First Year HistoryMr Hogan
Historians look at written evidence left behind by people who lived long ago
Examples of written evidence: newspapers, books, reports, diaries, posters, etc
Archaeologists look at other types of evidence left behind by people
Examples of other evidence: houses, tools, weapons, works of art, treasure!
Historians and Archaeologists
A Historian
A Historian
Written Evidence
Archaeologists
Can you name this famous archaeologist?
Primary Sources come directly from the past◦ Examples of Primary Sources: old newspapers, diaries, an old
tool, a photograph... Secondary Sources are written by historians and do
NOT come directly from the past◦ Example of a secondary source: your textbook
Primary and Secondary Sources
A Primary Source – a photograph
Secondary Source – your textbook
Who are these people?
Who is this person?
Primary or Secondary Source?
Primary or Secondary Source?
Primary source Things found by archaeologistsSecondary source Uses written sources onlyHistorian Where written sources are keptArchaeologist Comes directly from the pastLibrary Looking for non written sourcesDig Written about the pastArtifact Uses non written sources
Matchup
Post Holes help show us where _________ once stood Traces of burnt wood show where ________________ A R_______ H______ can give us a lot of information such as
what people ______ . Grains of P_________ can give us clues as to how farmers
farmed in ages past In the C_______ F________ in County _______ archaeologists
discovered S________ W_______ under the bog using long _______. This showed that the land was farmed 5_______ years ago.
Archaeological Excavations – P16 and 17
The Ceide Fields
Stratigraphy – dealing with layers
The Deeper something is buried, the older it is.
Pottery lasts a very long time when it is buried Archaeologists can use the design of buried pottery to
guess its age.
Pottery
All living things have radioactive carbon in them When the body dies, the carbon slowly leaks away If you measure how much is left in the body, you can
estimate how old it is
Carbon Dating
Drendrochronology
The year Jesus Christ was born – Year 1 All years after that are known as AD AD = “Anno Domini – the year of Our Lord” This year is the year 2011 AD Dates before the birth of Jesus are known as BC BC = “Before Christ”
Christian Calendar
Poulnabrone Dolmen – built 4000 BC
Bias – changing the truth by putting something in or leaving something out
Prejudice – where the writer has an unhelpful opinion of other people or events
Propaganda – where someone is trying to win others over to their point of view.
Bias, Prejudice and Propaganda
Prejudice – a 19th century “Anti-Irish” cartoon
Propaganda
Bias & Propaganda – Barack Obama
Historians find artefacts Archaeologists use written sources like books An interview with a person from a long time ago would be an
oral source Primary sources are sources about primary school Your textbook is a secondary source Propaganda is where someone is trying to win others over to
their point of view AD stands for After Dark Artefacts would usually be stored in libraries
True or False
What Archaeologists Do – P13
Artefact found during construction of Ennis Bypass
What archaeologists DO NOT do
Post Holes
Circular House
Céide Fields
Post Holes are where stone age people posted letters Pollen is used to find out what crops people grew long ago The Ceide Fields are located in County Kilkenny There are stone walls buried under bog at the Céide Fields Stratigraphy is the study of Layers of soil Carbon Dating can be used to tell the age of a piece of metal Dendrochronology is a way of telling the age of something by
using tree rings A viking ship was once dated to 1025 AD by using
dengrochronology
Quick Quiz – True or False
2008 Junior Cert Question
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