Examine the diagram above and then answer the following questions.
1. In this “Renaissance plant” which root grows straight up? Which roots branch out?
2. What might this tell us about how the two time periods, medieval and classical,
influenced the growth of the Renaissance?
3. Plants need soil, sunlight, and water to grow. In the diagram, what three things seem
to be contributing to the growth of the Renaissance?
4. Why do you think the soil is labeled “Europe”?
Essential Question:
What changes in Europe led to the Renaissance?
Section 27.2: What was the Renaissance?
Part I
Fill in the cause and effect chart below to explain how the classical world of ancient
Greece and Rome was rediscovered, leading to the period known as the Renaissance?
In the Late Middle Ages,
merchants and Crusaders
brought back…
Cause #1 Cause #3 Cause #2
The Roman Catholic
Church kept knowledge of
ancient times alive by…
Europeans also read
classical works that came
by way of…
Effect:
This flow of ideas led to…
…goods and ideas
from the East,
including classical
learning.
…copying
documents that
survived from the
classical period.
…Muslim
scholars.
…a rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.
The renewed interest in classical culture led to the
great flowering of art and learning we call the
Renaissance.
Section 27.2: Part 2
As you read the subsection in your book on p.334 entitled, “Exploring the Rebirth of
Classical Ideas Through Art,” fill in the chart below.
Classical Medieval Renaissance
Purpose of this type
of art
Two style
characteristics of
each example in
your book
To show the
importance of:
-ordinary
people
-civic leaders
-gods and
goddesses
To teach
religion to
people who
could not
read or write.
To show the
importance of:
-people
-nature
figure is nude
body is
active and in
motion
face is calm
and without
emotion.
figures are
all fully
dressed in
stiff
clothing.
highlights
Jesus who
is larger
than other
figures
colors reflect
lighting
lifelike three-
dimensional
figures
figures are
shown in
motion
Renaissance: _____ Medieval: _____
Section 27.2: Part 3
Examine the visuals below and then fill in chart by doing the following:
- Describe in which period each artwork was created. Write the period AND
letter of each work in the correct row.
- List TWO or more characteristics from Part 2 that led you to your
decision.
C B A
the woman is
in a scene
from her daily
life
figures look
flat; not real.
has depth
the faces of the
figures are very
calm; no
background or
sense of
perspective.
the poses are
harmonious
and balanced
Letter identifying
the artwork
Two or
three style
characteristi
cs in this
piece of art
Classical: _____
Mary is larger
than the other
figures
figures look
realistic
facial
expressions
are revealing
full landscape
in background
The Beginning
of the
Renaissance in
Europe
After reading each section, 27.3 through 27.5, complete in the diagram by identifying and
explaining examples of the different causes that led to the beginning of the Renaissance
in Europe.
Section 27.3
Cause: _________________________________
Example 1:
Example 2:
Cause: _____________________________
Example 1:
Example 2:
Cause: ____________________________________
Example 1:
Example 2:
Section 27.4
Section 27.5
Growth of Trade & Commerce
Influence of Italian City-States
Growth of Humanism
Merchants & bankers grew wealthy & could afford to pay
for new buildings & art to beautify their cities.
Growing trade meant that more classical texts, art, and
artifacts were passed along trade routes sparking interest in
classical culture.
Their wealth encouraged a
growth in art and learning.
Rich families supported the
creation of art, new buildings, and
centers of learning, such as universities
and hospitals.
People began to change their ideas about many things,
such as government, social class, and religion.
They tried to improve upon the art, architecture, and ideas
of the classical period, which led to new discoveries, new ways of
studying things, and new inventions in many areas of life
Section 27.3: The Growth of Trade and Commerce
1. Describe how Marco Polo’s travels along the Silk Road helped reawaken interest in
classical culture.
2. Explain two results of the increased in trade in Europe.
3. Identify the primary cause from this section that led to the start of the Renaissance. Write
this primary cause in the box on the previous page of notes. Then, write two examples
that further describe how this cause led to the rebirth of classical culture and learning in
Europe.
Section 27.4: The Influence of the Italian City-States
1. What were the Italian city-states?
2. How do the pictures below illustrate how the city-states were governed?
3. How did Italian city-states become so powerful?
4. Identify the primary cause from this section that led to the start of the Renaissance. Write
this primary cause in the box on the previous page of notes. Then, write two examples
that further describe how this cause led to the rebirth of classical culture and learning in
Europe.
= = =
In the 13th century, Mongol conquests made it safe to travel along
the Silk Road. Marco Polo’s travels sparked a greater interest in the
East, and helped encourage the transport of food, art, and luxury
goods along the trade route.
It also helped craftspeople, merchants, and
bankers become more important in society.
An increase in trade led to a new, money
economy.
Italian city-states were powerful cities in Renaissance Italy that ruled the
surrounding towns and countryside. They were independent and were often
republics governed by elected councils.
Because of their central Mediterranean location, Italian
city-states became major centers of trade and business.
guilds rich
merchants
powerful
families
Section 27.5: The Growth of Humanism
1. Define humanism.
2. Who is the man pictured to the right? Why is he significant
in the humanism movement?
3. What did Renaissance humanists believe about people's abilities?
4. What subjects from ancient times did humanists study and explore?
5. Define individualism.
6. How did the Renaissance humanists’ beliefs sometimes conflict with those of the
Catholic Church?
7. Identify the primary cause from this section that led to the start of the Renaissance.
Write this primary cause in the box on the previous page of notes. Then, write two
examples that further describe how this cause led to the rebirth of classical culture and
learning in Europe.
Renaissance humanists believed that people could shape
their own lives and achieve great things.
Renaissance humanists studied classical
art, architecture, government, history,
poetry, and language.
The Church taught that laws were made by God and required people
to follow its teachings without question. It also emphasized life after
death as opposed to life on Earth. Renaissance humanists believed
that people should question everything and tried to balance
religious faith with an active interest in human existence.
a philosophy that tries to balance religious faith
with an emphasis on individual dignity and an
interest in nature and human society
Francesco Petrarch is considered to be the
founder of Italian Renaissance humanism.
the belief in the importance of an individual’s
achievement and dignity
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