Cereal Science and Technology in Cereal Science and Technology in Today’s Academic and Industrial Today’s Academic and Industrial
Environments: Environments: Case of the KU Leuven Laboratory of Case of the KU Leuven Laboratory of
Food ChemistryFood Chemistry Professor Jan A. Delcour and colleagues, Professor Jan A. Delcour and colleagues,
K.U.Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, BelgiumK.U.Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
OverviewOverview
Importance of the Cereal Sector Importance of the Cereal Sector
The Laboratory of Food ChemistryThe Laboratory of Food Chemistry
Patenting Contributes to the Patenting Contributes to the
MissionMission
Importance of the Cereal Importance of the Cereal SectorSector
Cereals for feed and foodCereals for feed and food
Wheat, rice, barley, oats, rye Wheat, rice, barley, oats, rye
Bread, pasta, beer, biscuits, cakesBread, pasta, beer, biscuits, cakes
Wheat processing (sugar syrups) Wheat processing (sugar syrups)
Major Industrial Major Industrial Players/PartnersPlayers/Partners
Recent PastRecent PastPuratosPuratos
CurrentCurrent
AmylumAmylum CargillCargill Cerealia Cerealia
Danisco-CultorDanisco-Cultor Master Foods Master Foods
Procter & GambleProcter & Gamble MenebaMeneba
Remy Remy SedamylSedamyl VamixVamix
Mission Lab of Food Chemistry Mission Lab of Food Chemistry To fulfill a role in society byTo fulfill a role in society by
1/ generating and communicating basic insights1/ generating and communicating basic insights
into the starch, nonstarch polysaccharide, and storage and physiologically active protein constituents of cereals into the starch, nonstarch polysaccharide, and storage and physiologically active protein constituents of cereals
2/ applying and valorizing such insights2/ applying and valorizing such insights
with the aim to understand and improve processing and/or final product quality in biotechnological processes where cereals are usedwith the aim to understand and improve processing and/or final product quality in biotechnological processes where cereals are used
Research ActivitiesResearch ActivitiesCONSTITUENT CEREAL PRODUCT APPLICATIONS
NONSTARCH
POLYSACCHARIDES
Wheat, rye, barley, durum wheat,maize
Bread, malt, pastaFrozen doughs
STARCH Wheat, durum wheat, rice Bread, pasta, parboiled riceFood starches
STORAGE
PROTEINS
Wheat Bread, gluten/starch separation
PROTEASES AND
THEIR INHBITORS
Wheat, rye, barley Bread, malt
ENDOXYLANASES
AND THEIR
INHIBITORS
Wheat, rye, barley, durum wheat Bread, malt, pasta
CEREAL AND
MICROBIAL
BETAGLUCANASES
Wheat, barley Malt
Funding Sources and StaffFunding Sources and Staff 1/ Public funds: staff: 201/ Public funds: staff: 20 Basic componentBasic component
- - Backbone: Backbone: University : 5 positionsUniversity : 5 positions- Competitive research positions: - Competitive research positions: University: 4; University: 4; National/regional agencies: 9; EU: 2National/regional agencies: 9; EU: 2
2/ Industry funds: staff: 202/ Industry funds: staff: 20
Applied/valorization componentApplied/valorization component
Major Fund Sources 2001Major Fund Sources 2001
Government, EU and UniversityGovernment, EU and University KUL staff: 5KUL staff: 5 Competitive research positions: 15Competitive research positions: 15 Bench fees: ca EURO 270,000Bench fees: ca EURO 270,000
IndustryIndustry Positions: 21 Positions: 21 bench fees: ca EURO 330,000bench fees: ca EURO 330,000
Total budget ca EURO 2,350,000Total budget ca EURO 2,350,000
Laboratory of Food ChemistryLaboratory of Food Chemistry
Permanent StaffPermanent Staff
Dr J DelcourDr J Delcour
TemporaryTemporary Post doctoral StaffPost doctoral StaffDr C Courtin Dr C Courtin Dr W DebyserDr W Debyser Dr A-M Loosveld Dr A-M Loosveld Dr W VeraverbekeDr W Veraverbeke
Research Assistants - PhD StudentsResearch Assistants - PhD Students
ir K Brijsir K Brijs ir F Delvaux ir F Delvaux ir G Depaepe ir G Depaepe ir V Deryckeir V Deryckelic K Fierenslic K Fierens ir S Frederix ir S Frederix ir K Gebruers ir K Gebruers ir G Geldersir G Geldersir H Goesaertir H Goesaert ir W Gysir W Gys ir J Ingelbrechtir J Ingelbrecht ir C Maesir C Maesir K Moersir K Moers ir I Troghir I Trogh ir G Vandeputte ir G Vandeputte ir I Verbruggenir I Verbruggen
ir R Vermeylenir R Vermeylen
Administrative and Technical StaffAdministrative and Technical Staff
K Bosmans K Bosmans C Jordens C Jordens K MélotteK Mélotte H Van Den H Van Den BroeckBroeckB VangeneugdenB Vangeneugden L Van Den Ende L Van Den Ende
Microbial Malting TechnologyMicrobial Malting Technology
Permanent StaffPermanent Staff
Dr J DelcourDr J Delcour Dr C MichielsDr C Michiels
Project LeadersProject Leaders
ir I Noots ir I Noots (ing R. Delrue) (ing R. Delrue)
Research AssistantsResearch Assistants
ing K De Bie ing K De Bie ir C Garciair C Garcia ir T Verwimpir T Verwimp lic M Vandeynse lic M Vandeynse
lic I Vanderhoeven lic I Vanderhoeven ir S Vynckir S Vynck
Administrative and Technical StaffAdministrative and Technical Staff
K CornelisK Cornelis S FondeckS Fondeck C JordensC Jordens L L SchuytenSchuyten
Laboratory Facilities & Laboratory Facilities & ExpertiseExpertise
Laboratory FacilitiesLaboratory Facilities
* Micro Malting Units (1 - 10 kg)* Micro Malting Units (1 - 10 kg) * Milling Units (1-25 * Milling Units (1-25 kg)kg)
* Bread Making Unit (10 - 100 g) * Bread Making Unit (10 - 100 g) * Extruder (1- 5 kg)* Extruder (1- 5 kg) * Differential Scanning Calorimeters* Differential Scanning Calorimeters * Rapid Visco * Rapid Visco
AnalyzerAnalyzer * Brabender (High Pressure) Viscographs* Brabender (High Pressure) Viscographs * Bruker NMR* Bruker NMR * Kofler Hot Stage* Kofler Hot Stage * Brabender * Brabender
FarinographFarinograph * Stable Microsystems TA-TX2* Stable Microsystems TA-TX2 * Mixograph * Mixograph * Phast systems * Phast systems * FPLC/Akta Systems* FPLC/Akta Systems * HPLC System* HPLC System * HPAEC System* HPAEC System * Gas Chromatography Systems * Gas Chromatography Systems
Laboratory Facilities & Laboratory Facilities & ExpertiseExpertise
ExpertiseExpertise
* Protein Isolation and Purification* Protein Isolation and Purification * 1-D Gel Electrophoresis and iso-Electric Focussing of Proteins* 1-D Gel Electrophoresis and iso-Electric Focussing of Proteins * Dough Rheology* Dough Rheology * Physico-chemical Properties of Starch * Physico-chemical Properties of Starch * Viscosimetry* Viscosimetry * Nonstarch Polysaccharide Structures and Composition * Nonstarch Polysaccharide Structures and Composition * Cereal Processing* Cereal Processing * Chemical Analysis of Foods* Chemical Analysis of Foods * Patenting* Patenting
ChallengeChallengeTo create an environment whereTo create an environment where
– both the basic and applied component are well developped both the basic and applied component are well developped
– an efficient transfer of technology is brought into practicean efficient transfer of technology is brought into practice
– a good team spirit is presenta good team spirit is present
Classic Technology Transfer Classic Technology Transfer CycleCycle
Published resultsPublished results
Public fundingPublic funding
Research projectResearch project
University benefitUniversity benefit
Private fundingPrivate funding
Unpublished resultsUnpublished results
Industry benefitIndustry benefit
Win-Win Transfer CycleWin-Win Transfer Cycle
IncentivesPublic funding
Private fundingIntellectual property
Research project
Win - win: joint university - industry benefit
Published results Royalty streams
Experience with Patents...Experience with Patents...
J.A. Delcour, R.C. Hoseney, Rye Extract J.A. Delcour, R.C. Hoseney, Rye Extract Breadmaking Additives …., US 5,658,606. Breadmaking Additives …., US 5,658,606.
G. Cleemput, J.A. Delcour, M. Hessing, Wheat NSP G. Cleemput, J.A. Delcour, M. Hessing, Wheat NSP Hydrolysing Enzymes, WO 9709423.Hydrolysing Enzymes, WO 9709423.
T. Coppens, J.A. Delcour, D. Iserentant, Process T. Coppens, J.A. Delcour, D. Iserentant, Process for the Production of Malt, EP 0918844, WO for the Production of Malt, EP 0918844, WO 9849278.9849278.
W. Debyser, J.A. Delcour, Inhibitors of Xylanolytic W. Debyser, J.A. Delcour, Inhibitors of Xylanolytic and Glucanolytic Enzymes, WO 9849278, EP and Glucanolytic Enzymes, WO 9849278, EP 09967090996709..
The TAXI Case…The TAXI Case…
– TTriticum riticum aaestivumestivum XXylanase ylanase IInhibitorsnhibitors
- Introduction - Introduction
- Initial evidence, further work- Initial evidence, further work
- Conclusions- Conclusions
- Patenting and literature- Patenting and literature
- Negotiation of transfer- Negotiation of transfer
O
O
OO
OHH3CO
OO
O
O
OOO
OO
O
OO
OO
OO
OO
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OO
OO
OO
O
TAXI: Arabinoxylan structureTAXI: Arabinoxylan structure
non starch cereal cell wall non starch cereal cell wall polysaccharidespolysaccharides
hydrolysed by endoxylanaseshydrolysed by endoxylanases
D-xylopyranosyl residues L-arabinofuranosyl residues Ferulic acid residues
TAXI: Initial EvidenceTAXI: Initial Evidence
1. Arabinoxylan solubilisation during 1. Arabinoxylan solubilisation during brewingbrewing– Pilsner type beers (100% barley malt)Pilsner type beers (100% barley malt)– Belgian wheat beers (60% barley malt, 40% Belgian wheat beers (60% barley malt, 40%
unmalted wheat)unmalted wheat)
2. 2. Inhibition of barley malt xylanolytic Inhibition of barley malt xylanolytic enzymes by wheat extractsenzymes by wheat extracts
TAXI: Further WorkTAXI: Further Work
1. Protein purification and 1. Protein purification and characterisationcharacterisation
2. Determination of inhibition patterns2. Determination of inhibition patterns
TAXI: ConclusionsTAXI: Conclusions
TAXI : TAXI : – molecular weight 40,000molecular weight 40,000– pI 8.8pI 8.8– two molecular formstwo molecular forms– does not inhibit all endoxylanasesdoes not inhibit all endoxylanases– impact on breadmakingimpact on breadmaking
A. Control (50.2 1.5 cc)B. Control + TAXI (46.3 1.0 cc)C. Control + A. niger Xylanase (60.0 1.7 cc) D. Control + TAXI + A. niger Xylanase (50.8 1.2 cc)
A B C D
TAXI: ConclusionsTAXI: Conclusions
Importance in cereal processingImportance in cereal processing– malting & brewingmalting & brewing– breadmakingbreadmaking
Function ?Function ?– Endogenous endoxylanasesEndogenous endoxylanases
germinationgermination
– Exogenous endoxylanasesExogenous endoxylanases plant defenceplant defence
TAXI: Patenting and LiteratureTAXI: Patenting and LiteratureDebyser, W., Delcour, J.A., WO98/49278, filed 1997:Debyser, W., Delcour, J.A., WO98/49278, filed 1997:
concept and structure of xylanase inhibitors (TAXI type)concept and structure of xylanase inhibitors (TAXI type)
Hessing, M., Happe, R.P., EP 0979830, filed 1998: structure of a non-TAXI endo-xylanase inhibitorHessing, M., Happe, R.P., EP 0979830, filed 1998: structure of a non-TAXI endo-xylanase inhibitor
Debyser, W., Delcour, J.A., WO98/49278, filed 1997, published 1998Debyser, W., Delcour, J.A., WO98/49278, filed 1997, published 1998
Sibbesen, O., Soerensen, J.F., WO00/39289, filed 1998: structure of TAXI inhibitorSibbesen, O., Soerensen, J.F., WO00/39289, filed 1998: structure of TAXI inhibitor
Hessing, M., Happe, R.P., EP 0979830, filed 1998, published 2000 Hessing, M., Happe, R.P., EP 0979830, filed 1998, published 2000
TAXI: PatentsTAXI: Patents-- Debyser, W., Delcour, J.A., Gebruers, K., Goesaert, H., European Debyser, W., Delcour, J.A., Gebruers, K., Goesaert, H., European
patent, filed 2000 : structure of TAXI and HVXI inhibitorspatent, filed 2000 : structure of TAXI and HVXI inhibitors
- Sibbesen, O., Soerensen, J.F., WO00/39289, filed 1998, published 2000- Sibbesen, O., Soerensen, J.F., WO00/39289, filed 1998, published 2000
To patent or not to patent…To patent or not to patent…
Difficulties encountered in patentingDifficulties encountered in patenting
– Different languageDifferent language– ExpensiveExpensive– Time consuming effortTime consuming effort– Not sufficiently appreciated internallyNot sufficiently appreciated internally
ToTo patent or not to patent… patent or not to patent…
Negotiation of transferNegotiation of transfer
– Difficult to find partnersDifficult to find partners– Tough negotiationsTough negotiations– Difficult to correctly estimate the value (lump Difficult to correctly estimate the value (lump
sum, research funds, royalty rates)sum, research funds, royalty rates)
To patent or not to patent…To patent or not to patent…
The bright side… The bright side…
– Rewarding intellectuallyRewarding intellectually– Way to increase research funds Way to increase research funds – Brings a research group into the picture as an Brings a research group into the picture as an
interesting partner for collaboration interesting partner for collaboration – Allows to move towards win-win cycles of Allows to move towards win-win cycles of
transfer of technology transfer of technology
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