Establishing and using Sectoral Qualifications Frameworks...

Establishing and using Sectoral Qualifications Frameworks: good practice from Poland

Katarzyna Trawińska-Konador

Educational Research Institute

Warsaw School of Economics

Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych

Introduction

2008 Poland began implementing the Recommendation on the establishment of the European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning

2008 introduction of VPL in the form of extramural examinations

2009 introduction of core curricula based on learning outcomes in general education

2012 introduction of core curricula based on learning outcomes in VET

2013 Polish Referencing Report

2015 the Act on the Integrated Qualifications System (IQS)

2017-2018 reforms of the formal education system

2017 Strategy for Responsible Development 2020 – horizon 2030

2019 Integrated Skills Strategy


Introduction

The IQS was developed under the direction of the Minister of National Education, now minister coordinator of the Integrated Qualifications System.

Social partners

employers

trade unions

chambers of industry

commerce and skilled crafts

NGOs

educational and research institutions

education and training providers

employment services

youth organisations

Decision makers and advisory bodies

relevant ministers

Integrated Qualifications System Stakeholders Council

Sector Skills Councils

Inter-ministerial Taskforce for Lifelong Learning and the Integrated Qualifications System

+ Educational Research Institute


Initial overview – elements of the IQS


Sectoral qualifications frameworks are further development of PQF


Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or

branch

(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)

Sectoral qualifications framework


Description of levels of qualifications functioning in a given sector or

branch;

Levels of sectoral qualifications frameworks refer to adequate levels

of Polish Qualifications Framework

(art. 2, pt 19 Law on Integrated Qualifications System)

Sectoral qualifications framework


PQF Universal descriptors (first stage)

LEVEL 5

KNOWS AND UNDERSTANDS (KNOWLEDGE):

a broad scope of facts, theories, methods and the

dependencies between them; the diverse conditions

of conducted activities


PQF Descriptors typical for vocational education (second stage) LEVEL 5

KNOWS AND UNDERSTAND (KNOWLEDGE):

P5Z_W1

• theoretical basics of methods and technologies used in professional

activity

• Rules of economic activity and entrepreneurship

• Ethical rules of professional activity

P5Z_W2

• Chosen theories, explaining phenomena and processes linked to the

professional activity

P5Z_W3

• A wide range of methods and technologies used in a


• In wide range: organizational solutions of professional activity


Examples of level descriptors in sectoral qualifications framework (banking sector)

LEVEL 5

KNOWS AND UNDERSTANDS (KNOWLEDGE):

• Explains how the fundamental economic mechanisms and financial markets influence bank’s operations, within his/her specialised field

• Explains in detail the characteristics of all banking services within his/her specialisation and their dependencies from the point of view of the bank and the customer

• Lists examples of standardised business solutions and best banking practices in his/her specialised field

• Describes the contents of bank’s financial statements and the key analytical methods important in his/her job

• Explains types of risks and risk management techniques relevant in his/her job, using professional terminology

• Explains all relevant laws, regulations and procedures important in his/her job


Polish Qualifications Framework Sectoral Qualifications

Framework

Universal level descriptors Typical for vocational

education and training descriptors

Example SQF descriptors

(telecommunications)

LEVEL 4

KNOWLEDGE: KNOWS AND UNDERSTANDS

a broadened set of basic facts, moderately complex concepts, theories and the dependencies between selected natural and social phenomena

the general theoretical foundations of the methods and solutions used in carrying out occupational tasks

the methods and techniques of

constructing

telecommunications networks;


What are the main benefits of SQF?

Common rerencing

point for all stakeholders

from the sector;

competent employees

Understandable and comparable qualifications in a given sector

Framework to compare sectoral

qualifications


Work done so far

• Banking; • Tourism; • IT; • Telecommunication; • Sports; • Construction sector; • Fashion industry; • Development services; • Trade; • Public health


On the way and plans

• Agriculture;

• Car industry;

• Chemistry;

• Mining;

• Social care;

• Education sector (SQF for

teachers);

• ???


Some international examples

• SQF for Border Guarding (Frontex);

• Triple-E Standard (European Banking Federation);

• Metalog Project (Logistics sector);

• CarEasyVET Project;

• European e-Competence Framework;

• Skills Framework for the Information Age


Main assumptions

• „sector for sector”

• Sectoral experts’ teams

• Based on sectoral determinants

• With clear reference to PQF


Making perfect SQF

• Levels of SQF referred to levels of PQF

• Based on key terms for specific levels

• Reflecting levels of competences necessary to work in a

given sector

• Representative and important for sector – focus only on

aspects relevant for sector

• Supported by sector

• Widely spread among sector stakeholders

• Flexible – reflects changes in labour markets


Stages of SQF development

Expert teams Sectoral

determinants Level

descriptors SQF


Sector for the sector

Commercial banks; 10

Cooperative banks unions;

2

Supervision authority; 2

Union of Polish Banks; 3

Universities; 1 Non-formal education institutions; 1


Widely consulted

• Broad surveys among stakeholders

• Individual interviews;

• Expert reviews

• Conferences (e.g. yesterday)


What is a „sector” – first step

• Sectoral experts’ team has to determine what is the sector

and show its borders.

• Not too small, not too big

• Why we have no common definition of the sector?

• „The borders of my language are the borders of my world”


Analysis of sector competences

Existing

sectoral

qualifications

Main sectoral

tasks

Typical

positions or

occupations in

a sector

Sectoral determinants


Sectoral competences

Sectoral determinants SQF


Sports sector determinants

• Activities affecting the implementation of sports classes or

training

• Methods, forms and means used during sport classes or in

training processes

• Conditions and psychosocial aspects of sports participation

• Outcomes of participation in sport relating to health and/or

the success in sports

• Aspects supporting professional development activities in

sports

Exercise: What SQF is it? Descriptors typical

for VET

LEVEL 4

(Knowledge)

Knows and understand

different methods and technologies used in a


Level descriptors

Knows the basic methods, techniques and tools used

to solve simple tasks of design and construction of

information systems, computer networks, databases.

Level descriptors

Knows and understands the rules for the application

of methods, forms and means in the process of

training in sport typical for training purposes (such as

eg. weight reduction, improvement in physical

function).

Level descriptors

Knows and understands methods and technics of

construction of telecommunication networks.

IT

SPORTS

TELE-

COMMUNICATION

Exercise: What SQF is it?

Descriptors

typical for VET

LEVEL 4

(Knowledge)

Knows and understand

different methods and technologies used in a


Level descriptors

Knows and understands the regulations concerning the

provision of information about hotel services and

advertising offers hotel services.

Level descriptors

Describes in plain language a vast range of banking

services, including the benefits of each product for the

customer.

Defines the most important risks in a bank, fundamental

rules for managing risk and explains his/her role in the

process.

TOURISM

BANKING


Making use of SQF

1. Perspective of the sector

2. Perspective of institutions managing qualifications

3. Perspective of the firms


Sector perspective

• To tidy up sectors qualifications;

• To be a basis for maps of qualifications

• To face „deregulation”

• To help analyses of sectoral qualifications and

competences


Pilot implementation at firm level

• February-July 2017

• SQF for Telecommunication tested in three leading companies:

Polkomtel, Grupa Technitel Polska, TK Telekom

• We prepared new descriptions of job positions;

• We prepare new guidelines for more effective recruitment.


Use of SQF

We prove that qualification has level 5,

according to sectoral qualifications framework

We reccommend that all advisers have

qualifications with at least level 4.

We perform the forecasts of demand on skills based

on SQF

All of our analysts have qualifications on financial

markets with level 6

Sectoral Skills Council Bank

Supervisory

Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego

Instytut Badań Edukacyjnych Biuro Projektu ZSK ul. Górczewska 8, 01-180 Warszawa tel.: (22) 241 71 00, e-mail: [email protected]

Establishing and using Sectoral Qualifications Frameworks...

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