Oceans Of Energy Paul Mario Koola
Facing the four Elements:Developing a Transatlantic Approach
to Sustainability
DAAD Meetingin New York City
Panel IIFIRE – HOW WILL WE POWER OUR PLANET?
October 28 – 30, 2010
Oceans Of Energy
Population Growth - Wiki
Renewable Energy
Water Shortage www.worldwatercouncil.org
1.1 billion people live without clean drinking water 2.6 billion people lack adequate sanitation
(2002, UNICEF/WHO JMP 2004)
Source: WaterGAP 2.0 - December 1999
70% of Earth’s Surface THE COASTAL POPULATION EXPLOSION - Don Hinrichsen
Overwhelming bulk of humanity - on just 10% of the earth’s land surface - concentrated along or near coasts
55-60% of all Americans now live on or near a coast 200 Mile Economic Exclusive Zone How to sustain / create ocean wealth responsibly
Huge Untapped Real Estate Power & Desalination Aquaculture Mineral Wealth (Manganese Nodules) Recreation – Floating Islands etc. Floating Airports Sensor Networks / Transportation
Oceans
Kansai Airport - Wiki
OutlineProblem
Water & Energy Shortage with Population GrowthSolution – Ocean Energy (Wave Energy)TechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisAreas of ExpertiseMarket and Sales PitchSummary
Use Ocean Real Estate e.g. Ocean Sensor Network
Problem – Lacks Power Infrastructure Solution - Ocean Energy
Infrastructure lacks power to self sustain Alternate commercial applications likely if
power infrastructure available
Princeton Ocean Network
Navy Ocean Network
Ocean Energies
TidalCurrents Offshore WindOsmotic Power Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
(OTEC)Wave Energy
Tidal Energy
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/00/Tide_type.gif SeaGen - world's first commercial tidal generator in Strangford Lough Northern Ireland
Dam of the tidal power plant on the estuary of the Rance River, Bretagne, France (240 MW, 1966 )
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_power
Ocean Current Energy
Hammerfest Strøm AS 2006
Gulfstream Energy Incorporated 2006
http://ocsenergy.anl.gov/documents/docs/OCS_EIS_WhitePaper_Current.pdf
Offshore Wind Energy
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Hywind.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Floating_loose_mooring_catenary_plain.svg
Energy generation is higher out in the sea - unobstructed by terrain features
Electricity generated is transmitted by undersea cables
Reduced visual pollution - more than 12 miles (19 km) offshore
Better accommodation of fishing and shipping lanes
Allow siting near coastal cities
Osmotic Power - Wiki
Difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water
Two practical methods– Reverse electrodialysis (RED)
• Stack of alternating cathode and anode exchange membranes
– Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO).• The water potential of 26 bars• The world's first osmotic plant with capacity of
4 kW was opened by Statraft on 24 November, 2009 in Tofte, Norway
OTEC
http://www.nrel.gov/otec/what.html
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/OTEC_diagram.gif
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Otec2.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Otec2.jpg
Wave Energy
Wave Energy – Scalable Power Researched in depth from the
70’s Oil Crisis Time is Right, Technology
Available
Ocean Wave Energy Waves are a concentrated form of wind energy Waves are formed by winds blowing over the surface of the ocean Worldwide economically recoverable wave energy resource are in
the range of 140 to 750 TWh/yr [ETNWE 2003] The UK Dept. of Trade and Industry (DTI) predicts 35TW/year by
2025 in UK [VBR 2007]
Relative Global Wave Energy
Density (kW/m)Source: Wave Energy paper.
IMechE, 1991and European Directory of
Renewable Energy (Suppliers and Services) 1991
Outline
Problem – Water & Energy ShortageSolution – Ocean Energy (Wave Energy)TechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisAreas of ExpertiseMarket and Sales PitchSummary
Wave Energy Converters (WEC)WEC converts slow moving oscillations in ocean
waves to electricityProblem is how to build a cost effective WEC?Total Life Cycle Cost includes Design, Fabrication,
Deployment & MaintenanceMaintenance is approx. 20% of the total cost of
the power produced (Maintenance in Ocean)UK Wave power electricity prices range from
12p/KWHr to 25p/KWHr. Scaling will see drop in prices [VBR 2007]
Wave Energy TechnologiesEvolution WE1.0 –> 2.0 –> 3.0 Floats/Buoys (heave) or Pitching Devices (slope)Oscillating Water Columns –
OWC Surge Concentrators
TAPCHANPassive or Active (Phase
Control) Shallow / Deep Water
Bottom Standing / Floating Devices
© Boyle 1996
OWC: Wavegen
Pelamis
Outline
Problem – Ocean Power InfrastructureSolution – Wave EnergyTechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisAreas of ExpertiseMarket and Sales PitchSummary
Wave Energy Technologies Viable New Marketing Model
Power Stations at Sea. (WE 3.0) First intent not to push power to shore but consume it
where produced (new market) Distributed Ocean Network
Power, Wireless Communication, Desalination (future)Power Buoys trade EnergySell Floating Power Islands (Increase Network)Autonomous Revenue Management and Control via
wireless communication to shoreInvestors own units and monitor and price power
Business Model
Outline
Problem – Ocean Power InfrastructureSolution – Wave EnergyTechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisMarket and Sales PitchSummary and Action Timeline
Competitive Analysis Key Wave Energy Players (First Movers, 2nd Gen)
Pelamis, OPT, WaveBob Time is Right – Global Warming, Carbon Credits Weakness - Aiming for Power to Shore Threat - Nuclear Concept
Use Distributed Scalable Modules For Power at Sea
Wireless Communication, Desalination (future)We can beat power from land delivered at sea
Outline
Problem – Ocean Power InfrastructureSolution – Wave EnergyTechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisAreas of ExpertiseMarket and Sales PitchSummary
Areas of Expertise Hydrodynamics Offshore Engineering Turbine / Generators Power Electronics Instrumentation Distributed Controls Communications
Outline
Problem – Ocean Power InfrastructureSolution – Wave EnergyTechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisAreas of ExpertiseMarket and Sales PitchSummary
Market and Sales Pitch Market Segments
Navy – Seabasing, Autonomous Coastal ProtectionOffshore Industry – Carbon Credits Fisheries – Pump up nutrient rich waterOceanography – Instrumentation, HurricaneRecreation – Artificial Powered Floating Islands
Sales Pitch (Power at Sea – New Market) Fractional cost of manned battery replacement at seaProfit Margin High - Multiples of cost to produce energy Compete with power to land as network scales and excess
energy is generated.
Outline
Problem – Ocean Power InfrastructureSolution – Wave EnergyTechnologyBusiness Model Competitive AnalysisMarket and Sales PitchSummary
Summary
Expand Ocean Power Infrastructure
Current Bottleneck Sustained funding
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platform
* Eni's Devil's Tower located in 5,610 ft (1,710 m) of water, in the Gulf of Mexico, operated by Royal Dutch Shell was built at a cost of $3 billion
Generate and Sell Power for use at Sea
High Capital Costs (Billions *)Distributed DevelopmentCreate Network incrementally
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