1. 1. OBJECTIVE..As a result of completing this module you should beable to understand the:The concept of : Electrical Safety Analyzers Performance Analyzers Simulators & Controllers
2. 2. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERSWho we are ?What we do?
3. 3. WHO WE ARE? Biomedical engineering is a team ofengineering professionals working in aclinical environment to resolve technologyissues related to patient careWhat we do? Biomedical engineers provide their servicesby reducing the risks, improve patientoutcome and enhance patient care in a costeffective manner
4. 4. FOR THE HEALTH INDUSTRY ,BE IT HOSPITALS ORMANUFACTURES OFMEDICAL EQUIPMENT-NOTHINGCOUNTS MORETHAN THE SAFETY OFPATIENT.
5. 5. Hence proper Testing , Repairing , andCalibrations of medical Equipment's isnecessary
6. 6. Why testing and calibration isnecessary?
7. 7. Testing and Calibration
8. 8. CLASSIFICATION OF LAB DEVICES
9. 9. WE CAN DIVIDE LAB DEVICES IN TOTHREE TYPES:1. Electrical Safety Analyzers2. Performance Analyzers3. Simulators & Controllers
10. 10. 1: ELECTRICAL SAFETYTESTINGAND ANALYZERS
11. 11. ELECTRICAL SAFETY TESTSTo conform to such standards, the product must pass safetytests such as the high voltage test (also called as Dielectricvoltage-withstand test or high potential test), Mains Voltage Dual Lead Voltage Dual Lead Leakage Current Consumption Insulation Resistance Test, Ground (Earth) Bond & Ground Continuity Test & LeakageCurrent Test (also called as Line Leakage Test, EarthLeakage Current Test, Enclosure Leakage Current Test or Patient Leakage CurrentTest).These tests are described in IEC 60335, IEC 61010 and manyother national and international standards
12. 12. ELECTRICAL SAFETY ANALYZERS ESA612 Electrical Safety Analyzer ESA620 ElectricalSafety Analyzer ULT800Ultrasound Transducer Leakage Current Tester medTester 5000C Automated BiomedicalEquipment Test 180 Electrical SafetyAnalyzer 175 Electrical SafetyAnalyzer
13. 13. Effects of ElectricCurrent on HumanBody
14. 14. Effects of Electric Current on HumanBodyThreshold of perception of electricshock is about 1mATingling sensation is felt whencontacted with electrified objectthrough intact of skinAs magnitude of alternating current isincreased Tingling sensation leads tocontraction of muscles Muscular contraction increases Finally value of current isreached where grip of currentcannot be released
15. 15. Let -go- current: the max. current at which the subjectis still capable of releasing a conductor by usingmuscles Here individual can withstand with no serious effects Average let go current for males- 16mA, females-10.5mA,approx. 9-6 mA for both.Hold-on-type: A current level higher than let gocurrent, the subject looses ability to control his ownmuscle action and unable to release grip on theconductor Such currents are very painful and hard to bear Physical injury is caused b currents in range of 20-100mAA very high currents (6 amperes and above) lead to Temporary respiratory paralysis Serious burns
16. 16. Recommendations of IECInternational ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) said: Continuous medical equipment currentshould not exceed 100 uA Should be with in a frequency range of 0to 1kHz In abnormal situations recommendedmax. current is 500 uA Should be in a frequency upto 1 kHz Above 1 kHz max increases isproportionally with frequency
17. 17. PERFORMANCE ANALYZERS Defibrillator analyzer Electrosurgery Infusion Device Incubator Pressure Meters Gas-Flow Oxygen Analyzers Medical Scopemeters
18. 18. DEFIBRILLATOR ANALYZER
19. 19. DEFIBRILLATORA device that reverse thefibrillation of heart.Fibrillation causes theheart to stop pumpingblood, leading to braindamage
20. 20. DEFIBRILLATOR ANALYZERDefibrillator testers aretesting devices used inperforming outputmeasurement tests andperformance verificationon defibrillatorequipment.Defibrillator analyzersautomate the inspectionand preventivemaintenance testing ofdefibrillators
21. 21. STANDARD FEATURESMostly these multifaceted devisesperforms primary measurement of energy, peak voltage, peak current, pulse width, and charge time test
22. 22. Electrosurgery and ESU
23. 23. ELECTROSURGERYElectrosurgery is the application of high frequencyelectric current to biological tissue as a mean tocut, coagulate, desiccate, or fulgurate (sparkingwith the coagulation wave form) tissue.
24. 24. BENEFITSIts benefits include: The ability to make precisecuts with limited blood loss. Electrosurgical devices arefrequently used during surgicaloperations helping to preventblood loss in hospitaloperating rooms or inoutpatient procedures.
25. 25. ELECTROSURGERY UNIT TESTERMostly, these multifaceted devices performs primary measurement of energy, Load Impedance (50 Ohms), peak-to-peak voltage, crest factor, selected load impedance value,RF current, and RF power tests.RF Leakage tests, including active and dispersiveelectrode leakage to ground used in electrosurgicaltesting as well as several additional tests
26. 26. INFUSION/SYRINGE PUMP ANALYZERSInfusion pump testers are testingdevices used in performing outputmeasurement tests and performanceverification on infusion pumps, syringepumps, Patient Controlled Analgesia(PCA) Pumps, and infusion controllerequipment
27. 27. STANDARD FEATURESMostly, these multifaceted devicesperforms primary measurements of AverageFlow Rates, Bolus, Total Volume Delivered and Timingmeasurements, Occlusion and Back Pressure, Generates simulated performancewaves used in infusion testing as wellas several additional tests
28. 28. INCUBATORSIt is an enclosed apparatusproviding a controlledenvironment for the careand protection of prematureor unusually small babies.
29. 29. INCU INCUBATOR ANALYZERThe INCU is anincubator analyzer,designed around AAMIand IEC standards, thatspecifies Temperature, Humidity, Sound and Airflow characteristicsof incubators.
30. 30. PRESSURE METERSDPM2Plus Pressure MeterDPM4 Parameter TesterDPM1B Pneumatic TransducerTester
31. 31. DPM2Plus Pressure MeterThe DPM2PlusUniversal PressureMeter is designed tomeasure the positiveand negative pressuresof medical devices ineither liquid or gaseousform to assist in repairand quality control.
32. 32. DPM4 Parameter TesterDPM4 is ideal for thetesting done as part ofpreventive maintenanceor repair processeswhenever measurementof pressure, flow, orrelative humidity isrequired.
33. 33. GAS FLOW ANALYZERBi-directional flow,pressure, volume, andoxygen concentration,and pressuremeasurementsLow- and high-pressure,and flow measurementcapability
34. 34. 199 X-RAY MEDICAL SCOPE METERDisplays kVp waveforms and directkVp valuessimultaneously onan easy-to-readscreen
35. 35. 3. Simulators & Controllers
36. 36. SIMULATORS & CONTROLLERSMultipara meter Patient SimulatorsNon-Invasive Blood Pressure SimulatorsSp02 SimulatorsFetal SimulatorsControllers
37. 37. MULTIPARAMETER PATIENT SIMULATORSPS410 ECG/Arrythmia Simulator medSim 300B Patient SimulatorMPS450 Patient SimulatorData Sim 6100 Patient SimulatorECG Simulator, PS420 Multiparameter Patient ECGSimulator
38. 38. MPS450 PATIENT SIMULATORECG 12-lead simulationinvasive BP respiration temperatureBP in sync with ECGHHC3 HAND HELDCONTROLLER is used toremotely operate MPS450
39. 39. NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURESIMULATORSBP Pump 2 Non-InvasiveBlood Pressure SimulatorCuffLink Non-Invasive BloodPressure Simulator
40. 40. BP PUMP 2 NON-INVASIVE BLOODPRESSURE SIMULATORThe BP Pump 2provides dynamic blood-pressuresimulations fortesting adult andneonatal noninvasiveblood pressuremonitors, including botharm- and wrist-cufftypes. The analyzerfeatures a preset modefor simulation of mostpatient conditions andthe capability toprogram user-definedsimulations
41. 41. SP02 SIMULATORSINDEX 2 PULSE OXIMETER SIMULATOR
42. 42. DALE40 PHOTOTHERAPYRADIOMETER The DALE40 PhototherapyRadiometer is designed for theaccurate measurement of lightradiation in the blue part of thespectrum from 400-480 nanometers.Phototherapy exposure in this rangeis used in the treatment ofhyperbilirubinemia in newbornchildren. The DALE40 provides continuousmeasurement of irradiation by simplyplacing the detection probe under thephototherapy light (fluorescent lampsonly). In addition to verifying outputpower, the DALE40 saves costs byeliminating premature replacement oflamps.
43. 43. OTHER DEVICES
44. 44. VENTILATOR Ventilator analyzer
45. 45. TEMPERATURE SIMULATOR
46. 46. Who is responsible for that?
47. 47. ANY QUESTION?