Communication Markets Division 1
Key Decision Points for
FTTP Implementation
June 27, 2007
Thomas E. BludauMgr, FTTP Business Development
3M Communication Markets Division
Communication Markets Division 2
• Type of FTTP Network Architecture– FTTP Networks– P2P vs PON
• FTTP Deployment Scenarios– Greenfield vs Overlay
• FTTP Outside Plant Construction– Aerial vs Buried/Underground
• PON Splitting: Centralized vs Distributed• OSP Network Design• Distribution Cable: Ribbon vs LBT• Connectors• Terminals• Drop Termination Method• Training
3M Communication Markets Division Key Decision Points for FTTP Implementation: Outline
Communication Markets Division 3
3M Communication Markets DivisionType of FTTP Network Architecture = Buildings That We Work In
Small Business Unit (SBU)
Multi-Tenant Unit (MTU)
Overlay Build
Green Field Build
CO
Overlay Build
Green Field Build
CO
SBU
Single Tenant Unit (STU)
Communication Markets Division 4
3M Communication Markets DivisionType of Network Architecture = Buildings That We Live In
High-Rise Multi-Dwelling Unit (MDU)
•Condo or Apartment
•Leased or Owned
•10+ Floors/Stories
•128+ Living Units (LU)
•Internal residential entry
Medium-Rise Multi-Dwelling Unit (MDU)
•Condo or Apartment
•Leased or Owned
•Up to 10 Floors/Stories
•12 to 128 Living Units (LU)
•Internal residential entry
Single Family Unit (SFU)
•Leased or Owned
•1 or 2 Floors/Stories
•One Living Unit (LU)
•External residential entry
Small Size Multi-Dwelling Unit (MDU)
•Condo, Townhome, or Apartment
•Also called Garden Style or Horizontal Style
•Leased or Owned
•Up to 3 Floors/Stories
•Up to 12 Living Units (LU)
•External residential entry
Communication Markets Division 5
Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)PON - Centralized Splitting
3M Communication Markets Division Types of Fiber Networks for Single Family Units
ODF
OLT
ONTCO
Fiber Distribution Cable Fiber Drop Cable Fiber Feeder Cable
Fiber Terminal
•No Couplers/Splitters, serves a consolidation function for 4-8 HHs
•Distribution fiber dedicated from the Fiber Distribution Hub to CPE
•Distribution fiber connected to drop
Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)
•Houses 1x32 couplers/splitters
•Feeder & distribution fiber interconnection point
Central Office
•Contains the OLT & ODF
•All switching is done in the CO
Fiber Count 1 per 32 HHs 1 per HH with
reassignables Copper cable in the premises
Communication Markets Division 6
3M Communication Markets DivisionType of Fiber Networks for MDU/MTU: Fiber to the Premises/Home/Living Unit
TC
ER
ODF
OLT
CO
ONT
Fiber Outside Plant Copper Plant in thePremises
Fiber Riser Plant
Communication Markets Division 7
ODF
OTE
ONTCO
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP P2P vs PON – P2P Definition
Fiber Distribution Cable Fiber Drop Cable Fiber Feeder Cable
Fiber Terminals
•No Couplers/Splitters
•Distribution fiber spliced or connected to drop fiber
Opto-Electronic Cabinet
•Contains the Ethernet switch & fiber interconnect panels; fiber interconnect may be in a separate cabinet
•Requires AC powering
Central Office
•Contains the ODF and OTE – optical transmission equipment (DWDM, SONET/SDH)
Fiber Count 2 - 10 per 1000 HHs 1 or 2 per HH
•Point-to-point - a network providing dedicated fiber from each subscriber to active electronic equipment located at a mid-point in the network; ex. P2P switched Ethernet•IEEE 802 EFM – Ethernet in the First Mile•Benefits: higher BW, greater security
Communication Markets Division 8
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP P2P vs PON: PON Definition
ODF
OLT
ONTCO
Fiber Distribution Cable Fiber Drop Cable Fiber Feeder Cable
Fiber Terminal
•No Couplers/Splitters, serves a consolidation function for 4-8 HHs
•Distribution fiber dedicated from the Fiber Distribution Hub to CPE
•Distribution fiber connected to drop
Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)
•Houses 1x32 or 1x16 couplers/splitters, typically
•Feeder & distribution fiber interconnection point
Central Office
•Contains the OLT & ODF
•All switching is done in the CO
Fiber Count 1 per 32 HHs 1 per HH
•Passive Optical Network - network in which bandwidth traveling over fiber is shared among multiple users, via the use of splitters.•Ethernet (E), Broadband (B), Gigabit (G), Gigabit Ethernet (Ge)•Benefits: no remote actives, easy to provide Triple Play, fewer ports needed
Communication Markets Division 9
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP – PON Standards
Source: Tellabs
Communication Markets Division 10
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP Full Build vs Overlay Architectures
• Full Build in Greenfield Areas– Built to serve all homes & businesses– Commonly used for greenfield applications
• Overlay– For settled neighborhoods for broadband service demand
and plant upgrade (relief & rehab)– Deployed alongside existing copper twisted-pair plant– Network Characteristics
• Feeder & distribution plant passes all households• Electronics added as customers transition• Fiber Distribution Hub (similar to a copper cross-connect)
provides interconnection between feeder & distribution
– Defers capital, costs are subscriber penetration driven– Rate of transition driven by demand for broadband
services and repair costs associated with existing plant
Communication Markets Division 11
3M Communication Markets DivisionEstimated US FTTP Costs per Household (HH)
ODF
OLT
ONTCO
OSP Costs per Household (HH) Passed Connect Costs per HHOLT & CO Costs per HH
2005 - $250+2006 - $200+
2005 - $1,2002006 - $900
2005 - $1,1002006 - $850
Communication Markets Division 12
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP OSP Plant Network Construction: Buried/UG Plant
• Direct buried in greenfield, most economical• Rear lot line vs front lot line construction• Overlay builds disruptive to established neighborhoods, directional
boring used to reduce disruption
Below-Grade Example• Issues: impact on existing plant and other utilities, plant locating for
all dielectric cable, installation costs, ROW easements
Communication Markets Division 13
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP OSP Plant Network Construction: Aerial Plant
• Ideal for overlay builds• Less expensive on a first-cost basis• Options
– Overlashing to existing plant
– New pole line construction– New construction on joint use poles
• Issues: pole line attachment fees, vertical space limitations, higher maintenance costs, “Mother Nature”
Fiber
Copper
Fiber
Copper
Communication Markets Division 14
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP – PON OSP Plant Network Architecture:
Centralized Splitting
ODF
OLT
ONTCO
Fiber Distribution Cable Fiber Drop Cable Fiber Feeder Cable
Fiber Terminal
•No Couplers/Splitters, serves a consolidation function for 4-8 HHs
•Distribution fiber dedicated from the Fiber Distribution Hub to CPE
•Distribution fiber connected to drop
Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)
•Houses 1x32 or 1x16 couplers/splitters, typically
•Feeder & distribution fiber interconnection point
Central Office
•Contains the OLT & ODF
•All switching is done in the CO
Fiber Count 1 per 32 HHs 1 per HH
Communication Markets Division 15
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP – PON OSP Plant Network Architecture:
Distributed Splitting
ODF
OLT
ONTCO
Fiber Distribution Cable Fiber Drop Cable Fiber Feeder Cable
Fiber Terminals
•Houses 1x4 or 1x8 couplers/splitters
•Dedicated fiber from terminal to CPE
•Distribution fiber spliced to coupler/splitter
•Drop fiber connected to coupler
Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)
•Houses 1x4 or 1x8 couplers/splitters
•Feeder & distribution fiber interconnection point
Fiber Count 1 per 32 HHs 1 per 4 or 8 HHs
Central Office
•Contains the OLT & ODF
•All switching is done in the CO
Communication Markets Division 16
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP-PON Splitting: Centralized vs Distributed
• Centralized Benefits– Easier to test and troubleshoot– Defers investment in OLT electronics and splitters
until needed– Centralized access point for maintenance– Lower signal loss– Assures higher splitter and OLT electronics
utilization
• Distributed Benefits– Lower distribution cable fiber count– Less fiber needed in the distribution plant
Communication Markets Division 17
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP-PON OSP Plant Network Design:
Below-Grade Branch Closure w/ Terminal
ODF
OLT
COPAD
Mount FDH
Distribution Closure
Feeder ClosureVault
Closure
TerminalHandhole
Handhole
Handhole
Terminal
Closure
•One Closure per 2 – 4 terminals
•Terminals with pre-terminated stubs
•One terminal per 4 HHs
•Hermetically-Sealed terminals & closures
Communication Markets Division 18
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP-PON OSP Plant Network Design:
Aerial Strand-Mount, Loop-Through
ODF
OLT
ONTCO
ONT
Pole Mount FDH
Strand Mount
Closure
Strand Mount
Terminal
Pole Mount
Terminal
Distribution ClosureFeeder
Closure
•Integrated terminal closure utilized
•Free-Breathing
•Requires expressing at each terminal location
•Design also used for above- & below-grade buried/UG plant
Communication Markets Division 19
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP Distribution Cable Plant Design
Ribbon Fiber Cable vs Single Fiber LBT Cable– Splitting tubes vs splitting ribbons
• Ribbons now available in 4, 6, 8, & 12 fiber ribbons, eliminates splitting ribbons – Advantage Ribbon
– Cleaving and Splicing• One fiber at a time vs 4, 6, 8, or 12 at a time – Advantage
Ribbon
– Expressing ribbons vs LBTs• Ribbons require less real estate in closures & terminals –
Advantage Ribbon
– Terminal Drop Connectivity Solution• Fusion spliced drop – Advantage LBT• Fusion spliced pigtail – Advantage Ribbon
– Sparing strategy – Advantage LBT
Communication Markets Division 20
3M Communication Markets DivisionConnector Type and Quantity: FTTP PON Network
Number of Connector Pairs
–Central Office (CO): OLT & EDFA (1), WDM (2), ODF (2)
–Outside Plant (OSP): FDH (1 or 2); depends if splitter input is spliced or connectorized, Fiber Terminal (1 or 2 ); depends on drop connectivity method and use of splitters at terminals
–Premises: ONT (1)
Type of Connector
–SC, LC
–APC vs UPC
*deciding factor is analog CATV signals
*Applicable standards (Telcordia GR-326-CORE & TIA/EIA-568-B.3) specify connections lower than –55dB
FDH
ODF
Voice
Data
Video
OLT
EDFA
WDM
FDT
ONT
UPS
Central Office
Splitter
Home
Communication Markets Division 21
3M Communication Markets DivisionOutside Plant FTTP - Fiber Access Terminals
• a point in the network where the distribution cable fibers are connected or spliced to the drop cables. Drop cables are eventually connected to the ONT or ONU located at the customer premises. Also known as a FDT (fiber distribution terminal).
• functions as either a connectorization or splice point for the drop cables as well as consolidation point for couplers/splitters used with the Distributed Splitting architecture.
• typically serves 4, 6, 8, 12, or 24 HHs (households)
• Types of FATs– Terminal Closure – used for applications that requires the splicing or field
connectorization of the distribution fibers to the drop fibers. Typically equipped with a splice tray and allow for the “expressing” distribution fibers.
– Factory Stubbed Terminal –equipped with a factory installed cable that has connectors on one end or both ends. The pigtail configuration requires that the fibers be spliced to the distribution fiber in a splice closure.
Communication Markets Division 22
• Placement Location and Type of Plant (aerial, buried, underground)– strand mount and pole mount for aerial applications– pedestal and flush-to-grade (handhole) for buried/underground applications– wall mount for both aerial and buried applications
• Environmental Protection– Sealed – required for below-grade applications, also used for aerial applications or above-grade buried applications– Breathable (Free Breathing) – used in aerial or pedestal applications
• Craft Separation/Security – separate lockable splice & terminal areas– Separate enclosure for splicing and separate enclosure for terminations– One enclosure, splicing and termination functionality located in different areas in the same compartment– One enclosure, separate compartment for splicing and terminations
• Number of Drop Terminations– 4, 6, 8, 12, or 24 ports– Type of Connectors: SC/UPC, SC/APC, LC
• Type of Drop Cable Termination– External
• Hardened Factory-terminated Connectivity Interface– Internal
• Non-hardened Factory-terminated Connectivity Interface• Mechanical or Fusion Spliced Pigtail • Mechanical or Fusion Direct Spliced • Field Connectorization
3M Communication Markets Division Items to Consider Regarding Outside Plant Terminals Applications
Communication Markets Division 23
• Type of Drop Cable– Application
• Aerial, Direct Buried, Underground in Conduit– # of fibers: 1 or 2– Armored vs Dielectric; Tonable vs Non-Tonable– Corning, Sumitomo, OFS, Draka, Superior, General, CommScope, Pirelli
• Type of Drop Cable Termination at the Terminal– Internal Drop Cable Termination– External Drop Cable Termination
• Location of the ONT/ONU– Inside the Premises or Outside the Premises
• Type of Drop Termination at the ONT/ONU
3M Communication Markets Division Outside Plant FTTP Drop Termination – Key Considerations
Corning Corning Corning
Communication Markets Division 24
• Internal Drop Cable Termination– Can be defined as a drop termination method that requires that the technician to enter into the
terminal or terminal closure to terminate or connect the drop cable
– Most Common types are:• Pigtail Spliced
– Mechanical or Fusion
• Direct Spliced– Fusion or Mechanical
• Field Connectorized• Factory-Terminated
– A combination of the methods listed may be used• Factory-Terminated at Terminal and Pigtail Spliced at ONT• Direct Spliced at Terminal and Factory-Terminated at ONT
• External Drop Cable Termination– Can be defined as a drop termination method that does not require the technician to enter the
terminal to terminate or connect the drop cable.
– Most common type is the Hardened Fiber Optic Connecter (HFOC)• Corning OptiTap, ADC/FONS RC Adapter, AFOP Scout, Tyco FT
3M Communication Markets Division Outside Plant FTTP Drop Termination Options at the Terminal
Communication Markets Division 25
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Fusion Spliced
F F
Terminal ONT
Drop fiber fusion spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
Drop fiber fusion spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
1
• Drop fiber fusion spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal and drop fusion spliced to drop fiber at ONT
– No test access point at terminal– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (2 x 0.01dB) + (1 x 0.5dB) = 0.52dB
– Requires higher craft skill level & labor rate– High equipment costs & related maintenance costs– Ability to test splice– Time to install the drop is the higher than mechanical spliced & factory-terminated
drop options due to setup time and time to fusion splice at the terminal and ONT• Aerial – time to setup fusion splicing equipment and splice on the strand• Buried/Underground – time to setup splicing equipment and bring the terminal to the
splice work area.
– Reel/box of drop cable; does not require various different lengths of drop cables to be taken into inventory or to the job site
Communication Markets Division 26
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Fusion Spliced
F
Terminal ONT
Drop fiber fusion spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
Factory-terminated drop
2
• Factory-terminated drop fiber fusion spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal– No test access point at terminal– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (1 x 0.01dB) + (1 x 0.5dB) = 0.51dB
– Requires higher craft skill level & labor rate– High equipment costs & related maintenance costs– Ability to test splice– Fusion splicing at the terminal requires more setup time compared to all other
mechanical spliced & factory-terminated drop termination methods and fusion splicing at the ONT.
• Aerial – time to setup fusion splicing equipment and splice on the strand• Buried/Underground – time to setup the splicing equipment and bring the terminal to
the splice work area.
– Various lengths of drop cables with one connector on one end must be kept in inventory and taken to the service installation site
Communication Markets Division 27
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Fusion Spliced
Factory-terminated drop
3
Drop fiber fusion spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
F F
Terminal ONT
• Factory-terminated drop fiber fusion spliced to the drop fiber at the ONT– Test access point at terminal
– Total Insertion loss • = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (1 x 0.01dB) + (2 x 0.5dB) = 1.01dB
– Requires higher craft skill level & labor rate
– High equipment costs & related maintenance costs
– Ability to test splice
– Fusion splicing at the ONT requires less setup time compared to fusion splicing at the terminal. Requires more setup time and time to install than all other mechanical spliced & factory-terminated drop termination methods.
• Aerial – time to setup fusion splicing equipment and splice at the ONT• Buried/Underground – time to setup the splicing equipment and splice at the ONT
– Various lengths of drop cables with one connector on one end must be kept in inventory and taken to the service installation site
Communication Markets Division 28
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Fusion Spliced
F F F
Terminal ONT
Distribution fiber fusion spliced to pigtail & drop fiber fusion spliced to
pigtail
Drop fiber fusion spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
4
• Distribution fiber fusion spliced to pigtail & drop fiber fusion spliced to a pigtail at the terminal & drop fiber fusion spliced to pigtail at ONT
– Test access point at terminal– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (3 x 0.01dB) + (2 x 0.5dB) = 1.03dB
– Requires higher craft skill level & labor rate– High equipment costs & related maintenance costs– Ability to test splice– Time to install the drop is the highest of all drop options due to the setup time
and the time to splice at the terminal and ONT– Reel/box of drop cable; does not require various different lengths of drop cables
to be taken into inventory or to the job site
Communication Markets Division 29
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Mechanical Spliced
• Drop fiber mechanical spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal and drop mechanical spliced to drop fiber at ONT
– No test access point at terminal– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (2 x 0.1dB) + (1 x 0.5dB) = 0.7dB
– Relatively low skill level required– Low equipment costs & related maintenance costs– No ability to test splice– Time to install the drop is the higher than factory-terminated drop options due to
the setup time and the time to splice at the terminal and ONT• Aerial – time to setup and splice on the strand• Buried/Underground – time to setup and bring the terminal to the splice work area.
– Reel/box of drop cable; does not require various different lengths of drop cables to be taken into inventory or to the job site
M M
Terminal ONT
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
1
Communication Markets Division 30
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Mechanical Spliced
• Factory-terminated drop fiber mechanical spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
– No test access point at terminal – Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (1 x 0.1dB) + (1 x 0.5dB) = 0.6dB
– Relatively low Craft skill level required, thus resulting in lower labor rate– Low equipment costs & related maintenance costs– No ability to test splice– Mechanical splicing at the terminal requires more time than installing a factory-
terminated drop.• Aerial – time to setup and splice on the strand• Buried/Underground – time to setup and bring the terminal to the splice work area.
– Various lengths of drop cables with one connector on one end must be kept in inventory and taken to the service installation site
M
Terminal ONT
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
Factory-Terminated Drop
2
Communication Markets Division 31
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Mechanical
Spliced
• Factory-terminated drop fiber mechanical spliced to the drop fiber at the ONT– Test access point at terminal– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (2 x 0.1dB) + (2 x 0.5dB) = 1.2dB
– Relatively low craft skill level required, thus resulting in lower labor rate– Low equipment costs & related maintenance costs– No ability to test splice– Mechanical splicing at the ONT requires less time than splicing the drop at the
terminal and more time than installing a factory-terminated drop.• Aerial – time to setup and splice at the ONT• Buried/Underground – time to setup at the ONT
– Various lengths of drop cables with one connector on one end must be kept in inventory and taken to the service installation site
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
Factory-terminated drop
M M
Terminal ONT
3
Communication Markets Division 32
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Mechanical
Spliced
• Distribution fiber mechanical spliced to pigtail & drop fiber mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the terminal & drop fiber mechanical spliced to pigtail at ONT
– Test access point at terminal– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (3 x 0.1dB) + (2 x 0.5dB) = 1.3dB
– Low craft skill level & labor rate required– Low equipment costs & related maintenance costs– No ability to test splice– Time to install the drop is the highest of all mechanical drop options due to the
setup time and the time to splice at the terminal and ONT. However, this options requires less installation time as compared to the fusion splicing option.
– Reel/box of drop cable; does not require various different lengths of drop cables to be taken into inventory or to the job site
M M M
Terminal ONT
Distribution fiber mechanical spliced to pigtail and drop fiber mechanical
spliced to pigtail
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
4
Communication Markets Division 33
3M 3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Factory Terminated
Hardened Fiber Optic Connector (HFOC)
F
Terminal ONT
Free-Breathing, Strand Mount Terminal Closure – 3M SLiC 530 Drop Slack Storage Box
Corning
Factory Terminated Ruggedized Drop Cable/Termination
Corning HFOC
Communication Markets Division 34
F
Terminal ONT
3M 3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT: Factory Terminated
Non-Hardened ECAM Drop
ECAM-FD Factory Terminated Drop
Fiber Dome Stubbed TerminalFDST 08
SLIC 530 Terminal Closure with ECAM-FD Drop
Communication Markets Division 35
F
Terminal ONT
3M 3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP Drop Termination Options for External ONT:
Factory Terminated Hardened and Non-Hardened Drop
• Factory-terminated drop terminated at the terminal and ONT– Test access point at terminal and ONT– Total Insertion loss
• = Splice loss at terminal + Connector Loss• = (0 x 0.0dB) + (2 x 0.5dB) = 1.0dB
– Low craft skill level required, thus resulting in lower labor rate– No equipment costs & related maintenance costs– Slack storage box and time to coil the extra slack required at the ONT and
Terminal– Factory-terminated drops require the least amount of time to install versus all
other drop termination methods. – Various lengths of drop cables with one connector on each end must be kept in
inventory and taken to the service installation site– Higher cable costs than any other option, due to the need to storage access
slack.
Communication Markets Division 36
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for Internal ONT: Fusion Spliced
F
NID
F
F F
Terminal NID
Drop fiber fusion spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
1
Drop fiber fusion spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
Factory-terminated drop connected to pigtail spliced 3MM cable or I/O cable
2
Factory-terminated drop
3 F
Terminal
F F
Terminal
Distribution fiber fusion spliced to pigtail & drop fiber fusion spliced to pigtail
4
F
ONT
Factory-terminated I/O or 3mm jacketed fiber cable
F
Terminal NID
F
Factory-terminated I/0 or 3mm jacketed fiber cable
ONT
F
NID
F
Drop fiber and indoor cable fusion spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
Drop fiber and indoor cable fusion spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
ONT
I/0 or 3mm jacketed cable terminated with field connectorized
solution
Drop fiber and indoor cable fusion spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
ONT
Factory-terminated I/0 or 3mm jacketed fiber cable
Communication Markets Division 37
3M Communication Markets Division FTTP Drop Termination Options for Internal ONT: Mechanical Spliced
M
NID
M
M M
Terminal NID
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
1
Drop fiber mechanical spliced to the distribution fiber at the terminal
Factory-terminated drop connected to pigtail spliced 3MM cable or I/O cable
2
Factory-terminated drop
3 M
Terminal
M M
Terminal
Distribution fiber mechanical spliced to pigtail & drop fiber mechanical spliced to
pigtail
4
M
ONT
M
Terminal NID
M
Factory-terminated I/0 or 3mm jacketed fiber cable
ONT
M
NID
M
Drop fiber and indoor cable mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
ONT
I/0 or 3mm jacketed cable terminated with field connectorized
solution
ONT
I/0 or 3mm jacketed cable terminated with field connectorized
solution
Drop fiber and indoor cable mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
Drop fiber and indoor cable mechanical spliced to a pigtail at the ONT
I/0 or 3mm jacketed cable terminated with field connectorized
solution
Communication Markets Division 38
3M Communication Markets DivisionKey Decision Points for FTTP Implementation:
Key Areas of Training• Handling of fiber plant
– Minimum Bend Radius• fiber, cable, buffer tubes
• Connectors– Cleanliness
• Safety– Laser– Small pieces of glass (fiber)
Communication Markets Division 39
3M Communication Markets DivisionFTTP Deployment: Understanding Bend Radius
• also known as the minimum bend radius • defined as the radius smallest or minimum radius a fiber strand, buffer
tube, or fiber optic cable can be bent. • varies among manufacturers, with each manufacturer typically specifying
the minimum bend radius to be used during the installation process and the life of the cable (long term).
• exceeding the minimum bend radius may cause attenuation (macrobends) and fiber breakage
• Macrobend losses can occur in splice organizer trays, closures, distribution units, and cable plant.
• current US required bend radius for 250um and 900um fiber is 1.5” (38mm)
Communication Markets Division 40
• Type of FTTP Network Architecture– FTTP Networks– P2P vs PON
• FTTP Deployment Scenarios– Greenfield vs Overlay
• FTTP Outside Plant Construction– Aerial vs Buried/Underground
• PON Splitting: Centralized vs Distributed• OSP Network Design• Distribution Cable: Ribbon vs LBT• Connectors• Terminals• Drop Termination Method• Training
3M Communication Markets Division Key Decision Points for FTTP Implementation: Summary
Communication Markets Division 41
Thank You for Your Time!
3M Communication Markets Division Key Decision Points for FTTP Implementation: Summary
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