CARBON NANO TUBESD.AKSHAYAB.TECH IT-A
WHAT ARE CARBON NANO TUBES?
An allotrope of carbon Allotrope- different structural form of the
same element(here carbon) Fullerene family-entirely made of carbon Rolled-graphene structures
ALLOTROPES OF CARBON
carbon
Diamond Graphite Fullerene
DIAMOND AND GRAPHITE Diamond-carbon
atoms tetrahedrally linked covalent bonds in -3D
Hybridisation- sp3
Non-conductor
Graphite-Hexagonally linked carbon atoms
Hybridisation-sp2
Conductor-as it contains unpaired electrons
3
FULLERENES They are molecules composed entirely
of carbon, which take the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. Spherical fullerenes are sometimes called buckyballs, while cylindrical fullerenes are called buckytubes or nanotubes.
BUCKY BALLSpherical in shape .A ball with 32 faces. Of the 32 faces, 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons . Looks exactly like a soccer ball(FOOTBALL)
BUCKY TUBES Carbon nano tubes- name is derived from their size,
since the diameter of a nanotube is of the order of a few nanometers (1/50,000 times the width of a human hair) while they can be up to several centimeters in length
TYPES OF CNT
No.of sheets rolled
•Single walled-CNT(SWNT)•Multi walled-CNT(MWNT)
Direction of rolling
•Zig-zag•Arm-chair•Chiral
SWNT & MWNT SWNT-single
sheet of graphene
MWNT- multiple sheets of graphene rolled about a common axis(i.e concentric circles)
ZIG-ZAG,ARMCHAIR &CHIRAL CNT
PROPERTIESELECTRICAL
•The direction of rolling determines the electrical properties•Arm chair-metallic(conducting)•Chiral CNT- semiconducting•Generally CNT-1/3 metallic and 2/3 semiconducting properties in CNT•The band gap is inversely is proportional to its diameter (semiconducting CNT)
MECHANICAL
• The Young's modulus is over 1 Tera Pascal(Larger the young’s modulus, lesser is the stability)•It is stiff as diamond•The estimated tensile strength is 200 Giga Pascal•It is 10 times stronger than steel
OPTICAL
•Efficiently absorbs-uv,visible and IR rays-used in solar panels
•Absorption of electromagnetic waves especially microwaves helps enhancing stealth characteristics of military vehicles &aircrafts
APPLICATIONS OF CNT Textiles-water proof &tear resistant
fabrics Combat jackets/body armour-bullet
proof wears Constructions-CNT bridges replacing
steel suspensions As super-conductors,diodes,transistors As capacitors-to increase charging
ability BUCKY PAPER-250 times stronger than
steel & 10 times lighter than it-used as “Faraday cage” to protect airplanes, electric devices
FIELD OF MEDICINE Artificial muscles-sufficient contractility Scaffold materials for osteoblast
proliferation and bone formationOther uses: Air pollution filter Desalination of water-Reverse Osmosis POLYETHYLENE+CNT- elastic modulus >
30% Hydrogen storage 65% by weight
GEODESIC-DOME-MONTREAL,CANADA
THANK YOU!
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