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TODAYS OBJECTIVES:
Identify the ways geography and climate shaped Greek life.
Explain the rise and development of Mycenaean civilization.
Describe how Homer and Greek myths contributed to early Greek culture.
Ch. 5:CLASSICAL GREECE
AGENDA: Please Begin your Warm-up Immediately !
WARM-UPBegin labeling your Map in packet, p. 16b INTRODUCTION to UNIT and Project I assignment
DISCUSSION of Section 1, Text p. 111 / Packet p. 4
DAILY QUIZ
NEXT ASSIGNMENT:
Read Chapter 5, Section 2 and complete p. 5 in packet
MANDATORY TEXTBOOK CHECK TOMORROW !
Todays Musical Selection:
Troy
2004 Movie Soundtrack
AKINS HIGH SCHOOL
Loessins
World History
Room 167
Tutorials: T-F 8:20-8:50
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GREECE
Crete
The Island of Crete in the time of the ancient Minoans (ancestors of the Greeks?)
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The Palace of Knossos was first
excavated in 1878 A.D. Covering20,000 sq. meters, this was the palatialcenter of the Minoan civilization anddates back to 1700 B.C.
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The most recognizablesymbol of Crete'spower: the bull. InKnossos' palace thereare many depictions ofbulls, including in the
sport of bull jumping.The most famousexample of the bullbeing used is theMinotaur, a powerfulhalf man half bull thatdevoured the flesh ofAthenian men.
< The painting on thispiece of potteryshows themythological endingof the Minoanspower. Here the hero,
Theseus, who wasaided by Ariadne,slays the half manhalf bull creature.Later in time, Athensbecame the premierpower.
< A disk with the MinoanCretan's writing. There werethree different types ofwriting that have beendiscovered: a hieroglyphicscript, Linear A, and Linear
B. The writing becamenecessary for trade and tokeep track of built up wealth.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Knossos_bull.jpghttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.htm&h=407&w=335&sz=15&tbnid=NnvaxG2EanQJ:&tbnh=121&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images?q=Torah&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=G8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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GREECE
Crete 1. What were three important featuresof Minoan culture on Crete?
A peaceful people, Sea-faring Traders (Mariners) Excelled in Art Mosaics and Frescoes Would have influence on Greece later Worshipped female goddesses women as priestesses Volcanic eruption / earthquakes ended their
civilization around 1200 B.C.
Minoan mosaic
The beautiful island of Santorina (Thera) today is actuallywhat remains of the volcanic crater that erupted and
caused the cataclysmic destruction.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.htm&h=407&w=335&sz=15&tbnid=NnvaxG2EanQJ:&tbnh=121&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images?q=Torah&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=Ghttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.htm&h=407&w=335&sz=15&tbnid=NnvaxG2EanQJ:&tbnh=121&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images?q=Torah&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=Ghttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.balaams-ass.com/alhaj/torah.htm&h=407&w=335&sz=15&tbnid=NnvaxG2EanQJ:&tbnh=121&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images?q=Torah&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=G8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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Bas relief depicting
Phoenician sea-traders
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2. How did the Phoeniciansspread their culture?
TRADE
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Byblos
Bible
Bibliography.
< the great library
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2. How did the Phoeniciansspread their culture?
TRADE3. Why were trade networks
so important?CULTURAL DIFFUSION
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1 Labeling Map
PELOPONNESUS
MAINLAND
CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
Mycenae .
Troy
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Ionian
Sea
WARM-UP: Beginlabeling your map of Greece !Enjoy the traditional Greek music!
Black
Sea
IONIA
Greek colonies
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
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The people of Greece do not call their country Greece !nor do they call themselves Greeks !
In their language their land is called S
In their language they are the
(Hellas)
(Hellenes)OS
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
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Students
BRAINSTORM:
What do you know about
the History
of the Olympics ?
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Model of the sanctuary of Olympia.
Originally part of a religious festival dedicated to theancient Greek god Zeus. Wars between the city-states were suspended so that athletes could compete.
The ancient Olympics were a total entertainment package for all who attendedwhere five days of sometimes brutal sports competition mixed with wild partying.
The new Christian Roman emperor Theodosius banned all pagan festivals. Christianswere oppossed to the Olympic Games a celebration of the human body, men coveredin olive oil running around naked, drinking, fornicating, the whole bit. The end cameas an incredible shock to the psyche of the ancient Greeks. They had assumed quitelogically that the games would go on forever a time every four years when men puttheir differences aside and came together in the fraternity of athletic competition.
TheDiscus Throwerwas originally a bronze work by the Greek sculptor Myron.The famous great work of marble that we all recognize today is a Roman copy.
The Olympicsbegan in 776 B.C.
The ancient games ended in 394 A.D.
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Baron Pierre de Coubertin
the man who inspired the
revival of the Olympic Games.
Commemorative medal
of the1896 Olympic Games
Little is ever mentioned about the many, many attempts of the Greeks to revive theOlympic Games, long before the birth of the Baron de Coubertin. Yet, it is Coubertin whois given credit. Coubertin was a French aristocrat who was only seven years old whenFrance was overrun by the Germans during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870.Coubertin attributed the defeat of France not to its military skills but rather to the French
soldiers lack of vigor. Coubertin decided it was exercise, more specifically sports, thatmade a well-rounded and vigorous person.And so he began his crusade to revive thegames. Many people truly contributed to the realization of the new Olympic Games.The 19th century structure of the worlds new national states was ideal now for thegradual acceptance of the Olympic Idea - a new national framework would replacethe old Greek city-state competition.
Linking the past.
The Olympicsare revived in 1896.
Finally, in 1896, the 1st International Olympic Games took place in Athens.A wealthy Greek architect, Georgios Averoff, donated one million drachmas(over $100,000) to restore the Panathenaic Stadium, originally built in 330 BCE
with white marble for the new 1896 Olympic Games.There were14 nations, with the largest delegationscoming from Greece, Germany, France and Great Britain.
On 6 April 1896, the American James Connollywon the triple jump to become
the first Olympic championin more than 1,500 years!
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Fireworks illuminate a dramatic performance at the
$27 billion dollar Sports Complex Olympic Stadium
during the closing ceremony of the
Athens 2004 Summer Olympic Games.
to the present ! The Greeks were thrilled to be able to host theOlympics once again this year in 2004.It gave them a chance to showcase
Athens, their capital,
and to teach the world history again.Throughout the games, television viewers all
over the world were reminded of where not
only the Olympics began but where indeed
it was
here our Western Civilization was born !!!
KODAK Olympic Journal
Summer Games in Athens 2004Medal countAthens 2004 Interactive Map
History
Timeline since
1896.
Linking the past.
http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/athens2004/index_uk.asphttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution_zoom_1.htmlhttp://www.empiremovies.com/movies/2004/troy.shtmlhttp://www.empiremovies.com/movies/2004/troy.shtmlhttp://www.empiremovies.com/movies/2004/troy.shtmlhttp://www.empiremovies.com/movies/2004/troy.shtmlhttp://www.empiremovies.com/movies/2004/troy.shtmlhttp://www.empiremovies.com/movies/2004/troy.shtmlhttp://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution_zoom_1.htmlhttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.mapsofworld.com/olympic-trivia/number-of-participants.htmlhttp://www.olympic.org/uk/games/athens2004/index_uk.asphttp://www.athens2004.com/en/OlympicMedals/medals8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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StudentsBRAINSTORM:
What else do you recall
as part of the historic
Legacy of The Greeks ?
Besides the Olympics, GREECE was the starting line
for many cultural achievements found in our society today.
Southwestern University students on a 1985 Study Abroad trip
stand on the original starting line for the Olympic footrace.
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The Legacy of
THE GREEKSto Western Civilization
DEMOCRACY
ARCHITECTURE
U.S. Supreme Court Building
U.S. Constitution
THEATER
SCULPTURE
p
SCIENCES
PHILOSOPHY
Pl ll P j I i !
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DATE DUE: _________________________
TASK OBJECTIVE:
The student will design a creative presentation thathighlights one individual or other subject chosen from the
Ancient, Classical, or Hellenistic periods in Greek history.
PRESENTATION Options*:
ART POSTER
(Full-zize posterboard with 2-page, 10 pt. Font, typed paper
attached or incorporated into the poster design.
See Criteria List for information to include in your
presentation. A list of Works Cited / Referenced in
preparing your assignment should also be attached.)
POWERPOINT
(Saved to 3.5 floppy or CD-Rom, the presentation must
include sufficient slides with appropriate graphics and
associated text to address fully the Criteria List.
A list of Works Cited / Referenced in preparing your
assignment should also be attached.)
Students may suggest other means of presenting
their subjectwebpage design, miniature model
of Greek temple or theater, plaster bust of a
Greek figure, etc. Prior approval must be
obtained from the instructor.
Tuesday, Sept. 28 !
See back of handout for List of Suggested Subjects !
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
Please pull out your Project I assignment !
PROJECT I
The Greeks
GREECE Ch 5 S i 1 T 111 P k t 4
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PELOPONNESUS
MAINLAND
CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
Mycenae .
Troy
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Ionian
Sea
Lets begin our first Objective
by examining the effect
geography had on the
development of ancient Greece.
Black
Sea
IONIA
Greek coloniesMarathon.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1Cultures of the Mountains & the Sea Text p. 111; Packet p. 4
GREECE Ch t 5 S ti 1 C l f h M & h S T t 111 P k t 4
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1Cultures of the Mountains & the Sea Text p. 111; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
1. Location around a seaProvided transportation links for the various regions of Greece.
Connected Greece to other societies/ civilizations through trade.
Greek fishermen.
See textbook map, p. 112
CAUSE EFFECT
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
Cruising around the coastlines of Greece today.
GREECE Ch t 5 S ti 1 C l f h M i & h S T t 111 P k t 4
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1Cultures of the Mountains & the Sea Text p. 111; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
1. Location around a seaProvided transportation links for the various regions of Greece.
Connected Greece to other societies/ civilizations through trade.
2. Rugged mountains
Made unification of Greek city-states difficult.
Therefore, Greek city-states would be proudly independent,
competitive, isolated societies. Made land transportation difficult.
The ruins of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi Greece.
CAUSE EFFECT
GREECE Ch t 5 S ti 1 C l f h M i & h S T t 111 P k t 4
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1Cultures of the Mountains & the Sea Text p. 111; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
1. Location around a seaProvided transportation links for the various regions of Greece.
Connected Greece to other societies/ civilizations through trade.
2. Rugged mountains
Made unification of Greek city-states difficult.
Therefore, Greek city-states would be proudly independent,
competitive, isolated societies. Made land transportation difficult.
3. Little fertile farmland Only 20% was arable (suitable for farming). Resulted in small
population whose diet was mainly grains, grapes, olives.Also, led to the need for colonies.
Picking and Pressing Olives
CAUSE EFFECT
GREECE: Ch t 5 S ti 1 C lt f th M t i & th S T t 111 Packet p 4
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PELOPONNESUS
MAINLAND
CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
Mycenae .
Troy
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Ionian
Sea
3. Little fertile farmland
led the Greeks to send their
people out to colonize elsewhere.
Black
Sea
IONIA
Greek colonies
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1Cultures of the Mountains & the Sea Text p. 111; Packet p. 4
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
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PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5 Section 1 C lt f th M t i & th S Text p 112; Packet p 4
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1 Cultures of the Mountains & the Sea Text p. 112; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
1. Location around a seaProvided transportation links for the various regions of Greece.
Connected Greece to other societies/ civilizations through trade.
2. Rugged mountains
Made unification of Greek city-states difficult.
Therefore, Greek city-states would be proudly independent,
competitive, isolated societies. Made land transportation difficult.
3. Little fertile farmland Only 20% was arable (suitable for farming). Resulted in small
population whose diet based on grains, grapes, olives. Also, led to
the need for colonies.
4. Moderate climate Greek life was centered around the outdoorstaking part in an
active civic life in city marketplaces, open-air Temples and
gymnasiums.
< Greece: the Land(Lands, Peoples &Cultures) availableat Amazon.com andyour library.
CAUSE EFFECT
Greece has a beautiful,moderate climate. A
constant 80 degreesFarenheit throughout thesummer makes it a
holiday destination forEuropeans and
international travelerseven today!
Read Text p 112; Myceaean Civilization Develops
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-The Mycenaeans were part of the Indo-European
migrations
- settled on Greek mainland ca. 2,000 B.C.
- Their leading city, Mycenae.
- Invaded Crete and finished off theMinoans.- From the Minoans they learned the importance
of becoming sea-borne traders.
- May have been the terrifying sea peoples?
mentioned in Egyptian records. (recall CH 4.)
- Preserved and assimilated elements of Minoan culture
into their own.
ReadText p. 112; Myceaean Civilization Develops
Mycenaean port
STOP!
When did the Mycenaean
Civilization flourish?
GREECE: Myceaean Civilization Develops Text p 113; Packet p 4
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GREECE: Myceaean Civilization Develops Text p. 113; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
5. Mycenaean invasionsMycenaeans adopted and spread Minoan culture through Greece,
including legends that would form the core of Greek religion,politics, and literature / myths.
CAUSE EFFECT
The Minoans on Crete designed mosaics of
seashells and painted beautiful frescoes on
the walls of their homes depicting their
daily life as well as myths about their gods.
The Mycenaeans invaded the Minoans and
adopted their same religious myths !
CRITICAL
THINKING:Can you describeanother such instance
of cultural diffusion
weve already
discussed one in
which the old
religious ideas of one
group were
assimilated into the
new religion.
Theseus slaying the Minotaur
is an example of a Greek myth that
originated with the Minoans on Crete.
Read about The Trojan War Text p 113
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Read about The Trojan War -Text p. 113
Was there really a Trojan War ?- For many years it was thought the legends found in
Homers epic, theIlliad, were fictional.
- In 1870, archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann
believes hediscovered the site.- Troy appears to have been destroyed
around 1200 B.C. by a war the city lost.
The hilltop excavation of Troyin todays northwestern Turkey.
The Trojan Horse story is still loved today
and coined the familiar saying,
Beware of Greeks bearing gifts.
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 1 The Trojan War Text p. 113
PELOPONNESUS
MAINLAND
CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
Myceneane .
Troy
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Ionian
Sea
Troy and the Mycenaeans were
competing for a crucial waterway
connecting the Mediterranean to
the Black Sea.
Black
Sea
DardanellesStrait
IONIA
Greek colonies
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
For all practical purposes, Appreciating Classic Literature
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p p p ,
Western literature begins with theIliad.
We still use expressions like Achilles heel,
Trojan horse, or
the face that launched a thousand ships,
all with roots in theIliador the mythic cycle onwhich it is based,
nearly 3,000 years after the poem was written.
And, at least in terms of the number of copies to
survive from antiquity,
the poems of Homer are second only to the Bible
in popularity.
Iliad means the story of Ilion,
the Greek name for Troy.
The epic poem has much more to say about
Achilles and Hector than it does about Troy.As the first word of the Greek text suggests
(Rage! Goddess, sing the rage of Peleuss son
Achilles), this poem has a lot to do with anger
that can consume and cripple an individual.
Honor, glory, and fate are also themes of this great
work of Western literature.
Rage!
Goddess, sing the rage
of Peleuss son
Achilles
Appreciating Classic Literature
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Myceaean Civilization Develops Text p 113; Packet p 4
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.html8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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GREECE: Myceaean Civilization Develops Text p. 113; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
5. Mycenaean invasionsMycenaeans adopted and spread Minoan culture through Greece,
including legends that would form the core of Greek religion,politics, and literature / myths.
CAUSE EFFECT
6. The Trojan War The wars story provided the basis for Greek legends and
Homers epics(Illiadand theOdyssey). The war may have
contributed to the collapse of Mycenaean civilization.
GREECE: Greek Culture Declines Under the Dorians Text p 113; Packet p. 4
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.html8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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GREECE: Greek Culture Declines Under the Dorians Text p. 113; Packet p. 4
A. How did each of the following effect the Greek civilizations
History and Culture
5. Mycenaean invasionsMycenaeans adopted and spread Minoan culture through Greece,
including legends that would form the core of Greek religion,politics, and literature / myths.
CAUSE EFFECT
6. The Trojan War The wars story provided the basis for Greek legends and
Homers epics(Illiadand the Odyssey). The war may have
contributed to the collapse of Mycenaean civilization.
7. Collapse of Mycenaeancivilization
STOP!Who invaded Mycenae
Greece around 1200-
1100 B.C.?
The Dorians
- Distant relatives of the Bronze-Age Greeks- Were they taking revenge on the Indo-European Mycenaeans
for invading their land centuries earlier?
-Spoke a dialect of Greek, but were far less advanced
than the Mycenaeans.
-Greeks appear to forget the art of writingThis is the Greek
Dark Agesno written records for 400 years (1150-750 B.C.)
Led to Greeces Dark Agesa decline in economy, trade, andeven writing. A period we know little about since no written
records were kept.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Epics of Homer / Greeks Create Myths Text p. 114; Packet p. 4
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.html8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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GREECE: Epics of Homer / Greeks Create Myths Text p. 114; Packet p. 4
B. Explain the significance of the epics ofHomer and myths in
ancient Greek culture.
During the Greeks Dark Ages, the story of the Trojan War was passed on through the
spoken word (oral tradition). According to Greek tradition, their greatest storyteller was a blind man named Homer.
Homers two greatest epic poems are theIliadand the Odyssey, both dealing with theTrojan War and are believed to have been written around 750-700 B.C.
Epicsare long, narrative poems that celebrate heroic deeds.
The heroes of theIliadare warriors: the fierce Greek, Achilles, and the courageous and
noble Hector of Troy. TheIliadgives us a good example of the Greek idea ofarte, meaning virtue and
excellence. A Greek could display this ideal on the battlefield, in combat, in politicallife, or in athletic contest.
The Odyssey concerns the adventures of Odysseus on his return home from defeatingthe Trojans.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Epics of Homer / Greeks Create Myths Text p. 114; Packet p. 4
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GREECE: Epics of Homer / Greeks Create Myths Text p. 114; Packet p. 4
B. Explain the significance of the epics ofHomer and myths in
ancient Greek culture.
The Greeks developed a rich set ofmyths~traditional stories of a
particular culture passed on for many years. The Greeks developed extensive myths about their gods. Like the religious
myths found in most cultures, the Greeks sought to understand the mysteries
of nature and the power of human passions. For example, myths explained
the changing of the seasons, the cause of lightening, etc.
Human qualities such as love, hate, and jealousy
were attributed to the Greek gods.
Artist conception of the 40 ft. statue of
Athena that once stood in the Parthenon(the Temple to Athena) in Athens.
The 40 ft. gold statue of Zeus in the Temple at Olympiawas one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Check it out
COOL WEBSITEShttp://www.mythweb.com/
also
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.html
Find other helpful websites
that could help you with your
PROJECT I
on the inside front cover
of your packet.
A visit to the Greek isles
http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/greek/articles.htmlhttp://www.theodora.com/maps/greece_map.htmlhttp://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution_zoom_1.htmlhttp://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution_zoom_1.htmlhttp://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution_zoom_1.htmlhttp://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/charters/constitution_zoom_1.htmlhttp://www.theodora.com/maps/greece_map.html8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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THE isles of Greece! the isles of Greece
Where burning Sappho loved and sung,
Where grew the arts of war and peace,
Where Delos rose, and Phoebus sprung!
Eternal summer gilds them yet,But all, except their sun, is set.
~ Lord Byron, 19th c.
Island of Santorini today
is anunforgettable experience
for all who get the chance.
The British poet Lord Byron
became such a Romanticfor this birthplace ofWestern Civilization
he joined the Greeks intheir nationalist revolution
against the Ottomansin the 19thc.
GREECE: Text p. 115, Rule and Order in Greek City States/ Handout,Identifying Terms
8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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p y y g
After the fall of the Mycenaean and Minoan civilizations,Greek culture retrogressed for 300 years into a period of Dark Ages.The invading Dorians were illiterate.
Cities were destroyed and plundered.
Eventually cities began to grow again. These cities were walled for protection. Each city-state was independent of each other.
I. VOCABULARYA. polisthe Greek city-state
It was a political unit,
and included the central city
and
surrounding countryside(which could include
numerous villages as well).
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Text p. 115, Rule and Order in Greek City States/ Handout,Identifying Terms
8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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I. VOCABULARYA. polisthe Greek city-state
It was a political unit,
and included the central city
andsurrounding countryside
(which could include
numerous villages as well).
The city state, or polis, was the dominant governmental structure of Ancient Greece.Describe:1. The poliswas small in size.
Athens was the largest, yet at its height had only 40,000 people.
2. Each polis had an acropolisa high point, where the governmental and religiousbuildings were constructed.
3. The market-place, or agora, was the meeting-place for most of the people andwas the economic center of the polis.
4. The surrounding farmland supported the large population inside the walled cities.
An aerial view today
of the acropolis inAthens, Greece.
B. acropolishigh point of
the polis, usually a
fortified hilltop, where
civic buildings werelocated.
C. agorathe marketplace
and economic center of
the polis.
Study the photo:What natural feature
can you detectthat made the old
city-state of Athens
easy to defend?
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Text p. 115, Rule and Order in Greek City States/ Handout,Identifying Terms
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I. VOCABULARYA. polisthe Greek city-state
It was a political unit,
and included the central city
and
surrounding countryside
(which could include
numerous villages as well).
EARLY LACK OF UNITY AMONG THE GREEK CITY-STATES
Explain why: Separated by barriers of sea and mountains, by local pride and jealousy,The independent city states never considered uniting their independent Greek-speakingcity-states into one single political unit. They formed alliances only when some otherpowerful city-state embarked on conquest and attempted to dominate over the rest.
LATER GREEKS WILL BECOME UNITEDExplain what influences led to eventual unity:
a common language, common religion, common literature, similar customs, the religious festivals, the Olympic Games
But even in times of foreign invasionit was difficult to induce the cities to act together.
As we will see tomorrow, the threat of the mightyPersian Empire would finally unite the Greekstogether against a common enemy
but not without persistent inner-squabbling!
B. acropolishigh point of
the polis, usually a
fortified hilltop, wherecivic buildings were
located.
C. agorathe marketplace
and economic center of
the polis.
GREECE: Text p. 117, Greek Political Structures/ Handout,Identifying Terms
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TYPES of GOVERNMENT
MONARCHY A state / nation ruled by a king or queen.
Rule is usually passed on in hereditary fashion.Some rulers in early times claimed Divine right
Mycenae had a monarchy (ca. 1450 B.C.)
ARISTOCRACY
State ruled by nobility (the land-owning families)
Rule is hereditary / based on land-ownershipSocial status / wealth support rulers authority
Athens had an aristocracy in its early history (594 B.C.)
OLIGARCHY
State ruled by a small group of elite citizens
Rule is based on wealth The ruling elite group controls the military
Sparta had an oligarchy (800-600 B.C.)
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: See chart in Textbook p. 117
Students,
All the Terms
on todays
handout from CH
5, Sec. 2will be on Fridays
MAJOR QUIZ !
GREECE: Text p. 115, A New Kind of Army Emerges/ Handout,Identifying Terms
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PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
THE IRON AGE BRINGS CHANGE
Iron, harder than bronze, but more importantly, cheaper!
This meant ordinary citizens could now arm themselves.
Citizen-soldierscomposed of merchants, artisans, small landowners
were now expected to defend the polis.
Hoplitesfoot soldiersstood side-by-side, holding a spear in one hand, shield in the other
formed the
Phalanxa fearsome battlefield formation of hoplite soldiers,The most powerful fighting force in the Ancient World.
The phalanx formation called for each man to trust his neighboring
infantryman, often times a relative, friend, or lover. With a shield in his
left hand and a spear in his right, each man depended on his fellowhoplite's shield for full body coverage. Battles were won and lost
depending on the phalanx's ability to hold its formation. Lined shoulder
to shoulder with approximately sixty-five pounds of armor, limited
vision and hearing, a hoplite's crucial duties required little tactical skill,
only to push forward and keep the line together. Outstanding valor rose
from a man's ability to keep his nerve amidst such confusion and
brutality. In such a scene, the outcome of the battle rested on fellow
soldiers love and trust for one another.
If there were only some way of contriving a
state or an army made up of lovers and theirloves, they would be the very best - fighting at
each other's side, willing to die for the love at
their side, they would be the most fearsome
army and one that could overcome the world.~ Plato, The Symposium
It was a sight equally awful and terrifying
when they marched in step
with the rhythm of the flute,
without any gap in their line of battle,
and with no confusion in their souls,
but calmly and cheerfully moving
with the strains of their hymn to their deadly fight.
~ Plutarch, Lycurgus 22.2-3
GREECE: Text p. 115, Tyrants Seize Power/ Handout,Identifying Terms
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PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
When no wars among city-states were being fought,
the armed and powerful citizen-soldiers
could become troublesome for city-state rulers.
Unemployed farmers and debt-ridden artisans
often joined in revolts against the nobility.
In such times arose leaders called tyrantspowerful individualswho gained control by appealing to the poor and discontented for
support.
As we have seen,
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the Greek city-states had various types of government
monarchy, aristocracy, oligarchy, and even tyranny (rule by tyrants).
But the two most powerful city-states
would find completely new ways to govern themselves.
Spartawould build a strict Military State
and
Athenswould create the worlds first Limited Democracy!
Athens
Sparta
PELOPONNESUS
Mediterranean Sea
Ionian
SeaMAINLAND
IONIA
Greek colonies
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2Sparta Builds a Military State Text p. 116; Packet p. 5
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A. Recognizing Facts and Details
Please have yourhomework,
Packet p. 5
Out on your desk
during our classdiscussions so that I
can eye it!
725B.C. Sparta conquers Messenia
When the Spartans realized they needed more
arable land they looked to the southwest to themore fertile soil of Messenia.
Helotswere Messenians who the Spartanshad conquered and brought back to Spartato do their work,treated like slaves, forced tobe tied for generations to a Spartan noblemanslands.
They worked the land around Sparta in orderfor the Spartan males to focus on their superiormilitary training.
The Peloponnesus region
SpartaMessenia .
Made them helotspeasants forced to workthe Spartan
landhad to turn over of all crops to the Spartans.
1. How did the Spartans treat the Messenians?
Students,
Think About It
What risk is there in
conquering an entire large
population of people,
forcing them to leave theirland and work your lands
instead?
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A. Recognizing Facts and Details
725B.C. Sparta conquers Messenia
The Messenian helots outnumbered the Spartans8 to 1.
Not surprisingly, they staged a revolt,one which the Spartans were just barelyable to put down.
Made them helotspeasants forced to workthe Spartan
landhad to turn over of all crops to the Spartans.
1. How did the Spartans treat the Messenians?
2.
600B.C. Spartans put down a revolt
by Messenians
3. What type of society did Sparta create in response
to the revolt? Sparta creates a tough, militaristic state.
Rigorous military training
was the life of the Spartan male
from the age of 7 to 60.
At age 20 males were allowed to marry
in order to procreate,
but the men continued to live in their own barrackswith one another.
At left: Illustration depicting the famous legend of the Spartan boy
who, being so disciplined, stood at attention before a superior while a
fox he had hid beneath his tunic chewed away at his stomach.
Video clip:
The History Channel
presents
The Spartans
The entire program
is available
from your instructor
for 2-day checkout.
The Greek historian Herodotus reportsthat
just before the Battle of Thermoplyae,a Spartan warrior named Dienekes was
told that the Persian archers couldblank out the sun
with their full volley of arrows.He replied
"Good, then we shall have ourbattle in the shade."
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An old man wandering aroundthe Olympic Games looking for a seat
was jeered at by the crowduntil he reached the seats of the Spartans,where every Spartan younger than him,
and some that were older,
stood up and offered him their seat.The crowd applauded and the old man
turned to them with a sigh, saying,"All Greeks know what is
honorable and right,but only the Spartans do it!"
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"Come back with your shield - or on it"was supposed to be
the parting cry of mothersto their sons.
According to the writer Plutarch,Mothers whose sons died in battle
openly rejoiced,mothers whose sons survived hung
their heads in shame.
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Asked why it was dishonorableto return without a shieldand not without a helmet,
the Spartan king, Demaratos,is said to have replied:
"Because the latter they put onfor their own protection, but the shield
for the common good of all."(Plutarch)
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2Athens Builds a Limited Democracy Text p. 117; Packet p. 5
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A. Recognizing Facts and Details
621B.C. Draco writes the first legal code. 2. What was the primary cause of conflict between
rich and poor in Athens?
In both outlook and values,
Athens constrasted sharply with Sparta.
An ambassador from the city-state of Corinth
once compared the Spartans to the Athenians
in a speech to the Spartan assembly.
He told the Spartans that they had the strongest
army in Greece, but they were too cautious.He also said that the Spartans
lacked imagination and curiosity.
Athenians, he said, were always eager to learn
new ideas because they had been educated to
think and act as free people.
Read Textbook, top of p. 117In contrast to Sparta,in Athens
and other Greek city-states
boys attended school from
about 714.
Boys learned arithmetic,reading, writing, and
memorized the heroic epic
poems of Homer.
Music, especially the lyre,
was also stressed.
Young men mastered the art of
Debating and, to prepare forbattle, took up wrestling or
other sports.
Wealthy parents frequently
made arrangements
to place their son
with an older male tutor
and these relationships
were often long-lasting.
In Athens,
girls didnt attend school
but a few fortunate ones
did have private tutors.
In general,
women focused their attention
on child-rearing,
weaving cloth
(as shown here),
preparing meals,
and managing the household.
But dont be fooled
Things were not always the life of leisure
in the more highly cultured Athens!
READ Textbook, p. 117: Political and Economic Reforms
When a group of peasants agreed to thwart the attempt of an Athenian nobleman
to establish a tyranny,
they demanded in return that the citys aristocrats write a code of laws for all the people.
They got more than they bargained for.
Dracos code was harsh and included the idea of debt slavery.
Today, we still call harsh or unfair laws draconian in our English language.
The poor wanted more political rights / power.
Debt slavery intensified the conflict.
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A. Recognizing Facts and Details
621B.C. Draco writes first legal code
for Athens.
2. What was the primary cause of conflict between
rich and poor in Athens?The poor wanted more political rights / power.
Debt slavery intensified the conflict.
594B.C. Solon chosen by aristocrats
to lead Athens.
4. What economic and political reforms did Solon initiate?He outlawed debt slavery, gave more power to
the peoples assembly, allowed all citizens to
bring legal suits, encouraged profitable trade.
546B.C. Pisistratus the Tyrant,seizes power in Athens.
5. How did Pisistratus gain the support of the poor?He provided money to the poor to buy farm stuff,
creating jobs by starting public building
programs to put the poor back to work.
508B.C. Cleisthenes introduces
political reforms in Athens.
6. What steps did Cleisthenes take to create a first
limited Democracy in Athens?Broke up the power of the nobility by reorganizing
the law assembly, allowing all citizens to submit
laws. He created the Council of 500.
These reforms allowed all Athenian citizens to participate in a limited democracy, though
only one-fifth of Athenian residents were classified as citizens (free, adult, males over 20.)
GREECE: See chart in Textbook p. 117 / Handout,Identifying Terms
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TYPES of GOVERNMENT
MONARCHY
A state / nation ruled by a king or queen.
Rule is usually passed on in hereditary fashion.Some rulers in early times claimed Divine right
Mycenae had a monarchy (ca. 1450 B.C.)
ARISTOCRACY
State ruled by nobility (the land-owning families)
Rule is hereditary / based on land-ownership
Social status / wealth support rulers authority
Athens had an aristocracy in its early history (594 B.C.)
OLIGARCHY
State ruled by a small group of elite citizens
Rule is based on wealth
The ruling elite group controls the military Sparta had an oligarchy (800-600 B.C.)
DIRECT DEMOCRACY
State ruled by its citizens
Rule is based on citizenship
Majority rule is method of decision-making Athens had the first such Democracy (461 B.C.)
Linking the Past to the Present
The United States of America
in the 18th c. A.D.
became the worlds
first Democracy
since the time of the
5th c. B.C. Athenians.
However, the United States has
what is known as
a Representative Democracy
since a direct democracy
was not feasible.
http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summaryhttp://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/compass/ixbin/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/hixclient.exe?_IXDB_=compass&_IXSR_=qg2&_IXSS_=_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXDB_=compass&%24+with+all_unique_id_index+is+%24=OBJ3083&_IXFIRST_=1&_IXMAXHITS_=1&_IXSPFX_=graphical/full/lg&_IXimg=k119761.jpg&submit-button=summary8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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TODAYS OBJECTIVES:
Identify the causes of the Persian Wars and major battles in this historic conflict.
Describe the Greek military method (hoplite phalanx)
Describe the consequences of the Persian Wars on the Greek homeland.
Ch. 5:CLASSICAL GREECE
Section 2: The Persian Wars
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 118; Packet p. 6
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I. CAUSESA. Greek colonies in Ionia (the coast of Asia Minor) are conquered by the Persians
B. Athens responds by sending aid to the colonistsships, soldiers, etc.to help
them rebel against Persias presence in the area.
C. King Darius of Persia defeats the rebels and vows to destroy Athens in revenge.
Athens Sparta
Ionian
Sea
Mediterranean Sea
.Byzantium
IONIA
Greek colonies
Persian Empire >>
Aegean Sea
Black
SeaMACEDONIA
Darius the Great
of Persia
THE PERSIAN THREAT
The Western World Feels
The Heat!!
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 118; Packet p. 6
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II. THE BATTLES
A. The Persian army larger and superior on land,
but the Greeks were masters of the Sea and
had the fearsome hoplite phalanx.B. The Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.)
25,000 Persiansvs. 10,000 Athenians
The light-armored Persians not familiar with
the hoplite style of warfare.
Persian
Navy
Greek Victory at Marathon
Persians lost 6,500; Athenians lost 192
Athenian army fighting at Marathon realizesPersian ships are now heading toward Athens,
which is defenseless in their absence.
Send Pheidippides, the Marathon runner
(about 26 miles) to warn the people of Athens
that althoughthe Athenian army was victorious at Marathon,
the Persian ships now heading to Athens.
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The Olympic footrace is shown.
Pheidippides had been the winner of this difficult Olympic event four times!
He was the perfect choice to make
the Marathon run to Athens,
telling the Athenian people, Rejoice, we conquer!
But prepare yourselves Athensfor Persian ships now head your way.
Linking the Past to the Present: Read about the Marathon today, Textbook p. 118
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 118; Packet p. 6
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II. THE BATTLES
A. The Persian army larger and superior on land,
but the Greeks were masters of the Sea and
had the fearsome hoplite phalanx.
B. The Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.)
25,000 Persiansvs. 10,000 Athenians
The light-armored Persians not familiar with
the hoplite style of warfare.
Persian
Navy
Greek Victory at Marathon
Persians lost 6,500; Athenians lost 192
Athenian army fighting at Marathon realizesPersian ships are now heading toward Athens,
which is defenseless in their absence.
Send Pheidippides, the Marathon runner
(about 26 miles) to warn the people of Athens
that althoughthe Athenian army was victorious at Marathon,
the Persian ships now heading to Athens.
Athenian Greeks arrive home to Athens
before Persian ships pull into harbor.
The Persians retreat! Show Video Clip
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 118; Packet p. 7
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II. THE BATTLES
C. The Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)
King Darius of Persia now dead, his son, Xerxes, attempts to crush the Greeks.
10 years after the amazing victory of the Athenians at Marathon, the Persians return !
See Textbook map, p. 119
Your Packet Map, p. 16b
10 years of planning an invasion of Greece that will avenge his fathers loss,Xerxes is certain his plan will work.
It will involve the largest army AND the largest naval fleet ever assembled up to that day.
The navy will sail along the coastline of the Aegean Sea
supplying the land army on its long march.
A huge bridge had to be constructed across the Hellespont .
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2: The Persian Wars
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CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Persian Army
Ionian
Sea
PERSIAN WARS in 480 B.C.
Major Battle Locations .
Black
Sea
.ByzantiumHellespontcrossing
IONIA
Greek coloniesMarathon.
Thermopylae.
Persian Navy
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Greeks are dividedsome want to stand against the enormous Persian army / fleet;others are bitter at Athens and think it is better to let Persia get its revenge on Athens
and be done with the matter.
Some Greeks even fought on the side of Persian army as it began marching down the
eastern coast of Greece toward Athens.
10 years after the amazing victory of the Athenians at Marathon, the Persians return !
II. THE BATTLES
C. The Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)
King Darius of Persia now dead, his son, Xerxes, attempts to crush the Greeks.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 118; Packet p. 7
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- Persian army comes to narrow mountain pass of Thermopylae and
are met by 7,000 Greeks; including 300 Spartans blocking the pass.
- 3-Day fight ends after a Greek traitor tells the Persians about
a secret path around the cliffs. A nightmare for the Greeks!
- The Spartan force alone held the pass, allowing their fellow Greek forces safe retreat.
The Spartans sacrificeall were killedmade a great impression on the Greeks.
10 years after the amazing victory of the Athenians at Marathon, the Persians return !
II. THE BATTLES
C. The Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)
Video Clip
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2: The Persian Wars
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CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Persian Army
Ionian
Sea
PERSIAN WARS in 480 B.C.
Major Battle Locations .
Black
Sea
.ByzantiumHellespontcrossing
IONIA
Greek colonies
Thermopylae.
Salamis .
Persian Navy
Persian Victory
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D. The Battle ofSalamis- Knowing the Persians are now on their way to Athens, the Athenians take action.
- Themistocles convinces the Athenians to evacuate their city and fight at sea.
- Greeks position themselves in a narrow channel near island of Salamis.
- Angry at finding the city empty, Xerxes burns Athens !
- Xerxes orders his ships to blockthe channel but the
large, bulky Persian ships get
trapped
and the Athenian navy
moves in for the kill !
______________________________
10 years after the amazing victory of the Athenians at Marathon, the Persians return !
II. THE BATTLES
C. The Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 119; Packet p. 8
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- The Greeks steer their fast-moving triremes around the large Greek vesselsdriving their battering rams into the Persian ships hulls.
Xerxes loses 1/3 of his fleet and orders retreat.
10 years after the amazing victory of the Athenians at Marathon, the Persians return !
II. THE BATTLES
C. The Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)
D. The Battle ofSalamis
Video Clip
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 119; Packet p. 8
10 f h i i f h A h i M h h P i !
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- The Greeks steer their fast-moving triremes around the large Greek vessels drivingtheir battering rams into the Persian ships hulls. Xerxes loses 1/3 of his fleet and
orders retreat.
10 years after the amazing victory of the Athenians at Marathon, the Persians return !
II. THE BATTLES
C. The Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.)
D. The Battle ofSalamis
- The Spartans continue the land battle in the north and
defeat the rest of the Persian army
at the Battle of Plataea.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2: The Persian Wars
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CRETE
CYCLADES
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Athens
Sparta
MACEDONIA
ASIA MINOR
(Anatolia)
Persian Army
Ionian
Sea
PERSIAN WARS in 480 B.C.
Major Battle Locations .
Black
Sea
.ByzantiumHellespont
crossing
IONIA
Greek colonies
Thermopylae.
Salamis .
Persian Navy
Persian Victory
Plataea .
Greek Victories
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GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 119; Packet p. 8
III THE CONSEQUENCES f h P i W
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A. Greeks now feel a sense of confidence and pride
B. Athens rises from the ashes to bask in glory of victory
and rebuild its city in a glorious fashion.C. Athens will lead the formation of an Alliance of the
Greek city-states called the Delian League
1. Athens collected dues from city-state members
2. Drove the Persians from remaining Greek areas
and promised to end any future threats3. Athens will build a powerful naval empire and now
uses it to dominate over the other Greek city-states.
Athens uses the proceeds from the dues to create the
costly building projects on the Acropolis (the Parthenon, etc.)
This led to resentment towards Athens among the other Greeks
UNIFIED THE GREEKS
for a short time!
Was a 40-foot tall
gold & ivory statue of Athena
really necessary, Athens?
III. THE CONSEQUENCES of the Persian Wars
Ch 5: CLASSICAL GREECE
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TODAYS OBJECTIVES:
Identify the three goals of Pericles for Athens.
Describe Greek styles in the arts.
Explain the major conflicts in the Peloponnesian War.
Ch. 5:CLASSICAL GREECE
Section 3: Greeces Golden Age
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age Text p. 120; Packet p. 8
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What was the sacrifice of Sparta?
What was the sacrifice of Athens?
How did each event help bring unity among the Greeks?
Athens even led the formation of the first Greek-alliance.
What was this organizations name?
What were its goals?
How were the goals supposed to be financed?
THE ANCIENT WORLD NEWSWinter, 480 B.C.
NEWS FLASH:
Sacrifice of Sparta & Athens Brings Victory for Greeks
and New Unity Among Them
Section 2 Recap:
EXPLAIN
THE MEANING
OF THIS
ANCIENT
NEWSPAPERSHEADLINE
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 2The Persian Wars Text p. 119; Packet p. 8
III THE CONSEQUENCES f th P i W
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A. Greeks now feel a sense of confidence and pride
B. Athens rises from the ashes to bask in glory of victory
and rebuild its city in a glorious fashion.C. Athens will lead the formation of an Alliance of the
Greek city-states called the Delian League
1. Athens collected dues from 140 city-state members
2. PURPOSE: Drive the Persians from remaining
Greek areas and promised to end any future threats3. Athens will build a powerful naval empire and now
uses it to dominate over the other Greek city-states.
Athens uses the proceeds from the dues to create the
costly building projects on the Acropolis (the Parthenon, etc.)
This led to resentment towards Athens among the other Greeks
UNIFIED THE GREEKS
for a short time!
Was a 40-foot tall
gold & ivory statue of Athena
really necessary, Athens?
III. THE CONSEQUENCES of the Persian Wars
140 Greek city-states paid dues into the Delian Leaguefor promises from Athens to rebuild its navy,
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p y,
to drive remaining Persian troops from Greek Ionia
and protect Greece from further Persian threat.
Athens does indeed rebuild its navybut now uses that mighty to dominate over the other Greek city-states.
This led to resentment.
Worse,
Athens also uses the proceeds from the dues to rebuild their own burned city.
creating the costly building projects on the Acropolis (the Parthenon, etc.)
As Athens constructs a Golden Age
of building construction
the other Greeks were stupefied and bitter!
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age Text p. 120; Packet p. 8
IV ATHENS GOLDEN AGE
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IV. ATHENS GOLDEN AGE
A. Achievements ofPericles
1. Strengthened the Athenian Democracy
The great Athenian leader Pericles
who rebuilt Athens from ashes, a
skilled politician, would hold on to
popular support for 32 years.
Read textbook,
History Makersp. 121
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
Textbook, p.
120: In what
way did Pericles
strengthen
Democracy?
2. Strengthened the Athenian Empire / Navy
3. Brought glory to Athens
Designed, along with the great sculptor Phidias,
the Parthenon; temple to Athena in Athens
Whats the story? Why does the
Parthenon stand in ruin today?
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age Text p. 121-122; Packet p. 8
IV ATHENS GOLDEN AGE
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IV. ATHENS GOLDEN AGE
B. GREEK ART
1. Classical Arta style that values
orderly arrangement of design, balance,
exact proportions, as well as an emphasis on realism
and the grace and beauty of the human body.
Sculptures of gods/goddesses or Greek athletes
idealized the human form.
http://www.crystalinks.com/greekart.html
The Greeks employed what is known in Geometry as
The Golden Mean
in the construction of the Parthenon.
PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins High School; Pre-A.P. World History
Life-size marble statue
ofApollo with his lyre.
The classical style
is still popular today.
Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age
Labeling Features of Classical Architecture Packet p. 16c
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BASE
COLUMN
CAPITAL
SHAFT
ENTABLATURE
FREIZE
METOPES
TRIGLYPHS
CORNICE
PEDIMENT
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Marble metope from the Parthenon freize
A fight between a human Lapith and a CentaurThe Acropolis, Athens, Greece, around 440 BC
It is only because of Pausanias' description that we knowthe details of the central subject of the East Pediment, formuch of this great sculpture was sadly destroyed in theprocess of making the Parthenon into a Christian church.But we can see the sun god leading his horse-drawnchariot out of Oceanos (the band of water that enclosesthe earth) into the sky across and over the group of gods
witnessing Athena's birth: the dawning of a new day.
METOPES
FREIZE
PEDIMENTVisitors to the British museum
in London today viewing the
famous Elgin marbles taken
from the Parthenon in Athens.
Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age
Labeling Features of Classical Architecture Packet p. 16c
http://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/showposter.php?id=alexander-poster.jpghttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htmhttp://alexander-the-great.co.uk/alexander-poster.htm8/4/2019 Ch5 the Greeks
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DORICThe oldest style.Sturdy with plain top.
Used in mainland Greeceand the colonies in
southern Italy and Sicily.
IONICThis style is thinner and more elegant.
Its capital is decorated with a scroll-like design.
This style was found in eastern Greece and the islands.
CORINTHIANThis later style was
seldom used inthe Greek world,but often seen onRoman temples.
Its capital is very elaborateand decorated withacanthus leaves.
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A very plain capital
indicates this is
an early Doric design.
The Erechtheum also sits on the
Athenian Acropolis. These
elaborate maidens used as column
supports are called Caryatids.
This style was quite rare.
Corinthian
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age Text p. 123; Packet p. 9
C GREEK DRAMA
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C. GREEK DRAMA
1. Greeks invented, built the first theaters
SKENE
ORCHESTRA /
STAGE
CHORUS
THEATRON
Today we still enjoy the 2 TYPES of DRAMA first written by the Greeks:
2. TRAGEDYa serious drama about themes like war, love,jealousy, betrayal, and untimely death.
Notable Greek Tragedy Playwrights:
Sophocles ~ Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex); Antigone
Euripides ~MedeaAeschylus
Often in Tragedies, a hero is brought down to a tragic end / fall
because of his excessive pride (such as thinking himself like a god / immortal, etc.)
This type ofpride / arrogance that led to a mans downfall is known as hubris.
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 3Greeces Golden Age Text p. 123; Packet p. 9
C GREEK DRAMA
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C. GREEK DRAMA
1. Greeks invented, built the first theaters
Today we still enjoy the 2 TYPES of DRAMA first written by the Greeks:
2. TRAGEDYa serious drama about themes like war, love,jealousy, betrayal, and untimely death.
3. COMEDYa type of dramatic production that contains humor.
Notable Greek Comedy Playwright:
Aristophanes ~ The Clouds; Lysistrata
Some comedies are satirehumor that pokes funat present-day subjects,
political scandals,
peoples customs, etc.
GREECE: Chapter 5, Section 3The Peloponnesian War Text p. 123; Packet p. 9
IV THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
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IV. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
A. CAUSES
The power and glory of Athens (paid for by the Delian League dues the city-states were beingforced to continue to pay to Athens,
even though the Persian threat was now over)
Athens arrogance led to much bitter resentment among the other Greeks.
Men talk politics in
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