1. OBJECTIVE..As a result of completing this module you should
beable to understand the:The concept of : Electrical Safety
Analyzers Performance Analyzers Simulators & Controllers
2. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERSWho we are ?What we do?
3. WHO WE ARE? Biomedical engineering is a team ofengineering
professionals working in aclinical environment to resolve
technologyissues related to patient careWhat we do? Biomedical
engineers provide their servicesby reducing the risks, improve
patientoutcome and enhance patient care in a costeffective
manner
4. FOR THE HEALTH INDUSTRY ,BE IT HOSPITALS ORMANUFACTURES
OFMEDICAL EQUIPMENT-NOTHINGCOUNTS MORETHAN THE SAFETY
OFPATIENT.
5. Hence proper Testing , Repairing , andCalibrations of
medical Equipment's isnecessary
6. Why testing and calibration isnecessary?
7. Testing and Calibration
8. CLASSIFICATION OF LAB DEVICES
9. WE CAN DIVIDE LAB DEVICES IN TOTHREE TYPES:1. Electrical
Safety Analyzers2. Performance Analyzers3. Simulators &
Controllers
10. 1: ELECTRICAL SAFETYTESTINGAND ANALYZERS
11. ELECTRICAL SAFETY TESTSTo conform to such standards, the
product must pass safetytests such as the high voltage test (also
called as Dielectricvoltage-withstand test or high potential test),
Mains Voltage Dual Lead Voltage Dual Lead Leakage Current
Consumption Insulation Resistance Test, Ground (Earth) Bond &
Ground Continuity Test & LeakageCurrent Test (also called as
Line Leakage Test, EarthLeakage Current Test, Enclosure Leakage
Current Test or Patient Leakage CurrentTest).These tests are
described in IEC 60335, IEC 61010 and manyother national and
international standards
14. Effects of Electric Current on HumanBodyThreshold of
perception of electricshock is about 1mATingling sensation is felt
whencontacted with electrified objectthrough intact of skinAs
magnitude of alternating current isincreased Tingling sensation
leads tocontraction of muscles Muscular contraction increases
Finally value of current isreached where grip of currentcannot be
released
15. Let -go- current: the max. current at which the subjectis
still capable of releasing a conductor by usingmuscles Here
individual can withstand with no serious effects Average let go
current for males- 16mA, females-10.5mA,approx. 9-6 mA for
both.Hold-on-type: A current level higher than let gocurrent, the
subject looses ability to control his ownmuscle action and unable
to release grip on theconductor Such currents are very painful and
hard to bear Physical injury is caused b currents in range of
20-100mAA very high currents (6 amperes and above) lead to
Temporary respiratory paralysis Serious burns
16. Recommendations of IECInternational
ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) said: Continuous medical equipment
currentshould not exceed 100 uA Should be with in a frequency range
of 0to 1kHz In abnormal situations recommendedmax. current is 500
uA Should be in a frequency upto 1 kHz Above 1 kHz max increases
isproportionally with frequency
19. DEFIBRILLATORA device that reverse thefibrillation of
heart.Fibrillation causes theheart to stop pumpingblood, leading to
braindamage
20. DEFIBRILLATOR ANALYZERDefibrillator testers aretesting
devices used inperforming outputmeasurement tests andperformance
verificationon defibrillatorequipment.Defibrillator
analyzersautomate the inspectionand preventivemaintenance testing
ofdefibrillators
21. STANDARD FEATURESMostly these multifaceted devisesperforms
primary measurement of energy, peak voltage, peak current, pulse
width, and charge time test
22. Electrosurgery and ESU
23. ELECTROSURGERYElectrosurgery is the application of high
frequencyelectric current to biological tissue as a mean tocut,
coagulate, desiccate, or fulgurate (sparkingwith the coagulation
wave form) tissue.
24. BENEFITSIts benefits include: The ability to make
precisecuts with limited blood loss. Electrosurgical devices
arefrequently used during surgicaloperations helping to
preventblood loss in hospitaloperating rooms or inoutpatient
procedures.
25. ELECTROSURGERY UNIT TESTERMostly, these multifaceted
devices performs primary measurement of energy, Load Impedance (50
Ohms), peak-to-peak voltage, crest factor, selected load impedance
value,RF current, and RF power tests.RF Leakage tests, including
active and dispersiveelectrode leakage to ground used in
electrosurgicaltesting as well as several additional tests
26. INFUSION/SYRINGE PUMP ANALYZERSInfusion pump testers are
testingdevices used in performing outputmeasurement tests and
performanceverification on infusion pumps, syringepumps, Patient
Controlled Analgesia(PCA) Pumps, and infusion
controllerequipment
27. STANDARD FEATURESMostly, these multifaceted devicesperforms
primary measurements of AverageFlow Rates, Bolus, Total Volume
Delivered and Timingmeasurements, Occlusion and Back Pressure,
Generates simulated performancewaves used in infusion testing as
wellas several additional tests
28. INCUBATORSIt is an enclosed apparatusproviding a
controlledenvironment for the careand protection of prematureor
unusually small babies.
29. INCU INCUBATOR ANALYZERThe INCU is anincubator
analyzer,designed around AAMIand IEC standards, thatspecifies
Temperature, Humidity, Sound and Airflow characteristicsof
incubators.
31. DPM2Plus Pressure MeterThe DPM2PlusUniversal PressureMeter
is designed tomeasure the positiveand negative pressuresof medical
devices ineither liquid or gaseousform to assist in repairand
quality control.
32. DPM4 Parameter TesterDPM4 is ideal for thetesting done as
part ofpreventive maintenanceor repair processeswhenever
measurementof pressure, flow, orrelative humidity isrequired.
33. GAS FLOW ANALYZERBi-directional flow,pressure, volume,
andoxygen concentration,and pressuremeasurementsLow- and
high-pressure,and flow measurementcapability
34. 199 X-RAY MEDICAL SCOPE METERDisplays kVp waveforms and
directkVp valuessimultaneously onan easy-to-readscreen
38. MPS450 PATIENT SIMULATORECG 12-lead simulationinvasive BP
respiration temperatureBP in sync with ECGHHC3 HAND HELDCONTROLLER
is used toremotely operate MPS450
40. BP PUMP 2 NON-INVASIVE BLOODPRESSURE SIMULATORThe BP Pump
2provides dynamic blood-pressuresimulations fortesting adult
andneonatal noninvasiveblood pressuremonitors, including botharm-
and wrist-cufftypes. The analyzerfeatures a preset modefor
simulation of mostpatient conditions andthe capability toprogram
user-definedsimulations
42. DALE40 PHOTOTHERAPYRADIOMETER The DALE40
PhototherapyRadiometer is designed for theaccurate measurement of
lightradiation in the blue part of thespectrum from 400-480
nanometers.Phototherapy exposure in this rangeis used in the
treatment ofhyperbilirubinemia in newbornchildren. The DALE40
provides continuousmeasurement of irradiation by simplyplacing the
detection probe under thephototherapy light (fluorescent
lampsonly). In addition to verifying outputpower, the DALE40 saves
costs byeliminating premature replacement oflamps.