Establishing and using Sectoral Qualifications Frameworks: good practice from Poland
Katarzyna Trawińska-Konador
Educational Research Institute
Warsaw School of Economics
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Introduction
2008 Poland began implementing the Recommendation on the establishment of the European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning
2008 introduction of VPL in the form of extramural examinations
2009 introduction of core curricula based on learning outcomes in general education
2012 introduction of core curricula based on learning outcomes in VET
2013 Polish Referencing Report
2015 the Act on the Integrated Qualifications System (IQS)
2017-2018 reforms of the formal education system
2017 Strategy for Responsible Development 2020 – horizon 2030
2019 Integrated Skills Strategy
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Introduction
The IQS was developed under the direction of the Minister of National Education, now minister coordinator of the Integrated Qualifications System.
Social partners
employers
trade unions
chambers of industry
commerce and skilled crafts
NGOs
educational and research institutions
education and training providers
employment services
youth organisations
Decision makers and advisory bodies
relevant ministers
Integrated Qualifications System Stakeholders Council
Sector Skills Councils
Inter-ministerial Taskforce for Lifelong Learning and the Integrated Qualifications System
+ Educational Research Institute
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Initial overview – elements of the IQS
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Sectoral qualifications frameworks are further development of PQF
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Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or
branch
(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)
Sectoral qualifications framework
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Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or
branch
(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)
Sectoral qualifications framework
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Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or
branch
(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)
Sectoral qualifications framework
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Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or
branch
(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)
Sectoral qualifications framework
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Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or
branch;
Levels of sectoral qualifications frameworks refer to adequate levels
of Polish Qualifications Framework
(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)
Sectoral qualifications framework
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PQF Universal descriptors (first stage)
LEVEL 5
KNOWS AND UNDERSTANDS (KNOWLEDGE):
a broad scope of facts, theories, methods and the
dependencies between them; the diverse conditions
of conducted activities
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PQF Descriptors typical for vocational education (second stage) LEVEL 5
KNOWS AND UNDERSTAND (KNOWLEDGE):
P5Z_W1
• theoretical basics of methods and technologies used in professional
activity
• Rules of economic activity and entrepreneurship
• Ethical rules of professional activity
P5Z_W2
• Chosen theories, explaining phenomena and processes linked to the
professional activity
P5Z_W3
• A wide range of methods and technologies used in a
professional activity
• In wide range: organizational solutions of professional activity
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Examples of level descriptors in sectoral qualifications framework (banking sector)
LEVEL 5
KNOWS AND UNDERSTANDS (KNOWLEDGE):
• Explains how the fundamental economic mechanisms and financial markets influence bank’s operations, within his/her specialised field
• Explains in detail the characteristics of all banking services within his/her specialisation and their dependencies from the point of view of the bank and the customer
• Lists examples of standardised business solutions and best banking practices in his/her specialised field
• Describes the contents of bank’s financial statements and the key analytical methods important in his/her job
• Explains types of risks and risk management techniques relevant in his/her job, using professional terminology
• Explains all relevant laws, regulations and procedures important in his/her job
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Polish Qualifications Framework Sectoral Qualifications
Framework
Universal level descriptors Typical for vocational
education and training descriptors
Example SQF descriptors
(telecommunications)
LEVEL 4
KNOWLEDGE: KNOWS AND UNDERSTANDS
a broadened set of basic facts, moderately complex concepts, theories and the dependencies between selected natural and social phenomena
the general theoretical foundations of the methods and solutions used in carrying out occupational tasks
the methods and techniques of
constructing
telecommunications networks;
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What are the main benefits of SQF?
Common rerencing
point for all stakeholders
from the sector;
competent employees
Understandable and comparable qualifications in a given sector
Framework to compare sectoral
qualifications
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Work done so far
• Banking; • Tourism; • IT; • Telecommunication; • Sports; • Construction sector; • Fashion industry; • Development services; • Trade; • Public health
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On the way and plans
• Agriculture;
• Car industry;
• Chemistry;
• Mining;
• Social care;
• Education sector (SQF for
teachers);
• ???
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Some international examples
• SQF for Border Guarding (Frontex);
• Triple-E Standard (European Banking Federation);
• Metalog Project (Logistics sector);
• CarEasyVET Project;
• European e-Competence Framework;
• Skills Framework for the Information Age
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Main assumptions
• „sector for sector”
• Sectoral experts’ teams
• Based on sectoral determinants
• With clear reference to PQF
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Making perfect SQF
• Levels of SQF referred to levels of PQF
• Based on key terms for specific levels
• Reflecting levels of competences necessary to work in a
given sector
• Representative and important for sector – focus only on
aspects relevant for sector
• Supported by sector
• Widely spread among sector stakeholders
• Flexible – reflects changes in labour markets
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Stages of SQF development
Expert teams Sectoral
determinants Level
descriptors SQF
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Sector for the sector
Commercial banks; 10
Cooperative banks unions;
2
Supervision authority; 2
Union of Polish Banks; 3
Universities; 1 Non-formal education institutions; 1
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Widely consulted
• Broad surveys among stakeholders
• Individual interviews;
• Expert reviews
• Conferences (e.g. yesterday)
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What is a „sector” – first step
• Sectoral experts’ team has to determine what is the sector
and show its borders.
• Not too small, not too big
• Why we have no common definition of the sector?
• „The borders of my language are the borders of my world”
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Analysis of sector competences
Existing
sectoral
qualifications
Main sectoral
tasks
Typical
positions or
occupations in
a sector
Sectoral determinants
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Sectoral competences
Sectoral determinants SQF
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Sports sector determinants
• Activities affecting the implementation of sports classes or
training
• Methods, forms and means used during sport classes or in
training processes
• Conditions and psychosocial aspects of sports participation
• Outcomes of participation in sport relating to health and/or
the success in sports
• Aspects supporting professional development activities in
sports
Exercise: What SQF is it? Descriptors typical
for VET
LEVEL 4
(Knowledge)
Knows and understand
different methods and technologies used in a
professional activity
Level descriptors
Knows the basic methods, techniques and tools used
to solve simple tasks of design and construction of
information systems, computer networks, databases.
Level descriptors
Knows and understands the rules for the application
of methods, forms and means in the process of
training in sport typical for training purposes (such as
eg. weight reduction, improvement in physical
function).
Level descriptors
Knows and understands methods and technics of
construction of telecommunication networks.
IT
SPORTS
TELE-
COMMUNICATION
Exercise: What SQF is it?
Descriptors
typical for VET
LEVEL 4
(Knowledge)
Knows and understand
different methods and technologies used in a
professional activity
Level descriptors
Knows and understands the regulations concerning the
provision of information about hotel services and
advertising offers hotel services.
Level descriptors
Describes in plain language a vast range of banking
services, including the benefits of each product for the
customer.
Defines the most important risks in a bank, fundamental
rules for managing risk and explains his/her role in the
process.
TOURISM
BANKING
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Making use of SQF
1. Perspective of the sector
2. Perspective of institutions managing qualifications
3. Perspective of the firms
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Sector perspective
• To tidy up sectors qualifications;
• To be a basis for maps of qualifications
• To face „deregulation”
• To help analyses of sectoral qualifications and
competences
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Pilot implementation at firm level
• February-July 2017
• SQF for Telecommunication tested in three leading companies:
Polkomtel, Grupa Technitel Polska, TK Telekom
• We prepared new descriptions of job positions;
• We prepare new guidelines for more effective recruitment.
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Use of SQF
We prove that qualification has level 5,
according to sectoral qualifications framework
We reccommend that all advisers have
qualifications with at least level 4.
We perform the forecasts of demand on skills based
on SQF
All of our analysts have qualifications on financial
markets with level 6
Sectoral Skills Council Bank
Supervisory
Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego
Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych Biuro Projektu ZSK ul. Górczewska 8, 01-180 Warszawa tel.: (22) 241 71 00, e-mail: [email protected]
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