Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12
Chapter 12
Introduction to the Internet
Ruth Watson
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Objectives (1 of 2)
Differentiate between the Internet and the World Wide Web
List at least three application protocols from the TCP/IP suite
Explain the directory structure of a given URL Explain what IIS is Demonstrate how to install IIS Explain what Internet Services Manager is for Demonstrate how to create a simple web page
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Objectives (2 of 2)
Explain the difference between a search engine and a subject guide
Describe how web content is indexed Explain the role of a Meta tag Demonstrate how double quotes can help narrow a
search Explain what Boolean operators are and list three List at least two clues that can be used to determine
the validity of a web site Define portal
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Introduction
The Internet and the World Wide Web are
not the same The World Wide Web is the multimedia portion of
the Internet
In 2000 there were more than three million
people worldwide using the Internet
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Important Terms to Understand Apache Web Server Browser CERN Circuit switching FTP Gopher HTML HTTP Internet Meta tag Mosaic
Packet switching Portal Robot Search engine Site map Spider Telnet URL Web Server World Wide Web Yahoo
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The Internet
A network of networks
Began in 1969 ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency)
No central authority Therefore, impossible to state the precise size
The Internet is not free just because you do
not pay for it
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The World Wide Web
A subset of the Internet consisting of all
computers with hypertext or hypermedia
documents These documents contain references (links) to
other documents which may be on a different
computer anywhere in the world
Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics
Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland
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Internet Protocols
TCP/IP: (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Suite of protocols to allow multiple platforms to
communicate
HTTP: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Most common protocol used on the Internet for
Web pages
FTP: (File Transfer Protocol) Allows files to be transferred over the Internet
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How do you get there from here?Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
http://www.annex.com/southwest/museum.htm
Means of access,HyperText Transfer Protocol
Internet Address (Web site)
Document
Path (Directory or Folder)
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Directory Structures on a Web Server
You can guess the URL using the general form: www.company.com
Examples: www.microsoft.com www.nba.com www.dell.com www.whitehouse.gov www.miami.edu
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What Makes a Web Server a Web Server?
Install Internet
Information Services
to make your server a
Web server
Allows you to manage
Internet services,
such as: FTP
SMTP
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Become a Webmaster
Manage Internet
Services
Develop Content for the
Web
Set up Web databases
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Using HTML
Hypertext markup
Language Write it, or
Use an Editor
Does not matter which
is used, but you have
to know it to fix it!
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HTML Structure
<HTML> </HTML> Must be at beginning and end of the Web page
Head: <Head> </Head> Includes: Basic document info
Other HTML: <Title></Title> <Body BGCOLOR= “Beige”> <H1></H1> <P>
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Finding Resources Effectively:Search Engines
A program that systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic Uses a key word or words as a query Several search engines are available Each search engine has its own database No search engine is best Uses Boolean (logical) operators Returns “hits” or documents once search has been
submitted
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Search Tips
Use the Search button on the Internet Explorer Toolbar
Try multiple search engines on one query Be aware of logical operators
AND, OR, and NOT
Search on a concept: e.g., “first ladies” rather than “Eleanor Roosevelt”
Set Bookmarks/Favorites
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Boolean Operators
Specify Boolean operatorsAnd - Includes all findings of both key words
Or - Looks for only one of the specified key words
Not - Allows you to exclude certain key words
Use multiple search engines
Read online help about search criteria used for a
particular search engine
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Other Resources
Portals
Libraries
Online Magazines and
Journals
Miscellaneous Resources
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Summary
The Internet is a network of networks URL is located in the Address Box Hypertext and hypermedia contain links to other
documents Connect through ISP or LAN Search Engines are the tools to find information Learn to use keywords for searching Use multiple search engines Searches are based on Boolean operators HTML
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