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Autism 101
with Co-Director
Amy Goodman
Thursday April 5th
, 2012
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Amy Goodman, MA
Co-Director Autism NOW
The Arc
1825 K St, NW
Washington DC 20006
1-202-600-3489 Ex. 3734
E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.autismnow.org
Other social media: Facebook and Twitter
Amys Profile
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Why did you choose this
webinar and what are you
expecting to learn from it
today?
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In the U.S. the prevalence of autism spectrum
disorders (ASD) is 1 in 88 children or 1 in 54 boysaccording to the Center for Disease Control (CDC,
March 2012) In England the prevalence of ASD is estimated to
be 9.8 in 1000 in adults.
The prevalence for adults may be a little skewedbecause in England the way individuals arediagnosed is different than in the U.S. but also dueto individuals being diagnosed later in life.
Prevalence
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Family History: If one child is on the
spectrum, there is a 1 in 5 chance their
siblings will be too. (see article)
Parents ages: 30s/40s higher risk of
having a child with autism (see article
Prevalence
http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/09autism.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/09autism.htmlhttp://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/8/2/2019 Autism 101 Webinar April 5, 2012
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Doug Flutie, has a son named Doug Flutie Jr.
Sylvester Stallone, has a son named SeargeohStallone
John Travolta had a son who had autism,unfortunately he died of a seizure disorder
Dan Marino has a son with Autism
Toni Braxton, a singer, has a son with autism
There are many more famous people who deal withautism on a daily basis, this is to illustrate that youare not alone on your journey.
Famous Parents
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This is what is referred to when a child or adult gets a
diagnosis.
It is a is a list of all different disorders and disabilities.
It is used in the medical field and used as part of the
diagnosis so one can get services and supports.
The DSM IV will be replaced by the DSM V in the
near future. The definition of what constitutes an autism
spectrum disorder is going to be changed and it is a
hot topic in the news.
DSM IV and DSM V
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Autism is a developmental disability significantlyaffecting verbal and nonverbal communication and socialinteraction, generally evident before age three, thatadversely affects educational performance.
Signs and symptoms:
Irregularities and impairments in communication
Engagement in repetitive activities
Stereotyped movements Resistance to environmental change or change in daily
routines
Unusual responses to sensory experiences
Federal Definition
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The definition is exactly the same as the Federal
Definition.
The only difference is that the definition is broken down
more broadly as to what constitutes as autism An individual can be diagnosed as having autism if they
meet six characteristics from the following:
Qualitative impairment in social interaction;
Qualitative impairment in communication
Repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior
Very narrow focus of interest
State Definition
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Under One Umbrella
Autism is defined as a spectrum disorder and this spectrum is all under
one umbrella. The spectrum includes classical Autism, Childhood
Disintegrative Disorder, Tourettes syndrome, Aspergers syndrome,
Rhett's syndrome, PDD-NOS and perhaps ADD and ADHD. Some
individuals may have a dual diagnosis-more than one diagnosis, i.e
Autism and Down syndrome.
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Three most common types of ASDs:
Classic Autism
Aspergers syndrome
Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Other
Specified
Different Types of Autism Spectrum
Disorders (ASDs)
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Individuals usually have:
significant language delays
social and communication challenges
behaviors interests different for those
without autism
Classic Autism
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Individuals usually function at the higher end of
the spectrum.
They may have social challenges and different
behaviors and interests.
They typically do not have problems with
language or have intellectual disabilities.
Aspergers Syndrome
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Also called Atypical Autism.
Individuals who meet some of the criteria for autism orAspergers syndrome, but not all of the criteria
Individuals usually have fewer behaviors than those with
autism. The behaviors may only be related to social and
communication challenges
Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not
Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)
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Significant impairment in interpersonal interaction
Unresponsive to physical contact
Rigid when picked up, not cuddly
Avoid eye contact
Characteristics for Infants and
Toddlers
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Social impairments, no friends
Difficulty relating to other people
Prefer inanimate objects
Form attachments to objects
Insensitive to feelings Treat other people as objects
Characteristics for Children
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No or little speech
Use of echolalia (repeating what is said back to them)
Selfstimulation: flicking hands, spinning themselves or
other objects, rocking, hand flapping, face slapping, head
banging, biting themselves or possibly eating inedible
objects.
Characteristics for Children
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Resist change
Perseverate on problems
Not understanding social cues
Not relating well to other people in their environment
Prefer adults to peers
Characteristics for Children
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Lack of managing appropriate social conduct
High Intelligence
Anger management problems
Controlling feelings such as depression, fear, or anxiety
Lack of empathy
Inability to listen to others
Inflexible Thinking Repetitive routines provides feelings of security
Characteristics for Adults
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Stress when their routine suddenly changes
Inability to think in abstract ways: Theory of Mind
problems, Executive functioning problems
Lack of Internal Voice, may read or talk out loud forcomprehension purposes
Specialized fields of interests
May be a visual, or auditory thinker or prefer both modes
of learning
Sensory Problems/Sensory Integration
Characteristics for Adults
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Many say the biological theory has to do with genetics.
but research has not proven any genetic causes as of yet.
What we do know is this:
that there is a problem in communication between cellsin the brain
that there are at least 20 or more genes that seem to be
associated with autism.
that the immune system is an important component
Implications and Theories
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Researchers have not identified any single specific factor
that causes autism. There are many theories aboutautism. None have proven as the one and only correct
theory.
I will review some of the most likely causes or theories
that are in the literature.
Theories
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Toxics in the environment: mercury poisoning
Maternal diet Chemicals such as carpet cleaners and laundry soaps
Vaccines: there has not been any scientific evidence that
vaccines cause autism
Air pollutants
Theories
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Another possible theory that has been studied is
neurological damage to the individual. That would
include such things as maternal infections, alcohol abuse,viral infections, and problems during delivery of the baby.
Theories
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References
Websites:
http://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.html
http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0%2C%2C2
0090891%2C00.html http://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-
History.asp
http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-
symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htm http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-
june11/autism3causes_04-20.html
http://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20090891,00.htmlhttp://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20090891,00.htmlhttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/health/jan-june11/autism3causes_04-20.htmlhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/federal-study-estimates-1-in-88-children-has-symptoms-of-autism/2012/03/29/gIQArD5Xj5_story.htmhttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://flutiefoundation.org/About-The-Foundation-History.asphttp://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20090891,00.htmlhttp://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20090891,00.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.htmlhttp://www.asperger-advice.com/asperger-symptoms-in-adults.html8/2/2019 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References-Continued
http:/www.autism.about.com/od/whatisautis
m/p/autismcauses.htm
Referenced Articles
http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/
autism-odds-siblings/13738/
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/
09autism.html
http://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/p/autismcauses.htmhttp://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/p/autismcauses.htmhttp://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/09autism.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/09autism.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/09autism.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/health/09autism.htmlhttp://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/08/15/autism-odds-siblings/13738/http://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/p/autismcauses.htmhttp://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/p/autismcauses.htm8/2/2019 Autism 101 Webinar April 5, 2012
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Comments or Questions?
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