High Performance Chemicalsfor Lubricants

YOUR VERSATILE PARTNER IN CHEMISTRY

Ketjenlube TM / POLYMERIC - SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL ESTERS

Dapral TM / ASA - PIBSA - ASI - PIBSI

Dapramid TM / FATTY ACID AMIDES

Dapraphos TM / PHOSPHITES - PHOSPHONATES - PHOSPHATES

Dapralube TM / OLEOCHEMICALS

Dequest TM / ANTISCALANTS

Italmatch Chemicals S.p.A is a global specialty chemicals company, leader in polymeric, natural,synthetic and complex esters and in its traditional sector of organic and inorganic phosphorus derivatives.Italmatch Chemicals Group has a strong international and global presence with more than 80%of production being exported.The company’s strategic and long term focus is mainly in the lube oil, water & oil management and plasticadditives markets, with five manufacturing sites in Europe (Spoleto and Arese in Italy, Zaragozza in Spain,Frankfurt in Germany and Newport in UK) and three in China. The Group is particularly committed to theAsian market growth, leveraging also on its historical access to China, with established local manufacturingand regional Asia Pacific marketing presence.The Arese product portfolio includes Ketjenlube Polymer Esters, Synthetic and Fatty Acid Esters, Amides, FattyAcid Chlorides and ASA/PIBSA, as well as organic Phosphorus derivatives. In Spain the Group manufacturesOleoesters. Water soluble Phosphonates are manufactured in UK.The Arese site is located near Milan, in northern Italy. Various reactors (glass lined and stainless steel)of different sizes allow high flexibility in production planning with additional capacity for optimization andexpansion. Core technologies/competences include, among others, polymerization, esterification, chlorination,amidation and “ene” thermal condensation.A consistent high product quality is ensured by a team of experienced and skilled people, with particularfocus on joint product and technical development with Customers/Partners. Arese site it is also equipped withan applicative laboratory to screen and test product performance.The Arese site is certified ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 and participates in the Responsible Care programme. The plant maintains Halal and Kosher certifications for manufacturing of a range of food grade polymeric esters.The Zaragozza site has integrated acids and natural esters manufacturing (using renewable raw materials).

Historyof the Company

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Main Feedstocks

Chemistry Chemical Name Trade Name Applications

PCL3 / H3PO3 POCl3 / P2O5

Esterification Phosphite estersPhosphate estersPhosphonates

Dapraphos TM Lubricant Intermediates EP additives

Alcohols - renewable sources - petrochemical sources

Esterification Di-esters Polyol Esters Complex Esters

Ketjenlube TM Lubricants

Ammonia Amidation Amides Dapramid TM Lubricants

Olefins, Alcohols Unsaturated Diesters, Maleic Anhydride

Polymerization Ester Copolymers Ketjenlube TM Lubricants

Maleic Anhydride Olefins, reactive PIB Amines

Condensation ASA/PIBSA ASI/PIBSI

Dapral TM PA Dapral TM PI

Lubricants/Fuels Intermediates

Chemicals for Lubricants and Fuels

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Ketjenlube Polymer Esters for Automotive andKL 115

KL 135

KL 165

KL1300

KL215

KL 230

KL 240

KL 2500

KL 2700

KL3100

KL3300

KL 3700

KL 23000

KL 305

KL 445

KL 445 VLP

KL 522

KETJENLUBE POLYMER ESTERSPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Method Medium/High Polar Products

LOW POLAR (PAO COMPATIBLE) Water soluble/Emulsifiable Products

Viscosity at 100°C (mm²/s) ASTM D-445 15 34 65 260 16 30 40 500 700 94 350 700 3000 5.5 - - -Viscosity at 40°C (mm²/s) ASTM D 445 115 340 770 4100 120 280 400 7000 11000 990 5200 11000 43000 30 500 400 2200Viscosity index ASTM D-2270 135 139 152 190 140 140 160 230 250 174 220 250 300 140 - - -Pour point (°C) ASTM D-97 -30 -39 -30 -21 -27 -33 -6 -9 -21 -24 -24 -18 n/a -42 -24 -21 -18Flash point (°C) ASTM D-92 250 250 255 260 250 250 270 270 270 260 >240 270 270 230 220 230 180Acid Number (mgKOH/g) ASTM D-974 0.4 0.2 0.3 <0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 <0.1 0.5 <0.3 < 0.1 0.3 1.2 10 7 60Density 20°C (g/cm³) ASTM D-1217 0.93 0.96 0.98 0.99 0.92 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.96 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.92 0.93 1.06 1.05 - Colour Gardner ASTM D-1544 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 <1 < 1 < 1 < 1 <1 < 1 < 1 <1 6 4 2APPLICATIONAL PROPERTIESVolatility Noack (%) ASTM D-5800 4 3 3 1 4 3 3 1 < 1 1 1.4 < 1 1 - - -Hydrolytic Stability (Acid Number as mgKOH/g After 48 h)

ASTM D-2619 - - -

Oil phase 0.29 0.29 0.25 0.10 0.22 0.36 0.11 0.12 0.26 0.18 0.16 0.26 0.16 - - - Water phase 0.24 0.24 0.03 0.24 0.14 0.27 0.07 0.08 0.17 0.12 0.3 0.17 0.13 - - -Thermo-Oxidative Stability(200°C; 12h; 15 Liter Air/Hour)

IP 48

Weight loss (%) 6.35 5.8 4.75 4.3 5.3 5.0 4.15 2.6 3.45 3.15 3.5 3.7 3.50 - - - Viscosity Ratio 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.0 5.0 4.4 4.0 2.8 1.6 3.2 2.16 1.5 0.72 - - -

Lubricity (% wear area; 150 N oil = 100%) Reichert Pure Ketjenlube 30 31 20 20 32 26 28 6 12 17 6 5 11.0 - - - 10% KL in 150 N oil 89 88 89 90 78 74 93 87 90 92 89 90 - 40 43 60Seal Compatibility CEC-L-39-X-95 NEUTRAL SLIGHTLY

SWELLING

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Ketjenlube Polymer Esters for Automotive and Industrial LubricantsKL 115

KL 135

KL 165

KL1300

KL215

KL 230

KL 240

KL 2500

KL 2700

KL3100

KL3300

KL 3700

KL 23000

KL 305

KL 445

KL 445 VLP

KL 522

KETJENLUBE POLYMER ESTERSPHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Method Medium/High Polar Products

LOW POLAR (PAO COMPATIBLE) Water soluble/Emulsifiable Products

Viscosity at 100°C (mm²/s) ASTM D-445 15 34 65 260 16 30 40 500 700 94 350 700 3000 5.5 - - -Viscosity at 40°C (mm²/s) ASTM D 445 115 340 770 4100 120 280 400 7000 11000 990 5200 11000 43000 30 500 400 2200Viscosity index ASTM D-2270 135 139 152 190 140 140 160 230 250 174 220 250 300 140 - - -Pour point (°C) ASTM D-97 -30 -39 -30 -21 -27 -33 -6 -9 -21 -24 -24 -18 n/a -42 -24 -21 -18Flash point (°C) ASTM D-92 250 250 255 260 250 250 270 270 270 260 >240 270 270 230 220 230 180Acid Number (mgKOH/g) ASTM D-974 0.4 0.2 0.3 <0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 <0.1 0.5 <0.3 < 0.1 0.3 1.2 10 7 60Density 20°C (g/cm³) ASTM D-1217 0.93 0.96 0.98 0.99 0.92 0.94 0.93 0.93 0.96 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.92 0.93 1.06 1.05 - Colour Gardner ASTM D-1544 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 <1 < 1 < 1 < 1 <1 < 1 < 1 <1 6 4 2APPLICATIONAL PROPERTIESVolatility Noack (%) ASTM D-5800 4 3 3 1 4 3 3 1 < 1 1 1.4 < 1 1 - - -Hydrolytic Stability (Acid Number as mgKOH/g After 48 h)

ASTM D-2619 - - -

Oil phase 0.29 0.29 0.25 0.10 0.22 0.36 0.11 0.12 0.26 0.18 0.16 0.26 0.16 - - - Water phase 0.24 0.24 0.03 0.24 0.14 0.27 0.07 0.08 0.17 0.12 0.3 0.17 0.13 - - -Thermo-Oxidative Stability(200°C; 12h; 15 Liter Air/Hour)

IP 48

Weight loss (%) 6.35 5.8 4.75 4.3 5.3 5.0 4.15 2.6 3.45 3.15 3.5 3.7 3.50 - - - Viscosity Ratio 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.0 5.0 4.4 4.0 2.8 1.6 3.2 2.16 1.5 0.72 - - -

Lubricity (% wear area; 150 N oil = 100%) Reichert Pure Ketjenlube 30 31 20 20 32 26 28 6 12 17 6 5 11.0 - - - 10% KL in 150 N oil 89 88 89 90 78 74 93 87 90 92 89 90 - 40 43 60Seal Compatibility CEC-L-39-X-95 NEUTRAL SLIGHTLY

SWELLING

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GENERAL INFORMATION >> Ketjenlube Polymer Esters are unique, patented specialty components used in the formulation of synthetic and semi-synthetic high performance lubricants in both Automotive and industrial fluids. They reduce wear much more efficiently than other conventional synthetic base fluids. This feature has made Ketjenlube Polymer Esters an important tool in the lubricating oil area during the last decade and even today are still finding new applicative uses due to their unique properties.

CHEMISTRY >> Ketjenlube Polymer Esters are ester copolymers. The product viscosities range from 15 mm2/s up to 3000 mm2/s at 100°C. As the average molecular weights (Mw) do not exceed 10,000 Dalton, even the highest viscous Ketjenlube Polymer Esters are very shear stable. Structurally Ketjenlube Polymer Esters can also be regarded as functionalized polyalphaolefins.

KetjenlubePolymer Ester

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>> Compatibility attributes: Ketjenlube Polymer esters are available in different polarities and are fully compatible with a wide variety of mineral base stocks Group I, II and III Base Oils, PAO both light and heavy grades.

>> Outstanding inherent lubricity:Ketjenlube Polymer Esters exhibit one of the highest load carrying capacities compared to most other lube oil base fluids available in the market.

>> High VI and shear stability: Ketjenlube Polymer Esters are able to perform consistently under high pressure and temperature regimes without losing their original properties.

>> Very high oxidative stability and film strength: This makes Ketjenlube Polymer Esters the best choice as high performance additives for cutting oils enhancing lifetime and reducing corrosion potential of the product.

>> Powerful synergy with AW/EP Additives: This makes it possible to replace e.g. chloroparaffins in metal working fluids by a combination of Ketjenlube Polymer Esters and sulfur/phosphorus additives without losing EP-performance.

>> Superior hydrolytic stability: Ketjenlube Polymer Esters enhance/extend the lifetime of emulsions and are recognized as some of the most hydrolytically stable esters available for metal working fluids (soluble oils).

>> Clean burning, clean evaporation and low volatily:Ketjenlube Polymer Esters burn or evaporate at high temperatures without giving rise to smoke, hazardous fumes and carbon residues. This allows the formulation of low smoke two-stroke engine oils or industrial oils for high temperature applications.

>> Excellent Seal Compatibility: Ketjenlube polymer esters demonstrate neutrality to slight swelling character to the common seal materials when used as a base fluid which offers the advantage of no requirement for ester seal swelling agents when used together with PAO or Group III base oils.

Properties

Idealized structure of Ketjenlube Polymer Esters

Ketjenlube

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The high inherent lubricity together with their clean burning make the Ketjenlube Polymer Esters an ideal base fluid for two-stroke motor bike engine oils.

The ISO-L-EGD results of four different formulation examples (semi-synthetic, synthetic, high solvent oils) containing Ketjenlube Polymer Esters as ester component are:

Ketjenlube

Ketjenlube Polymer EstersIN TWO-STROKE ENGINE OILS

OIL 1 2 3 4Type Synthetic;

High Solvent

Synthetic Semi

Synthetic

Semi

Synthetic

Composition (wt %)

Ad-pac A / / 5.2 /

Ad-pac B 9.3 / / 5.2

Ad-pac C / 5.2 / /

Polyisobutylene 40.7 49.8 30 30

Ketjenlube 305 / 25 15 /

Ketjenlube 135 / / / 10

Ketjenlube 115 15 / / /

150 SN mineral oil / / / 30

600 SN mineral oil / / 34.8 10

Solvent 35 20 15 14.8

Viscosity 100°C (mm2/s) 8.8 9.6 9.5 9.5

ISO-L-EGD-Engine Test Results:

- Exhaust smoke index

(FC limit: 85 min)

193 172 85 89

- Lubricity index

(FC limit: 95 min)

116 100 103 97

- Torque index

(FC limit: 98 min)

98 100 102 100

- Detergency index 1 Hour

(FC limit:95 min)

Not Determined Not Determined 105 108

- Detergency index 3 Hours (GD limit:125 min) 135 137 125 Not Determined

Exhaust port blocking index (FC limit: 90 min) 210 111 110 125

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Special performance needs for 4T Motor Cycle Engine Oil’s need to satisfy requirements of: Engine, Gear Box & Clutch.

> High temperature piston cleanliness> Thermal & Oxidative stability> Higher HTHS viscosity> Engine durability> Superior clutch friction> Strong gear Pitting/Wear performance.

Ketjenlube Polymer EstersIN FOUR-STROKE ENGINE OILS

Synthetic 10W-30 Oil with Ketjenlube 135 Formulation Details.

Test Results

Meeting new JASO MA2 - 2011 Specification.

Added value to customers:

>> Fuel economy – 10W/30 & lower viscosity grades + low shear. >> Lower oil consumption due to low Noack volatility.>> Longer Oil Drain Intervals.

COMPONENT Wt%

250 N Grp III (Ultra S8) 79.4

KETJENLUBE 135 9

Add Pack 10

Viscosity Index improver 1.3

POUR POINT DEPRESSANT 0.3

TESTS RESULTS METHOD RESULTS

Viscosity @ 40°C, cSt ASTM D 445 65.7

Viscosity @ 100°C, cSt ASTM D 445 10.2

Viscosity Index ASTM D 2270 141

HFRR (100C,50Hz,1000g,60 mins) ASTM D 6079-M

Friction Coefficient 0.098

Wear Scar (mm) 0.46

Film Thickness (%) 84.9

Oxidation Stability (121°C, 312 h) ASTM D 2893

KV@100°C Increase (%) 0

Acid number increase (mgKOH/g) 0.38

CCS -25°C, mPas (7000 max) ASTM D 5293 5900

HTHS @ 150°C, cP (2.9 Min) ASTM D 5481 3.25

JASO T 903 – 2011 Engine Test

Results:

MA2 PASS

DFI 2.08 ≥1.85 & <2.5

SFI 1.87 ≥1.7 & <2.5

STI 1.95 ≥1.85 & <2.5

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Ketjenlube

The two high viscous Ketjenlube Polymer Esters Ketjenlube 23,000 and Ketjenlube 2700 are tailor made for application in gear oils and are cost effective alternatives to higher viscosity polyalphaolefins.

Besides their superior load carrying capacity they exhibit;

>> Excellent thermo-oxidative and hydrolytic stability.>> Shear stability.>> Compatibility with non-polar base stocks and polar additives.>> Excellent viscosity characteristics at low temperatures.>> Improved film strength enhancing micro-pitting performances

AUTOMOTIVE GEAR OILS / FORMULATION EXAMPLES

KL2700 KL23000 PAO 100 PAO 40

Viscosity Grade 75W-140 75W-90 75W-90 75W-90

COMPOSITION

Ketjenlube 2700 50.5

Ketjenlube 23,000 30

PA0 100 45

PA0 40 58

PA0 4 30 60 30 10

Di-Ester (Adipate) 9.5 15 15

Ad-Pac, Anti-Foam 10 10 10 17

PERFORMANCE DATA

Viscosity 100°C (mm2/sec) 24.3 14.8 15.1 14.9

Viscosity - 40°C (mPas) 125500 29400 57500 56800

Apperance (-15°C) HOMOGENEOUS, CLEAR

Copper Corrosion ASTM D 130 1a 1a 1a 1a

Shear loss After 20 h (%) <1 4.7 1 0.7

CEC L-45-T93

GFC-Oxidation Test CEC L-48 -A-95

(160 DC, 192 h);

Acid Number After Test (mgKOH/g) 0.45 1.2 1 1.1

Viscosity Increase (%) 32 51 47 40

Ketjenlube Polymer EstersIN GEAR OILS

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INDUSTRIAL GEAR OIL / FORMULATION EXAMPLE

Ketjenlube 2700/PAO 6 PAO/Ester

Experimental Product Commercial Product Commercial Product

COMPOSITION

PA0 6 53.5 Proprietory 10.5

PA0 40 / Proprietory 80

TMP-Ester / / 8

Ketjenlube 2700 45 34 /

Ad-Pac 1·5 Proprietory 1·5

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Viscosity 40DC (cSt) 219.6 218 221.1

Viscosity Index 172 175 149

Flash Point (°C) 265 265 260

Pour Point (°C) -48 -46 -50

Performance Tests

Copper Corrosion Test ASTM D 130 (3 H, 100°C)

1B 1A 1B

Rust Preventing Characteristics ASTM D 665 Procedure A and B

Pass Pass Pass

Oxidation Test ASTM D-2893 (121°c, 312 H) -> Viscosity Increase(%)

3.54 3.80 3.80

Demulsibility ASTM D2711 Free Water: 87 ml Free Water: 87 ml Free Water: 87 ml

Emulsion: 0.0 ml Emulsion: 0.0 ml Emulsion: 0.0 ml

Water in OIL 0.4% Water in OIL 0.8% Water in OIL 0.3%

Water Separation ASTM D1401 42-38-0 (45) Not Determined 40-40-0 (30)

Foaming Characteristics ASTM D892 Sequence I: 0/0 Sequence I: 0/0 Sequence I: 30/0

Sequence II: 20/0 Sequence II: 60/0 Sequence II: 60/0

Sequence III: 0/0 Sequence III: 10/0 Sequence III: 30/0

Four-Ball Test ASTM 2783 LWI: 51,1Weld Load: 250 Kg

LWI: 64,2Weld Load: 250 Kg

LWI: 53,2Weld Load: 250 Kg

Falex Pin&Vee Test ASTM D2670; Wear Teeth

1 3 1

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Proven alternative to PAO/ester based EP-gear Oils: >> Synergy with AW/EP-additives >> Lower peak temperatures under high load >> Long term stability: (Oxidative, hydrolytic, shear and thermal) >> Improved additive compatibility>> Improved micropitting performance>> Higher durability.>> Use in Off-shore wind turbines. >> No need for ester solubilizers.

Various OEM approvals (e.g. Flender, wind turbine manufacturers)

>> Competitively priced versus PAO 40/PAO 100

Ketjenlube 2700 and 3700IN WIND TURBINE OILS

Ketjenlube

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COMPOSITION "Ketjenlube2700" "PAO 40"

Ketjenlube 2700 42 /

Polyalphaolefin 40 / 80.6

Polyalphaolefin 6 56.6 10.5

TMP C-8/10 Ester / 7.5

Additive Package A (Plus Antifoam) 1.4 1.4

PERFORMANCE TESTS

Viscosity 40°C (mm2/s) 220 221

Oxidation Test ASTM D-2893 (121°C, 312h)

Viscosity Increase (%)

+ 3.5 + 26

Demulsibility Test ASTM D-1401 (121°C)

Oil-Water Emulsion (ml)

40-40-0 (45 min) 40-40-0 (45 min)

Demulsibility Test ASTM D-2711 (82°C)

Water in Oil (ml) 0.4 0.3

Free Water (ml) 87 87

Emulsion (ml) 0 0

Foam Test ASTM D-892

Sequence I (ml) 0 30-0

Sequence II (ml) 50-0 60-0

Sequence III (ml) 0 30-0

4-Ball Test ASTM D-2783

Weld Load (Kg) 200 200

Load Wear Index 51.6 53.2

Copper Corrosion ASTM D 130 1A 1B

Rust Prevention ASTM D 665 PASS PASS

Ketjenlube 2700 versus PAO 40PERFORMANCE IN ISO VG 220 INDUSTRIAL GEAR OIL

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Ketjenlube 240 Use in FOOD GRADE INDUSTRIAL GEAR OILS

Provides:

>> superior wear protection and stability (clearly exceeding DIN 51517-3)>> low in colour even after ageing>> Complete elastomer compatibility>> Complete formulation with full proof of performance available>> All compounds of the formulation are NSF-approved as H-1 and HX-1

Ketjenlube 240 has been specially designed for the use in premium food-grade lubricant formulations (H1 lubricants) in combination with very low polar components like high viscosity Polyalphaolefins or Polyisobutenes. Ketjenlube 240 significantly improves the lubricity and friction characteristics in lubricants for food-grade applications such as:

• Industrial gear oils; • Chain lubricants (esp. for higher temperature applications); • Greases

Base fluids PAO 40 PAO 8 Ketjenlube 240

64.520.513.5

Additives Additin RC 9330*Foam Ban 159*

1.50.0075

Test method Result Limits according to DIN 51517-3

Viscosity 100°C (mm²/s)Viscosity 40°C (mm²/s)Viscosity indexPour point (°C)Flash point (°C)Water content (ppm)

22726.7151-33274100

198 - 24290 min.

--9 max.200 min.1000 max.

Test method Result Limits according to DIN 51517-3

Demulsibility ASTM D 1401 (82°C)

41-39-0 (10)

40-37-3 (30)

Foaming ASTM D 892Sequence I (ml) Sequence II (ml) Sequence III (ml)

10/00/050/0

100/10100/10100/10

Copper corrosion ASTM D130 (100°C, 3h)

1a 1 max.

Steel corrosion ASTM D 665 (proc. A)

pass pass

FZG-test (A/8.3/90); max. load stage

>12 12 min.

FE 8 test E DIN 51819-3wear loss bearing rollers (mg)wear loss bearing cage (mg)

2.119.9

30 max-

Oxidation test ASTM D-2893 (121°C, 312 h); Viscosity increase (%)

3.4 41-39-0 (10)

Elastomer compatibility (NBR, 168 h, 100 °C) Volume change (%) Hardness change (shore A) Tensile strength change (%)Elongation break change (%)

0-1-3-17

0/+10 max.-10/+5 max.-30 max.-40 max.

*Additin and Foam Ban are registered trade marks of Rhein Chemie and Muenzing GmbH, resp.

Performance of Ketjenlube 240 in a Food-GradeIndustrial Gear Oil (ISO 220 Grade; meeting DIN 51517-3) Composition (wt%):

Analytical Results:

Ketjenlube

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Niche functionalized polymeric esters using a sulphur source to combine the benefits of the Ketjenlube polymer esters, their compatibility in Group I,II & III base oils to offer the formulators the added benefit of developing low mist and high load carrying performance neat oils. Pale in colour and low in odour this sulphured ester provides all the attributes of being oxidatively stable and shear resistant for use in modern high pressure/speed CNC machines found in to-days machine shops.

Another advantage to be gained is the inactivity towards certain metals: stainless alloys, copper and other yellow metal alloys.

FunctionalisedKetjenlube EstersKL2715S

PARAMETERS METHOD KL 2715S

APPEARANCE VISUAL CLEAR YELLOW

LIQUID

COLOUR ASTM-D-1500 L 3.0

VIS. @ 40°C, cSt ASTM-D-7042 665

S.G. @ 29.5°C, g/cc ASTM-D-7042 0.988

STABILITY INTERNAL STABLE

CU. CORROSION ASTM-D-130-M

AT 120°C, 3HRS.

3% IN 150SN GR I 1b

3% IN 500N GR II 1b

3% IN 250N GR III 1b

WELD LOAD, Kg ASTM-D-2783

5% IN 150N GR II 400

10% IN 150N GR II 500

SOLUBILITY INTERNAL

5% IN 150SN GR I BRIGHT & CLEAR

5% IN 500N GR II BRIGHT & CLEAR

5% IN 250N GR III BRIGHT & CLEAR

SULPHUR, % CALCULATED 15

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KetjenlubeHigh Performance EstersMetal Working Fluids

Ketjenlube Polymer Esters are used commercially in a wide range of metal working applications at treat levels of between 5% to 25% depending on the application and metal being machined:

>> In neat oils>> In water-miscible fluids (soluble oils) >> For metal cutting operations (e.g. broaching, tapping, milling) >> For metal forming operations (e.g. rolling, drawing, stamping)

The performance of Ketjenlube Polymer Ester containing fluids is further increased when combined with Antiwear/EP agents, so enabling high performance formulations to be made which are characterised by:

>> High film strength for good tool life and surface finish especially on hard metals; >> Reduction in mist generation especially in neat oil applications;>> Low carbon residues in post annealing operations in forming applications (stamping, drawing);>> Oxidative stabillity preventing corrosion, maintaining flash point and reducing shear in high pressure applications;>> Enhanced hydrolytic stability, improving long term stability of the product and maintaining cutting performance;>> Biological resistance reducing bacterial degradation of the ester component so enhancing the stability of an emulsion over extended periods thereby enhanging tool life and surface finish.

Ketjenlube high performance esters have the added advantage of:

>> Superior compatibility with gp I, II, III and other highly refined base oils.>> Favourable toxicological profile.>> Versatility in a wide range of conditions and applications.

Italmatch Chemicals has invested extensively in the capability to evaluate the performance characteristics of the Ketjenlube Polymer esters in both laboratory based and external customer orientated application tests. Within the new Italmatch application laboratory the use of recognized performance test equipment such as Four-Ball, Reichert, Pin & Vee Block Falex, MICROTAP and CNOMO is creating a further detailed understanding of the application of the complete product range and differentation of the existing and newly developed products.

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KEY CHARACTERISTICS- UNIQUE LUBRICITY PERFORMANCE;- VERY CLEAN BURNING WITH NO RESIDUE FORMATION; - HIGH ACTIVITY EVEN AT LOW TREAT RATES;- PROVEN SYNERGISTIC EFFECT WITH EP/AW ADDITIVES.

KetjenlubePolymer Esters

Superior Tool wear performances compared to Conventional Esters on steel

GOOD NEUTRALEXCELLENT

Ketjenlube 115Ketjenlube 135Ketjenlube 165Ketjenlube 1300

Polymeric Esters

CHEMISTRY APPLICATIONS

LUBRICITY ENHANCER

EMULSIFIER CORROSION INHIBITOR

EP/AW ADDITIVE

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KEY CHARACTERISTICS

- WATER DISPERSIBLE/SOLUBLE;- SUPERIOR LUBRICITY PERFORMANCE;- WIDE TEMPERATURE RANGE STABILITY;- ALTERNATIVE OPTION TO PAG CHEMISTRY;- PROVIDES CO-EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES.

GOOD NEUTRALEXCELLENT

Proven tool wear performance on aluminium machining (KL 445)

Ketjenlube 445Ketjenlube 445 VLPKetjenlube 522

Ethoxylated Polymeric Esters

CHEMISTRY APPLICATIONS

LUBRICITY ENHANCER

EMULSIFIER CORROSION INHIBITOR

EP/AW ADDITIVE

KetjenlubePolymer Esters

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KEY CHARACTERISTICS

- VERSATILE MULTIFUNCTION ADDITIVES;- LUBRICITY ENHANCERS WITH EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES;- ANTI RUST PROPERTIES IN BOTH NEAT AND WATERMIX FLUIDS;- LOW FOAMING;- ACIDIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS REQUIRE NEUTRALISATION IN WATERMIX FLUIDS. PICTURE SEMISYNTHETIC FLUID.

THE TYPICAL “ACTIVE SULFUR” CONTENT VALULES FOR THIS PRODUCTS IS: ~ 15%

KEY CHARACTERISTICS

- UNIQUE EXTREME PRESSURE PERFORMANCE;- COMPLETE ALTERNATIVE TO CHLOROPARAFFIN CHEMISTRY;- LIGHT IN COLOUR AND EXHIBITS LOW ODOUR;- SULPHURIZED ADDITVE ADAPTED FOR MULTI METAL APPLICATIONS.

Ketjenlube 9350Ketjenlube 9351Ketjenlube 9450

CHEMISTRY APPLICATIONS

LUBRICITY ENHANCER

EMULSIFIER CORROSION INHIBITOR

EP/AW ADDITIVE Complex Esters

CHEMISTRY APPLICATIONS

Ketjenlube 2715 S LUBRICITY ENHANCER

EMULSIFIER CORROSION INHIBITOR

EP/AW ADDITIVESulphuredPolymeric Ester

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KEY CHARACTERISTICS

- HIGH LEVELS OF EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES;- HARD WATER STABILITY IMPROVER;- EFFICIENT ALTERNATIVE TO SULPHONATES;- CHLORINE FREE MANUFACTURING PROCESS.

DAPRAL PA 450DAPRAL PA 750DAPRAL PA 1000

CHEMISTRY APPLICATIONS

LUBRICITY ENHANCER

EMULSIFIER CORROSION INHIBITOR

EP/AW ADDITIVEPIBSA

SEPARATE DETAILED INFORMATION RELATED TO THE APPLICATION OF ALL OF THESE ADDITIVE GROUPS WITHIN MWF FORMULATIONS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST.

GOOD NEUTRALEXCELLENT

DapralPIBSA

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Italmatch Dequest® is offering unique specialty additives to meet the needs of these industries involved in water management or deal with processes or applications where water plays a crucial role. More than 40 years ago Dequest® pioneered the development of phosphonates based antiscalants.

Dequest® phosphonates have been the product of choice for scale prevention, dispersion, chelation and metal corrosion inhibition in many applications for years. Recently, Dequest® phosphonates have been successfully introduced in metal working fluids applications.

Dequest® phosphonates range is broad and products can be proposed in standard, pure or very pure grades depending on exact needs (low chloride levels, low metallic ions).

On top of commercially available grades, Italmatch-Dequest is also continuously developing new molecules fitting customer needs and experimental grades can also be proposed. Please contact our technical team for selection of the product that will best fit into your ormulation.

Product used are, for example, Dequest® 2016 and Dequest® 2066.

Dequest phosphonates basically are used as chelant in MWF at the dosage of 0.2% to 0.5% to control particularly water hardness (Ca2+ and Mg2+) so that to passivate these cation (by forming soluble complexes) and avoid them forming calcium or magnesium soap that depletes one of the primary emulsifying system.

At the dosage of Dequest 0.2-0.5% as it is in the MWF system; Dequest phosphonates already can deliver the corrosion inhibition (for steel or carbon steel only) and antiscalant function as well. The corrosion inhibition function of Dequest phosphonates will be enhanced by combining with sodium metasilicates, sodium molybdates, amine carboxylates ... etc.

If the water hardness is high like 250-500ppm as CaCO3; then dosage of 0.5% - 1.0% would be recommended.

In soluble oil is the incorporation of Dequest® SPE0520 improves the emulsion stability when hard water is used.

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Ketjenlube Polymer Esters are used commercially in semi-synthetic and synthetic greases. They do significantly improve the AW/EP-properties without disturbing the grease texture. Greases with Ketjenlube Polymer Esters also show significantly increased ageing resistance in the presence of iron.

For more detailed information and test results about the use of Ketjenlube Polymer Esters please refer to the data-leaflet Ketjenlube Polymer Esters in Greases. Four-ball endurance test of a lithium soap grease with and without Ketjenlube 135 (load 2000 Newton).

KetjenlubePolymer EstersIn Greases

The synergistic AW/EP effect of Ketjenlube 135 helps to absorb the frictional forces, resulting in lower peak temperatures and a longer grease life

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MAJOR GREASE APPLICATIONS•NLGI grades from 0 to 2;•High temperature greases;•Greases for moist environments;•Metal soap, bentonite, or polyurea thickened greases.

MELAMINE CYANURATEMelamine Cyanurate is a salt of melamine and cyanuric acid. It is a non-toxic additive during its life cycle, including during fire situations, it is easy to handle, non-hazardous, recyclable and biodegradable.

The use of Melamine Cyanurate (MC) in greases has been developed in Japan around 30 years ago, and there are known uses in Japan and the USA.

A lubricant containing MC is effective for use in high-temperature, or high pressure atmospheres, or places where black-color producing contamination is not desired, or in metal working, cutting or grinding of metals. MC not only functions as a solid lubricant but also as an agent to thicken liquid lubricants such as mineral oil.

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RegulatoryInformation

INVENTORY (COUN-TRY)

KL 115*KL 135*KL 215*KL 230*

KL 165*KL 305*KL 1300*KL 240*KL 2500*

KL 3100KL 3700KL 2700KL 3300TKL 23000

KL 445 KL 445VLP

KL 522

EINECS (Europe) ** ** ** ** **TSCA (USA) Yes Yes Yes Yes YesDSL (Canada) Yes No Yes Yes YesAICS (Australia) Yes Yes Yes Yes NoMITI (Japan) Yes Yes Yes Yes NoIECSC (China) Yes Yes Yes Yes YesKECI (Korea) Yes No Yes Yes NoNZIoC (New Zealand) *** *** *** *** ***NECSI (Taiwan) Yes Yes Yes Yes YesThailand ** ** ** ** **

* NSF registered for use in lubricants with incidental food contact (HX-1)** Exempted - polymers*** Exempted – not hazardous substances

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Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluids (Ecolabel)

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES KETJENLUBE KETJENLUBE KETJENLUBE 9200 9201 9202

Item Test-Method Typical ValuesAppearance Visual Clear Liquid Clear Liquid Clear LiquidViscosity 40°C (mm2s) ASTM D-445 32 45 60Viscosity 100°C (mm2s) ASTM D-445 6.8 8 9.2Viscosity index ASTM D-2270 170 150 130Acid Number (mgKOH/g) ASTM D-974 0.1 0.1 0.1Pour Point ASTM D-97 -52°C -56°C -40°CFlash Point ASTM D-92 230°C 230°C 230°CColour Gardner ASTM D 1544 5 5 5Iodine Number (mgI2/100g)

in-house <2 <2 <2

Biodegradability OECD 301B >70 % >70 % >70 %% of Renewable Carbon

/ >78 % >75 % >72 %

Saturated Complex Estersfor use in Ecolabelled Lubricants

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ConventionalEsters

Apart from the patented Ketjenlube© Polymer Esters Italmatch Chemicals is offering also a wide range of various other synthetic and natural esters under the Ketjenlube trade name:

A SELECTION OF THE ESTER TYPES CURRENTLY AVAILABLE IS GIVEN IN THE TABLE BELOW:Trade Name Description Acid

ValueKV@40°C KV@100°C Viscosity

IndexColour Pour

PointFlash Point

Reccomended Application

mgKOH/g cSt cSt - Gardner °C °C

Ketjenlube 09 Dimer Ester 0.07 94 13 145 7 -57 280 Two-Stroke; MWF

Ketjenlube 10 Polyol Ester 0.07 22 4.4 - 2 -48 250 Automotive & Industrial Lubes

Ketjenlube 15 Dibasic Acid Ester 0.05 27 5.35 138 <1 -63 235 Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluids (Gear Oils)

Ketjenlube 16 Dibasic Acid Ester 0.08 14 3.7 149 <1 -75 230

Ketjenlube 19 Dibasic Acid Ester 0.1 18 4.5 162 4 -75 240 Auto Gear Oils

Ketjenlube 9350 Complex Ester 50 1000 100 180 8 -33 270 MWF

Ketjenlube 9450 Complex Ester 30 2200 180-220 210 9 -21 260 MWF

Ketjenlube 39* Complex Ester 0,3 Max 135 18 140 8 -54 280 Two-Stroke. MWF

Ketjenlube 9501* Complex Ester 0.5 380 39 150 7 -42 > 300 Industrial lubes

Ketjenlube 9503 Complex Ester 0.5 1650 125 170 7 -33 > 300 Metalworking forming & engine oilsKetjenlube 9505 Complex Ester 0.5 45000 2000 250 5 / > 300

Ketjenlube 72 Trimellitate Ester 0,1 Max 306 20.2 - 50 (Apha)

-20 270 High Temperature Lube Applications

Chain Oils and greases

Ketjenlube 73 Trimellitate Ester 0,1 Max 50 8 - 50 (Apha)

< -45 270

Ketjenlube 75 Trimellitate Ester 0,1 Max 88.5 9 - 50 (Apha)

< -40 > 240

Ketjenlube 76 Trimellitate Ester 0,1 Max 45 7 117 50 (Apha)

< -40 > 241

* Saturated and unsaturated version available

POLYOL ESTERS - DIBASIC ACID ESTERS - COMPLEX ESTERS - TRIMELLITATE ESTERS

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Colour Acidity Value

Saponi-fication Value

Specific Gravity 20ºC

Viscosity at 40ºC

Pour Point

Hydroxyl value

Iodine value

Demulsiv-ity test

Others

Method of analysis

ASTM D974

ASTM D94

ASTM D1298

ASTM D445

ASTM D97

ASTM D1957

ASTM D5554

ASTM D1401

Units Gardner mgKOH/g mgKOH/g Kg/dm3 mm2/s ºC mgKOH/g gI2/100g Min-cc/cc/cc

Approved in Arese

Dapralube EO 2 max. 0.5 max. 140-146 0.860-0.870 8-9 <-30 3 max. 54-64

Dapralube TO 6 max. 2 max. 180-200 0.913-0.928 40-50 <-30 17 max. 77-87 30min 46/37/3

Armotan MRD 10 max. 7 max. 145-165 190-215

Dapralube TO (vegetable based)

6 max. 2 max. 180-200 0.913-0.928 40-50 <-30 8 max. 30min 46/37/3

Dapralube PET 6.5 max. 2 max. 183-193 0.876-0.924 58-65 <-19 10 max. 85-95

Dapralube GMO 6.5 max. 4 max. 155-175 90-100 10 max.

75-90 Glicerine 5% max. Moisture 1.5% max.

Dapralube IBS 1 max. 1 max. 165-175 0.804-0.853 4-10 <18 1 max.

Dapralube IPO 5 max. 0.2 max. 170-180 0.860-0.920 4-10 <-20 1 max. 76-88

Dapralube PGDO 5.5 max. 2 max. 175-190 0.860-0.920 15-22 <-15 84-92

Dapralube SMO 8 max 8 max. 145-160 380-400 193-210 65-75

Dapralube STO 8 max. 170-190 124-145 55-75 75-85

Dapralube GDO 5 max. 4 max 170-185 40-50 5 max 100-115 Glicerine 1,5% Mono-glycerides 15-20

Dapralube BS 1 max. 0.1 max. 165-175 0.804-0.853 5-9 <20 1 max. 1 max.

Dapralube PET (vegetable based)

6.5 max. 2 max. 183-193 0.876-0.924 58-65 <-19 10 max. 85-95

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Phosphites

Italmatch Chemicals is manufacturing a series of highly pure and phenol free Di-and Tri-substituted phosphites used mainly as chemical intermediates and finished additives in industrial lube oils and ATF fluids

Dapraphos

Furthermore Italmatch starting from Dialkyl Hydrogen Phosphites is available to further derivatize such additives. Do not hesitate to contact your Italmatch representative for a technical discussion should you see a possible opportunity in a joint development.

Di-Phosphites (Phosphorous acid, di-alkyl esters)

Tri-Phosphites (Phosphorous acid, tri-alkyl esters)

Typical P%DiMethyl Hydrogen Phosphite # DMHPDiButyl Hydrogen Phosphite Dapraphos DBHP 15.8Di-n-Octyl Hydrogen Phosphite Dapraphos P16 10.8Di-2-Ethylhexyl Hydrogen Phosphite # 10DiOleyl Hydrogen Phosphite Dapraphos DOHP 7.4DiLauryl Hydrogen Phosphite # 5.3

# Under Development

Typical P% Typical S%Tri-LaurylTriThiophosp hite Dapraphos TLTTP 4.4 15.2

Tri-Lauryl Phosphite Dapraphos TLP 5.2 -Tri-C12-C14 Phosphite Dapraphos P26 5.2 -Tri-C12-C14 Phosphite Dapraphos P50 5.2 -

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Poly isobutenyl succinic anhydrides are a basic building block for dispersants in lubricating oils or detergents in fuels. They are increasingly used in Metalworking fluids (soluble oils), where PIBSA’s can be used together with other co-emulsifiers as an economic alternative to sulfonates.

Italmatch Chemicals offers a PIBSA range of various molecular weights, chlorine free and low poly-dispersity index for improved emulsification properties.

PIBSA Derivatives

Italmatch Chemicals manufacture also ASA derivatives like DDSA, HDSA and iso ODSA.

Furthermore starting from PIBSA Italmatch is available to further derivatize succinic anhydrides to Succinimides, also on tolling arrangements, in order to produce dispersants, antifouling agents and fuel additives.

Succinic AnhydridesPoly Iso-Butenyl PIBSA

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES DAPRAL PA 450 DAPRAL PA 750 DAPRAL PA 1000Item Test-Method Typical ValuesAppearance Visual Clear Amber Liquid Clear Amber Liquid Clear Amber LiquidViscosity 100°C (mm2s)

ASTM D-445 70-75 400 540

Saponification Number

in-house 140 110 85-90

Acid Number in-house 80-85 70-75 55-60Sediments in-house < 0.05% < 0.05% < 0.05%Colour Gardner ASTM D-1544 15 MAX 10 10

Property Rating Best Emulsification Properties

Best Overall Properties

Best FoamingPower

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Friction Reduction Performance

Friction Pattern of an Engine Oil with and without Dapramid O

The Italmatch Chemicals product range comprises of various long chain fatty acid amides.These amides are used among others as additives in automotive lubricants.

Fatty Acid Amides

FATTY ACID AMIDE PRODUCT RANGETrade Name Chemical Description Appearance Area of UseDapramid O Oleylamide Pellets or Molten Liquid LubricantsDapramid HT Stearylamide Pellets GreasesDapramid E Erucamide Pellets Lubricants

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>> “Wear/lubricity/Extreme pressure properties are key to the Ketjenlube polymeric ester performance and this is where Italmatch has invested extensively to prove these very aspects when developing the polymeric esters and other allied products”

>> “Key to a successful gear oil and especially Wind Turbine Oil is the ability to meet Flender OEM foam and filtration tests”

>> “Italmatch has a very solid approach when working with its customers from concept to commercial delivery - from a well-equipped synthesis laboratory leading to a state of the art pilot plant prior to any large scale commercial production”

Applicative Laboratory New Products Development Work

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Notes

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Imprint

Published by:

ITALMATCH CHEMICALS GroupVia E. Vismara, 11420020 Arese (Milano), ITALY.Responsible: Dr. Norberto GattiVersion: October 2013

The information presented herein is true and accurate to the best of our knowledge, but without any guarantee unless explicitly given.

Since the conditions of use are beyond our control, we disclaim incurred in connection with the use of these product data or suggestions and accurate to the best.

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ltalmatch Chemicals Group

Headquarters & Sales Office:Via Pietro Chiesa 7/13 (8th floor)Torri Piane San Benigno16149 Genova – ITALYPhone: +39 010 642081Telefax: +39 010 4695296E-Mail: sales.dpt@italmatch.itWeb: www.italmatch.it

Arese Manufacturing Plant & Sales Office:via E.Vismara 11420020 Arese (MI) – ITALYPhone: +39 02 935251Telefax: +39 02 93525496E-Mail: sales.arese@italmatch.it

Spoleto Manufacturing Plant:Via S. Tommaso 1306049 Spoleto (PG) – ITALYPhone: +39 0743 20191Telefax: +39 0743 45841

Barcelona Office (ex Union Derivan, S.A.) Avda. Generalitat 175-179 08840 Viladecans Barcelona – EspañaPhone: +34 93 6373537 Telefax: +34 93 6591902 E-mail: sales@undesa.com

Zaragozza Manufacturing PlantPoligono Industrial El CampilloZuera

Italmatch Japan LtdBurex Kojimachi 5F, 3-5-2 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, JapanPhone:+81 13 52103811Mobile phone: +81 90 17390087Email: s.mori@italmatchgroup.com

Nantong Italmatch Chemicals co. LtdManufacturing Plant & Sales Office:Bihne Road, Rugao Port Economic Development ZoneNantong, Jiangsu Province, 226532, P.R. CHINAPhone: +86 513 87688318Telefax: +86 513 87586888E-Mail: a.vismara@italmatch.com.cn

Italmatch Chemicals Shanghai Sales Office:Rm 703, Pine City, 8 Dong’an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, P.R. CHINA Phone: +86 21 3469 1871Telefax: +86 21 3469 1872E-Mail: sam.wang@italmatch.it

Italmatch Singapore Pte Ltd1, Kim Seng Promenade#17-02 Great World City East TowerSingapore 237994Tel: + 65-62356483 Fax: +65-68364534E-mail: e.koay@italmatchgroup.com

Italmatch India Sales Office:No: 409,Paramount ResidencyNagaram, KeesaraHyderabad - 500083INDIAPhone: +91 40 65156999Mobile Phone: +9160019710E-Mail: r.munshi@italmatch.it

Italmatch USA Corporation21 East Front Street, Suite 500, Red Bank, NJ 07701 USA Phone: + 1 732 383 8309 Mobile phone: + 1 908 461 7960E-Mail: r.milke@italmatchgroup.com

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