Zigbee Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair for Physically Challenged

7/29/2019 Zigbee Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair for Physically Challenged

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ZIGBEE CONTROLLED ROBOTIC

WHEEL CHAIR FOR PHYSICALLY

CHALLENGED WITH OBSTACLEIDENTIFICATION AND MUSIC

ALERt system


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Under the guidance of

SK.SAHIR M.Tech

(HOD of ece)

Presented byB.SNEHALATHA(09X21A015)

A.CHANDRAKUMAR(09X21A0404)

B.SRIKANYA(09X21A0413) K.SRIKANTH(09X21A0441)


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Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to outline a radical

approach toward providing wheeled mobility to

the elderly or disabled.

This project is to control the wheel chair(robot)

with obstacle detection and musical alert system

using RF.

L293D is used as a Driver IC for Motor and LCDis used for Display.

For musical alert system buzzer is used and for

obstacle detection ultrasonic sensor is used.


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Contents

Introduction

Components

Block diagram

Explanation

Applications

Advantages Future scope

Conclusion


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INTRODUCTION

Robotics is the branch oftechnology that

deals with the design, construction, operation

and application ofrobots[1] and computer

systems for their control, sensory feedback,

and information processing.

These technologies deal with automated

machines that can take the place of humans, inhazardous or manufacturing processes, or

simply just resemble humans.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology


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Many of today's robots are inspired by naturecontributing to the field ofbio-inspiredrobotics.

robotics has been often seen to mimic humanbehavior, and often manage tasks in a similarfashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growingfield, as we continue to research, design, andbuild new robots that serve various practicalpurposes, whether domestically, commercially,or militarily.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_roboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_robotics


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Components

Hardware components

Power supply

Microcontroller

LCD

L293D DC Motor

Zigbee module

Encoder

Decoder

9v Battery

Ultrasonic sensor

Buzzer

Transistor

Software components

Embedded C

Keil u vision software


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Block Diagram : Tx

Power Supply

EncoderTx


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Block Diagram:Rx

MicroController

Power Supply

Ultrasonicsensor

Transistor

Rx

L293D

LCD

DCMotor

Buzzer

HT12D


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Power supply

This is a 5V mini power supply unit. It is capable of driving a 1Aload at excellent line and load regulation.

The circuit is based on the LM2575N-5 step-down (buck) switching regulator.

Ultrasonic sensor

Ultrasonic sensors (also known as transceivers when they bothsend and receive) work on a principle similarto radar or sonar which evaluate attributes of a target byinterpreting the echoes from radio or sound wavesrespectively.

An ultrasonic transducer is a device that converts energyinto ultrasound, or sound waves above the normal range ofhuman hearing.

Ultrasonic sensors have long been used for rangemeasurements, tank level control, web brake and proximitydetection when difficult environments, challenging reflectionsurfaces or the need for extreme accuracy render traditionaloptical sensing devices unsuitable.
http://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/lm2575-nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_regulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_regulatorhttp://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/lm2575-nhttp://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/lm2575-nhttp://www.ti.com/lit/gpn/lm2575-n


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Buzzer

Piezo buzzer is an electronic devicecommonly used to produce sound.

Piezo buzzer is based on the inverseprinciple of piezo electricity,it is thephenomena of generating electricity

when mechanical pressure is applied tocertain materials and the vice versa .

Transistor A transistor is a semiconductor

device usedto amplify and switchelectronic signalsand electrical power.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_amplifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_amplifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_amplifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_amplifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device


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LCD

A liquidcrystal display (LCD) is aflat paneldisplay, electronic visual display, or video display that

uses the light modulating properties ofliquid crystals.Liquid crystals do not emit light directly.

LCDs are available to display arbitrary images (as in ageneral-purpose computer display) or fixed imageswhich can be displayed or hidden, such as preset

words, digits, and 7-segment displays as in a digitalclock.

LCD Modules can present textual information to user.Its like a cheap monitor that you can hook

in all of your gadgets.

They come in various types. The most popular one is16x2 LCD Module. It has 2 rows and 16

columns.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_panel_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_panel_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_panel_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_Crystalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_Crystalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_Crystalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-segmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-segmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_clockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-segmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-segmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-segmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_Crystalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_visual_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_panel_displayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_panel_display


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Driver Circuit(L293D)

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver.It acts as acurrent amp.It takes low current contor signal andprovide higher current signal.This higher currentsignal is used to drive the motor

L293D is two inbuilt H-bridge driver circuit..Two DCmotors can be driven simutensely both in forwardand in reverse..

The motor is controlled by input logic at pins 2 &7and 10 & 15.Input logic 00 or 11 will stop the motor

and logic 01 or 10 will rotate the in clock wise andanti clock wise.

Enable pins 1 & 9 must be high for motor to startoperating


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Ultrasonic Sensor:

It is also know as transceivers.Having both sendingand receving data.

It works on the principle of similler to rader.It is usedcommonly in Robotics..

When a Sonic pulse is emitted from the sensor then

the pulse bounces off of on object an echo isreturned..

The sensor is able to emit the pulse because of atransducer that converts between sonic,electronicand mech energes..


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Transistor:

It is a semiconductor which is afundamental component.

Transistor acts as a switching,voltage orcurent regulation and amplificationpurposs.

It acts as a switch which can open and closemany times per second..

In this there are two types of transistorNPN and PNP..


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Applications

The industrial robotics segment include robots forfield inspection and maintenance, military,medical, factory automation, rescue & security,underwater & pipeline exploration, construction &

demolition and robots for logistics & operations. The relationship with RTOS leader Micrium

enables us to deliver the real-time control andaccuracy you need for mission critical applications.

The major segments in the robotics market arePersonal Service and Industrial. The personalservice segment includes domestic robots,entertainment and education robots, homesecurity & surveillance and disability assistance.


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Disaster-relief situations such ashurricanes, tsunamis, or floods, where theycould rescue survivors, deliver food, water,and medical supplies, or even help establishan emergency communications network foremergency personnel.


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ADVANTAGES

Future uses for such robots include urbancombat, sniper detection, explosive"sniffers," nuclear/biological/chemicalsensing, mapping, and service as weaponsplatforms.

In short, Robots have advantages over

humans in areas such as strength, size,mobility, expendability, and the types ofenvironments in which they can work.


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Future scope

Work is at present being carried out on theincorporation of a new interface so that theuser can give orders on guiding based oneye movement. The part of the system thathas already been developed is being testedwith fairly satisfactory results. This willprovide an answer to the needs of peoplewho are severely handicapped and,

furthermore, the hardware for the treatmentof images may be used to reinforce theautonomous guiding of the wheelchair(including passing through doorways,avoiding obstacles, etc.).


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Conclusion

The purpose being to provide a means forthe elderly or disabled to gain greateraccess to and independence beyondbarrier free environments, or in the case

of those lacking control ability to makemobility comfortable for the person

themselves and those caring for them byusing remote control functionality.


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Any Questions


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Zigbee Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair for Physically Challenged

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