Cpt. Dr. Gerhard Fahnenbruck
SETP/ SFTE 4th European Flight Test Safety Workshop
RAeS, London, September 28th-29th, 2010
What it does and what it does not
A Critical Incident
• An aircraft accident
• An incident resulting in injury or death
• An incident resulting in damage to an aircraft
• Passenger evacuation
• Participation in an accident investigation
• Death of a crew member
• Witness to an accident
Critical Incident
A critical incident• is felt to be life
threatening for a person him- or herself or a person near by
• is far beyondnormal human daily experience
• happens all of a suddenand without warning
The Purpose
• It is a peer-to-peer program designed to mitigate the impact of an accident or incident before stress reactions damage job performance, careers, family and health.
Critical Incident Stress
stress-level
hours 0 6 12 18
critical
excited
normal
light burden
stress-level
hours 0 6 12 18
critical
excited
normal
heavy burden withoutwithout assistance
?
Critical Incident Stress
Critical Incident Stress
stress-level
hours 0 6 12 18
critical
excited
normal
Heavy burden withwith assistance
Critical Incident Stress (physical)
sleeplessnessheadache
muscle aches
+?
guiltfear
helplessness
+?
Critical Incident Stress (affective)
Critical Incident Stress (cognitvie)
difficulty toconcentrate
mistrust
confusion
+?
strongemotions
withdrawal
Changes in speech,family life,social relationships
+?
Critical Incident Stress (behavioral)
normal reactionsnormal reactionsof normal peopleof normal people
to an
abnormal eventabnormal event
Critical Incident Stress
International Critical Incident Stress Foundation
• First responders
• Firemen
• Police officers
• Emergency room health professionals
CISM
• pre-incident education
• operational debriefing
• defusing
• debriefing
• demobilization
• follow-up and family support
• referral if necessary
consulting, no therapy
FedEx 80 – Narita, Japan
• FedEx did a great job with a first class CIRP Team• Anything can happen … volcano Mt. Redoubt erupted in
Alaska
Continental 1404
• CIRP is needed regardless of fatalities or serious injuries• Continental now has an impressive CIRP Team
Mumbai Terrorist Attacks• The CIRP global network … great coordination with
Lufthansa CIRP, the Mayday Foundation, KLM CIRP, and US ALPA CIRP
Response plan
critical incident
Call Center+49 (700) CISMTEAM+49 (700) 7700 7703
CISM-coordinatorCISM-coordinator
CISM-Team crew involved
within 6 hours
“protected area“
Maslow‘s Hierarchy
Support after critical incidents
• Fulfill basic needs (water, food, rest)
• Make sure victims are in a safe environment
• Information, Information, Information
• Support structuring the next moment, hour, day
• Any special need
• ….
Defusing vs. Debriefing
Introduction
Exploration
Information
cognitive
affective
Introduction
Fact
Reaction
Thought Symptom
Teaching
Re-entry
Non normal long term reactions
• substance abbuse
• depresseion
• PTSD
CISM
• pre-incident education• operational debriefing• defusing • debriefing• demobilization• follow-up and family support• referral if necessary
consulting, no therapy
CISM Team
Peers: CISM trained colleagues
• Same profession• No management
Critical Incidents
• 2002: 49 (3.500+ Pilots)
I I I
• 2006: 137 (26.000+ Crew Member)
I I I
• 2008: 167 (30.000+ Crew Member)
Statistics 2009
• 160 Events• 490 CISM Measures
– 460 Individual Interventions– 19 Group Interventions– 750 Follow-up Measures
• 300 CISM Team Member
Research
There has never been a study that indicates, that harm has been done by any CISM service, if the following two conditions were present :personnel properly trained in CISMproviders adhered to worldwide accepted standards of CISM practice
Comparison without and with CISM
San Diego 1978 El Cerritos 1986
125 fatalities on board - - - - - - - 820 survivors - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0
16 houses destroyed - - - - - - - - 1615 fatalities on ground - - - - - - - 15
300 rescue workers - - - - - - - - - 300>10.000 body parts recovered - - >10.000
( Mitchell )
Comparison without and with CISM
San Diego 1978 El Cerritos 1986sporadic CISM12 interventions
dismissal (one year later)
5 police 07 fire crew 017 paramedics 1
29 TOTAL 1
( Mitchell )( Mitchell )
CISM is still a “family affair”
Family
• Ike, Joao, Thomas, Uminchu, Bernhard, Isabel, Sheila, Mohamed, Fritz, Sharon, Eileen, Ray, Hiroshi, Pete, Doris, Val, Akira, Hans, Marco, Jeffrey, Teresa, Lynnette, Robert, John, Steve, Michael, Mimi, Stafka, Diana, Craig, Gerhard, Tsutomu, Kerstin, Rüdeger, Deborah, Todd, Lucy, Rodya, Rena, Linda, Andreas, Valerie, Erwin, Mike, Titus, Wessel, Ronald, Bill, Renee, Peter, Lauriel, Jim, Jutta, Joerg, Alice, Tony, Lauri, Murray, Liana, Mark, John, Ken, Tracy, Valerie, Angelique, Louise, Paolo, Jeff, Gabriele, Debby, Randy, Alexander, Keith, Ken, Tom, Neil, Chris, Eric, Christopher, Karl, Haruo, Guy, Heather, Mark, Kunihiko, Titus, Ronald, Angela, Wessell, Markus, Heinz, Dan, Dean, Andora, Don, Adam, Petra, Kandy, Wolfgang, Anja, Jerry, Johann, George, Don, Dave, Margie, Birgit, Bob, Ghislaine, Zhen, Nicole, Karin, Nielle, Daniel, Hanne, Mirjam, Birte, Joerg, Marion, Benjamin, Andreij, Burkhard, Michelle, Bruno, Ines, Dolores, Larry, Greg, Dana, Stefan, Kenan, Mike, Gabi, Susan, Zoni, Cristina, Becky, Kevin, Charlie, Jeffrey, Tim, Hilde, Quay, Suzanne, David, Richard, Shelley, Katie, Ina, Pierre, Martina, Rick, Mark, Christina, Michelle,
Family (continued)
• Heiko, Hilde, Marcel, Colleta, Jessica, Johanna, Rolf, Astrid, Reinhard, Monissa, Otto, Boris, Annette, Ellen, Andre, Thilo, Jeanette, Francoise, Gerald, Guenther, Victor, Nicole, Adelheid, Harald, Conny, Esmeralda, Gert, Jutta, Olaf, Ulrike, Angelika, Joseph, Leon, Waltraud, Sylvia, Paul, Claudia, Andigoni, Malinda, Ann, Nikolaus, Cordula, Madeleine, Aasa, Walter, Arik, Yasmin, Evi, Nina, Manfred, Mendy, Reiner, Fabiana, Elke, Cornelia, Uwe, Juergen, Stephanie, Claus, Cevina, Kenneth, Axel, Michael, Viktoria, Carsten, Nikolaus, Soeren, Franz, Xaver, Anastasia, Dietmar, Manon, Jean, Bjoern, Pana, Anja, Solveig, Jo, Ralf, Adrian, Jeanine, Hatice, Florian, Sabine, Ulli, Kuno, Giovanni, Silvia, Verena, Lorenzo, Gisela, Vasilios, Ulf, Caron, Detlef, Manfred, Dieter, Leo, Iris, Raimund, Helmut, Harry, Matthias, Dagmar, Cord, Beate, Philip, Lars, Fanny, Lutz, Juergen, Katharina, Sebastian, Sonia, Karolina, Heiner, Johannes, Christel, Jens, Winfried, Anke, Henning, Thom, Graig, Ermelinde, Veronika, Sandra, Jennifer, Katharina, Sasskia, Alfred, Elisabeth, Joerg, Andy, Ollie, Roddy, Donald, Patrik, Joachim, Bernd, Leander, Oliver, Kate, ...
To-Do-List
Structure the Family
Look for Globally Working Organisations:
ICISF, UNDSS, ALPA, etc.
Cooperate
Stiftung Mayday
Frankfurter Straße 12463263 Neu-IsenburgGermany
Tel: +49-(0)700-77007701 Fax: +49-(0)700-77007702
CISMTeam:CISMTeam: +49-(0)700-77007703+49-(0)700-77007703+49-(0)700-CISMTEAM+49-(0)700-CISMTEAM
Email: [email protected]: www.Stiftung-Mayday.de
Thank you for your attention!
Don‘t hesitate to contact:
Dr. Gerhard FahnenbruckBommersheimer Weg 31D-61348 Bad Hombug
+49 (151) 240 36 059
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