Chapter 12

Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

Chapter 12

Introduction to the Internet

Ruth Watson

Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12 2

Objectives (1 of 2)

Differentiate between the Internet and the World Wide Web

List at least three application protocols from the TCP/IP suite

Explain the directory structure of a given URL Explain what IIS is Demonstrate how to install IIS Explain what Internet Services Manager is for Demonstrate how to create a simple web page


Objectives (2 of 2)

Explain the difference between a search engine and a subject guide

Describe how web content is indexed Explain the role of a Meta tag Demonstrate how double quotes can help narrow a

search Explain what Boolean operators are and list three List at least two clues that can be used to determine

the validity of a web site Define portal


Introduction

The Internet and the World Wide Web are

not the same The World Wide Web is the multimedia portion of

the Internet

In 2000 there were more than three million

people worldwide using the Internet


Important Terms to Understand Apache Web Server Browser CERN Circuit switching FTP Gopher HTML HTTP Internet Meta tag Mosaic

Packet switching Portal Robot Search engine Site map Spider Telnet URL Web Server World Wide Web Yahoo


The Internet

A network of networks

Began in 1969 ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency)

No central authority Therefore, impossible to state the precise size

The Internet is not free just because you do

not pay for it


The World Wide Web

A subset of the Internet consisting of all

computers with hypertext or hypermedia

documents These documents contain references (links) to

other documents which may be on a different

computer anywhere in the world

Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics

Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland


Internet Protocols

TCP/IP: (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Suite of protocols to allow multiple platforms to

communicate

HTTP: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Most common protocol used on the Internet for

Web pages

FTP: (File Transfer Protocol) Allows files to be transferred over the Internet


How do you get there from here?Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

http://www.annex.com/southwest/museum.htm

Means of access,HyperText Transfer Protocol

Internet Address (Web site)

Document

Path (Directory or Folder)


Directory Structures on a Web Server

You can guess the URL using the general form: www.company.com

Examples: www.microsoft.com www.nba.com www.dell.com www.whitehouse.gov www.miami.edu


What Makes a Web Server a Web Server?

Install Internet

Information Services

to make your server a

Web server

Allows you to manage

Internet services,

such as: FTP

SMTP


Become a Webmaster

Manage Internet

Services

Develop Content for the

Web

Set up Web databases


Using HTML

Hypertext markup

Language Write it, or

Use an Editor

Does not matter which

is used, but you have

to know it to fix it!


HTML Structure

<HTML> </HTML> Must be at beginning and end of the Web page

Head: <Head> </Head> Includes: Basic document info

Other HTML: <Title></Title> <Body BGCOLOR= “Beige”> <H1></H1> <P>


Finding Resources Effectively:Search Engines

A program that systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic Uses a key word or words as a query Several search engines are available Each search engine has its own database No search engine is best Uses Boolean (logical) operators Returns “hits” or documents once search has been

submitted


Search Tips

Use the Search button on the Internet Explorer Toolbar

Try multiple search engines on one query Be aware of logical operators

AND, OR, and NOT

Search on a concept: e.g., “first ladies” rather than “Eleanor Roosevelt”

Set Bookmarks/Favorites


Boolean Operators

Specify Boolean operatorsAnd - Includes all findings of both key words

Or - Looks for only one of the specified key words

Not - Allows you to exclude certain key words

Use multiple search engines

Read online help about search criteria used for a

particular search engine


Other Resources

Portals

Libraries

Online Magazines and

Journals

Miscellaneous Resources


Summary

The Internet is a network of networks URL is located in the Address Box Hypertext and hypermedia contain links to other

documents Connect through ISP or LAN Search Engines are the tools to find information Learn to use keywords for searching Use multiple search engines Searches are based on Boolean operators HTML


Questions?

Chapter 12

Documents

Transcript of Chapter 12