5th ITU Green Standards WeekNassau, The Bahamas 14-18 December 2015
ICT Solutions for the 21st Century Challenges
Vimal Wakhlu,Chairman and Managing Director,
Telecommunications Consultants India Limited [email protected]
Presentation Title
Agenda
• Challenges faced by Developing Nations
• Technologies that can Mitigate these challenges
• Conclusions
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations • Environment• Food• Health• Education• Water Management• Energy• Financial Inclusion• Governance deficit• Disaster preparedness• Communications• Security• Corruption
Presentation Title
Environment• Air Pollution due to
– Increased no. of vehicle
– Unchecked emissions by the industries
• Dumping of Industrial waste
• Hazardous industries
• Lop sided development
– Challenge for flora and fauna
• Dumping of untreated effluents into the rivers and seas
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Food – Indian perspective
• 1.25 Billion people to be fed
• Optimizing on the food production
–Quality of arable land
• Prevention of crop epidemics
• Assisting the farmers
– Capacity building
– Marketing
Prevent suicides by our farmers !
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Health- Indian perspective• Health in Rural areas
– 1.25 Billion people-70% population lives in villages
– 650,000 villages
– A total of 150,000 total doctors in the country
• Other challenges
– Mother and Child care- Prenatal and Post Natal
– Tracking and tracing patients
– Chronic patients
– People with special needs- Epilepsy
• Maintenance of Citizen’s Health records
• CME for Doctors and Nurses
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Education- Indian Prespective• Schools in the Rural India ?
• No. of Teachers
• Quality of Teachers
• Content
• Higher Education
– 100% cut off – Delhi University
• Are the students below 99 % no good?
• Is it the fault of the University ?
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Water Management• Next world war over water ???
• Conservation of water
• Equitable distribution and accountability
– Political intervention
– Corruption
• Preservation of perennial rivers
– Clean Ganga initiative in India?
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Power Shortages
• No Power for lighting
–Burning of fossil fuels
• Power essential for Digital connectivity
–Charging of terminal devices
• No power no industries !
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Disaster Preparedness• Disasters a big challenge
– Terror attacks
– Earth quakes
– Tsunami and Floods
– Collapse of Buildings
– Collapse of Flyovers
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Financial Inclusion –Indian Perspective
• Practically no banks in Rural Areas
• Local Money lenders/ Middlemen
• Glaring difference in quality of life in Rural
and Urban India
–Migration of populations from villages
– Creation of slums in cities
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Security
• Physical Terror attacks
–Suicide bombers
• Cyber attacks
– Paralyzing National infrastructure
– Cyber Crimes
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Governance deficit• No single window clearances
– Multiple departments
• People have to move from pillar to ost post to get their basic entitlements
– Land records
– Ration cards
– Passports
– Birth /Death certificates
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Communications
• 2G / 3G Systems are real energy guzzlers
• India imports more oil for Telecom towers than for all the
road transportation taken together
• Poor Rural Tele-density a challenge
• Broadband Network challenge
• Broad Band a must for any form of electronic service
Presentation Title
21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations
Corruption• Premium for all services
– Driving licence
– Death Certificates!
• Growth of middlemen
– Land mafias
– Scams in Government schemes
• Toll collection
– A tale of two states !
Presentation Title
Is there a way out ?
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the challenges• e- Networks• M2M/ IoE• GIS Mapping • 3 D Printing• 4 G Networks for Communication• Smart Grids and Smart Meters• Big Data / Analytics
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
Presentation Title
e- Networks• Health– Rural Tele Medicine – Continued Medical Education • Live Demo of Surgeries
– Teleconsultation– Mother & Child Care– m-Health– Chronic Patients management
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
Presentation Title
e- Networks Health
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
Presentation Title
e- Networks• Education– Virtual Classrooms• Pan Africa • UNOM• SAARC
– Collaborative research/ ‘Centers of Excellence’ replication– Digital content /Digital Libraries– Skill Development – ‘Learn as you Earn’– Employability enabling courses
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)
• Air Pollution• Water Pollution – Cleaning of the Ganga in India – Centralized monitoring
• Water Management– Equitable/ Transparent Distribution – Sardar Sarovar Project in India –automated gate control
• Agriculture– Effective weather forecasting– Controlled irrigation• based on moisture and temperature
Presentation Title
M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)• Infrastructure Monitoring – Flyovers– Bridges – Australian Experience
• Financial Inclusion– Bank to Mobile direct transaction- m Banking– Postal Rural ICT devices
• not at the mercy of postmen !
• Mandatory PoS devices for all – MSME segment– Prevention of Tax evasion
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)• Smart Ambulances– Monitoring of critical patients enroute to hospitals
• Road Safety– Smart vehicles• Prevention of accidents
• Energy Sector– Smart Metering• No Power pilferages
– Smart Grids
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)• Homeland Security– Crime & Criminal Tracking System (CCTNS)
• Defense – Smart fences – Borders• Use of intrusion detection OFC system
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
GIS Mapping• Satellite Imagery– Tracking the status of the resources
• Agriculture– Identification of Arable lands
• Water sources- identification• Digitization of land records– Transparency in the system- Less or no corruption– Ease of transfer
• Mapping of Resources– Gas/ Water pipe lines– Electric/ Communication cables
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
3D Printing• Cost effective solution for Prototype development– Jet Engine optimization– Space – tool development
• MSME Sector in India– ‘Jugaad’– Fastract- prototype to final production
• Big boost to Make in India program
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the ChallengesSmart Grids/ Metering
• Smart Grids ensure optimal utilization of power generated• Smart metering ensures prevention of thefts and revenue
leakages , thus power becoming available for more have nots• Stand alone Micro units for Rural areas - Solar based– Just US$ 50– Meet requirements of • Lighting /Fans/Charging Mobiles /Terminal devices
Presentation Title
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges 4G Networks for Communications
• 4G / LTE – Small size of BTS - 2inch cube• Can be mounted on a pole on a rooftop – no need for a
tower– Low Power consumption- 20W input– Solar Powered• Battery for a decent autonomy
– Low cost infrastructure – Low OPEX cost– Ideally suited for the village environment
ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges
Big Data / AnalyticsBig data and Data Analytics for- • Analysing the citizen’s requirements • Checking the impact of various schemes of the government
– mid-course correction
• Planning resources in various sectors optimally• Ensuring that the benefits of various schemes reach the
intended beneficiaries• Ensuring that Mega schemes do not get usurped by mafias
that are hand in glove with some politicians.
Conclusions• ICT solutions can help mitigate the challenges
facing the Mother Earth in general including – Environment and Disasters
• ICT solutions can also help solve problems facing the Developing Nations in particular including – Food, Education, Health, Financial disparity, Governance deficit and Corruption
Presentation Title
Thank You