MethodsThe 360proposed new (baseline & Monitoring) large
scale methodologies sent to the Executive Board(Resubmitted
methodologies are only counted once, CCS methodologies not
included)Table 3:The Pipeline was produced by Jrgen Fenhann, UNEP
Ris Centre, 1 October 2013, [email protected], Phone
(+45)40202789InitialDaysNumberNumberTable 1:Open
commentDecisionDays toDecisionDays to decisionRejectionApprovalPer
roundCumulativeRoundMeth. No.TypeDescriptionAM/ACM GHG
reduction/yrHost countryCredit buyerConsultantTitledate1.
Mark1.Mark1. MarkEnd markEnd markEnd
markRoundaverageaverageaverageSubmittedAC/ withdrawnPendingAC/
withdrawnPending11Biomass energyBagasse powerAM1540
ktCO2Braziln.a.ECONERGY BrasilVale Do Rosrio bagasse
cogeneration15-Apr-03B8-Jun-0354A28-Nov-03227154542191468068012FugitiveFuel
switch from coke to charcoal in steel works (=NM29=NM104=NM278)384
ktCO2BrazilIFC-Netherlands & JapanEcoSecuritiesV&M Do
Brazil avoided fuel switch
project15-Apr-03C8-Jun-035426161141211079013CO2 recyclingCO2 from
NH3 production used in methanol prod.229 ktCO2Trinidad &
TobagoGermanyHamburg Inst. of Int. EconomicsM5000 plant in Republic
of TrinidAB and
Tobago15-Apr-03C8-Jun-0354317666825954101110014LandfillLandfill gas
flaringAM2ca. 800 ktCO2Braziln.a.ICF Consulting UKSalvABor Da Bahia
landfill gas
project15-Apr-03B8-Jun-0354A29-Jul-031054218344308148601916015LandfillLandfill
gas electricityAM3ca. 300 ktCO2BrazilWB NCDFEcosecuritiesNovaGerar
landfill gas to energy
project15-Apr-03B8-Jun-0354A17-Oct-03185525121742298102717016HydroHydro
Power144 ktCO2GuatamalaPCFHernan GarciaGuatamala El CanABa
Hydroelectric
project15-Apr-03C8-Jun-03546200202351115603223017HFCsBurning HFC23
from HCFC22 productionAM11400 ktCO2South KoreaJapanClimate Experts
Ltd.HFCs decomposition project in
Ulsan15-Apr-03B8-Jun-0354A29-Jul-03105719517925092703430018HydroHydro
Power100 ktCO2Costa RicaCERUPTCosta Rica Institute of
ElectricityPeas Blancas hydroelectric
project15-Apr-03C8-Jun-035482092263602091104341019Biomass
energyRice husk power plant (el + steam + cement)400
ktCO2Thailandn.a.Mitsubishi SecuritiesA.T. Biopower rice husk power
project15-Apr-03C8-Jun-035491661362171798052490110LandfillLandfill
gas electricityAM10400 ktCO2South AfricaPCFPCFDurban, South Africa
landfill gas to
electricity15-Apr-03B8-Jun-0354A17-Oct-03185101512263631367058560111Biomass
energyBagasse Power100 ktCO2Indian.a.SCM Sugars Limited (India)26
MW bagasse/Biomass cogenerationpower project ,
Koppa15-Apr-03C8-Jun-0354Average
time:111822693841028060640112WindWind farmACM253
ktCO2JamaicaCERUPTEcoSecuritiesWigton wind farm
project15-Apr-03B8-Jun-0354Con3-Sep-04507Initial5412176329226734063680114Biomass
energyRice husk power plant (Combined with NM9)400
ktCO2Thailandn.a.Mitsubishi SecuritiesA.T. Biopower rice husk power
project15-Apr-03C8-Jun-0354Rejection54131562933681156068740115Biomass
energyRice husk power plant (Combined with NM9)400
ktCO2Thailandn.a.Mitsubishi SecuritiesA.T. Biopower rice husk power
project15-Apr-03C8-Jun-0354Approval21914205316249231211080850213Biogas0,65
MW biogas power from palm oil waste water27 ktCO2MalaysiaJapanEX
Corporation, JapanFELDA Lepar Hilir palm oil mill, biogas project
in
Malaysia29-May-03C29-Jul-0361Initial61152282123771578087930216Fuel
switchFuel switch from coal to natural gasAM8/ACM918
ktCO2ChileJapan (J-Power)MGM InternationalGraneros plant fuel
switching
project29-May-03B29-Jul-0361A17-Oct-03141Rejection61161761523459270891000317EE
industryEfficiency improvement of steam use at refineryAM17100
ktCO2Chinan.a.ArmstrongSteam system efficiency improvement in
refineris in Fushun,
China16-Jul-03B26-Mar-04254A3-Dec-04506Approval1411718016436710370921070318EE
supply sideNew cogeneration industrial plant using natural
gasAM14115 ktCO2ChileJapan (J-Power)MGM InternationalMetrogas
package cogeneration
project16-Jul-03B26-Mar-04254A3-Sep-044151817619123021101101021180319Biomass
energyRice husk power plant (only electricity, =NM9)AM4400
ktCO2Thailandn.a.Mitsubishi SecuritiesA.T. Biopower rice husk power
project10-Sep-03A17-Oct-0337Initial1761927027027085301071210320HydroHydro
Power (=NM125)70 ktCO2ColombiaJapan (J-Power)MGM InternationalLa
Vuelta and La Herradura hydroelectric
project16-Jul-03B26-Mar-04254C14-May-05668Rejection66820337307379125611121271321LandfillLandfill
gas power for on site usageAM1170 ktCO2BrazilCERUPTONYXCERUPT
methodology for landfill gas
recovery10-Sep-03A28-Nov-0379Approval25921341261461104601161331422BiogasBiogas
power from swine manureAM690 ktCO2ChileCanadaPoch Ambiental, Chile
CH4 capture and combustion from swine manure treatment at
Peralillo10-Sep-03B26-Mar-04198A14-Jun-0427822223191273104601201391423HydroHydro
powerAM5 70 ktCO2MexicoPCFPCFEl Gallo hydroelectric project (
1000050.0%2020 CERs from existing higher efficiency coal
power200Registered, CER issued2466Total11037100.0%2020 CERs from
existing hydro power projects > 20 MW1300Table 11:Total
registered7289TotalAdditionsTotal number of different
projects11037Table10:TypeNumberSep-12How the project types are
defined in the PipelineReplaced PDDs1054CDMAfforestation &
Reforestation700According to LULUCF rulesTotal PDDs
submitted12091TypenumberCERs/yr (000) 2012 CERs (000)CERs Issued
(000)Agriculture20Irrigation, alternative fertilizers, rice crop
CH4 (Biogas under methane
avoidance)Wind260430%23815519%28667012%13792910%Biomass
energy8474New plant using biomass or existing ones changing from
fossil to biomass, also biofuelsChart
2a:Hydro228626%32545427%36585015%17609913%Cement300Projects where
lime in the cement is replaced by other materials, or
neutralization with lime is avoided.Table 2:X-axisIssuanceNumber
ofBiomass energy84710%573545%1323366%379023%CO2 capture30Recovered
CO2 from tail gas substituting fossil fuels for production of
CO2CDM projects in the pipeline Expected issuance from CDM projects
in PipelineCDM project with CERs issued Chart 2:for
graphdelayprojectsMethane avoidance7358%312903%828083%176751%Coal
bed/mine methane1060CH4 is collected from coal mines or coal beds.
This includes Ventilation Air methane (VAM)Type (rejected projects
excluded)Projects1000 CERs2012 kCERs
: 1 kCER= 1000 CER2020 kCERs
Jrgen Fenhann: These numbers include the 2012 kCERs2030 kCERs
Jrgen Fenhann: These numbers include the 2012 kCERsProjects
: This is the number of CDM projects that have got CERs
issued.Issued kCERsIssuance success
: The issuance success is the CERs issued devided by the CERs
expected for the same period of time.(months)EE own
generation4275%548704%1548757%638665%Energy
distribution280Reduction in losses in transmission/distribution of
electricity/distric heat, Country
interconnectionAfforestation1362041699074156122423-26%Issuance3
0-6266Landfill gas4205%615965%1795118%491624%EE
Households1041Energy Efficiency improvements in domestic houses and
appliancesAgriculture258255121088success9
6-121556Solar4084.6%134921.1%43510.2%9880.07%EE Industry1470End-use
Energy Efficiency improvements in industry Biomass
energy847573541323365526989010752293790276%0%-20%8015 12-18915EE
Industry1471.7%58060%119161%22340.2%EE own generation4270Waste heat
or waste gas used for electricity production in
industryCement30501722333478195453212302448%20%-40%19821
18-24412Fossil fuel switch1441.6%742196%1396956%490914%EE
Service410Energy Efficiency improvements in buildings and
appliances in public & private seviceCO2
usage38015577995111031%40%-60%32127 24-30320EE Supply side (power
plants)1221.4%612255%339211%30830.2%EE Supply side1220More
efficient power plants producing electricity and district heat,
Coal Field Fire ExtinguishingCoal bed/mine
methane1066873992083635032948720342971162%60%-80%55633
30-36321N2O1081.2%576345%24991711%25935619%Fossil fuel
switch1440Switch from one fossil fuel to another fossil fuel
(including new natural gas power plants)Energy
distribution281026783399161010795451501126%80%-100%80839
36-42106Coal bed/mine
methane1061.2%687396%920834%297112.1%Fugitive580Recovery in stead
of flaring of CH4 from oil wells, gas pipeline leaks, charcoal
production, fires in coal pilesEE
households104391737253469946647823860%100%-120%35345 42-4890EE
Households1041.2%39170.3%37250.2%2380%Geothermal350Geothermal
energyEE industry147580611916513176486333223483%>120%15051
48-54112Afforestation &
Reforestation700.8%50830.4%202790.9%103281%HFCs230HFC-23
destructionEE own
generation427548701548755390446590221516386679%Total number246657
54-6083Fugitive580.7%463524%734203%191771.4%Hydro22868New hydro
power plantsEE service41195158815837219371963%63 60-6648EE
Service410.5%19510.16%5880.02%90%Landfill gas4200Collection of
landfill gas, composting of MSW, or incinerating of the waste in
stead of landfillingEE supply
side122612253392148210366974413308359%69
66-7257Transport370.4%50600.4%61680.3%10290.1%Methane
avoidance7350Projects producing biogas from manure, waste water,
industrial solid wastem Palm oil solid waste, or avoid CH4 by
compostiong or aerobic treatmentFossil fuel
switch144742191396957065581046854494909160%75
72-7865Geothermal350.4%124011.0%129571%70410.5%Mixed
renewables100One PDD both contains e.g.solar and wind
installationsFugitive 584635273420416368509691121917786%81
78-8451Cement300.3%50170%223331%30240.2%N2O1080Reduction of N2O
from production of nitric acid, adipic acid,
caprolactamGeothermal351240112957879292030979704184%87
84-9026Energy distrib.280.3%102671%83390%15010%PFCs and
SF6180Reduction of emissions of PFCs and SF6HFCs2381334
: Global emission in 2000 = 96
MtCO24736541078064158412719513282108%93
90-966HFCs230.3%813347%47365420%51328237%Solar4083Solar PV, solar
water heating, solar
cookingHydro22863254543658502670872543613274117609987%99
96-1023PFCs and SF6180.2%55400%114550.5%43800.3%Tidal10Tidal
powerLandfill gas420615961795116217089749211334916249%Total
number4437Mixed
renewables100.11%5530.0%1160.00%160%Transport370More efficient
transportMethane
avoidance73531290828083023034265602001767554%Average for all
registered projects without issuance:15.0CO2
usage30.03%800.0%1550.01%100.001%Wind26045Wind powerMixed
renewables105531164503990821657%66420Tidal10.01%3150.0%4740.02%4330%Total881421N2O10857634
: Global emission in 2000: 154
MtCO2249917709872112340457259356114%Issuance to PoAsAverage for all
registered projects with
issuance:9395422.7Agriculture20.02%580.0%250%00%HFC & N2O
reduction1490 HFCs + PFCs + SF6, +N2OPFCs and
SF61855401145553940612508438080%ProjectsIssued
kCERsTotal8814100%1227765100%2367621100%1387563100%Renewables619120Biomass
energy + geothermal + hydro +solar + tidal +
windReforestation5744631611052169100734169905156%458.401HFCs, PFCs,
SF& & N2O reduction1491.7%14450812%73502731%77701856%CH4
reduction & Cement & Coal mine/bed13540Agriculture + cement
+ coal bed/mine + fugitive + landfill gas +
Solar40813492435110624520894926988111%Renewables619170%64772553%80275434%36040826%Supply-side
EE5770EE supply side+ EE own generation+Energy
distributionTidal131547430006156143378%CH4 reduction & Cement
& Coal mine/bed135415%21313217%45033419%1187598.6%Fuel
switch1440Fossil fuel
switchTransport375060616846525839096102936%Supply-side
EE5777%12636310%1971358%684494.9%Demand-side EE2921EE households+EE
industry+ EE
serviceWind26042381552866702126352418922669813792981%Fuel
switch1441.6%742196.0%1396955.9%490913.5%Afforestation &
Reforestation700Afforestation +
reforestationTotal88141227765236762111446931194570612466138756390.7%Demand-side
EE2923.3%116741.0%162300.7%24810.2%Transport370More efficient
transport,biofuels are under biomassenergyProjects with negative or
teminated validations by DOEs or rejected by EB or withdrawn or
replaced are not included.Afforestation &
Reforestation700.8%50830.4%202790.9%103281% Average number of days
from registration until the date of first issuance:681daysAverage
number of days from signature in request registration letter until
start day for 4/8 week review period =39days (data
for180projects)Transport370.4%50600.4%61680.3%10290.07% Average
number of days from date of last issuance until now:428days(the
issuance times are weighted by the size of the issuances, since
larger projects ask more quickly for issuance)100.0%Table 3:Number
of projects that have beenDaysFractions Chart 8:Types of CDM
projects by statusAt validationRequest registrationRegisteredTotal
expectedIssuedRejectedRequest
jqfe: This means that the project moved in the review loop from
request review to registration or rejectedunder
jqfe: This means that the project moved in the review loop from
review to registration or rejectedWith-RejectedStart toRequest
toStart toof projectsChart 3:Chart 5:Type (rejected projects
excluded)NumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERNumberkCERs2012 kCERsNumberkCERs2012
kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERby DOEsreviewreviewdrawnby EBrequest
registrationregistrationregisteredAfforestation3883422296204382361784130.1%62041690.2%2423400004528657162%Agriculture1492400018120.0%58250.0%0010000712071250%Biomass
energy2141331615446845523625435841168678479.6%573541323365.6%229379023782178111294439553474%Cement812347481125021365821585300.3%5017223330.9%12302451171511028312440270%CO2
usage00000038015530.0%801550.0%11021100417140557100%Coal bed/mine
methane24330776003129511818135366849001061.2%68739920833.9%34297112554210248116862576%Energy
distribution13469523650001555735974280.3%1026783390.4%51501561015937468954%EE
households20711628277324182243328561041.2%391737250.2%82382461003914843579%EE
industry542288260441906789332892461471.7%5806119160.5%33223411343212104088649561%EE
own
generation12110159205436786933300439261334004274.8%548701548756.5%15163866241205109103051715167270%EE
service28180125412012148334410.5%19515880.0%1910108083865149329%EE
supply
side623827618389247105822479155321221.4%61225339211.4%133083493312034699356748%Fossil
fuel
switch5021868103961886093514641292991441.6%742191396955.9%494909159623631048013861465%Fugitive
152400519321000432234754099580.7%46352734203.1%121917726188014678956774%Geothermal2795012800321132712957350.4%12401129570.5%97041352003557843691%HFCs115250002281319473629230.3%8133447365420.0%19513282095102629836196%Hydro28169832209952138631061984251759344749228625.9%32545436585015.5%74117609935454316510404349052587%Landfill
gas668541628543570350526981732264204.8%615961795117.6%1334916281130253245510255083%Methane
avoidance104590695917310362425075732147358.3%31290828083.5%2001767522020251764399553285%Mixed
renewables213700008416116100.1%5531160.0%2160102123324580%Chart
4:Chart 6:Chart
9:N2O4768694000104568662492231081.2%5763424991710.6%572593564181002719236496%PFCs
and
SF646019000014493911365180.2%5540114550.5%843804410036610747278%Reforestation1630521970152140140714118570.6%4463161100.7%1699051261006408072670%Solar592494157710203421089541944084.6%1349243510.2%2698818131002672028784%Tidal000000131547410.0%3154740.0%14331000019481275100%Chart
10a:Transport9145113490002836104819370.4%506061680.3%610291783005536264776%Wind2741703759782157602309220542280692260429.5%23815528667012.1%6981379292003081124343565641089%Total14352621961441979097714618728995579722188068814100%12277652367621100%2466138756319021919681521864168148583%
68.0
Table 4:DaysNumber of CDM projectsHost region/country for CDM
projects by statusAt validationRequest
registrationRegisteredTotalIssuedRejectedWithRejectedStart
toRequest toStart toincluding PoAs(Rejected projects
excluded)NumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERNumberkCERs2012 kCERsNumberkCERs2012
kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERs2020 kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERby DOEsdrawnby EBrequest
registrationregistrationAt validationRegisteredLatin
America2413314884621513923286926114398317270118213%14893832901813.9%13633713481618583611658262966Argentina11119837900044799629105550.6%9194294841.2%8681514144891202450835391245Bahamas0000001252310.0%252322200000790079001Belize122000000010.0%2200.0%1080000010Bolivia0000004564297540.0%56429750.1%88431170740254112462904Brazil10110339415332320311462391449534154.7%568101491066.3%5614071478727718382844297541103319Chile22378642111909710353300081201.4%14158304291.3%133035351623022144637553928104Colombia26246010294313210555578516474851.0%8558196080.8%8641217664623024631145722957Chart
7:Costa
Rica1400000168162438170.2%85724380.1%7621798400043265497116Cuba0000002465244120.0%46524410.1%5941238010025713439002Chart
10:Dominican
Republic54051010001411991389190.2%160414900.06%1365618040052437562514Ecuador156853104230102531945150420.5%1034852540.2%648861118806024121025321525El
Salvador135700007627336080.1%98433600.1%110783175601144713453119Table
13:Accumul.Guatemala83246690001920184767270.3%234254360.2%2366110265670249383584822Top
countries by issued
CERsMCERsShareShareGuyana00000014520810.0%452080.01%5670000041515657101China852.961.5%61.5%Haiti00000000000.0%000.00%00000020India185.813.4%74.9%Honduras6703110002910632485350.4%176624960.1%1568312127060451878597731South
Korea113.98.2%83.1%Jamaica00000029348920.0%934890.0%88213761002573429002Brazil87.36.3%89.4%Mexico2336529252333118118518736541542102.4%22722562612.4%201570612166974563298040125192Mexico21.71.6%90.9%Nicaragua11201860109134134120.1%101141340.2%1214861361101470119624312Chile16.21.2%92.1%Panama769139118901920821451270.3%286218420.1%231994217100255694618719Argentina14.51.0%93.1%Paraguay270800002194340.0%881240.0%7781700051320071222Egypt11.20.8%93.9%Peru518611100060103129615650.7%1217396270.4%8661113277151239378479764Vietnam8.70.6%94.6%Trinidad
and
Tobago00000000000.0%000.0%00000001Uruguay637618811902318551606300.3%225017930.1%18247210120048256539624Asia
&
Pacific1059179512108175667145131060457790921786587717081.3%965750189607280.1%91178672046118828414414218816135586Bangladesh314100004264111070.1%40511100.0%4162171006413267377Bhutan242000000250050340.0%47005030.0%2974310.510047213360522Chart
11:Cambodia128128100091740679100.1%20219600.0%166931220003426640819China254434374745515406896637125880781297753398145.2%635583134617456.9%632721713518529215231596365824452733752Fiji00000039520330.0%952030.0%9731360003833441703India666111547510333521333311409106791279233211023.9%22047033059614.0%18203774731857956601954461775406821434Indonesia274402194200014117470283741681.9%21872303171.3%17140733926242054568453533150Lao
PDR762315300071170585140.2%17927380.0%144402141000495850377Malaysia181519439514521428360239381611.8%9924283351.2%1012324376144931140410548823146Chart
13:Chart
15:Mongolia000000425137840.0%2513780.0%23252771005214256305Myanmar0000001709010.0%70900.0%56110000061911173001Nepal246900000626898280.1%49589820.0%792522794004734151367North
Korea0000006193960.1%19390.0%150900100361036127Pakistan103503480003243137258420.5%781673060.3%48872542791603537885741236Papua
New
Guinea1470136097311962110.1%81319620.1%6822121500051144568110Philippines78713575513116932117675810.9%459680430.3%403168112129125061296351273Singapore494251000418029880.1%11223490.0%866411140054720174884South
Korea6821810009020166103418961.1%202471035984.4%2730693711389523363371014381196Sri
Lanka15495332170124791226280.3%98115590.1%807673721713299734311713Thailand2720201688522701376823136871691.9%9070153760.6%8069235352646065878066827144Vietnam97122603116024617303173152582.9%18131175750.7%14774142871224024395348910255Europe
& Central
Asia2764014442125922681517220748961.1%21832252111.1%18672320849924133861Albania56655000344118480.1%5072390.0%171411290002379633354Armenia0000006446118260.1%44611820.0%470026570043014157216Azerbaijan254711140005165950270.1%220616160.1%1886400211794056125Bosnia
and
Herzegovina2326000021525840.0%478580.0%281700000282028222Cyprus128240009377874100.1%4058980.0%405241102003677844519Georgia2408012592261582146290.1%224914850.1%1732114192015765154626Kyrgyzstan00000000000.0%000.0%00010000Macedonia32190000666218490.1%8811840.0%7020000015004460537Malta12010000000010.0%201000.0%2010000010Moldova21033000812062589100.1%130925920.1%1244418522004165447028Montenegro000000293020.0%9300.0%64400000402-1338902Serbia410978000720491129110.1%215912070.1%1789700000235624147Tajikistan00000000000.0%000.0%00010000Turkmenistan12396306700000010.0%239630670.1%222600010010Uzbekistan42178000014650612583180.2%8684125830.5%76789116925600286121406414Chart
14:
Africa8130499214758975017234553633742613.0%66028848493.6%5684853321232540714315167413750120140Algeria000000264110720.0%6411070.0%523500000313031302Angola5188481705000000050.1%18848170500.7%1759780000050Burkina
Faso00000000000000000000Note: the request registration date we use
is the one on the request for registration letter from the
DOE.Burundi3246000000030.0%24600.0%19090000040Cameroon2710000219333640.0%2643360.0%2415131003167839422Cape
Verde000167000010.0%6700.0%52300000138500Chart
12:Chad00000000000.0%000.0%00000020Congo
DR2303584000217943340.0%48210170.0%4920004004043944332Cte
d'Ivoire00000051245126350.1%124512630.1%102720000053512566006Egypt6793111800019418314344250.3%4976154620.7%51768711192302472155643821Equatorial
Guinea00000000000.0%000.0%00000114900Ethiopia15720197012917930.0%6981790.0%565517300022316741641Gabon00000000000.0%000.0%00000010Gambia148000000010.0%4800.0%3330000034Ghana37881500022672250.1%3460170.0%2403600200359117476615Kenya1113732931601631381561280.3%451618540.1%3105300600582556431116Lesotho0000001341210.0%34120.0%2871300054510665101Liberia00000019418710.0%941870.0%9360000051412764101Libya0000002363020.0%36300.0%280900000293029303Madagascar00000038512330.0%851230.0%785001005215257243Malawi269000000020.0%6900.0%5190000030Mali00000011889410.0%188940.0%16020010073119292301Mauritius00000021146120.0%114610.0%97100100641064105Morocco46678270001415772526180.2%224533530.1%19717241950042572498414Mozambique14561192000020.0%23760.0%21040010150710Namibia000000217020.0%1700.0%12100000265-126502Niger12517500000010.0%251750.0%3750000023Nigeria52417162159010670217488160.2%9179176500.7%758452172910050480612912Rwanda0000004787140.0%78710.0%683000005582758535Senegal1198116000436213350.1%5602490.0%4553000005793861714Sierra
Leone000000156010.0%5600.0%4010000053405342026South
Africa1929923961414053950816936730.8%12913173330.7%1053981174281803412594542053Sudan000192000010.0%9200.0%6430020028400Table
12: This is the average for all CDM projects (see graph 5-7 on the
"Timelagcharts" sheet for time series for the
delays)Swaziland111419900000010.0%1141990.0%11110010041Average
times delays for all CDM
projectsDaysMonthsYearsTanzania41864990003223111370.1%40916120.1%42111934004354247863Validation
(start comment until request
registration)41613.91.2Togo00000000000.0%000.0%00010021Registration
(request registration to
registration)812.70.2Tunisia238600061180428080.1%121942860.2%1121511220003374338139Average
number of days from registration until the date of first
issuance:68122.71.9Uganda41302914701310771738180.2%125417670.1%11648512620075741826415Chart
19:Total from start comment to first
issuance117839.33.3Zambia35790000214138750.1%7203870.0%46631440004595951832Zimbabwe0000001474010.0%47400.0%379100000278027801Middle
East271263516440007812582308281051.2%25217324721.4%21048519769022152778Iran962645220001336204049220.2%988445720.2%75693323600031667383913Iraq33125000000030.0%312500.0%208700000031Israel410631190003127998808350.4%386389270.4%36278112999101426876348431Jordan0000004948235440.0%94823540.1%8978198620077810756004Kuwait213530000154030.0%140700.0%462800000180018031Lebanon000000692560.1%9250.0%73900000431043106Oman0000002793020.0%79300.0%634300000622062202Qatar1718000125001398620.0%2506140040.6%34073131780009318227542Saudi
Arabia21230000350511050.1%6281100.0%5030000004513648623Syria1343000332164440.0%3556460.0%34900010023712235923United
Arab
Emirates32115800014950872170.2%11619300.0%9900329190139736433314Yemen245592400000020.0%4559240.0%44610000030Total
(110
countries)14352621961441979097714618728995579722188068814100%12277652367621100%11446931246613875631902602614168148520606831Total
for small-scale CDM projects (see below in table 3a &
4a)7151927021506471192150281372879169985357541%933421916418.1%1225225847601709922594Least
Developed Countries (LDCs have this
colour)4531637198164428065719883281141.3%39263281441.2%3052401678922028260Small
Island Developing States (SIDS) (with this
colour)6451101210303427416753420.5%329568540.3%3033561087700112Countries
with registered projects:89Table 5:For all projectsPopu-2012
CERTotal in the CDM PipelineNumber of small-scaleNumber of full
scaleNumber of all projectskCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERslationper cap. Latin
America42812.0%75414.4%118213.4%14893832901813.9%4490.73Asia &
Pacific297983.3%419180.0%717081.3%965750189607280.1%34180.55Europe
and Central
Asia330.9%631.2%961.1%21832252111.1%1490.17Africa982.7%1633.1%2613.0%66028848493.6%8910.10Middle-East37101.0%681.3%1051.2%25217324721.4%1860.17Less
developed
World3575200.0%5239100.0%8814100%12277652367621100%50930.46
Table 6:Designated Operational Entity (DOE) usedShortValidated
CDM projectsValidated projects requesting registrationProjects with
verifierValidated PoAsnameTotalRejected by DOEsShare with Share
rejected TotalTotalNumber%Number%Numberreq. reviewby the
EBNumber
: If a project is verified several times, it counts as only one
here.%Number%DNV Climate Change Services
ASDNV243522.1%51721.2%184832.1%5.3%90117.3%5112.2%TV-Nord Cert GmbH
(RWTV)TV-Nord133412.1%24518.4%77922.1%2.4%57111.0%276.5%TV SD South
Asia Private
LimitedTV-SD124211.3%30924.9%88346.3%2.9%3366.5%378.9%Bureau
Veritas CertificationBV
Cert10729.7%15914.8%67422.0%4.9%59711.5%7918.9%TV Rheinland
(China)TV-Rhein9388.5%11312.0%66511.9%1.2%4909.4%4310.3%Socit
Gnrale de
SurveillanceSGS9078.2%27530.3%57935.8%5.0%5029.6%41.0%RINA Services
S.p.ARina3983.6%5714.3%24010.0%1.3%2084.0%61.4%ERM Certification
and Verification Service Ltd. ERM
CVS2972.7%3210.8%2425.8%0.8%2284.4%194.6%Lloyd's Register Quality
Assurance Ltd.LRQA2852.6%2910.2%20412.7%0.5%1422.7%30.7%Japan
Consulting InstituteJCI2402.2%3012.5%20425.5%2.0%1112.1%194.6%China
Quality Certification
CenterCQC1731.6%10.6%1553.2%0.0%1402.7%0.0%Spanish Association for
Standardisation and
CertificationAENOR1551.4%2314.8%10914.7%2.8%691.3%215.0%Perry
Johnson Registrars Clean Development
MechanismPJRCES1521.4%127.9%913.3%0.0%851.6%71.7%Korean Foundation
for QualityKFQ1331.2%129.0%11415.8%3.5%691.3%0.0%China
Environmental United Certification Center Co.,
LtdCEC1331.2%21.5%1237.3%0.8%1052.0%163.8%Sirim Qas International
Sdn.Bhd.Sirim1271.2%97.1%6414.1%3.1%611.2%0.0%KBS Certification
ServicesKBS1101.0%10.9%420.0%0.0%480.9%61.4%Germanischer Lloyd
CertificationGLC930.8%1212.9%7215.3%1.4%621.2%122.9%Japan Quality
Assurance JQA900.8%2123.3%6841.2%11.8%420.8%41.0%LGAI Technological
Center (Applus)LGAI890.8%0.0%773.9%1.3%751.4%10.2%Japan Audit and
Certification Organisation for Env. And
QualityJACO800.7%11.3%6825.0%4.4%551.1%0.0%Korea Energy Management
CorporationKEMCO790.7%56.3%7131.0%2.8%300.6%0.0%Colombian Institute
for Technical Standards and
CertificationICONTEC750.7%912.0%4332.6%9.3%410.8%0.0%Deloitte
Tohmatsu Evaluation and Certiification
OrganizationDeloitte-TECO680.6%11.5%6616.7%3.0%511.0%20.5%Swiss
Association for Quality and Management
SystemsSQS650.6%710.8%5623.2%8.9%360.7%102.4%CEPREI certification
bodyCEPREI610.6%0.0%561.8%0.0%601.2%20.5%Carbon CheckCarbon
Check390.4%410.3%166.3%0.0%210.4%297.0%URS Verification Ltd.
Schimmel, Martin Admin: Before: Environmental Management Corp.
(EMC)URS370.3%0.0%520.0%0.0%110.2%20.5%China Classification Society
Certification CompanyCCSC270.2%311.1%205.0%0.0%180.3%0.0%Korean
StandardsKSA230.2%28.7%190.0%0.0%140.3%61.4%Korea Environment
CorporationKeco180.2%316.7%1361.5%23.1%100.2%20.5%Re-consult
Ltd.Re-consult160.1%531.3%100.0%0.0%10.0%10.2%Hong Kong Quality
Assurance AgencyHKQAA100.1%0.0%80.0%0.0%90.2%0.0%Shenzhen CTI
International Certification Co.CTI100.1%0.0%0.0%0.0%10.2%KPMG
SustainabilityKPMG60.1%0.0%616.7%0.0%10.0%0.0%Ernst & Young
AssocisErnst &
Young40.0%0.0%20.0%0.0%20.0%10.2%PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC)-
South AfricaPwC30.0%133.3%1100.0%0.0%0.0%10.2%Conestoga Rovers
& Associates Ltd.CRA30.0%0.0%20.0%0.0%30.1%51.2%Japan
Management AssociationJMA30.0%0.0%30.0%0.0%10.0%0.0%British
Standard Institution (BSI)BSI20.0%0.0%2100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Korea
Testing & Research Institute KTR20.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Ernst
& Young Shin Nihon (E&YSNSI)Shin
Nihon10.0%1100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%IBOPE Instituto Brasileiro de
Opinio Pblica e Estatstica Ltda.IBOPE10.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%AZSA
& CoAZSA0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Name not
avalibalen.a.10.0%1100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%Total11037100.0%190217.2%770019553.4%5206100.0%417100.0%Table
7:Crediting period for CDM projectsnumber (%)7 years72%Note:For
some methodologies there are more request for reviews.10
years27%The DOEs accredited for these scopes will have a higher
share request review.20 years0.5%30 years0.4% Chart 16:Table
8:Comparison between number of large-scale projects In numbersIn
percentagesAnnex I countries issuing LoAsNumber ofChart 14:and
small-scale projects in each
typeLarge-scaleSmall-scaleLarge-scaleSmall-scaleprojectsLandfill
gas353676.7%1.9%Austria94Cement2910.6%0.0%Australia42Wind197962537.8%17.5%Belgium37Graph
tableProjectsChart 14a:EE
service2390.0%1.1%Canada72Unilateral3213Unilateral projects
shareMethane avoidance1385972.6%16.7%Czech Republic8United K.2384
(n.a. In table 8)Biomass
energy3524956.7%13.8%Denmark97Switzerland1407Jan
200667.3%Agriculture020.0%0.1%Finland90Netherlands601Jan
200755.6%EE own generation349786.7%2.2%France240Japan578Jan
200838.7%Fugitive 5621.1%0.1%Germany286Sweden418Jan
200936.1%N2O10802.1%0.0%GreeceGermany286Jan 201029.3%Energy
distribution2170.4%0.2%HungaryFrance240Jan 201128.4%CO2
usage210.0%0.03%IcelandSpain162Now27.6%Fossil fuel
switch100441.9%1.2%Ireland13Italy106Geothermal3410.6%0.0%Italy106Austria94Hybrid
renewables460.1%0.2%Japan578Denmark97Hydro1198108822.9%30.4%LatviaFinland90Solar1682403.2%6.7%Liechtenstein6Canada72Reforestation36210.7%0.6%Luxembourg28Norway69HFCs1940.4%0.1%Netherlands601Portugal42EE
industry291180.6%3.3%New
Zealand3Australia42Transport2890.5%0.3%Norway69Belgium37EE supply
side97251.9%0.7%Portugal42Luxembourg28EE
households41000.1%2.8%Spain162Ireland13Afforestation940.2%0.1%Sweden418Czech
Republic8PFCs and
SF61710.3%0.0%Switzerland1407Liechtenstein6Tidal100.02%0.0%United
K.2384New Zealand3Coal bed/mine
methane10602.0%0.0%n.a.321332.1%Total52393575100.0%100.0%Total9996Note:
In some project more than one investor country participate.Chart
17:Projects rejected by DOEs or EB or withdrawn are not
included.Issuance successAll CDM projectsSmall-scale
projectscomparisonNumberIssuanceNumberIssuanceprojectssuccessprojectssuccessAfforestation2-26%00%Agriculture00%039%Biomass
energy22976%13478%Cement1248%084%The small scale CDM projects in
Table 3a and 3b below are a part of the CDM prrojects in Table 3a
and 3b above.CO2 usage131%00%Coal bed/mine methane3462%00%Table
3a:EE households5126%00%Types of Small-scale CDM projects by
statusAt validation Small-scaleRequest registration
Small-scaleRegistered Small-scaleTotal expected Small-scaleIssued
Small-scaleIssuanceRejectedWithRejectedEE industry860%860%Type
(rejected projects excluded)NumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERNumberkCERs2012 kCERsNumberkCERs2012
kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERsuccessby DOEsdrawnby EBEE own
generation3383%2586%Afforestation142400032414940.1%271730.1%00200EE
service15179%679%Agriculture1492400018120.1%58250.0%0039.1%100EE
supply side163%163%Biomass
energy13647885623517323354146245328649513.8%195845893230.8%1342051277.9%211716Energy
distribution1359%586%Cement14714000000010.0%471400.1%0084.4%000Fossil
fuel switch4960%982%CO2 usage000000171910.0%7190.0%00100Fugitive
1286%113%Coal bed/mine
methane00000000000.0%000.0%00100Geothermal984%097%Energy
distribution41202720003728370.2%1923560.2%00100HFCs19108%00%EE
households195813131192080172619951002.8%249923081.2%823859.5%2400Hybrid
renewables257%257%EE
industry46121814792176770133635011183.3%257250472.6%2571585.8%106313Hydro74187%36678%EE
own
generation349111381210304212611463782.2%227528441.5%618979.1%5315Landfill
gas13349%1464%EE
service2649125412012148334391.1%6415880.3%1962.9%1008Methane
avoidance20054%13367%EE supply
side1230440900013210860250.7%51512700.7%528386.3%1200N2O57114%00%Fossil
fuel switch21557829000236161490441.2%117223191.2%949481.8%3139PFCs
and SF6880%00%Fugitive
1101500014316220.1%541770.1%12213.4%400Reforestation16156%4-1037%Geothermal00000015210.0%520.0%0097.3%200Solar26111%22112%HFCs1152500036117740.1%762020.1%00000Tidal178%00%Hydro1393241332610265589392627658352108830.4%297826173632.2%3662466978.4%205324Transport636%1105%Landfill
gas17222119140005014363287671.9%365752002.7%1447463.8%2700Wind69881%11685%Methane
avoidance802623338262082511151932986559716.7%180253325017.3%133637566.9%174513Total246690.7%84777.6%Mixed
renewables11000005286360.2%39630.0%21657.0%000N2O00000000000.0%000.0%00000PFCs
and
SF618000000010.0%800.0%00000Reforestation5391830001685399210.6%1245820.3%4122-1037.2%300Solar31323696680203349027342406.7%388128031.5%22911111.9%1500Tidal00000000000.0%000.0%00000Transport000000922335790.3%2233570.2%1130104.7%900Wind1381709184414164047360071140662517.5%7880132506.9%116501284.5%10036Total71519270215064711921502813728791699853575100%93342191641100%8476017077.6%9922594Chart
18:% of all
projectsLarge-scaleSmall-scaleChina59.6%23.9%India12.6%40.6%Table
4a:Brazil5.3%3.8%Host region/country for CDM projects by statusAt
validation Small-scaleRequest registration Small-scaleRegistered
small-scaleTotal Small-scaleIssued
Small-scaleRejectedWithRejectedMexico2.3%2.5%Small-scale projects
(rejected projects excluded)NumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERNumberkCERs2012 kCERsNumberkCERs2012
kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CER2012 kCERs2020 kCERsNumberkCERs
: 1 kCER = 1000 CERby DOEsdrawnby EBMalaysia0.7%3.5%Latin
America83195320594964734188003534442812.0%0.0%175729Philippines0.6%1.4%Argentina369114000163931086190.5%46212000.8%62574392600Indonesia1.3%2.7%Bahamas0000001252310.0%25230.0%22200000Chile1.7%0.9%Belize122000000010.0%2200.0%10800000South
Korea0.5%1.9%Bolivia000000142110.0%4210.0%173800301Thailand1.1%3.1%Brazil3268013230001033852207351353.8%45322205914.3%7549154918983212Total85.8%84.4%Chile57381119027509912330.9%6029930.6%1806242271101Colombia15341991204719446916351.0%80710620.7%90084276801Costa
Rica140000036026440.1%1002640.2%9832205000Cuba00000000000.0%000.0%000000Dominican
Republic261600041252960.2%186360.0%179100100Ecuador5152340009220430140.4%3734640.3%40873120300El
Salvador00000017010.0%700.0%14100011Guatemala4477000010296847140.4%3439170.6%41746770101Guyana00000000000.0%000.0%000000Haiti00000000000.0%000.0%000000Honduras41169000234931990270.8%60920001.3%8409111153501Jamaica00000000000.0%000.0%000000Mexico311612613808513845949892.5%153960753.9%29542218645842Nicaragua11200003507840.1%62780.1%600190001Panama368480009206803120.3%2748500.6%48484217501Paraguay117800002194330.1%361240.1%41117000Peru1681100018444935190.5%5129470.6%66426289311Trinidad
and
Tobago00000000000.0%000.0%000000Uruguay2695711907267281100.3%3553380.2%321400000Asia
&
Pacific573156561815140851103236661529129488297983.3%7803614774295.8%998735Bangladesh3141000029517750.1%2361770.1%210000100Bhutan119000011420.1%2040.0%15310000Cambodia000000515946250.1%1594620.3%1710122000China63206628622890791266724714085623.9%288275000232.4%35551028417966157315Fiji00000024720320.1%472030.1%605136000India434115851364027397909901844048405145140.6%304226213540.3%39722529220070440826Indonesia133612680008528604637982.7%322149053.2%42397237702804Lao
PDR27400002211940.1%95190.0%67312000Malaysia1124553314521134653159231253.5%49431645810.7%675592842312816Mongolia00000037233330.1%723330.2%1024277100Myanmar00000000000.0%000.0%000000Nepal000000626898260.2%2689820.6%32192279300North
Korea0000006193960.2%19390.0%150900000Pakistan41121500014477719180.5%5897340.5%9910161103Papua
New
Guinea14701360739412690.3%4761260.1%366000000Philippines1293826811476971625501.4%79416731.1%128802112111Singapore239510003786450.1%1181150.1%145200200South
Korea682181000626961247681.9%77714280.9%15191194171322Sri
Lanka12253285170102561226230.6%51615121.0%983573721612Thailand164742404131092256731721123.1%317234122.2%41004207763304Vietnam4130382780125288230151313.7%308930542.0%31117215821601Europe
and Central
Asia1430925700019358689330.9%6669470.6%8809Albania5665500000050.1%66550.0%55700000Armenia00000032511130.1%251110.1%132411500Azerbaijan00000000000.0%000.0%34100100Bosnia
and
Herzegovina000000137010.0%3700.0%26000000Cyprus1282400057028460.2%993090.2%1314362100Georgia000000123010.0%2300.0%37800200Kyrgyzstan00000000000.0%000.0%000000Macedonia25100003971650.1%147160.0%116700000Malta12010000000010.0%201000.1%20100000Moldova00000034727830.1%472780.2%58700100Montenegro000000113010.0%1300.0%8600000Serbia410978000245060.2%154780.1%128200000Tajikistan00000000000.0%000.0%50900100Turkmenistan00000000000.0%000.0%000000Uzbekistan134000000010.0%3400.0%80500100Africa381226940324605714593186982.7%293141272.7%31523Algeria00000000000.0%000.0%000000Angola00000000000.0%000.0%000000Burkina
Faso00000000000.0%000.0%000000Burundi3246000000030.1%24600.0%190900000Cameroon271000000020.1%7100.0%63000100Cape
Verde00000000000.0%000.0%000000Chad00000000000.0%000.0%000000Congo
DR11674200000010.0%167420.0%142300000Cte
d'Ivoire0000001459610.0%45960.1%45600000Egypt1800001458620.1%53860.1%1889111102Equatorial
Guinea
Jrgen Fenhann:
LDC00000000000.0%000.0%000000Ethiopia00000000000.0%000.0%000000Gabon00000000000.0%000.0%000000Gambia148000000010.0%4800.0%33300000Ghana1221500000010.0%22150.0%19300000Kenya81392931605104129140.4%2494220.3%251200100Lesotho0000001341210.0%34120.0%28713000Liberia00000000000.0%000.0%000000Libya000000118010.0%1800.0%13700000Madagascar00000038512330.1%851230.1%88700100Malawi269000000020.1%6900.0%51900000Mali00000000000.0%000.0%000000Mauritius00000000000.0%000.0%000000Morocco139155000615375670.2%1929100.6%30321175300Mozambique0001192000010.0%19200.0%148200000Namibia000000217020.1%1700.0%12100000Niger00000000000.0%000.0%000000Nigeria2396300013110130.1%701640.1%68812000Rwanda0000004787140.1%78710.0%68300000Senegal000000131210.0%3120.0%3400000Sierra
Leone00000000000.0%000.0%000000South
Africa719821300017500844240.7%69810570.7%84192138602Sudan00000000000.0%000.0%000000Swaziland00000000000.0%000.0%000000Tanzania382126000221150.1%1031260.1%121700200Togo00000000000.0%000.0%11900100Tunisia238600000020.1%3860.0%30400000Uganda24229147010183569130.4%2725980.4%2745495000Zambia2180000214138740.1%1593870.3%1504144000Zimbabwe00000000000.0%000.0%000000Middle-East71279800030733127837101.0%8601376100.9%104296224713Iran000000728344170.2%2834410.3%2708233000Iraq00000000000.0%000.0%000000Israel11035000818076490.3%1907990.5%36733179413Jordan00000000000.0%000.0%000000Kuwait000000154010.0%5400.0%42700000Lebanon000000692560.2%9250.0%73900000Oman000000118010.0%1800.0%13900000Qatar171800000010.0%7180.0%7100000Saudi
Arabia170000110020.1%1700.0%13500000Syria134300000010.0%3430.0%27900000United
Arab
Emirates225420006966780.2%1211090.1%1901112300Yemen145000000010.0%4500.0%35700000Total71519270215064711921502813728791699853575100%82493154191100%12252256224713
IndicatorsIndicator no:1234Total numberTotal expectedTotal
GHGNominalemission intensityNo. of projects /AnnualNo. of projects
/Annual CERs/of CDMAnnual red.emissions GDP
(IMF)CO2/GDPMtCO2eqCERs/GDPGDPCountryHost
region/countryprojectsktCO2eq
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: Expected in the PDDs From all CDM project that
are aliveMtCO2e
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: From UNFCCC, all GHGs excl LULUCF, 2005 or
latestMill US$ 2010tCO2/1000US$emissionstCO2/US$Billion
US$EmissionsLatin
America11821489382811.946492620.600.4232.030.255.3%These 4
indicators were first introduced in Sren Ltkens CD4CDM Working
Paper No.
10.Argentina559194282.03699920.760.2024.850.153.3%Indicator
1Bahamas1252.277000.290.453.230.131.1%Indicator 1: Project
generation ability (number of projects / national carbon
emissions)Belize1221.115540.710.9113.890.642.0%The number of
projects relative to a host countrys emissions is an indirect
indicator of a countrys ability to identify emissions reduction
options and transform them into actual projects. This reveals the
prominence of CDM relative to the actual opportunity for emissions
reduction and may be a result of particular awareness raising. Or
it may be the result of a high GDP carbon
intensity.Bolivia456443.7198102.210.0928.470.201.3%Brazil41556810862.821429260.400.4826.510.196.6%Chile1201415850.22160910.232.3965.520.5628.2%Colombia858558153.92831090.540.5530.230.305.6%Costa
Rica1785712.1362180.331.4023.650.477.1%Cuba246549.260810
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: World Bank data0.810.047.650.030.9%Dominican
Republic19160426.4516260.510.7231.060.376.1%Ecuador4210348248.0579784.280.17178.480.724.2%El
Salvador898411.7212150.550.6846.360.388.4%Guatemala27234214.7411870.361.8456.850.6615.9%Guyana1453.121971.410.3220.360.461.4%Haiti005.165510.780.000.000.000.0%Honduras35176610.3153470.673.40115.042.2817.1%Jamaica293116.3134928.620.026.880.150.1%Mexico21022722641.410354000.620.3321.940.203.5%Nicaragua12101112.065911.821.00153.401.828.4%Panama2728629.7265900.362.78107.621.0229.5%Paraguay488140.5189587.410.034.660.210.1%Indicator
2Peru651217363.21536290.411.0379.240.4219.3%Indicator 2: CDM
contribution to the economy (CERs / GDP)Trinidad and
Tobago0016.0208790.770.000.000.000.0%The amount of CERs generated
from CDM projects relative to the GDP of a given host country is an
immediate expression of the importance of CDM to the economy and of
the prominence of CDM compared to other economic activities.
Uruguay30225036.3394120.920.8357.080.766.2%Asia &
Pacific717096575012374.0107701681.150.5889.670.677.8%Bangladesh740545.91055600.430.153.840.070.9%Bhutan447001.314070.923.083340.132.84361.5%Cambodia10202112.8112551.140.78179.580.8915.8%China39816355838190.059303931.380.49107.170.677.8%Fiji3951.431730.442.1429.860.956.8%India21102204701523.815979450.951.38137.971.3214.5%Indonesia16821872554.37083520.780.3030.880.243.9%Lao
PDR1417926.964611.072.03277.432.1726.0%Malaysia1619924193.42378030.810.8341.730.685.1%Mongolia425117.762442.830.2340.150.641.4%Myanmar170912.7
Jrgen Villy Fenhann:
Wikipedia453800.280.0815.630.025.6%Nepal8495831.2157101.990.26315.600.5115.9%North
Korea6193542.928
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: North Korea Econmy
Watch19389.290.016909.82214.290.0%Pakistan427816160.61768700.910.2644.190.244.9%Papua
New
Guinea118135.098850.512.2082.221.1116.3%Philippines814596100.91995910.510.8023.030.414.6%Singapore8112238.82273820.170.214.940.042.9%Indicator
3South Korea9620247542.910148900.530.1819.950.093.7%Indicator 3:
Investment capability (number of projects / GDP)Sri
Lanka2898118.8493560.381.4919.880.575.2%The number of projects
relative to GDP corresponds to indicator 1, but eliminates the
emission intensity of a given host country. Thus, this indicator is
focused on the financing capacity, alternatively the ability to
attract external (non-domestic) financing, rather than the actual
emissions reduction
options.Thailand1699070236.93189080.740.7128.440.533.8%Vietnam25818131135.81035751.311.90175.052.4913.4%Europe
& Central
Asia9621832509.52588291.970.1984.350.374.3%Albania85075.5118930.461.4542.610.679.2%Armenia64466.493710.680.9447.560.647.0%Azerbaijan7220643.2516980.840.1642.670.145.1%Bosnia
and
herzegovina447834.0165812.050.1228.850.241.4%Cyprus1040510.1230000.440.9917.630.434.0%Georgia9224911.4116380.980.79193.240.7719.7%Kyrgyzstan0012.047942.500.000.000.000.0%Macedonia988112.291621.330.7496.150.987.2%Malta1203.081250.370.332.470.120.7%Moldova10130911.958132.050.84225.191.7211.0%Montenegro2935.341181.290.3822.540.491.8%Serbia11215966.3380301.740.1756.760.293.3%Tajikistan007.556421.330.000.000.000.0%Turkmenistan1239675.4200013.770.01119.800.053.2%Uzbekistan188684205.3389635.270.09222.870.464.2%Africa261660282475.116586741.490.1139.810.162.7%Indicator
4Algeria2641111.01607790.690.023.990.010.6%Indicator 4: Actual
emissions reductions (Percentage of country emissions covered by
CERs) Angola51884861.6824710.750.08228.540.0630.6%The expected
emissions reduction from CDM projects compared to a countrys actual
emissions gives a precise figure for the emissions reductions
achieved through CDM compared to the actual emissions, i.e. to what
extent CDM is supporting the emissions reduction efforts in a given
host region or country.
Burkina
Faso006.089610.670.000.000.000.0%Burundi324626.5202713.070.11121.441.480.9%Cameroon4264165.7224687.370.0211.750.180.2%Cape
Verde167447.71662269.370.0040.580.600.0%Chad008.085580.930.000.000.000.0%Congo
DR448246.0130943.510.0936.830.311.0%Cte
d'Ivoire51245271.22296411.810.0254.210.220.5%Egypt254976193.22184850.880.1322.780.112.6%Equatorial
Guinea005.3
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: CO2 only from
Wikipedia145000.360.000.000.000.0%Ethiopia369847.7297171.610.0623.490.100951.5%Gabon006.2131990.470.000.000.000.0%Gambia14819.7104018.940.0545.710.960.2%Ghana5346018.2323210.560.27107.040.1519.0%Kenya28451621.5321150.671.30140.620.8721.0%Lesotho1341.822280.810.5615.450.451.9%Liberia1940.6
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: CO2 only from
Wikipedia9890.641.5794.681.0114.7%Libya236351.0
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: CO2 only from
Wikipedia804420.630.044.510.020.7%Madagascar38529.387393.350.109.680.340.3%Malawi2697.153971.320.2812.820.371.0%Mali118812.394401.300.0819.950.111.5%Mauritius21144.897140.490.4211.700.212.4%Morocco1822456.9908030.082.6124.720.2032.5%Mozambique22378.294810.860.2425.000.212.9%Namibia2179.1111200.820.221.550.180.2%Niger12513.654212.510.074.600.180.2%Nigeria169179242.61968411.230.0746.630.083.8%Rwanda4782.455760.431.6714.050.723.3%Senegal556016.9128821.310.3043.470.393.3%Sierra
Leone1560.419050.192.7829.370.5215.5%South
Africa7312913379.83634751.050.1935.530.203.4%Sudan19254.2652360.830.021.410.020.2%Swaziland11147.536962.030.1330.810.271.5%Tanzania740939.2226201.730.1818.090.311.0%Togo004.931991.530.000.000.000.0%Tunisia8121925.1442780.570.3227.520.184.9%Uganda18125441.5171972.410.4372.901.053.0%Zambia572032.8161902.030.1544.450.312.2%Zimbabwe147427.674443.710.0463.640.131.7%Middle
East105252171375.319308160.710.0813.060.051.8%Iran229884483.74191181.150.0523.580.052.0%Iraq33125102.9
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: Wikipedia, oly
CO2811121.270.0338.530.043.0%Israel35386377.32174450.360.4517.760.165.0%Jordan494819.4264470.730.2135.850.154.9%Kuwait3140776.7
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: Wikipedia, oly
CO21243440.620.0411.320.021.8%Lebanon69218.4371240.500.332.470.160.5%Oman279336.4
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: CO2 only from
Wikipedia578490.630.0513.700.032.2%Qatar2250661.61273320.480.0319.680.024.1%Saudi
Arabia5628296.14513940.660.021.390.010.2%Syria435555.0
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: CO2 only from
Wikipedia599570.920.075.920.070.6%United Arab
Emirates171161129.82976480.440.133.900.060.9%Yemen245517.9310460.580.1114.660.062.5%Total
(110
countries)8814122776519545.8192677491.0140.4563.720.466.3%Total for
small-scale CDM projects (see below in table 3a &
4a)LDC11439263619.85702381.0870.1868.850.206.3%Small Island
Developing States (SIDS) (with this colour)
Analysis2
Table 3:Table 1:MW installed in all 2CDM projectsRegion/Country for CDM projects (No. of projects)AfforestationAgricultureBiomass energyCementCO2 usageCoal bed/mine methaneEnergy distributionEE householdsEE industryEE own generationEE serviceEE supply sideFossil fuel switchFugitive GeothermalHFCsHydroLandfill gasMethane avoidanceMixed renewablesN2OPFCs and SF6ReforestationSolarTidalTransportWindTotalMethane avoidanceBiomass energy Coal bed/mine methaneEE own genera-tionGeothermalHydroLandfill gasSolarTidalWindTotalTable 4:Table 5:Table 6:Latin America50140131511110012148723171572270143172501418811825825948030924114454100101518143718.5Wind CDM projectsBiomass CDM projectsHydro CDM projectsSolar CDM projectsArgentina108010002203000121280011200115514618628206651045.6CountryProjectsMWCountryProjectsMWCountryProjectsMWCountryProjectsMWBahamas000000000000000001000000000110.9China151984086India3742826China137659866China1613382Belize00000000000000000100000000010.0India80013811China1664451India23812609India1381710Bolivia00000000000100001100001000049089.5Mexico314429Brazil641480Vietnam2016237South Korea30189Brazil00640104015016700111577205231007541541480126052623583920192.5Brazil755839Malaysia43276Brazil11112605Thailand25704Chile2013000001101101040179030112001812032347416411955016084128.1South Africa162451Thailand33655Peru412551Chile12550Colombia106010102001200026191002070061851226129314201365.0Chile181608Indonesia1899Chile401641Israel7318Costa Rica0030000000000000520000100061721974197398.8Uruguay17807Vietnam1637Panama18433United Arab Emirates4220Cuba000000000001000001000000000233.0South Korea13377Chile13234Ecuador232973South Africa6305Dominican Republic005100000000200011000002007191018082280542.4Argentina11665Mexico1365South Korea16163Peru596Ecuador003000010000000023370000101342562973250243104.8Morocco7603Pakistan727Honduras19458Rwanda20.04El Salvador00200000000000202200000000087953676205.5Dominican Republic7280Philippines671Sri Lanka15133Madagascar10Guatemala0010000000000010141700000012271325397569509.0Pakistan7356Uruguay10272Guatamala14397Morocco2168Guyana00100000000000000000000000011010.0Costa Rica6197Argentina8146Bhutan31314Dominican Republic282Haiti00.0Cyprus6268Honduras532Others17113249Argentina220Honduras005000000001001019070000000235133241458152694.9Philippines6369South Africa526Total2286114629Ecuador150Jamaica00000000000000000000000000223938.7Thailand4269Kenya543Saudi Arabia111Mexico001300100420011111033102030020531210106585092410020044295786.1Nicaragua4147Colombia626Lebanon10Nicaragua00100000100000103010001000412556620147287.5Panama5674Dominican Republic5101Tunisia11Panama0020000000000000181100000005272143346741114.2Kenya5527Sri Lanka526Philippines135Paraguay0010000000000000100000100104200200.0Sri Lanka331Morocco30Brazil13Peru0020000000032000414201015004653825516962332922.6Vietnam5188Tanzania315Pakistan150Trinidad and Tobago00.0Egypt4406Panama21Libya114Uruguay101000000000000000110000000173002728071079.4Serbia4450Israel27Indonesia10Asia & Pacific4267427010523791174013187103162321192520148410681318357122235871705008474146001773873271400607025499536206794.3Peru4233Ecuador356Total4067908Bangladesh001000003001000002000000000733.0Ecuador324Egypt20Bhutan000000100000000030000000000413141314.1Israel234Singapore23Cambodia0010000001000000404000000001032878883.0Azerbaijan298Costa Rica32China2016611010216131224612837321113761159644824161061519398111944511406598661107338284086154417.1Jamaica239El Salvador279Fiji00000000000000002010000000035453.5Tunisia2224Peru238India11374150256389130274654509238324608210138015800211080282654126099317101381131182.4Macedonia2137Senegal225Indonesia11181000062055314022107502111000168539914661033312984.0Guatemala269Cte d'Ivoire246Lao PDR001000001000000010010001000014774799.7Honduras2152Swaziland10Malaysia00430000040011010599600000010161332768639619809.7Mongolia150Paraguay10Mongolia0000001000000000200000000014235073.0Senegal1125Cambodia12Myanmar0000000000000000100000000001240240.0Colombia120Nicaragua155Nepal000000010000000030400000000815151515.0Angola1100Uganda20North Korea00000000000000006000000000066261.5Montenegro146Guyana110Pakistan007000010904110053102001007428271606503562046.9United Arab Emirates125Guatamala10Papua New Guinea00000000000001100090000000011195574.1Cape Verde126Macedonia13Philippines0060010002000040106430110100681147116535032353691034.8Sudan1100Moldova10Singapore002000000001100001200100000813328.3Mauritius118South Korea13South Korea00100000103040111661566130101396031163561892543771043.1Cameroon00Lao PDR10Sri Lanka005000000000010015211000000328261332231210.9Syria00Serbia18Thailand00330000017010100688201002500416913565574157042691852.2Mali00Nigeria10Vietnam001600001040001002017220001000525824376237241886509.0Total2603120354Sierra leone132Europe & Central Asia1030000000464150021108070200015961010000128942009992349.9Mongolia00Albania0000000000110000500000100008343343.4Tunesia10Armenia000000000000010031100000000616218.0Total84611272Azerbaijan00000000000201000200000000273998136.8Bosnia and Herzegovina0000000000000000300010000004126126.2Cyprus000000000000000000400000006104268272.0Georgia00000000000002006100000000097731773.5Kyrgyzstan00.0Macedonia0010000000003000300000000029328137166.9Malta00000000000000000100000000010.0Moldova101000000031020001000010000100.0Montenegro000000000000000010000000001234649.0Serbia00100000000001000230000000411681450464.1Tajikistan00.0Turkmenistan00000000000001000000000000010.0Uzbekistan000000000002170002006000000180.0Africa3028200017141346101050213111013020130139261918700573176056488045807654Algeria00000000000000000000200000020Angola00000000000001003000000000159301001030Burkina Faso0Burundi00000000003000000000000000030Cameroon00000002000000000200000000040Cape Verde00000000000000000000000000112626Chad00Congo DR10000001000000000100001000040Cte d'Ivoire002000000001000002000000000546349Egypt00200000410231000300500000425406406Equatorial Guinea00Ethiopia00010000000000000100001000030Gabon00Gambia00000001000000000000000000010Ghana00000000000111000110000000050Kenya0050000010000050201000900052843573405271183Lesotho00000001000000000000000000010Liberia000000000000000001000000000100Libya00010000000000000000000100021414Madagascar00000000000000002000000100032020Malawi00000002000000000000000000020Mali00000000000000001000000000016262Mauritius000000000000000001000000001231821Morocco00300000000000000330000200718210168603782Mozambique00000001000000000000001000020Namibia0000000000000000011000000002011Niger00000000000000000000001000010Nigeria001000011102150013000000000162623265Rwanda000000020000000000000002000400Senegal102000000000000001000000001525125150Sierra Leone00100000000000000000000000013232South Africa005000038910420037405006001673726213630524512847Sudan0000000000000000000000000011100100Swaziland00100000000000000000000000010Tanzania003000010000000011000010000715318Togo00Tunisia00100000000010000200000101281224226Uganda10200001000000006110006000018300300Zambia0000000102000000200000000005121121Zimbabwe00000000000000000000100000010Middle East002000075321113900221506201300410577000138185490159631Iran000000000007910021001000001221381100239Iraq00000000000201000000000000030Israel002000001100200001130420700235771431834380Jordan000000000000200002000000000422Kuwait00000000100002000000000000030Lebanon0000000500000000000000010006Oman00000000000001000010000000020Qatar00000000000101000000000000020Saudi Arabia00000000001001000200000100051111Syria00000000100000000200100000040United Arab Emirates00000001221101000310000400117222025Yemen00000001000001000000000000020Total13284730310628104147427411221445835232286420735101081857408137260488145841127214680265411462919718108254120454261148
Table 2:Region/Country for CDM projects (Total 2012 kCERs)AfforestationAgricultureBiomass energyCementCO2 usageCoal bed/mine methaneEnergy distributionEE householdsEE industryEE own generationEE serviceEE supply sideFossil fuel switchFugitive GeothermalHFCsHydroLandfill gasMethane avoidanceMixed renewablesN2OPFCs and SF6ReforestationSolarTidalTransportWindTotalLatin America31570288608155118196286214311129044873187136236682147938375103974419300450771478699660281516437329018Argentina265057501600012752405310007469526181503560019644000030929484Bahamas000000000000000002300000000023Belize0000000000000000000000000000Bolivia000000000009110000134669600002100002975Brazil0020315012009620449504271343109700135865191014427037521128240930001525149106Chile807037050000056001812200051151078053670398603600043730429Colombia2037081701900013000305000157352252952023360211200205816119608Costa Rica00362000000000000035213540000570003132438Cuba000000000001968000004730000000002441Dominican Republic00248000000001010000982000000003741490Ecuador00425000086200000000268187132900000070165254El Salvador00690000000000001284015612310000000003360Guatemala0040000000000041904021072600000026605436Guyana00208000000000000000000000000208Haiti0Honduras0044600000000000001353054100000001562496Jamaica00000000000000000000000000489489Mexico0021000118100123011000026601401012709125159320123400003871130756261Nicaragua003920000000000019650301148000750005514134Panama0029000000000000011930000000006191842Paraguay00800000000000000000000800350124Peru0050000000063213160005198216215400015460009627Trinidad and Tobago0Uruguay49057300000000000000992000000001791793Asia & Pacific12725994002232409090273772201999515304127125516129757103158476452175322106563343953711618033789685308374747433532638891896072Bangladesh00000000177000000009320000000001110Bhutan00000000000000005030000000000503Cambodia0029300000061000000281032500000000960China5902942448200909026896360105110978008318987516866936278427501227442484455994913997592520012892204631346174Fiji000000000000000016403800000000203India44146204141750039717868252416332691466229495736075391333435779331706135126744847830206340381330596Indonesia2424561033290000196200420886192262630191419497251028120212500030317Lao PDR00990000019000000056205000530000738Malaysia0012757000001050016383150001862195111410000000028335Mongolia0000008300000000025000000000045378Myanmar0000000000000000000000000000Nepal0000000330000000082086700000000982North Korea0000000000000000900000000009Pakistan0086000011028904790400075233139052790000007306Papua New Guinea000000000000001836000126000000001962Philippines00965000000288000030606373632165201111600004368043Singapore0064000000000000002345100000000349South Korea00270000018001031102140003969904161685357084032247402300103598Sri Lanka0022500000000001620010350136000000011559Thailand00348600000177430000002021966831905040098004115376Vietnam0016000001202260006770006779197114260001000022217575Europe & Central Asia4730260000000318382169150280027012466040325302022000142125211Albania0000000000401500000000001840000239Armenia00000000000001900111675377000000001182Azerbaijan000000000003630111400015000000001231616Bosnia and Herzegovina000000000000000000005800000058Cyprus0000000000000000001750000000723898Georgia00000000000001056001432860000000001485Kyrgyzstan0Macedonia000000000000169000160000000000184Malta00000000000000000100000000000100Moldova47300000000027830000000000183800002592Montenegro0000000000000000000000000000Serbia0026000000000055400005200000005751207Tajikistan0Turkmenistan0000000000000306700000000000003067Uzbekistan0000000000000921800017000319500000012583Africa41203858000065742460707436773080481205096141915970169360178424600467484849Algeria00000000000000000000107000000107Angola000000000000013710003340000000000017050Burkina Faso0Burundi0000000000000000000000000000Cameroon00000000000000000336000000000336Cape Verde0000000000000000000000000000Chad0Congo DR24500000042000000000187000054300001017Cte d'Ivoire00960000000000000011670000000001263Egypt0081300000038907426600000204800697000000250715462Equatorial Guinea0Ethiopia00000000000000000000001790000179Gabon0Gambia0000000000000000000000000000Ghana000000000000000001520000000017Kenya0066100000000000812038018000289000341854Lesotho000000012000000000000000000012Liberia00000000000000000187000000000187Libya0000000000000000000000000000Madagascar00000000000000001190000004000123Malawi0000000000000000000000000000Mali000000000000000094000000000094Mauritius000000000000000006100000000061Morocco001310000000000000080221400002270019783353Mozambique0000000000000000000000600006Namibia0000000000000000000000000000Niger00000000000000000000001750000175Nigeria0000000101204300921672000067400000000017650Rwanda000000062000000000000000900071Senegal12012000000000000000116000000000249Sierra Leone0000000000000000000000000000South Africa001680000055404174009243740015333473630985800000017333Sudan0000000000000000000000000000Swaziland00199000000000000000000000000199Tanzania00126000000000000001112000037300001612Togo0Tunisia000000000000000004125000006001554286Uganda1540290000000000000135212000021900001767Zambia00000003870000000000000000000387Zimbabwe0000000000000000000000000000Middle East00192192192192192197263362362382367282263922639226392264226408265472654730862318723187232223322233222332472Iran0000000000030564371001003730000000004572Iraq0000000000000000000000000000Israel00192000004984002270000282897041271010065002498927Jordan000000000000224100001140000000002354Kuwait0000000000000000000000000000Lebanon0000000500000000000000000005Oman0000000000000000000000000000Qatar0000000000018013986000000000000014004Saudi Arabia00000000000000000110000000000110Syria0000000030000000045600188000000646United Arab Emirates000000001415038700000186420000287000930Yemen00000000000009240000000000000Total416925132144225253479227585313912120481550409503082114061264238355954962933884851983871090772666327214941307479813587032698383913186442367621
InvestExhange rates (1 US$=)Source: www.oanda.com (daily
exchange rates per country 2000-2012)Table 1: Sub-types: Resources,
technologies, industry sectors (not all types are subdivided in
sub-types)Projects with negative or teminated validations by DOEs
or rejected by EB or withdrawn are not
included.Argentina2.96PesosNumber of
projectskCERsAverageMWkUS$/CER/yrInvestment in registered
projectsAtRequestBrazil2.23ReaisAssumed CER
price=12US$TypeSub-types used in CDM projectsAtRequestRegis-Of
theseTotalIssuedIssuanceTotalAllAll
years2004200520062007200820092010201120122013validationregistrationChina7.64Yuanvalidationregistrationteredw/issuanceSuccessprojectsMillion
US$Colombia2237.98PesosAgricultureIrrigation0011000Costa
Rica456.26Colonestotal:Energy
efficiency000000Cyprus0.48Pounds2Alternative
fertilisers000000Dominican Republic30.17PesosNo
tillage000000Ecuador1.00US$?Rice crops1001000Egypt5.32PoundsBagasse
power34310357140807777%339636015800836751022611601641617268070Europe0.84EuroBiomassPalm
oil solid
waste70441551405073%32911634900126451893333840670Guatamala7.80QuetzalesEnergyAgricultural
residues: other
kinds711225672971112167%4630213459200299422267273472562216413311969India45.84Rupeestotal:Agricultural
residues: rice
husk47212661175622981%129819311970279310261272183452962838511Indonesia9259.60IDR
Rupiahs845Agricultural residues: mustard
crop408212440112%82199630141606081090260Israel4.15New
ShekelsAgricultural residues: poultry
litter2062817467%64137680090015019250180Jamaica65.59Dollars*Black
liquor
Jrgen Fenhann: A residue from Paper & Pulp. A mixture of
lignin, water and the chemicals
used.0083866498%3141538200191710160019000Malaysia3.57RinggitForest
residues: sawmill
waste5032937510993%2412426070036604501079431350Mexico11.13PesosForest
residues:
other13030543163773%7892316960153462626101652751023650Morocco8.11DirhamsForest
biomass70631333971%4820739001360000200440Pakistan66.97PKR
RupeeIndustrial
waste40711044118590000.0200255090Philippines48.98PesosGasification
of biomass3011114118%23225440001124211140120South
Africa7.63RandSwitch from fossil fuel to piped
biogas003131824%0125290000000623000South Korea1129.28Won*Biomass
briquettes or
pellets141143294276%01034200111023323414Thailand37.26BahtBiodiesel
1001001300000000000050Vietnam16557.83Vietnam Dong (VND)Biodiesel
from waste oil2103005700000000000287Iran7848.85Iranian
rialEthanol000000CementClinker
replacement81211230302448%0782840010354093003509610CO2 usageCO2
recycling003131031%03783000060020210003CO2 replacement0000000Coal
Mine
Methane1516431802948864%1305431235000190802622951971525925513In the
PDD project participants have to show that their project is
additional, e.g. that the project would not have happened without
CDM. Most approved CDM project methodologies demand that the
Additionality Tool is used. This tool describes the two
possibilities to show Additionality: 1) a financial calculation or
2) a barrier analysis. If the first option was chosen the PDD will
often contain the value for the investment in the project. This
value is then written in the Investment column in the CDM_project
sheet that contains a line of information for each CDM project. If
the investment is not in US$ the value is converted to this unit
using the currency table in the Invest sheet. The next step is to
calculate the average investment per ton of CO2 reduced per year
for each project sub-type. The CDM_project sheet has a column that
for each CDM project contains the average annual GHG reduction for
the first 7 year crediting period or the 10 year crediting period.
For each project sub-type these values are added and then divided
by the total investment for the same number of projects. To
calculate this unit reduction cost the information on investment
for all projects are used, including from project that are
withdrawn and rejected by EB and DOEs. These unit reduction costs
can be found in table 1 in the Invest sheet. The total average
annual GHG reduction is now calculated for all the projects in each
sub-type that are registered each year. These values are then
multiplied by the unit reduction cost mentioned above in order to
get the annual investment (in million US$) in these registered
projects. The resulting investment time series are shown in table
1. This table also show the total expected investments in the
project that are at validation and that have requested registration
(calculated using the same methodology.
Table 2 show the investments for each project type, calculated by summing over sub-type in table 1.
Time series for the total expected investment in projects still at validation or having requested registration are show in table 3. In this table the projects at validation are allocated to the year, when they had their start date for their 30 days public comment period. The projects that have requested registration to the year they requested registration. The registered projects to the year of registration, and the registered projects with issuance to the year of first issuance.
Coal Mine/Coal Bed Methane30030541100000000000024910bed CH4CMM
& Ventilation Air
Methane501131622212%975616200007121607302250106Ventilation Air
Methane10670122380000000010700110District
heating40114151185147%04512455000000104165469706630EnergyReplacement
of district heating
boilers1012001542002000000080distributionConnection of Isolated
grid5011631683%06130003000000135028Efficient electricity
distribution3025001108670000000067010580EE
Lighting704355018977%09713800000122652480310Households:Stoves121373504931%066490000021092542413104Lighting
& Insulation &
Solar0011000Appliances1113000Chemicals401792141166%1728817600109623400934130EEPetrochemicals111982151259%3656553100559114934241960123industryPaper801051837969%311877300614601403301250total:Cement41821351159%065492002370000449317148Iron
& steel
813112784%0458280030001780019940Machinery2035004103000000030060Textiles3022580126%191345000050000060Electronics302500250520000200000001180Food21316266%029532000103002901325Building
materials110132248761%0758298005112603450159144990Glass
202144191%87461600011000500320Non-ferrous
metals30417649197%010855830006000005240960Coke
oven1001001100000000000070Mining
302151581%031190002000007320Construction000000Metal
products0000006040000000000000Wood
000000Recycling0011001135000000005000Chemicals
heat6015621171860%23414218400011169529618900EEPetrochemicals
heat401071498885%151168172000287154431480360Own generationCarbon
black gas3042738798%8918263008020070280250total:Cement
heat26412557155950983%192721118660037741913112854624901632343426Iron
& steel
heat54185541404462179%473517237580013890710041908012484254550729Building
materials heat0011116563%12186120000120000000Glass
heat20460272793200009020200200Non-ferrous metals
heat3062911446%833139500016011057110240Coke oven
gas221502273636476%260019119290084654881481583026067886579HVAC
& lighting1202140019430000020010300EEAir
conditioning1012002376000000006020serviceEE new
buildings11315963%02461001000000010total:Street
lighting201300218800000000802041Lighting in
service30030011950000000000050Water pumping1012000Water
purification1001000EE public stoves3003000EE public
buildings10340015637400740000000310EE commercial
buildings30140212631100000000110570Single cycle to combined
cycle11017328196380%9874458342900015768273154187229229938630Cogeneration152204377960%10515833332300723614643023207703018392Co-firing
with biomass000000EEHigher efficiency coal
power290913860628%64657130712443000002405489545326110337980supply
sideHigher efficiency oil
power101200235241000000002410150total:Higher efficiency using waste
heat3031618991%0742900000900200120121Power plant
rehabilitation1074824687%216411001812000010Higher efficiency steam
boiler1012000Afforestation228212423-26%0172041200000205413619112145510ForestsMangroves1012000Agroforestry1021380227%0067Reforestation1513715539826155%0131182003004630901033931Coal
to natural gas140632038847%362132814304390890209022330Coal to
oil0000000FossilLignite to natural gas0000000fuel switchNew natural
gas
plant1704420613395566%2640438712256000161728051722112910472876106141330total:New
natural gas plant using
LNG11128141083844%1223030953540000278236250131618960603274144Oil to
electricity1001020Oil to LPG0000000Oil to natural
gas170311848391093%144213527900334160384411623290Oil field flaring
reduction100195291383785%8824532110053361396771155032871552760Oil
and gas processing
flaring1067025332228400031300017178520FugitiveNatural gas
pipelines1013514524191%202653202460000090055328180563402320total:Non-hydrocarbon
mining00110540100000000100000Spontaneously ignition of coal
piles00000059Charcoal
production4042810061%640019600060179100829320GeothermalGeothermal
electricity2129832701284%265460267170088127504091804801047916835Geothermal
heating0031328178%14457400000003024200HFCsHFC2300191919513282108%01590633113600000023HFC134a103400286180000013040040Run
of
river21418141749116498571086%7294446671853018111752179261256898693893240975141725480540HydroExisting
dam1828946109947588%486642036750801681153329399312097813230325total:Higher
efficiency hydro power20240179593500000000350202286New
dam4714762045248091588%36640424373560170607223258294663873314206106940761120Landfill
flaring161113511302178854%9831542049128695858421510022393Landfill
power273166661962661845%10117119804844275362842281372624974336718Landfill
gasCombustion of MSW
Jrgen Fenhann: Including
incineration803974752786%83141719490000012614425011562713890total:Gasification
of MSW101209209190000000019070Biogas from
MSW001102735140000000014000420Landfill
aeration001100551000000100000Integrated solid waste
management
Jrgen Villy Fenhann: Several technologies
used802100191143900030000090850Switch from fossil fuel to piped
landfill gas0021219103%032910600003000103000Landfill
composting602583121134%02684620024114148184015301040Manure321244992771021247%124484040331781826192221834592Domestic
manure304164455868%0159257018000162351860160MethaneWaste
water40425284296658570%406112134800389354390922144135333921avoidanceIndustrial
solid waste100101082400000000000100737Palm oil
waste122473615579%581031730000000191495468Aerobic treatment of
waste
water0021213365%0433000020000100Composting1604075613232%0354800045149880390MixedSolar
& wind10718287%31012114930000030049001540renewablesSolar &
wind & hydro00000010Solar & wind &
other100100109300000000000110Wind &
hydro001111454%45995000500000000N2OAdipic
acid00444203713124%01.23601801700000000total:Nitric
acid4097511015498188%0195130041951141028241291150108Caprolactam0032366175%019180000030160000PFCs+SF6PFCs2042610559%016510400007138400072018SF62010612427581%020.689000001246310030Solar
PV5373041836422693%71131973156320077021961651677130984173630202Solar
lamps0011000SolarSolar PV water disinfection0022000total:Solar
thermal power609150995192725900000033702641989012600408Solar
thermal heat0022001764140000000014000Solar water
heating0062610498%04137100000023480000Solar
cooking0018618658121%0273800000211025000TidalTidal0011143378%254210466400664000000000Bus
Rapid
Transit101341481535%036427483008980007941650414204360Motorbikes0044000TransportMode
shift: Road to
rail4071118418%01053114268000000078732865353070000More efficient
train system000000More efficient vehicles0011000total:Rail:
regenerative
braking00111130105%01128460.00.00.0460.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.037Metro:
efficient operation0000000Scrapping old vehicles000000Biodiesel for
transport4015007610.00.00.00.00.00.010.00.00.050.70.0Cable
cars0011001497260000002600000WindWind274212309698260413792981%12045469315284003972131488140157088188412953284630132311807399Total
14359072892466881413875634007984081514891391991390815584306865118679946194765119161244334048
Number of projectsMWUS$/CER/yrInvestment in project registered projectsAtRequestTypes used in CDM projectsAtRequestRegisteredOf theseTotalTotalAllAll years2004200520062007200820092010201120122013validationregistrationvalidationregistrationw/issuanceprojectsMillion US$Agriculture1010200000000000000Biomass energy214862522984711258944706513421175603387806142832723692910101Cement8121123002840010354093003509610CO2 usage003130300006002021000Coal bed/mine methane24181341061468147600019015026531020729459298313Energy distribution13015528025270023001041654764018650EE households2028281040187000001436617245513EE industry544893314711118710081342210416671957104118976EE own generation12163001514279858811000268109018476831302112916341561889151EE service2811214121040075002002701290EE supply side622581312285048194760081671042834509247195484106940707392Forests193481870059500300668322620115538510Fossil fuel switch50193491444369818033047316583232408717161404479710637298274Fugitive 150431258372239470053365199168857788190613387664920Geothermal2132935265467910088127504091830480442479168HFCs10221923076063311319040040Hydro28121198474122861146291129180278134429014877118111434918873559962490318611685Landfill gas664350133420197151124892427473187461508528205233799121Methane avoidance10476242007355982233051216116874401262978396350832Mixed renewables2082104980005030049001650N2O40104571080567018411121141048401291150PFCs and SF64014818019300007251303100750Solar597342264088108183450077025351891999151264174890202Tidal0011125466400664000000000Transport902863702182500898460082195237007353074860Wind274212309698260412045415284003972131488140157088188412953284630132311807399Total1435907289246688144004834081514891391991390815584306865118679946194765119161244334048
Total investmentsAll years2004200520062007200820092010201120122013Million US$Projects at validation the CDMPipeline124433222321705599156902101342222398048663By year of start commentProjects that requested registration404800702909024221581Byyear of request registration Projects registered408151489139199139081558430686511867994619476511916By year of registrationProjects with initial issuance during the year143079486647970122821383626703348904172349650By year of registrationProjects with initial issuance during the year143079052161044515686882614887310714878827709By year of first issuance
Host countryRegisteredAll years2004200520062007200820092010201120122013(Rejected projects excluded)projectsMillion US$Latin America926449174849434911877161014448073145299432059Argentina44172637352881193222931299Bahamas122Belize00Bolivia42233661154Brazil311130374830127324427723425229910062319Chile9745833032711913678823413309161Colombia553162937399313539360153424Costa Rica163381132996718436Cuba21661579Dominican Republic1452686114930278Ecuador25113915121153837813El Salvador723611952613Guatemala192524388819816217310Guyana11616Haiti00Honduras2950271141432479315Jamaica2643628Mexico1859487228150956416355431171614225Nicaragua10505189138449169Panama1910632717101203583322Paraguay2201Peru60464320651462534092632123341071Trinidad and Tobago00Uruguay23975212384287012Asia & Pacific60453237370281503511015138192703143957648081491848606Bangladesh41016244130Bhutan22330232Cambodia973110643708China37122408867015866284119542148535099446391144905280Fiji33612322India1409586041181409422314054229671217189206632656Indonesia14167864815526313390064243111Lao PDR749112122708Malaysia14214742556954405491984404Mongolia4152227124Myanmar1301301Nepal653151919North Korea68383Pakistan32117820244981276441Papua New Guinea9230168251818Philippines699189625101503310246545Singapore4393278South Korea9018521281419114202236137246Sri Lanka121614932666810Thailand13725841411910156235196566Vietnam246684416815249013514530153Europe and Central Asia6822965010127769725544890773920Albania3180314433Armenia6614103164591Azerbaijan550284418Bosnia and Herzegovina22020Cyprus9235502915321Georgia615945900689Kyrgyzstan0Macedonia628421263Malta00Moldova8259374232496Montenegro26161Serbia725323462185Tajikistan00Turkmenistan00Uzbekistan14143512255328180616Africa17212699012854434773709833235964671238Algeria21212Angola00Burkina Faso00Burundi00Cameroon2642Cape Verde00Chad00Congo DR29898Cte dvoire527651037223Egypt19922321722032221339124Equatorial Guinea0Ethiopia144Gabon00Gambia00Ghana26412638Kenya161907471975241140Lesotho122Liberia177Libya26262Madagascar327217Malawi00Mali18888Mauritius225223Morocco14140812876111508683Mozambique00Namibia211Niger00Nigeria10184736764613862571Rwanda4725Senegal421013197Sierra Leone12020South Africa53395948151741224802850361Sudan00Swaziland00Tanzania314625Togo00Tunisia66222158813Uganda13512171469241Zambia21495Zimbabwe199Middle-East7838330036627753144727177812Iran131262114351114Iraq00Israel3187934923322956816411Jordan418854315117Kuwait13131Lebanon61212Oman21911901Qatar1613613Saudi Arabia33636Syria3844United Arab Emirates146143784231Yemen00Total (76 countries)7289408151489139199139081558430686511867994619476511916Least Developed Countries (LDCs have this colour)6328980213424683828491239336Host countryRegisteredAll years2004200520062007200820092010201120122013Share of(Rejected projects excluded)projectsMillion US$investmentsChina37122408860701586628411954214853509944639114490528059.0%India1409586040118140942231405422967121718920663265614.4%Latin America92644917484943491187716101444807314529943205911.0%Rest of Asia924242460932040509460131621472981140316705.9%Africa172126990128544347737098332359646712383.1%Middle-East78383300366277531447271778120.9%Europe and Central Asia68229650101277697255448907739205.6%Total7289408151489139199139081558430686511867994619476511916100.0%
RegionsLatin America:Projects rejected by DOEs or EB or withdrawn are not included.Table 1:Table 2:Chart 3:Chart 4:Latin AmericaTotal Number RegisteredkCER2012 Chart 1:Chart 2:Latin AmericaNumber kCER2012 Brazil41535%31145%Afforestation50.4%1.0%Mexico21018%18517%Agriculture00.0%0.0%Chile12010%979%Biomass energy14011.8%8.8%Colombia857%556%Cement10.1%0.0%Peru655%603%CO2 usage30.3%0.0%Argentina555%449%Coal bed/mine methane10.1%0.4%Ecuador424%252%Energy distribution50.4%0.3%Honduras353%291%EE households10.1%0.3%Guatemala272%192%EE industry110.9%0.4%Panama272%190.6%EE own generation100.8%0.3%Others1019%826%EE service00.0%0.0%Uruguay302.5%230.5%EE supply side121.0%1.4%Costa Rica171.4%160.7%Fossil fuel switch141.2%1.0%Dominican Republic191.6%140.5%Fugitive 80.7%0.4%Nicaragua121.0%101.3%Geothermal70.6%1.1%El Salvador80.7%71.0%HFCs20.2%6.5%Bolivia40.3%40.9%Hydro15713.3%31.6%Paraguay40.3%20.0%Landfill gas22719.2%12.7%Cuba20.2%20.7%Methane avoidance00.0%0.0%Jamaica20.2%20.1%Mixed renewables31726.8%11.7%Belize10.1%00.0%N2O141.2%13.7%Bahamas10.1%10.0%PFCs and SF630.3%0.4%Guyana10.1%10.1%24CountriesReforestation171.4%2.1%Total1182100%926329018Chart 5:Solar252.1%0.0%Tidal00.0%0.0%Transport141.2%0.9%No CDM projects yet in:Wind18815.9%5.0%HaitiRenewables83470.6%58.1%VenezuelaMethane avoidance131.1%0.8%Landfill gas22719.2%12.7%Fuel switch141.2%1.0%Supply-side EE272.3%2.0%Demand-side EE262.2%1.6%HFC & N2O reduction191.6%20.7%Afforestation & Reforestation221.9%3.1%Total1182100%100%
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Asia & Pacific:Chart 6:Chart 7:Table 4:Chart 8:Chart 9:South-EastTypesNumber of Registered projectsTable 3:Asia & PacificNumber kCER2012 AsiaTotal200420052006200720082009201020112012Asia & PacificTotal Number RegisteredkCER2012 Afforestation40.1%0.0%CambodiaAll types5001021010China398156%371271%Agriculture20.0%0.0%Biomass energy11India211029%140917%Biomass energy6749.4%5.2%Methane avoidance321Vietnam2584%2460.9%Cement270.4%1.2%EE own generation11Indonesia1682%1412%CO2 usage00.0%0.0%IndonesiaAll types75008492116170Thailand1692%1370.8%Coal bed/mine methane1051.5%4.8%Methane avoidance (most waste water)352121488Malaysia1612%1421%Energy distribution230.3%0.4%Biomass energy1132312South Korea961%905%EE households791.1%0.1%Landfill gas711311Philippines811%690.4%EE industry1171.6%0.5%Cement11Pakistan420.6%320.4%EE OwnGeneration4015.6%8.1%Hydro615Sri Lanka280.4%120.1%EE service310.4%0.0%EE industry211Others691%480%EE supply side871.2%1.3%EE supply side211Papua New Guinea110.2%90.1%Fossil fuel switch1031.4%6.8%Fossil fuel switch3120Lao PDR140.2%70.04%Fugitive 160.2%0.5%Fugitive11Nepal80.1%60.05%Geothermal230.3%0.4%Geothermal4112Cambodia100.1%90.1%HFCs210.3%23.8%N2O11Singapore80.1%40.02%Hydro2012.8%3.0%PFCs and SF&11Bangladesh70.1%40.1%Landfill gas4846.8%2.1%Solar11Mongolia40.1%40.0%Methane avoidance100.1%0.0%Lao PDRAll types2000100010Bhutan40.1%20.0%Mixed renewables192526.8%17.0%Hydro11Fiji30.04%30.01%N2O680.9%9.5%EE industry11Total7163100%6038189607219CountriesPFCs and SF6130.2%0.5%MalaysiaAll types1060012149439190Reforestation180.3%0.3%Methane avoidance (composting & waste water)63773757Chart 10:Solar3575.0%0.2%Biomass energy (mostly palm oil solid waste)30113349Tidal10.0%0.0%Landfill gas611121Transport220.3%0.0%EE industry33Wind235832.9%13.9%Fossil fuel switch11Renewables553977.3%39.8%EE supply side11Methane avoidance1602.2%6.5%Hydro211Landfill gas4846.8%2.1%PhilippinesAll types5700785206110Fuel switch1031.4%6.8%Methane avoidance (most manure)375611825Supply-side EE5117.1%9.8%Biomass energy511111Demand-side EE2493.5%0.7%EE own generation11HFC & N2O reduction1021.4%33.8%Landfill gas52111Afforestation & Reforestation220.3%0.3%Hydro5113Total7170100%100%Wind11N2O11Geothermal11EE own generation11SingaporeAll types21100Landfill gas11Biomass energy11ThailandAll types68000552012243Methane avoidance (Mostly waste water)461318618Biomass energy1041221Chart 11:EE own generation33Landfill gas51112Solar321Wind1N2O11VietnamAll types114002001827589Hydro921725527Biomass energy211Fugitive11Wind11Methane acoidance14752Landfill gas321Reforestation11 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Africa:AfricaNumber kCER2012 -AfricaTotal Number RegisteredkCER2012 Afforestation31.1%0.5% -South Africa7328.0%5317333Agriculture00.0%0.0%Kenya2810.7%161854Biomass energy2810.7%4.5%Egypt259.6%1915462Cement20.8%0.0%Morocco186.9%143353CO2 usage00.0%0.0%Nigeria166.1%1017650Coal bed/mine methane00.0%0.0%Uganda186.9%131767Energy distribution00.0%0.0%Tunisia83.1%64286EE households176.5%0.8%Tanzania72.7%31612EE industry145.4%0.5%Ghana51.9%217EE OwnGeneration135.0%0.7%Senegal51.9%4249EE service41.5%0.0%Angola51.9%017050EE supply side62.3%0.1%Cte d'Ivoire51.9%51263Fossil fuel switch103.8%4.3%Zambia51.9%2387Fugitive 103.8%36.3%Congo DR41.5%21017Geothermal51.9%1.0%Rwanda41.5%471HFCs00.0%0.0%Cameroon41.5%2336Hydro3111.9%16.7%Madagascar31.1%3123Landfill gas114.2%0.7%Ethiopia31.1%1179Methane avoidance00.0%0.0%Burundi31.1%00Mixed renewables218.0%6.0%Mauritius20.8%261N2O135.0%20.0%Algeria20.8%2107PFCs and SF600.0%0.0%Namibia20.8%20Reforestation207.7%2.1%Libya20.8%20Solar135.0%0.3%Mozambique20.8%06Tidal00.0%0.0%Malawi20.8%00Transport10.4%0.0%Sudan10.4%00Wind3914.9%5.5%Swaziland10.4%0199Renewables13752.5%34.0%Mali10.4%194Methane avoidance124.6%36.3%Liberia10.4%1187Landfill gas114.2%0.7%Lesotho10.4%112Fuel switch103.8%4.3%Niger10.4%0175Supply-side EE197.3%0.8%Cape Verde10.4%00Demand-side EE3613.8%1.3%Sierra Leone10.4%10HFC & N2O reduction135.0%20.0% - - - - - - -Zimbabwe10.4%10Afforestation & Reforestation238.8%2.6%Gambia10.4%00Togo00.0%00Total261100%100%Equatorial Guinea00.0%00Total261100%17284849 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -No CDM projects yet in: -ComorosDjiboutiEritreaGuinea-BissauMauritaniaSeychelles
- - -Middle East & North Africa (MENA):NumberRegistered2012 kCERsAlgeria22107Egypt251915462Iran22134572Iraq300Israel 35318927Jordan442354Kuwait310Lebanon665Libya220Morocco 18143353Oman220Qatar2114004Saudi Arabia53110Syria43646 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Tunisia864286 - - -UAE1714930 -Yemen20924MENA total16012155680 -Projects rejected by DOEs or EB or withdrawn are not included. -No CDM projects yet in:Bahrain - - - - - - - -*
- - -
Least developed Countries (LDC)CDM ProjectsNumberRegistered2012 kCERsLDC Total1146528145Bangladesh741110Bhutan42503Cambodia109960Lao PDR147738Myanmar111Nepal86982LDC Asia & Pacific44294294Angola5017050Burundi300Congo DR421017Equatorial Guinea000Ethiopia31179Gambia100Lesotho1112Liberia11187Madagascar33123Malawi200Mali1194Mozambique206Niger10175Rwanda4471Senegal54249Sierra Leone110Sudan100Tanzania731612Togo000Uganda18131767Zambia52387LDC Afrika683622927Yemen20924LDC Middle East20924Projects rejected by DOEs or EB or withdrawn are not included.List of the 31 LDC countries with no CDM projects or PoAsCountryDNA existAfghanistanNoBeninYesCentral African RepublicNoComorosNoDjiboutiYesEritreaYesGuineaYesGuinea BissauYesKiribatiNoMauritaniaYesSamoaYesSao Tome and PrincipeYesSolomon IslandsNoSomaliaNoTimor-LesteNoTuvaluNoVanuatuYes
- - -Small Island Developing States (SIDS)CDM projectsNumberRegistered2012 kCERsSIDS Total42326877Bahamas1123Cuba222441Dominican Republic19141490Guyana11208Jamaica22489SIDS Latin America25204651Fiji33203Papua New Guinea1191962SIDS Asia & Pacific14122164Cape Verde100Mauritius2061SIDS Afrika3061Projects rejected by DOEs or EB or withdrawn are not included.List of the 28 SIDS countries with no CDM projectsCountryDNA existAntigua and BarbudaYesBahrainYesBarbadosYesBelizeYesComorosNoCook IslandsNoDominicaNoGrenadaYesGuinea-BissauYesHaitiYesKiribatiNoMaldivesYesMarshall IslandsNoFederated States of MicronesiaNoNauruNoNiueNoPalauNoSamoaYesSo Tom and PrincipeNoSt. Kitts and NevisNoSt. LuciaYesSt. Vincent and the GrenadinesNoSeychellesNoSolomon IslandsNoSurinameYesTimor-LesteNoTongaNoTrinidad and TobagoYesTuvaluNoVanuatuNo
DOEs_AIEsAccreditation (normal font: only validation, Bold: both
validation and verification, Underlined: only verification)Table 1:
Designated Operational Entities for CDM (in yellow)Accredited
Independent Entities for JI (in yellow)Table 2: Scopes versus
TypesNo.Short nameNameCountryStatusScopesInd. letters Applied also
forStatusScopesInd. lettersApplied also forNo.ScopeUNEP Risoe
CDM/JI Pipeline Types1JQAJapan Quality
AssuranceJapanDesignated1,3-5,11,13-14Accredited1,3-5,11,13-141Energy
industries (renewable - / non-renewable sources)EE supply. EE
industry. Wind. Hydro. Biomass energy. Geothermal. Wind. Solar.
Tidal.2JACOJapan Audit and Certification Organisation for Env. And
QualityJapanDesignated 1-4, 13-14Accredited 1-142Energy
distributionEnergy distribution.3DNVDNV Climate Change Services
ASUKDesignated 1-15Accredited 1-153Energy demandEE households. EE
service. EE industry.4CHUOChuoAoyama PwC Sustainability Research
Institute Corporation
J. Fenhann, UNEP Risoe Centre: Formally, Chuo Sustainability
Research Institute Co. Ltd. (CSRI)JapanWithdrawn4Manufacturing
industriesEE industry. EE supply. Cement. Fossil fuel switch.
Biomass energy.5TV-SDTV SD South Asia Private Limited
GermanyDesignated 1-15Accredited 1-155Chemical industryN2O. Biomass
(AM27).6Deloitte-TECODeloitte Tohmatsu Evaluation and
Certiification Organization JapanDesignated
1-10,12-13,15Withdrawn6Construction7JCIJapan Consulting
InstituteJapanDesignated1,2,4-5,9-10,
13Withdrawn7TransportTransport. Biofuel.8AZSAAZSA &
CoJapanIndicative letter1,2,3,108Mining/Mineral productionCoal
bed/mine methane.9BV CertBureau Veritas CertificationUKDesignated
1-15Accredited 1-159Metal productionPFCs10SGSSocit Gnrale de
Surveillance UK UKDesignated 1-13,1510Fugitive emissions from fuels
(solid, oil and gas)Fugitive. Coal bed/mine methane. Leaks from gas
pipelines.11KEMCOKorea Energy Management CorporationS.
KoreaDesignated 1-1511Fugitive emissions from production and
consumption of halocarbons and sulphur hexafluorideHFCs,
SF612PricewaterhouseCoopers Certification
B.V.NetherlandsWithdrawn12Solvents use13TV-RheinTV Rheinland
(China)GermanyDesignated 1-15Accredited 1-1513Waste handling and
disposalLandfill, Biogas, Agriculture14KPMGKPMG-AZSA
SustainabilityNetherlandsWas designated1-3,10Accredited
1-4,1314Afforestation and reforestationAfforestation.
Reforestation.15URSURS Verification
Ltd.UKWithdrawn15AgricultureAgriculture16ERM CVSERM Certification
and Verification Service Ltd. UKDesignated 1-5, 8-10, 13 7,
1117CloustonClouston Environmental Sdn. Bhd.Malaysia 1-13The
difference between my two type biogass and agriculture is that for
Agriculture the CH is only flared, where biogas is used for energy
purpose and therefore18BSIBritish Standard
InstitutionUKWithdrawn1,2,3 Withdrawn EB44can be grouped with other
renewables.19NexantNexant inc.USWithdrawn
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