ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) General Description

ZXC10 BSSBCDMA2000 Base Station System

General Description

Version 8.0.1.9

ZTE CORPORATION ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057 Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830 Fax: (86) 755 26772236 URL: http://support.zte.com.cn E-mail: [email protected]

LEGAL INFORMATION Copyright © 2006 ZTE CORPORATION. The contents of this document are protected by copyright laws and international treaties. Any reproduction or distribution of this document or any portion of this document, in any form by any means, without the prior written consent of ZTE CORPORATION is prohibited. Additionally, the contents of this document are protected by contractual confidentiality obligations. All company, brand and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of ZTE CORPORATION or of their respective owners. This document is provided “as is”, and all express, implied, or statutory warranties, representations or conditions are disclaimed, including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or non-infringement. ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein. ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the subject matter of this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license between ZTE CORPORATION and its licensee, the user of this document shall not acquire any license to the subject matter herein. The contents of this document and all policies of ZTE CORPORATION, including without limitation policies related to support or training are subject to change without notice.

Revision History

Date Revision No. Serial No. Reason for Revision

25/05/2007 R1.1 sjzl20070504

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Document Name ZXC10 BSSB CDMA2000 Base Station System General Description

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Contents

About this Manual............................................................. i

Purpose................................................................................ i Intended Audience ................................................................. i Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge .............................................. i What is in This Manual............................................................ i Related Documentation.......................................................... ii Conventions......................................................................... ii How to Get in Touch............................................................. iii

Chapter 1..........................................................................1

BSS System Overview......................................................1

Chapter 2........................................................................11

BSS Technical Description .............................................11

BSS Position and Networking .......................................... 12

BSS Data Configuration.................................................. 16

BSS System Interfaces .................................................. 19

Chapter 3........................................................................25

BSS Fault Management..................................................25

Alarm Levels and Query ................................................. 26

Alarm Levels ...................................................................... 26 Alarm query ....................................................................... 26

Fault Handling Flow ....................................................... 34 General Fault Handling Flow ................................................. 34 Major Fault Handling Flow .................................................... 36

Chapter 4........................................................................39

CNO2 Overview..............................................................39

CNO2 Features ............................................................. 41

CNO2 Position .............................................................. 42

CNO2 Logic Structure .................................................... 44

Abbreviations.................................................................45

Index..............................................................................49

Figures............................................................................51

Tables .............................................................................53

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i

About this Manual

Purpose

This manual provides general information about ZXC10 BSSB architecture, functions, features, compositions, networking structure, data configurations, system interfaces, also provides instructions about fault reporting procedures under general and emergent situations.

BSS is short for BSSB and BSC is short for BSCB in this manual.

Intended Audience

This manual is intended for engineers and technicians who want to obtain general information about BSS system.

Prerequisite Skill and Knowledge

To use this manual effectively, users should have a general understanding of CDMA mobile telecommunications technology. Familiarity with the following is helpful:

CDMA2000 BSS system and its various components

Various services provided by BSS

What is in This Manual

This Manual contains the following chapters:

T AB L E 1 C H A P T E R S U M M AR Y

Chapter Summary

Chapter 1 BSS System Overview

Introduction of BSS architecture, functions, compositions and features.

Chapter 2 BSS Technical Description

General introduction of BSS position & networking structure, data configuration and system interfaces.

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System General Description

ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Chapter Summary

Chapter 3 BSS Fault Management

This chapter describes some examples about how to query alarms in a BSS system, identifies the alarm levels and provides fault reporting procedures.

Chapter 4 CNO2 Overview

This chapter describes overview, features, position and logic structure of CNO2

Related Documentation

The following documentations are related to this manual:

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Documentation Guide

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Interface Description

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Common Operation Manual

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Trouble Shooting Manual

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Alarm Handling Manual (2~133000)

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Alarm Handling Manual (133001~8407297)

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System DIP Switches and Jumpers Reference Manual

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Cable Preparation Manual

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) CDMA2000 Base Station System Commissioning Manual

Conventions

ZTE documents employ the following typographical conventions.

T AB L E 2 TY P O G R AP H I C AL C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Italics References to other Manuals and documents.

“Quotes” Links on screens.

Bold Menus, menu options, function names, input fields, radio button names, check boxes, drop-down lists, dialog box names, window names.

Typographical Conventions

About this manual

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii

Typeface Meaning

CAPS Keys on the keyboard and buttons on screens and company name.

Constant width Text that you type, program code, files and directory names, and function names.

[ ] Optional parameters.

{ } Mandatory parameters.

| Select one of the parameters that are delimited by it.

Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic.

Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs to be checked before proceeding further.

Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things easier or more productive for the reader.

T AB L E 3 M O U S E OP E R AT I O N C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Click Refers to clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) once.

Double-click Refers to quickly clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) twice.

Right-click Refers to clicking the secondary mouse button (usually the right mouse button) once.

Drag Refers to pressing and holding a mouse button and moving the mouse.

How to Get in Touch

The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for the documentation and the software.

If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding your product, contact us by e-mail at [email protected]. You can also call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 800-9830-9830.

ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at [email protected]; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86) 755 26772236. You can also browse our website at http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains

Mouse Operation

Conventions

Customer Support

Documentation Support


iv Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

various interesting subjects like documentation, knowledge base, forum and service request.

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 1

C h a p t e r 1

BSS System Overview

This chapter describes:

CDMA system architecture

BSS system functions

BSS system composition

BSS system features


2 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

An all-IP CDMA network comprises Access Terminal (AT), Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN).

Figure 1 shows the architecture of all-IP CDMA network.

F I G U R E 1 AL L - IP CDMA N E T W O R K AR C H I T E C T U R E

The definition and function of the main NEs in Figure 1 are described below:

AT: AT is a device which provides data connections for users. It may be a computing device such as a PC or an independent data device such as a Mobile Station (MS). AT connects with RAN via Um interface.

RAN/BSS: The RAN/BSS lies between AT and CN. RAN/BSS processes radio signaling and terminates radio protocols, connects with AT and CN. BSS comprises Base Station Controller (BSC) and Base Transceiver Station (BTS).

As a base station controller, BSC is responsible for radio network management, radio resource management, BSS maintenance and management, call processing, MS handoff, voice encoding, 1x packet data services, and EV-DO services.

BTS is responsible for transmitting and receiving data, call control and mobility management.

BSC connects with BTS via Abis interface, while it connects with MSS (Mobile Switching System), BSN (Broadcast Serving Node), PDSN (Packet Data Service Node) and DSS (Dispatch Server System) via A interface.

CDMA System Architecture



CN: The core network implements functions such as network authorization, authentication, and accounting, it also provides public network interface. The core network comprises Mobile Switching System (MSS), Packet Data Service Node (PDSN), Broadcast Serving Node (BSN) and Dispatch Server System (DSS).

NetNumen™ M3: NetNumen™ M3 provides centralized equipment operation, maintenance and management function.

NetNumen™ M3 implements functions such as fault management, performance management, configuration management, alarm management and security management. It can be divided into different parts corresponding to different NEs, in this manual only NetNumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB) is mentioned.

Supports 1x EV-DO service, the maximum forward data transmission rate is up to 3.1Mb/s and reverse data transmission rate is up to 1.8Mb/s.

Supports CDMA2000 1x Release A service that include voice service, high-speed data service and concurrent voice/data service. The high-speed data transmission rates can reach up to 307.2Kb/s.

Supports PTT (Push-to Talk) service.

Add PTT scanning group function on base of traditional group, enable users to perform operation under standby status via terminal interface, and hand over between multiple groups to select a group which user wants to monitor.

Provides failure weaken function.

When the data link between BSC and BTS is broken down, the BTS still can perform group call, emergency call and broadcasting call in order to enhance the system stability.

Provides peer to peer encryption scheme.

Supports asynchronous data service and fax service, supports built-in and external IWF (Interworking Function).

Supports V5 interface, second paging function, and provides QOS function in 3GV5.

Terrestrial circuit management includes distribution and release of terrestrial circuit, blocking/unblocking of terrestrial circuit, terrestrial circuit reset and global system reset.

Supports handoff control includes soft handoff, softer handoff, and hard handoff between BSCs.

Provides operation and maintenance management of BSC and BTS includes version download, data configuration and synchronization, alarms and diagnostic tests.

BSS System Functions



Supports active handoff from 3G to 2G and vice-versa.

Supports Command Line Interface (CLI).

Provides CAS (CDMA Analysis System).

CAS is a performance post processing platform used for in depth analysis of the network performance. Robust nature and flexible deployment together with user friendly nature ensures proper analysis and as a result the optimization of the network becomes easier and faster. The main function of CAS is described below:

Supports GIS (Geographical Information System)

Performance Analysis

Traffic Drill

Configuration Optimization

Integrated Report

Expert system

Supports LMT (ZXC10 BSSB Local Maintenance Terminal) function.

The ZXC10 BSSB LMT provides operations and maintenance functions to enable user to carry out local operations and maintenance for the BTS.

The maintenance terminal of the ZXC10 BSSB LMT can be a laptop or a desktop, which can be connected to the CCM board in a BTS shelf via Ethernet. User can log in to the CCM board through Telnet command and type in the LMT commands in the Telnet window to operate and maintain a BTS locally.

Realizes user QOS function: PACA (Priority Access and Channel Assignment).

User can registers as a PACA user, MSC set the user to a certain level according to his priority (from 1 to 15), the less the value the higher the priority level, the emergency call level is 0 which is the highest level. User with a higher priority can preempt the resources being occupied by common user and lower priority user.

Supports voice transferring to fax in V5 interface, A interface and Ap interface.

When user sends a fax, he does not need to dial the access number, he can dial directly the opposite phone number, and operates on the electrograph to send the fax; when user receives a fax, he can operate on the electrograph to receive it without inputting the access number to switch to fixed station mode.

Provides GE interface for Ap interface and R-P interface.

Provides FE access mode in BSC soft handoff.



Supporting system Disaster Tolerance, including two parts: 1+1 disaster tolerance and A–Flex disaster tolerance (only for Ap interface).

Supports BCMCS (BroadCast and MultiCast Service).

BSC

ZXC10 BSCB is the ZTE CDMA product name for IP BSC.

IP BSC is an upscale radio access product based on All-IP technology.

BSC can access and process multiple traffic flows: Circuit, IP (Internet Protocol), ATM (Asynchronous Transmission Mode) and HIRS (High-speed Interconnect Router Subsystem).

BSC executes control, management and maintenance for one or multiple BTSs attached to it, and provides A/Ap signaling interfaces to the MSC or MSCe and MGW.

BTS

ZTE all-IP series BTS products comprise of 8 types:

ZXC10 BTSB I1

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - I1 also referred to as BTSB I1.

BTSB I1 is a BTS with enhanced IP function and high reliability. A single BTSB I1 can support up to eight carriers and three sectors or four carriers and six sectors, with an output power of 10/20 Watts for per sector. It applies to urban areas with heavy traffic and multiple carriers.

ZXC10 BTSB I2

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - I2 also referred to as BTSB I2.

BTSB I2 can be applied in a low-level configuration scheme combining high baseband performance with low RF cost.

A single rack can be configured as 2 carriers & 3 sectors, or any other combination of 6 carrier-sectors; every two racks can be expanded to accommodate 4 carriers and 3 sectors. A single rack connected with a Remote Radio Frequency Subsystem (RRFS) can be configured to 12 carrier-sectors.

It is applicable to urban areas and suburbs for a smaller network scale and fewer carriers.

ZXC10 BTSB I3

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station – I3 also referred to as BTSB I3.

BSS System Composition



BTSB I3 is a ZXC10 series product based on IP technology developed by ZTE Corporation. BTSB I3 is one of the indoor macro base transceiver station models in the all IP BTS series.

It provides extended support for the transmission diversity, intelligent antenna and linear pre-distortion power amplifier and adopts multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency technology.

It supports channel sharing of all carrier-sectors. A single rack can be configured with 4 carriers & 6 sectors, or any other combination of 24 carrier-sectors. Every two racks can be expanded to accommodate 48 carrier- sectors.

ZXC10 BTS AE

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - AE also referred to as BTS AE.

BTS AE is the enhanced “IP+HIRS” BTS, and is available for the smooth upgrade of existing HIRS system, supporting 1x EV-DO service.

ZXC10 CBTS I2

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station –I2 also referred to as CBTS I2.

CBTS I2 is an economical BTS with basic functions. A single CBTS supports 12 carrier-sectors for EV-DO application and 24 carrier-sectors for 1x application, with an output power 60 Watts for per sector. It is applicable to areas with heavy traffic and several carriers.

ZXC10 CBTS O1

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Compact BTS - O1 also referred to as CBTS O1.

CBTS O1 is an outdoor BTS with single rack. A single CBTS O1 supports 12 carrier-sectors for EV-DO application and 24 carrier-sectors for 1x application, with an output power 60 Watts for per sector. It features wide coverage and applies to suburbs, plains, scenic spots, highways and railways.

ZXC10 RFSB O1

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Outdoor Radio Frequency System – O1 also referred to as RFSB O1.

RFSB O1 is an outdoor RFS system. A single BTS supports only 1-sector 1-carrier configuration, with an output power 10/20 Watts for per sector. It features wide coverage and applies to suburbs, plains, scenic spots, highways and railways.

ZXC10 Micro BTS (EV-DO)

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Micro Base Transceiver Station (Data Only) also referred to as MBTS (EV-DO).



MBTS (EV-DO) is a BTS with enhanced IP functions and high reliability. MBTS (EV-DO) supports single-carrier single-sector configuration, with an output power 20 Watts for per sector and the combination of MBTS (EV-DO) and remote stations implement multiple configurations: single- carrier two-sector, single-carrier three-sector, two-carrier single-sector, and three-carrier single-sector.

Advanced Technology

Adopts the next generation communication platform: High-performance and prospective All-IP platform; it provides QoS guaranteeing high reliability.

3G BSS uses A1p and A2p interfaces to connect with 3G core network. Both A1p and A2p interfaces use IP transmission.

It supports Abis interface Ethernet access for higher transmission efficiency.

Multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency technology reduces number of TRXs.

A single BTS supports up to 120 carriers/sectors to realize super BTS configuration.

Linear pre-distortion of high power amplifier implements linear power amplification.

With powerful online upgrading capability (including logics, MCU program, BOOT program and FLASH files) to facilitate the maintenance.

Compatibility

Supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1x EV-DO (including DO Rls.0 and DO Rev. A) on the same platform, and supports boards mixed insertion.

Supports the interaction between the CDMA2000 1X network and the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network.

Supports smooth upgrading to the future 1xEV-DV system;

Supports smooth upgrading to the latest All-IP network.

Compatible with the IS-95 system.

Large Capacity

BSS system supports 2,500,000 voice subscribers (0.02 Erl/user). In addition, the system supports 6 million PPP connection subscribers and 120,000 activated PPP subscribers.

High Integration

With advanced design, BSS system greatly improves the system integration and reduces the types and quantity of the boards:

BSS System Features



Switching capability of a level-1 core switching shelf can reach 80G;

Each vocoder board may integrate 480 vocoder elements and each board can support the vocoder capacity (1X) of almost 12 sectors;

One IPCF (Interface Packet Control Function) board can support the forwarding capability of 400Mbps data;

One UPCF (Universal Packet Control Function)/ UPDC board can support the processing capability of 100Mbps data;

One SDU can provide 480 routes of selector elements for 1X service;

One IPI /SIPI board can support the access of four 100 Mbps Ethernet ports.

One DTB (Digital Trunking Board) can support the access of 32 E1/T1 ports;

One ABPM (Abis Process Module) can support up to 63 E1/T1 ports with the processing bandwidth of 120Mbps;

One pair of fiber can support up to 24 carrier/sectors data transmission.

Flexible Networking

BSC and BTS networking modes include star, chain and ring. The three modes can be combined in one network.

BTS supports configuration with baseband part and RF part separation, and supports multi-sector remote RF module. There are multiple networking modes between RF part and baseband part:

Local Single Mode A (LSA)

Local Single Mode B (LSB)

Remote Single Mode (RS)

Local Extension Mode (LE)

Remote Extension Mode (RE)

Mixed Extension Mode (ME)

Flexible Configuration

The BSS system is designed with multiple interfaces and abundant boards/ modules; therefore, it supports flexible configurations:

Supports the configuration mode that a single shelf forming an office;

Supports flexible configurations and interchangeable insertion of different resource boards according to the actual configuration;



With the boards of different types and versions, it can satisfy diversified configurations requirements;

Widely adopts the sub-cards to ensure flexible configurations, easy to extend and upgrade, thus achieve the excellent performance at a low cost.

Supports configurations of the built-in SDH system.

Different BTS software configurations enable various implementations such as, eight carriers and three sectors, four carriers and six sectors, one carrier and twenty four sectors even while board and backplane remain unchanged, enabling high flexibility. BTS supports mixed insertion of channel boards, facilitating maximum upgrade capability.

Multiple Bands

The BSS system supports multiple frequency bands such as 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 850 MHz and 1900 MHz.

Diversified Transmission Modes

The system supports transmission modes such as optical fiber, microwave, satellite, HDSL/MDSL, and BWA.

High Reliability

The design meets the high/low temperature condition for system running and relative standard of the communication products; comply with ETSI EN 300 019 Environmental conditions and Environmental tests for telecommunications equipment.

The design meets the EMC (Electronic Magnetic Compatibility) condition for system running and relative standard of the communication products; comply to EN 300 386 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Telecommunication network equipment; ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements.

Remote RF supports fiber ring networking and link backup switchover. Independent link switchover and board switchover improves transmission reliability.

All the main control boards support 1+1 backup mode.

All the key boards, such as the Abis link boards and clock boards, support 1+1 backup mode.

Provides system redundancy of the vocoder elements, selection elements and PCF elements in the form of resource pool.

GPS Control Module (GCM) guarantees short-term clock stability. In case of synchronous GPS signal loss, lock status lasts for 24 hours facilitating normal BTS operations.



High Performance

BSS system suit most operators network design plan and caters to large-capacity configuration, low-capacity configuration, large and small capacity coverage in urban and suburban areas.

Interchangeability of modules: Most modules in BTS are interchangeable, facilitating operators to perform backup maintenance.

Building block structure: Satisfies customer extension requirements at any time.

Convenient Operation and Maintenance

Unified style, user-friendliness and easy-to-operate features characterize Graphical User Interface (GUI) design. GUI provides topology view, tool bar, and real cabinet layout diagram, enabling high maintenance and management efficiency.

Abundant Services

BSC supports abundant services, including:

Voice calling (with QCELP 8K, QCELP 13K and 8K EVRC (Enhanced Variable Rate Code) voice encoding);

TrFO (Transcoder Free Operation) and RTO (Remote Transcoder Operation);

Data calling (307.2 Kbps for the 1X Release A and 3.1 Mbps for the 1xEV-DO Rev A system);

Concurrence data and voice services;

Test calling (Markov and TDSO (Test Data Service Option) calls);

Circuit data services (asynchronous data and G3 fax);

Supplementary services;

Positioning service;

SMS;

BroadCast /MultiCast Service (BCMCS)

Trunking communications (PTT service).


C h a p t e r 2

BSS Technical Description


BSS position and networking

BSS data configuration

BSS system interfaces



BSS Position and Networking The BSS comprises Base Station Controller (BSC) and Base Transceiver Station (BTS). The BSS location is between Access Terminal (AT) and Core Network (CN).

Figure 2 shows BSS position in a CDMA network.

F I G U R E 2 BSS P O S I T I O N I N CDMA N E T W O R K

A12

A3/A7

A1p

A10/A11

A10d/A11d

PDSN

DSS

AAA

MSCe

NetNumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB)

BTS

BTS

3G BSC

AN-AAA

2G BSC

MGW

A2p

BSN

A10BC/A11BC

BSS communicates with AT over the Um air interface and communicates with the core network through the corresponding A/Ap interface.

BTS lies between AT and BSC, and is responsible for connection between AT and core network.

At the radio side, BTS communicates with AT over Um air interface.

At the network side, BTS communicates with BSC over Abis interface.

In the forward direction, BTS first receives data from BSC over Abis interface. It implements CDMA coding and data modulation by converting baseband signals into RF signals followed by power amplification and subsequent transmission over RFE and antennas.

Description



In the reverse direction, BTS receives weak radio signals from AT via the antenna feeder and RFE. It performs low noise amplification, down-conversion, CDMA signal decoding and demodulation, and sends the signals to BSC over Abis interface.

BSC has overall control of BSS and establishes connection with BTS over Abis interface and the Mobile Switching Center Emulation (MSCe), Media Gateway (MGW), Packet Data Service Node (PDSN), Broadcast Serving Node (BSN) and Dispatching Server Subsystem (DSS) connection over A/Ap interface.

Netnumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB) OMM (Operation and Maintenance Module) manages NEs and provides a standard interface to connect with upper-level NMC. It can be connected to the upper-level NMS via the standard CORBA, SNMP, FTP, or Telnet interface.

BSS, MSCe, MGW and Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) work together to implement voice service and Short Messaging Service (SMS) function in the traditional circuit domain.

BSS, PDSN work with Internet to implement data service in the packet domain that leads to implementation of other data services. Addition of several core network function entities enables delivery of EV-DO multicast services.

BSS and DSS work together to implement digital trunking communication services.

BSS and BSN work together to implement broadcasting service.

BSS supports multiple networking modes, includes:

Star Networking

In star networking, BSC connects with each BTS directly through E1 link, satellite link or built-in Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) link, and each BTS represents a terminal device. Simplicity of this mode enables easy maintenance and engineering. Since signal transmission takes place with fewer intermediate links, transmission reliability is higher. Star networking commonly applies to more populated areas.

Figure 3 illustrates BSS star networking.

BSS Networking



F I G U R E 3 BSS S T AR N E T W O R K I N G M O D E

BSC

BTS

...

BTS

BTS

Chain Networking

In chain networking, several BTS interconnect to form a chain, and interface with BSC through BTS located at chain ends. In this mode, signal transmission takes place through intermediate nodes, resulting in low transmission reliability. This mode is suitable for less populated areas. Employing this networking mode reduces investment on transmission equipments. Chain networking is also applicable for sites with multiple BTS.

Figure 4 illustrates BSS chain networking.

F I G U R E 4 BSS C H AI N N E T W O R K I N G M O D E



Ring Networking

In ring networking mode, several BTS connect with BSC in series to form a ring.

Figure 5 illustrates BSS ring networking.

F I G U R E 5 BSS R I N G N E T W O R K I N G M O D E

Hybrid Networking

Hybrid networking is the combination of network topologies (star, chain and ring) implemented between BTS and BSC.

Figure 6 illustrates BSS hybrid networking mode with star, chain and ring networking modes.

F I G U R E 6 BSS H Y B R I D N E T W O R K I N G M O D E

BTS...

BTS BTS

BTS

BTS...

BTS BTS

BSC

The advantages of hybrid networking are described below:

Adapt to existing transmission networks easily. This advantage enables operators to make full use of existing transmission networks at the initial network building stage and saves network construction cost.

Provides flexible network with less BTS installation complexity.

Easy to construct versatile transmission routes make networks robust.



Figure 7 shows different networking modes in BSS system.

F I G U R E 7 D I F F E R E N T N E T W O R K I N G M O D E S I N BSS S Y S T E M

BSS Data Configuration BSS data configuration is performed in Netnumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB).

The configuration management includes physical configuration, radio parameter configuration, signaling configuration and V5 configuration.

Physical configuration is to configure BSS physical equipment at the background database including BSS, BSC, BTS, racks, shelves, boards, chips, units and their connections.

Radio parameters include CE, frame offset, radio channels, WALSH code and power.

Signaling configuration refers to BSC signaling parameter configuration that includes BSC (local exchange office) configuration, MSC (adjacent exchange office) configuration, MTP configuration (or SIGTRAN configuration) and SSN configuration.

V5 configuration is only used for V5 interface.

Purpose



Before configuring 1x Release A service, 1xEV-DO service and PTT service, perform the following operations in advance:

Checking Cable Connections at the foreground.

Checking DIP Switches and Jumpers of the equipments.

Planning Network Addresses for the system.

Planning External IP Addresses.

Installing Netnumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB) Software.

Perform the following steps for 1x Release A service configuration.

1. Add BSS

2. Add BSC

3. Add BTS

4. Physical Configuration of BSC and BTS

5. BSS Radio Parameter Configuration of BSC and BTS

6. Signaling Configuration

7. Is the system supports V5 interface?

If Then

Yes Proceed to step 8

No Proceed to step 9

8. V5 Configuration

9. Does data Integrity be checked ok?

If Then


No Proceed again from step 4

10. Synchronize the foreground data with background data

11. Control Saving

12. Does configuration be verified ok?

If Then



13. Backup configuration data

END OF STEPS.

Perform the following steps for 1xEV-DO service configuration.

Preliminary Setup

1X Release A Configuration

Steps

1x EV-DO Configuration



1. Add BSS

2. Add BSC

3. Add BTS

4. Physical Configuration of BSC and BTS

5. EV-DO Radio Parameter Configuration of BSC and BTS


If Then



7. Synchronize the Foreground Data with Background Data

8. Control Saving


If Then




END OF STEPS.

Prior to deployment of PTT services, 1x Release A service must be deployed, at least, 1x Release A voice service has been deployed. After deployment of 1X Release A service, add several physical configuration procedures at the BSC side.

Perform the following steps for PTT service configuration.

1. Configure 1x Release A service

2. Add a Board: UPDC

3. Physical Configuration of BSC

4. BSS Wireless Parameter Configuration of BSC and BTS


If Then



6. Synchronize the Foreground Data with Background Data

7. Control Saving

Steps

PTT Configuration

Steps




If Then




END OF STEPS.

BSS System Interfaces Base Station System (BSS) provides several external interfaces such as A interface, V5 interface, Um interface and Abis interface.

A interface is the communication interface between BSS and MSS (Mobile Switching System).

Um interface is the interface between Mobile Station (MS) and BSS.

V5 interface is the interface between BSC and local exchange.

Abis interface is the interface between BSC and BTS.

Different types of Interface are:

A Interface

Figure 8 illustrates A interface in a CDMA2000 1X network.

F I G U R E 8 A I N T E R F AC E I N A CDM A2000 1X N E T W O R K

Overview

Interface Types



Figure 9 illustrates A interface in a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network model (Rev.0).

F I G U R E 9 A I N T E R F AC E I N A CDM A2000 1 X EV-DO N E T W O R K M O D E L (R E V .0 )

Source ANA8/A8d

PCF/PDC

PDSN/PDS

A9/A9d A11/A11d

A10/A10d

A12A13

Target AN

AN_ AAA

Service Signaling

MSC/ MSCeA1/A1p

Figure 10 illustrates A interface in a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network model (Rev.A).

F I G U R E 10 A I N T E R F AC E I N A CDM A2000 1 X EV-DO N E T W O R K M O D E L (R E V . A)

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network model has two evolution routes Revision 0 and Revision A. Difference between these two models is that whether there is the Spread Carrier/Mobility Management (SC/MM) function in PCF. Different A interface types are described as follows:

A1 Interface

The A1 interface provides signaling messages related to call processing, mobility management, radio resource management, authentication, and encryption between the BSS and MSC.

A2 Interface

The A2 interface provides voice services at the rate of 64 Kb/s or 56 Kb/s.



A1p Interface

2G BSS uses A1 and A2 interfaces to connect with 3G core network. A1 and A2 interfaces are based on TDM technology.

3G BSS uses A1p and A2p interfaces to connect with 3G core network. A1p and A2p interfaces are based on IP transmission technology.

A1p interface acts as the signaling interface connecting MSCe with 3G BSC.

A2p Interface

The A2p interface acts as the voice bearer service interface connecting MGW with 3G BSC.

A3 Interface

The mobile station uses A3 interface for soft handoff (BSC interconnection) signaling and traffic information between multiple BSS when the mobile is in the traffic channel state.

A3 interface comprises of two parts: A3 signaling interface and A3 service interface.

A3 signaling establishes one or more A3 service interface links and releases an established A3 service interface link. It provides a notice about the traffic channel status variation at local site.

A3 service protocol implements specific service fragment and rearrangement.

A7 Interface

A7 interface switching occurs between different BSS when the mobile station is beyond the service channel state.

A3/A7 interfaces support the connection of E1, T1, FE, GE and STM-1.

A8 Interface

The A8 interface provides packet data transmission between BSS and PCF.

A9 Interface

The A9 interface provides signaling transmission between BSS and PCF.

A10 Interface

The A10 interface provides data transmission between Packet Control Function (PCF) and PDSN.

A11 Interface

The A11 interface provides signal transmission between PCF and PDSN.

A8d Interface



The A8d interface provides data transmission between BSS and PDC. A8d interface data contains Push-to-Talk (PTT) user voice frames.

A9d Interface

A9d interface provides signal transmission between BSS and PDC.

A10d Interface

A10d interface provides data transmission between PDC and PDS.

A11d Interface

A11d interface maintains A10d connection between PDC and PDS.

A10-BC Interface

Program contents bearing interface, programs are transmitted between PCF and BSN via this interface.

A11-BC Interface

Interface between PCF and BSN, manages A10 resources and program applications.

A12 Interface

A12 interface executes the MS/AT access authentication at AN level, and helps to obtain Mobile Identification Number (MIN) on the A8/A9 and A10/A11 interfaces after MS/AT successfully conducts access authentication.

A13 Interface

The A13 interface is responsible for information exchange between source AN and target AN in CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Rev.0 network module and this interface is responsible for information exchange between source PCF and target PCF in CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Rev.A network module.

A14/Ax Interface

The A14/Ax interface implements transmission authentication between source AN and source PCF in CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Rev.A network model.

A15 Interface

The A15 interface implements paging between source AN and target AN in CDMA2000 1x EV-DO Rev.A network model.

V5 Interface

V5 physical layer consists of 2.048 Mb/s links. V5.1 consists of one 2.048 Mb/s links whereas V5.2 consists of 1~16 2.048 Mb/s links. One link consists of 64 Kb/s time slots that include B and C channels. B channel (Bearer channel) carries B channel data and PSTN call information. C channel carries C channel data and PSTN signaling information.



The V5.1 interface uses two protocols: PSTN protocol and control protocol. V5.2 interface uses PSTN protocol, control protocol, link control protocol, BCC protocol and protection protocol.

PSTN protocol: It provides protocols relating to specific calls. It transmits analog line status information such as off-hook and online over V5 interface.

Control protocol: It consists of common control port and user control port. Common control port provides V5 interface operations such as interface start, interface provisioning, block/unblock specific user port.

User control port involves controlling all user port types such as ISDN port, PSTN port etc. Blocking/unblocking, activation/de-activation of user ports is possible.

Link control protocol: It provides link status management, confirming link availability at both ends, and blocking/unblocking links.

BCC protocol: It provides B channel between AN and V5.2 interface.

Um Interface

BSS supports CDMA2000 1X Um interface and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Um interface. The CDMA2000 1X Um interface complies with IS-2000 protocol standards. The Um interface layers consist of physical layer, MAC and LAC sub layers. Each layer defines one or more protocols to implement functions.

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Um interface complies with IS-856 protocol standards. It consists of seven layers: application layer, stream layer, session layer, connection layer, security layer, MAC layer and physical layer. Each layer defines one or more protocols to implement functions.

Abis Interface

The Abis interface protocol is an interface protocol between Base Station Controller (BSC) and Base Transceiver System (BTS).

Figure 11 illustrates the Abis interface hierarchy.

F I G U R E 11 AB I S I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L H I E R AR C H I C A L S T R U C T U R E



Physical Layer: Supports E1/T1 trunk cables or Ethernet cable.

Link Layer: Supports multiple protocols; High level Data Link Control (HDLC), Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), PPPmux and PPPmultilink.

IP Layer: IP layer is a TCP/IP network layer protocol and IP packets contain IP address.

TCP/UDP/cUDP: TCP is the TCP/IP transport layer protocol. TCP provides connection-oriented and flow control services to packet data ensuring reliable packet transmission. TCP packets contain TCP port number. UDP is a connectionless protocol and cUDP is a compressed user Datagram protocol.

Abis traffic/Abis signal: Application layer contains two parts; control signaling part and service signaling part. The signaling part carries out control channel signaling of Um interface. The service part completes service management and service transmission.


C h a p t e r 3

BSS Fault Management


Alarm Levels and Query

Fault Handling Flow



Alarm Levels and Query BSS system provides an operation& maintenance software named NetNumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB).

NetNumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB) provides an alarm management tool for the maintenance personnel to monitor NEs (Network Elements) in the entire network, collect abnormal messages generated during NE running, and display these messages in forms like texts, graphics, sounds and light. In this way, the user can obtain the real-time information about the exceptional cases and handle them in time to ensure normal and reliable running of the BSS system.

Alarm Levels

Based on the alarm severity, the alarm information can be classified into four Levels: 1, 2, 3 and 4, representing critical alarms, major alarms, minor alarms and warnings respectively.

Level 1 alarm is critical alarms and requires immediate handling.

Level 2 alarm is major alarms that can affects system functionality and requires on time handling.

Level 3 alarm is minor alarms and reminds the maintenance personnel to remove the possible faults.

Level 4 alarm is warning alarms, which keeps the maintenance personnel aware of equipment running state.

Alarm query

The alarm management tool provides multiple ways for engineers to query the alarms information in the system.

Figure 12 displays the color-coded summary of all events according to alarm severity.

Overview

Summary view



F I G U R E 12 SU M M AR Y V I E W I N AL AR M M AN AG E M E N T

Double click the monitor or click View button to display the detailed information, as shown in Figure 13.

F I G U R E 13 DE T AI L E D I N F O R M AT I O N O F T H E L AS T 10 MI N U T E S AL AR M S U M M AR Y

The alarm management view shows the running state of foreground equipment in the rack diagram mode.

Rack Diagram State Query



Figure 14 shows the alarm management GUI displayed in rack diagram.

F I G U R E 14 AL AR M M AN AG E M E N T GUI I N R AC K D I AG R AM M O D E

Board color in the rack diagram indicates the alarm level. Color legend in the right side of alarm management view shows all alarm levels.

Green color indicates that the board works normally.

Red indicates that a critical fault occurs to the board and need immediate action.

Blue indicates that timely handling is required. Otherwise, important functions may be affected.

Orange indicates minor alarms.

Yellow indicates warnings.

Black indicates alarms that meet the filtering conditions. The maintenance personnel can customize these alarms.

Gray indicates the unknown faults. Analyze fault reason and resolve it accordingly.

Double-click an alarm board to view detail information including the troubleshooting suggestions.

Figure 15 shows alarm detail information on MP board.



F I G U R E 15 DE T AI L AL AR M I N F O R M AT I O N O F MP BO AR D



Click the Journal tab to show the journal details of this alarm, engineers can also enter and store their operation journal in the text area, as shown in Figure 16.

F I G U R E 16 J O U R N AL D E T AI L S F O R AN AL A R M



The alarm management module provides alarm list query function that displays history alarms and current alarms.

Figure 17 shows alarm information query result view.

F I G U R E 17 AL AR M I N F O R M AT I O N QU E R Y R E S U L T V I E W

The alarm management tool provides alarm analysis and statistics function. The results can be arranged according to engineer’s requirements. The alarm management tool has provided the following options to display the results:

Top NE

Top Alarm Code

By Time

By Busy Time

Average Period

NE History state

User Defined

Figure 18 is an example about how to use this function according to top NE alarms. For detailed information please refer to the NetNumen™ M3 (ZXC10 BSSB) system help file.

Alarm List Query

Alarm Statistics& Analysis

Example



F I G U R E 18 TO P NE AL AR M S L I S T

The alarm statistics result can be displayed in pie diagram, as shown in Figure 19.

F I G U R E 19 TO P NE AL AR M S S T AT I S T I C S I N P I E D I AG R A M

Figure 20 shows alarm Top NE alarm analysis interface.



F I G U R E 20 TO P NE AL AR M AN AL Y S I S R E S U L T I N B AR C H AR T

The alarm management tool supports the notification query function, which displays notification information.

Figure 21 shows notification information interface.

F I G U R E 21 NO T I F I C AT I O N QU E R Y I N T E R F AC E

Notification Information

Query



Fault Handling Flow According to two cases, the fault handling flow can be divided into general fault handling flow and major fault handling flow.

General Fault Handling Flow

Figure 22 illustrates General Fault Handling flow.

F I G U R E 22 GE N E R AL F AU L T H AN D L I N G F L O W

Description



1. Fault occurs

2. ZTE customer reports the fault to ZTE customer support center.

3. ZTE technical support engineer solve the problem by telephone or other methods remotely.

4. Is the problem solved?

If Then

Yes Proceed to Step 9

No Proceed to step 5.

5. Onsite technical support by ZTE technical support engineer


If Then

Yes Proceed to Step 8


7. ZTE technical support engineer forwards this problem to R & D department of ZTE for further analysis.

8. Technical support engineer submits service report to the customer after fault solved.

9. ZTE customer support center collects the feedback from the customer.

10. Is customer satisfied?

If Then


No Check the problem again.

11. Stop

END OF STEPS.

Steps



Major Fault Handling Flow

Figure 23 illustrates Major Fault Handling Flow.

F I G U R E 23 MAJ O R F AU L T H AN D L I N G FL O W

Call ZTE customer service hot line ( 7 × 24 )

755 - 26770800800 - 830 - 1118

Or contact with ZTE local office ( 7 × 24 )

0086 -0086 -

1. Fault occurs Steps



2. ZTE customer reports the fault to ZTE customer support center.

3. Is it a major fault?

If Then



4. Turn to general fault handling flow

5. Major fault report to relating ZTE personnel

6. Emergency fault handling


If Then



8. ZTE R & D engineers provide emergent support

9. Problem solved

10. ZTE customer support center visits customer and submits fault handling report to customer.

11. Stop

END OF STEPS.



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C h a p t e r 4

CNO2 Overview

This chapter introduces the CNO2 and also describes the following sections.

CNO2 Features

CNO2 Position

CNO2 Logic Structure



To enhance the operation efficiency of CDMA networks, and hence to increase the profit, it is very important for effective network evaluation. The personnel and senior administrators of carriers have to learn the current status of the entire network and its development trend. Network optimization personnel and maintenance personnel need to analyze network status, locate or forecast the problems of network quality and capacity and work out a scheme to improve the network performance. The engineers responsible for routine operation and maintenance need a unified network monitoring and analysis system for monitoring all the NEs on the network simultaneously.

The personnel assigned with different tasks have different focuses and analyze problems from different perspectives. CNO2 is the perfect analysis system to support the needs of all the requirements.

The following sections describe the features and installation of CNO2.

Introduction



CNO2 Features The CNO2 (Mobile Communication Network Integrated Expert Office) provides effective support for CDMA network planning, optimization and maintenance of CDMA networks. With the analysis tools and a variety of experience models and theory models provided by the CNO2, users can explore the system from different perspectives.

Maintenance personnel collect and compare the data of different NEs at different time depending on daily reports, thus to learn the running status of the entire network. Network optimization personnel give a conclusion after analysis, locate faults and resolve them.

At the primary stage of analysis, the CNO2 imports expertise and converts data statistic to data analysis, thus to provide solutions to unified management over cross-vendor NEs. The CNO2, which can only be accessed through web, can automatically detect faults on wireless networks.

The CNO2 is designed to meet the above-mentioned requirements. Its core function is to analyze the multi-sourced data on wireless networks, forecast the development trend of the networks and provide system evaluation reports so as to unveil the root causes of some problems. With the CNO2, carriers can learn the current running status of an entire network, thus to reduce management cost.

In addition, this system also assists in detecting the abnormal situations on a network in time. Carriers can make preparations for preventing potential problems beforehand or adopt the expert advice and solutions provided by the expert system when some faults occur, to enhance the reliability of the network.

The main features of CNO2 are:

Performance enhancement solutions.

The varied solutions provided by CNO2 enable the enhancement of the performance of the system.

Layered Performance architecture.

The CNO2 comprises of different tools in different layers which enables in providing total network solutions at all levels. The layered functions like the Statistic, Top N and PN Optimization help in providing solutions according to the level of the problem.

Professional Performance Solutions.

CNO2 provides professional solutions like the Expert System. The Expert System provides fast performance optimization.

Description



Integrated Analysis.

Integrated analysis provides the integrated report of the data received. This enables the maintenance personnel to quickly identify a problem and rectify.

CNO2 Position The engineers responsible for routine operation and maintenance need a unified network monitoring and analysis system for monitoring all the NEs on the network simultaneously. These personnel assigned with different tasks have different focuses and analyze problems from different perspectives.

Consider the CDMA network as shown in Figure 24

F I G U R E 24 CDM A N E T W O R K

BTSBTS BSC MSCHLR/VLR

Performance Data, Alarm Data, Etc.

Performance MonitoringPerformance MonitoringTrouble ShootingTrouble Shooting

Network EvaluationNetwork EvaluationRF Performance Engineer

RF Performance Engineer

Core Network Engineer

Core Network Engineer Application TechApplication Tech

Local Manager

Local Manager

Operator Top ManagementOperator Top Management

OMCBTSBTS BSC MSC

HLR/VLR

Performance Data, Alarm Data, Etc.

Performance MonitoringPerformance MonitoringTrouble ShootingTrouble Shooting

Network EvaluationNetwork EvaluationRF Performance Engineer

RF Performance Engineer

Core Network Engineer

Core Network Engineer Application TechApplication Tech

Local Manager

Local Manager

Operator Top ManagementOperator Top Management

OMC

Figure 24 gives a brief illustration of the various requirements by the user and the idea that analysis has to be done according to the different views of the user’s requirement.

The CNO2 is designed to meet the above mentioned requirements. The CNO2 provides End-to-End solutions for users.

Figure 25 shows the position of CNO2.

Description



F I G U R E 25 PO S I T I O N O F CNO2

Network Performance Evaluation and Problem Discovery

Problem Analysis

Problem Located

Problem resolving assistant

Integrated Report

Performance and Alarm analysis

SOP、STP、Emulators, etc

Expert system、diagnosis、service observation etc.

CNO2

CNO2



CNO2 Logic Structure Figure 26 shows the CNO2 Logic Structure.

F I G U R E 26 CNO2 LO G I C ST R U C T U R E


Abbreviations

Abbreviation Full Name

A

ABPM Abis Process Module

AT Access Terminal

ATM Asynchronous Transmission Mode

B

BCMCS BroadCast and MultiCast Service

BSC Base Station Controller

BSN Broadcast Serving Node

BTS Base Transceiver Station

C

CAS CDMA Analysis System

CLI Command Line Interface

CN Core Network

D

DTB Digital Trunking Board

DSS Dispatch Server System

E

EMC Electronic Magnetic Compatibility

EVRC Enhanced Variable Rate Code

G

GCM GPS Control Module

GIS Geographical Information System

GUI Graphical User Interface

H

HDLC High level Data Link Control

HIRS High-speed Interconnect Router Subsystem

I

IP Internet Protocol

IPCF Interface Packet Control Function




IWF Interworking Function

L

LE Local Extension Mode

LMT Local Maintenance Terminal

LSA Local Single Mode A

LSB Local Single Mode B

M

ME Mixed Extension Mode

MGW Media Gateway

MIN Mobile Identification Number

MS Mobile Station

MSCe Mobile Switching Center Emulation

MSS Mobile Switching System

N

NE Network Element

O

OMM Operation and Maintenance Module

P

PACA Priority Access and Channel Assignment

PDSN Packet Data Service Node

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

PTT Push-to Talk

R

RAN Radio Access Network

RE Remote Extension Mode

RRFS Remote Radio Frequency Subsystem

RS Remote Single Mode

RTO Remote Transcoder Operation

S

SC/MM Spread Carrier/Mobility Management

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SMS Short Messaging Service

T

TDSO Test Data Service Option

TrFO Transcoder Free Operation

Abbreviations



U

UPCF Universal Packet Control Function



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Index

AN 2, 22 AT 12, 13, 22 B 22 BSC .... 2, 12, 13, 19, 21, 23, 45 BSS . i, 1, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,

16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23

BSSB ...............................1, i BTS ......2, 6, 12, 13, 19, 23, 45 CBTS ...................................6 CDMA.......... 12, 13, 39, 40, 42 CDMA2000 ................ 19, 20, 23 CN 2, 3, 12, 45 DC ....................................22 E 23 E1 24 E1/T1................................24 EV 13, 20, 23 EV-DO.................... 13, 20, 23 GoTa .................................23 HDLC ........................... 24, 45

HRPD ...................................2 IP 2, 6, 21, 24 IS 23 IS-2000 ............................ 23 MAC................................... 23 MS 2, 12, 19, 22, 45 MSC.......................... 2, 20, 21 MSS.....................................3 NMS ................................. 13 OMC.....................................3 P 3, 13, 21, 22 PCF................................... 21 PDS .................................. 22 PDSN ............................. 3, 13 PDSS ........................ 2, 13, 46 PPP..............................24, 46 PTT................................... 22 RF 12 RFE..............................12, 13 ZXC10 ............................... 23


Figures

Figure 1 All-IP CDMA Network Architecture............................2

Figure 2 BSS Position in CDMA Network .............................. 12

Figure 3 BSS Star Networking Mode ................................... 14

Figure 4 BSS Chain Networking Mode ................................. 14

Figure 5 BSS Ring Networking Mode.................................... 15

Figure 6 BSS Hybrid Networking Mode................................ 15

Figure 7 Different Networking Modes in BSS System............. 16

Figure 8 A Interface in a CDMA2000 1X Network.................. 19

Figure 9 A Interface in a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Network Model (Rev.0) ........................................................................... 20

Figure 10 A Interface in a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network Model (Rev.A)........................................................................... 20

Figure 11 Abis Interface Protocol Hierarchical Structure ........ 23

Figure 12 Summary View in Alarm Management .................. 27

Figure 13 Detailed Information of the Last 10 Minutes Alarm Summary ........................................................................ 27

Figure 14 Alarm Management GUI in Rack Diagram Mode...... 28

Figure 15 Detail Alarm Information of MP Board................... 29

Figure 16 Journal Details for an Alarm ................................. 30

Figure 17 Alarm Information Query Result View ................... 31

Figure 18 Top NE Alarms List ............................................ 32

Figure 19 Top NE Alarms statistics in Pie Diagram ................ 32

Figure 20 Top NE alarm analysis Result in Bar Chart.............. 33

Figure 21 Notification Query Interface ................................ 33

Figure 22 General Fault Handling Flow................................ 34

Figure 23 Major Fault Handling Flow................................... 36

Figure 24 CDMA network .................................................. 42

Figure 25 Position of CNO2 ............................................... 43

Figure 26 CNO2 Logic Structure......................................... 44


Tables

Table 1 Chapter Summary ...................................................i

Table 2 Typographical Conventions ...................................... ii

Table 3 Mouse Operation Conventions ................................. iii

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.0.1.9) General Description

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