5th ITU Green Standards WeekNassau, The Bahamas 14-18 December 2015

ICT Solutions for the 21st Century Challenges

Vimal Wakhlu,Chairman and Managing Director,

Telecommunications Consultants India Limited vimalwakhlu@tcil-india.com

Presentation Title

Agenda

• Challenges faced by Developing Nations

• Technologies that can Mitigate these challenges

• Conclusions

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations • Environment• Food• Health• Education• Water Management• Energy• Financial Inclusion• Governance deficit• Disaster preparedness• Communications• Security• Corruption

Presentation Title

Environment• Air Pollution due to

– Increased no. of vehicle

– Unchecked emissions by the industries

• Dumping of Industrial waste

• Hazardous industries

• Lop sided development

– Challenge for flora and fauna

• Dumping of untreated effluents into the rivers and seas

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Food – Indian perspective

• 1.25 Billion people to be fed

• Optimizing on the food production

–Quality of arable land

• Prevention of crop epidemics

• Assisting the farmers

– Capacity building

– Marketing

Prevent suicides by our farmers !

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Health- Indian perspective• Health in Rural areas

– 1.25 Billion people-70% population lives in villages

– 650,000 villages

– A total of 150,000 total doctors in the country

• Other challenges

– Mother and Child care- Prenatal and Post Natal

– Tracking and tracing patients

– Chronic patients

– People with special needs- Epilepsy

• Maintenance of Citizen’s Health records

• CME for Doctors and Nurses

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Education- Indian Prespective• Schools in the Rural India ?

• No. of Teachers

• Quality of Teachers

• Content

• Higher Education

– 100% cut off – Delhi University

• Are the students below 99 % no good?

• Is it the fault of the University ?

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Water Management• Next world war over water ???

• Conservation of water

• Equitable distribution and accountability

– Political intervention

– Corruption

• Preservation of perennial rivers

– Clean Ganga initiative in India?

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Power Shortages

• No Power for lighting

–Burning of fossil fuels

• Power essential for Digital connectivity

–Charging of terminal devices

• No power no industries !

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Disaster Preparedness• Disasters a big challenge

– Terror attacks

– Earth quakes

– Tsunami and Floods

– Collapse of Buildings

– Collapse of Flyovers

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Financial Inclusion –Indian Perspective

• Practically no banks in Rural Areas

• Local Money lenders/ Middlemen

• Glaring difference in quality of life in Rural

and Urban India

–Migration of populations from villages

– Creation of slums in cities

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Security

• Physical Terror attacks

–Suicide bombers

• Cyber attacks

– Paralyzing National infrastructure

– Cyber Crimes

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Governance deficit• No single window clearances

– Multiple departments

• People have to move from pillar to ost post to get their basic entitlements

– Land records

– Ration cards

– Passports

– Birth /Death certificates

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Communications

• 2G / 3G Systems are real energy guzzlers

• India imports more oil for Telecom towers than for all the

road transportation taken together

• Poor Rural Tele-density a challenge

• Broadband Network challenge

• Broad Band a must for any form of electronic service

Presentation Title

21st Century Challenges-Developing Nations

Corruption• Premium for all services

– Driving licence

– Death Certificates!

• Growth of middlemen

– Land mafias

– Scams in Government schemes

• Toll collection

– A tale of two states !

Presentation Title

Is there a way out ?

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the challenges• e- Networks• M2M/ IoE• GIS Mapping • 3 D Printing• 4 G Networks for Communication• Smart Grids and Smart Meters• Big Data / Analytics

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

Presentation Title

e- Networks• Health– Rural Tele Medicine – Continued Medical Education • Live Demo of Surgeries

– Teleconsultation– Mother & Child Care– m-Health– Chronic Patients management

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

Presentation Title

e- Networks Health

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

Presentation Title

e- Networks• Education– Virtual Classrooms• Pan Africa • UNOM• SAARC

– Collaborative research/ ‘Centers of Excellence’ replication– Digital content /Digital Libraries– Skill Development – ‘Learn as you Earn’– Employability enabling courses

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)

• Air Pollution• Water Pollution – Cleaning of the Ganga in India – Centralized monitoring

• Water Management– Equitable/ Transparent Distribution – Sardar Sarovar Project in India –automated gate control

• Agriculture– Effective weather forecasting– Controlled irrigation• based on moisture and temperature

Presentation Title

M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)• Infrastructure Monitoring – Flyovers– Bridges – Australian Experience

• Financial Inclusion– Bank to Mobile direct transaction- m Banking– Postal Rural ICT devices

• not at the mercy of postmen !

• Mandatory PoS devices for all – MSME segment– Prevention of Tax evasion

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)• Smart Ambulances– Monitoring of critical patients enroute to hospitals

• Road Safety– Smart vehicles• Prevention of accidents

• Energy Sector– Smart Metering• No Power pilferages

– Smart Grids

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

M2M/ IoE (Machine to Machine/ Internet of Everything)• Homeland Security– Crime & Criminal Tracking System (CCTNS)

• Defense – Smart fences – Borders• Use of intrusion detection OFC system

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

GIS Mapping• Satellite Imagery– Tracking the status of the resources

• Agriculture– Identification of Arable lands

• Water sources- identification• Digitization of land records– Transparency in the system- Less or no corruption– Ease of transfer

• Mapping of Resources– Gas/ Water pipe lines– Electric/ Communication cables

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

3D Printing• Cost effective solution for Prototype development– Jet Engine optimization– Space – tool development

• MSME Sector in India– ‘Jugaad’– Fastract- prototype to final production

• Big boost to Make in India program

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the ChallengesSmart Grids/ Metering

• Smart Grids ensure optimal utilization of power generated• Smart metering ensures prevention of thefts and revenue

leakages , thus power becoming available for more have nots• Stand alone Micro units for Rural areas - Solar based– Just US$ 50– Meet requirements of • Lighting /Fans/Charging Mobiles /Terminal devices

Presentation Title

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges 4G Networks for Communications

• 4G / LTE – Small size of BTS - 2inch cube• Can be mounted on a pole on a rooftop – no need for a

tower– Low Power consumption- 20W input– Solar Powered• Battery for a decent autonomy

– Low cost infrastructure – Low OPEX cost– Ideally suited for the village environment

ICT Solutions for Mitigating the Challenges

Big Data / AnalyticsBig data and Data Analytics for- • Analysing the citizen’s requirements • Checking the impact of various schemes of the government

– mid-course correction

• Planning resources in various sectors optimally• Ensuring that the benefits of various schemes reach the

intended beneficiaries• Ensuring that Mega schemes do not get usurped by mafias

that are hand in glove with some politicians.

Conclusions• ICT solutions can help mitigate the challenges

facing the Mother Earth in general including – Environment and Disasters

• ICT solutions can also help solve problems facing the Developing Nations in particular including – Food, Education, Health, Financial disparity, Governance deficit and Corruption

Presentation Title

Thank You