Carbon nano tubes
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CARBON NANO TUBESD.AKSHAYAB.TECH IT-A
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WHAT ARE CARBON NANO TUBES?
An allotrope of carbon Allotrope- different structural form of the
same element(here carbon) Fullerene family-entirely made of carbon Rolled-graphene structures
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ALLOTROPES OF CARBON
carbon
Diamond Graphite Fullerene
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DIAMOND AND GRAPHITE Diamond-carbon
atoms tetrahedrally linked covalent bonds in -3D
Hybridisation- sp3
Non-conductor
Graphite-Hexagonally linked carbon atoms
Hybridisation-sp2
Conductor-as it contains unpaired electrons
3
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FULLERENES They are molecules composed entirely
of carbon, which take the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. Spherical fullerenes are sometimes called buckyballs, while cylindrical fullerenes are called buckytubes or nanotubes.
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BUCKY BALLSpherical in shape .A ball with 32 faces. Of the 32 faces, 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons . Looks exactly like a soccer ball(FOOTBALL)
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BUCKY TUBES Carbon nano tubes- name is derived from their size,
since the diameter of a nanotube is of the order of a few nanometers (1/50,000 times the width of a human hair) while they can be up to several centimeters in length
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TYPES OF CNT
No.of sheets rolled
•Single walled-CNT(SWNT)•Multi walled-CNT(MWNT)
Direction of rolling
•Zig-zag•Arm-chair•Chiral
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SWNT & MWNT SWNT-single
sheet of graphene
MWNT- multiple sheets of graphene rolled about a common axis(i.e concentric circles)
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ZIG-ZAG,ARMCHAIR &CHIRAL CNT
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PROPERTIESELECTRICAL
•The direction of rolling determines the electrical properties•Arm chair-metallic(conducting)•Chiral CNT- semiconducting•Generally CNT-1/3 metallic and 2/3 semiconducting properties in CNT•The band gap is inversely is proportional to its diameter (semiconducting CNT)
MECHANICAL
• The Young's modulus is over 1 Tera Pascal(Larger the young’s modulus, lesser is the stability)•It is stiff as diamond•The estimated tensile strength is 200 Giga Pascal•It is 10 times stronger than steel
OPTICAL
•Efficiently absorbs-uv,visible and IR rays-used in solar panels
•Absorption of electromagnetic waves especially microwaves helps enhancing stealth characteristics of military vehicles &aircrafts
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APPLICATIONS OF CNT Textiles-water proof &tear resistant
fabrics Combat jackets/body armour-bullet
proof wears Constructions-CNT bridges replacing
steel suspensions As super-conductors,diodes,transistors As capacitors-to increase charging
ability BUCKY PAPER-250 times stronger than
steel & 10 times lighter than it-used as “Faraday cage” to protect airplanes, electric devices
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FIELD OF MEDICINE Artificial muscles-sufficient contractility Scaffold materials for osteoblast
proliferation and bone formationOther uses: Air pollution filter Desalination of water-Reverse Osmosis POLYETHYLENE+CNT- elastic modulus >
30% Hydrogen storage 65% by weight
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GEODESIC-DOME-MONTREAL,CANADA
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THANK YOU!