Decongesting Student Broadband Networks of
Over-the-Top-ContentContent Aware Networking for R&E Vertical
Jeff McMillan| Director - Sales| BTI Systems | P: 972.318.8851 | M: 972.754.5815 | [email protected]
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Providing sufficient bandwidth is an ongoing challenge
• Campus bandwidth increased proactively to meet academic needs
• ResNet bandwidth increased as funding available to meet student needs
University Internet bandwidth usage climbs about 25% to 50% per year
Internet peering costs are decreasing, however the “.Net
generation” is eradicating any service savings with
growing bandwidth requirements
• Higher quality content, popular applications, and new devices
are driving bandwidth—predominantly for non-educational
use—and will likely continue this trend over the next few years
• Gaming, social networking, media, file sharing and web
browsing applications consumed 78% of University Internet
bandwidth in a recent study
University IT Team Challenges
Source: Lancope – April 2010
Source: Palo Alto Networks - November 2009
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Students are accustomed to high-speed connections at home
• In my house we have Verizon FIOS – 25mb down, 15mb up
They also have numerous ways to eat up bandwidth
• Laptops / PCs
• Network connected DVD players and TVs
• Game Systems
• Slingbox
Students don’t watch TV anymore
• Daughter is a freshman in college and has not turned on her TV once this
year(except to play her Wii)
• Most of the time watches content on her Macbook
You are Looking at the Problem
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ResNet Bandwidth Drivers
HD Video Content
• Web-based high quality video (720p or higher) is available from many sources
driving 2 Mbps streams for long durations (ex. ESPN3 World Cup coverage)
File Sharing
• 24 P2P variants are actively being used driving over 20% of Internet
bandwidth on ResNets. New browser-based applications move large files
(like music or movies) looking like normal web traffic
Social Media
• The enhancements to social networking applications—making them
communications, media, and gaming hubs—is driving an ever-increasing
amount of bandwidth
Smartphones
• Additional, devices accessing the Internet in parallel (always-on secondary
connection) to laptops and desktops. WIFI offload capabilities means
content is delivered over university network, not a wireless service
provider’s
Source: Palo Alto Networks
Utilization Duration Frequency Concurrency
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Solution Requirements
Reduce year-over-year growth in Internet bandwidth demand and
associated budgetary increases for Internet access service
• Put demand more in line with planned capacity augmentation
Improve network capabilities for all applications and users
• Reduce network congestion, improve Quality of Service (QoS), and reduce
Help Desk complaints
• Address specific student complaints regarding Internet video-streaming
problems—and in general access to OTT content
• Address peak utilization times specifically—heavy non-educational use time
Ensure transparency to content providers and regulatory compliance
Compliment leading education and research opportunities with a superior
campus lifestyle
• Compelling student offer needs to address all facets of student life on campus
(including high-quality Internet access) to ensure competitive advantage
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What is Over-the-Top (OTT) Content?
• Any type of information sourced over a users’ broadband Internet
connection. Its most popular form is video, but is much broader than
video (although video is the most bandwidth-intensive) and includes:
― Flash video services, software updates, peer-to-peer, and HTTP downloads
What is Over-the-Top Content’s impact on Network Operators?
• Users utilize their Internet connection more
effectively and for a longer period of time
• Has a compound effect as linear-based requests
are aggregated, causing network congestion
• Puts significant stress on the network because it
must traverse internet connections, network
infrastructure, and the access network
Target: Over-the-Top Content
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Introducing Content Aware Networking
Content Aware Networking Value
• Addresses popular OTT content requests
• Lowers Internet access and connection costs
• Provides network users with a high Quality of Experience
• Realizes a rapid ROI compared to growing delivery costs
BTI Systems’ Implementation Value
• Offers an integrated solution—network and application awareness
• Operationally simple to deploy
• A network investment vs. an increasing CDN Service charge
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WideCast IntroductionBTI Systems’
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BTI WideCast™ Solution Components
WideCast 200Integrated edge solution
packetVX™ 12/2With WideCast license
WideCast 300Data centre solution
Edge Optimized Linux OS
Transparent Cache Future
Future Open Platform CapabilitiesApplications
Operating System
WideCast Modules
Application Routing
& Content Aware
Switching
Solution Value: Network-integrated approach to efficient content delivery
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How Does it Work?Initial Request & Content Acquisition Procedure
WideCast Content Aware Networking solution is positioned in-line to
monitor user Internet requests
Applicable cacheable content opportunities go well beyond video
1 User Content Request
Internet
SubscriberOriginating
Server
Internet video services (YouTube, MSN Movies, Netflix)
Software updates (operating system and anti-virus)
Peer-to-peer file sharing (music, podcasts, movies)
HTTP downloads (user manuals, product brochures)
Cacheable Over-the-Top Content Examples
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How Does it Work?Initial Request & Content Acquisition Procedure
WideCast identifies popular over-the-top (OTT) cacheable content types
• Key function in developing ―popular content‖ listing
Wire speed evaluation—latency intolerant and non-cacheable content
types bypass and continue along traditional internet connection path
2 Request analyzed
All Requests
Cacheable Content Request(Identified and logged)
Real-time Requests(VoIP, Email, …)
Application Awareness
Internet
SubscriberOriginating
Server
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How Does it Work?Initial Request & Content Acquisition Procedure
Initial content request sourced via traditional internet connection from
the originating servers
• YouTube, Yahoo, Hulu, Netflix, iPlayer…
3 Requested from originating source
Internet
SubscriberOriginating
Server
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How Does it Work?Initial Request & Content Acquisition Procedure
Content cached locally to address future requests
Content served to user in traditional sense from originating source
4 Requested delivered
and cached
Internet
Content
Served
Content CachedContent Stream
Content Acquired
SubscriberOriginating
Server
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How Does it Work?Subsequent Requests
Assumes cacheable/cached content request
1 User Content Request
Follow-on request process for previously requested content
Internet
SubscriberOriginating
Server
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How Does it Work?Subsequent Requests
Integrated solution functionality
Recognizes cacheable content request based on L4
2 Request redirected
Requests
Cacheable Content Request(Identified and logged)
Policy-based Redirect
Internet
SubscriberOriginating
Server
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How Does it Work?Subsequent Requests
Content Availability Check
• Uses first 4 MB of content file to provide ―fingerprint‖ for comparison—similar
to a content-addressable storage (CAS) solution, or an XOR function
3 Availability checked
Requests
Content Availability
Confirmed
Policy-based Redirect
Internet
SubscriberOriginating
Server
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How Does it Work?Subsequent Requests
Content Validity Check
• Hash-based analysis to ensure content is up-to-date, and has not been
removed from originating server
• Not URL-based
SubscriberOriginating
Server
Hash-based Validation Process
Content =Cached Original
4 Content validation
Internet
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How Does it Work?Subsequent Requests
Full IP Transparency – Unlike proxy server approaches
• Transparent to Content Providers - preserves application logic of all streaming
and download services and networks, and all collected subscriber information
SubscriberOriginating
Server
Internet
Application Analytics(# of views, likes, etc.)
Transparent Cache Content Delivery
Content Sourced
Locally
5 Requested content delivered
Content
Served
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Function Summary
WideCast Content Aware Network Solution
• Internet-destined requests are analyzed and classified; most
requested content is positioned locally
• For subsequent requests determine if the content is cached and
validate the integrity
• Content is sourced locally for network bandwidth savings and
improved use QoS
• Transparent to providers and users, and is regulatory compliant
Internet User
Improved
QOE
Bandwidth
Savings
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Content Aware Networking ValueFocus: Addressing OTT Content
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Addressing Popular OTT Content RequestsDriven by on-demand Video
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
MP3 Youtube 3 minute video
iTunes feature-length movie
HD Movie (Netflix)
3MB 38MB
1500MB
6000MB
Content Transfer Requirements (MB)
Online Content Availability
Ubiquitous Device Access+
Video will account for 90%
of network traffic by 2012Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast
YouTube 35% of traffic on
service provider networksNov 2009 Measurements
Subscribers require on-demand
video content access – any
device, anytime, anywhere
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0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
youtube.com
apple.com
mcafee.com
netflix.net
letour.fr
symantec live update
pandora.com
ut.us
farmville.com
2mdn.net
yimg.com
hulu.com
photobucket.com
xbox.com
frontierville.zynga.com
lds.org
directmessagelab1.com
adobe.com
turner.com
bigfishgames.com
Content Requests
GB served
Addressing Popular OTT Content RequestsBeyond Video
Repeated requests save
network bandwidth
Popular content types
addressed with solution
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Digital Millennium Copyright Act (USA)
DMCA Terms WideCast
The service provider is not the original source of the
material available
Fully Compliant
Caching is automatic, with intermediate and temporary
storage of content in local servers
Fully Compliant
The service provider does not modify the content Fully Compliant
The service provider complies with industry standards
regarding updating of the content
Fully Compliant
The service provider does not interfere with the content’s
access manners (passwords)
Fully Compliant
The service provider must remove infringing files upon
gaining actual knowledge of the infringement
Fully Compliant
DMCA: Digital Millennium Copyright Act – USA: Caching P2P and HTTP-streaming content for the purpose of network efficiency and without modification is legal and protected by law
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Content Aware NetworkingCampus and RON positioning examples
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DistributionCampusAccessInternet POP Building User
WideCast Positioning in Campus/RONsCore Deployment
Positioned at GigaPOP or head end campus data center
• Address ResNet and student access network from one location
• ISP Savings: Reduced access + usage with local OTT cache
• Subscriber QoE: Improved with local source (vs. Internet sourced requests)
Access Methods
Wired
“Port per bed”
WIFI
Mobile
WIFI Offload
Campus-wide user population: ~2500-20000
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WideCast Positioning in Campus/RONsEdge Deployment
Positioned at high-subscriber count facilities (dorms)
• Address ResNet student access network bandwidth at the source
• Campus Network Savings: Reduce impact of traffic end-to-end
• ISP Savings: Reduced access + usage
• Subscriber QoE: Improved with “at the door” source (vs. Internet sourced)
DistributionCampusAccessInternet POP Building User
Access Methods
Wired
“Port per bed”
WIFI
Mobile
WIFI Offload
Edge facility user population: ~2000+
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Content Aware Networking ValueUniversity ResNet Campus Deployment
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Case Study ExampleMajor North American University
The Challenge
ResNet’s 7500 users were consuming a
disproportionate amount of Internet bandwidth
Driving 100% year-over-year growth of non-
educational Internet access bandwidth
Campus and internet access infrastructure
congested, low QoS, bandwidth costs growing
rapidly
Call center complaints of poor performance
increasing in frequency
The Network
Mix of on-campus and off-campus residence
facilities; wireless APs for user access
GbE link between residence and campus data center
Internet access link: 400MDistributionCampus
Residences
Data
Center
Off-
Campus
Residences
Internet
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Case Study ExampleMajor North American University
Primary Objectives
Control bandwidth costs
Provide ResNet users with a high-quality Internet
experience; lessen Call Center complains
Analysis Criteria
Minimum 25% request redirection to cache
Improved QoS measured by data throughput
Transparency to content providers and users
Integrate easily into existing campus network
>25%
Requests redirected Bandwidth ServedTransparency
Easy IntegrationInternet video
OS/Antiviral updates
Peer-to-peer traffic
HTTP downloads
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Case Study ExampleMajor North American University
The Results
Reduced network and internet access bandwidth
requirements on average by ~30%; peak
consumption reduction by ~43%
Streaming Internet video content delivery
accelerated by 4x to 8x; rapid user control response
Over 90% of ResNet users benefit from transparent
caching solution some content requests sourced
Transparent solution, does not interfere with
application or service analytics (pay-per-click, peer
ratings, conditional access) no regulatory
compliance issues
Ongoing increased cache efficiency and in-depth
traffic trending capabilities enable improved
bandwidth and network planning
Bandwidth: Required Generated
Overall
Average
165 Mbps 50 Mbps
(~30%)
Maximum
Results
318 Mbps 137 Mbps
(~43%)
Time
Period
IP Addresses
Seen Served % Served
Last 60m 3877 1653 43%
Last 24h 8285 7018 85%
Since Start 13062 12238 94%
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Realize network and Internet access savings Network Operator Measured Value
Results
20-30% peak bandwidth savings (Internet sourced vs. subscriber delivered)
• Defers network capacity upgrades (aggregation/middle mile, and core)
Up to 35% cost savings on cacheable backhaul bandwidth
Bandwidth Delivered
Bandwidth Incoming
Key Factors
Cache Productivity – the difference between aggregate bandwidth delivered (to
subscribers) relative to bandwidth required to source ―new‖ content
ISP Transit Peering Costs – a reduction in charged bandwidth to access the Internet
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Provide network users with a high QoESubscriber Value
Results
7.1 times improvement in end user throughput for Cached Media
Rapid content download, instantaneous responsiveness to user commands
Eliminates complaints to support center regarding suboptimal quality
“The improvement users report in terms
of network performance and
reduced call center volume, far exceeds
what would be expected just looking
at the bandwidth saved or generated.”
Cache Throughput
Transit Throughput
Key Factor
Quality of Experience (QoE) – an improved QoE with respect to download
time/buffering and command control response (play/pause/fast forward)
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