Yasin vs Shariah Full Text

8/9/2019 Yasin vs Shariah Full Text

1/13

G.R. No. 94986 February 23, 1995

HATIMA C. YASIN, repree!"e# by $er A""or!ey%&!%Fa'", HA()I HASAN S.

C*NTI, petitioner,

vs.

TH* H+N+RA-* )(G* SHARI/A (ISTRICT C+RT THIR( SHARI/A )(ICIA-

(ISTRICT, 0aboa!a C&"y, respondent.

R E S O L U T I O N

I(IN, J.:

On May 5, 1990, Hatima . !asin "i#ed in t$e S$ari%a &istri't o(rt in )am*oan+a ity a

-etition to res(me t$e (se o" maiden name Sp. -ro'. No. 0/2. T$e petition reads3

1. T$at s$e is o" #e+a# a+e, a divor'ee, a M(s#in 4i#ipino and a resident o"

S(tervi##e, )am*oan+a ity, -$i#ippines, and is d(#y represented in t$is a't

*y $er e#der *rot$er and attorneyin"a't, H&6I HSN S. ENTI *y

virt(e o" an instr(ment o" a Spe'ia# -o7er o" ttorney, ori+ina# 'opy o"

7$i'$ is $ereto atta'$ed and mar8ed as nne $ereo":

;. T$at s$e 7as "ormer#y married to a 'ertain Had?, t$ey 7ere +ranted a de'ree o" divor'e *y t$e Mindanao

Is#ami' enter 4o(ndation, In'., in a''ordan'e 7it$ Is#ami' La7, t$e

divor'e rites 7as o""i'iated *y Ustad@ S$ari" 6ain 6a#i as eviden'ed *y $is

erti"i'ation, dated mar'$ 1, 19>?, 'opy o" 7$i'$ is $ereto atta'$ed as

nne = to "orm an inte+ra# part $ereo":

. T$at, t$erea"ter t$e "ormer $(s*and Had


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AHERE4ORE, petitioner is $ere*y ordered to e""e't t$e ne'essary

amendment o" t$e petition 7it$in one 12 7ee8 "rom re'eipt $ereo" so as to

re"#e't t$e "orma# reF(irements adverted to. Rollo, p. 92

Hatima "i#ed a motion "or re'onsideration o" t$e a"oresaid order a##e+in+ t$at t$e petition

"i#ed is not 'overed *y R(#e 10 o" t$e R(#es o" o(rt *(t is mere#y a petition to res(me

t$e (se o" $er maiden name and s(rname a"ter t$e disso#(tion o" $er marria+e *y

divor'e (nder t$e ode o" M(s#im -ersona# La7s o" t$e -$i#ippines -.&. No. 10>2,

and a"ter marria+e o" $er "ormer $(s*and to anot$er 7oman.

T$e motion 7as denied *y t$e respondent 'o(rt in an order dated (+(st 10, 1990, on

t$e +ro(nd t$at t$e petition is s(*stantia##y "or '$an+e o" name and t$at 'omp#ian'e 7it$

t$e provisions o" R(#e 10, R(#es o" o(rt on '$an+e o" name is ne'essary i" t$e

petition is to *e +ranted as it 7o(#d res(#t in t$e res(mption o" t$e (se o" petitioner%s

maiden name and s(rname.

Hen'e, t$is petition a##e+in+ t$at respondent 'o(rt erred in app#yin+ R(#e 10 o" t$e

R(#es o" o(rt to t$e instant 'ase.

In $is omment dated 6(ne 1?, 1991, t$e respondent 'o(rt, amon+ ot$ers, 'ontends3

5. . . . R2espondent 'o(rt is o" t$e $onest opinion t$at t$e said petition is

s(*stantia##y one "or '$an+e o" name, parti'(#ar#y o" s(rname G Hatima

. !asin to Hatima enti y Sa(#, t$e #atter *ein+ $er maiden name and

s(rname. Her reasons3 T$e 12 disso#(tion o" $er marria+e, and ;2 $er

#e+a# ri+$t to res(me t$e (se o" $er maiden name and s(rname. In e""e't,

i" petition is +ranted, it 7i## res(#t in t$e res(mption o" t$e (se o"$er surname.

Moreover, t$e (se o" s(rnames is +overned *y #a7 rts. /?>0, Tit#e

III, Ne7 ivi# ode2. T$is is t$e s(*stantive reF(irements. nd as to

pro'ed(ra# reF(irements, no person 'an '$an+e $is name

or surname 7it$o(tjudicial authority

rt. B/, ivi# ode o" t$e

-$i#ippines2 Emp$asis s(pp#ied2. $an+e o" name (nder t$ Ed., 19B>, pp. B9B?02. Rollo, pp. ?/?B2

T$e *asi' iss(e to *e reso#ved is3 7$et$er or not in t$e 'ase o" ann(#ment o" marria+e,

or divor'e (nder t$e ode o" M(s#im -ersona# La7s o" t$e -$i#ippines, and t$e $(s*and

is married a+ain to anot$er 7oman and t$e "ormer desires to res(me $er maiden name

or s(rname, is s$e reF(ired to "i#e a petition "or '$an+e o" name and 'omp#y 7it$ t$e

"orma# reF(irements o" R(#e 10 o" t$e R(#es o" o(rt.

Stated ot$er7ise, t$e iss(e is3 7$et$er or not a petition "or res(mption o" maiden name

and s(rname is a#so a petition "or '$an+e o" name.


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T$e o(rt r(#es in t$e ne+ative.

T$e tr(e and rea# name o" a person is t$at +iven to $im and entered in t$e 'ivi# re+ister

$omi v. Lo'a# ivi# Re+ister o" Mani#a, 99 -$i#. 100? C195/D: N+ !ao Sion+ v. Rep(*#i',

1/ SR ?> C19//D: Rendora v. Rep(*#i', 5 SR ;/; C19B0D: -a*e##ar v. Rep(*#i',

B0 SR 1/ C19B/D2.

A$i#e it is tr(e t$at (nder rti'#e B/ o" t$e ivi# ode, no person 'an '$an+e $is name

or s(rname 7it$o(t C19//D2, $e#d3

In a pro'eedin+ "or a '$an+e o" name t$e "o##o7in+ F(estion may 'rop (p3

A$at is t$e name to *e '$an+edJ =y rti'#e ?0> o" t$e ivi# ode a

person%s *irt$ m(st *e entered in t$e 'ivi# re+ister. So it is, t$at t$e 'ivi#

re+ister re'ords $is name. T$at name in t$e 'ivi# re+ister, "or #e+a#

p(rposes, is $is rea# name. nd 'orre't#y so, *e'a(se t$e 'ivi# re+ister is

an o""i'ia# re'ord o" t$e 'ivi# stat(s o" persons. name +iven to a person in

t$e '$(r'$ re'ord or e#se7$ere or *y 7$i'$ $e is 8no7n in t$e 'omm(nity

G 7$en at varian'e 7it$ t$at entered in t$e 'ivi# re+ister G is (no""i'ia#

and 'annot *e re'o+ni@ed as $is rea# name.

Ae t$ere"ore r(#e t$at "or t$e p(rposes o" an app#i'ation "or '$an+e o"

name (nder rti'#e B/ o" t$e ivi# ode, t$e on#y name t$at may *e

'$an+ed is t$e tr(e or o""i'ia# name re'orded in t$e 'ivi# re+ister.

-etitioner%s re+istered name is Hatima enti !. Sa(#. In t$e instant petition, petitionerdoes not see8 to '$an+e $er re+istered maiden name *(t, instead, prays t$at s$e *e

a##o7ed to res(me t$e (se o" $er maiden name in vie7 o" t$e disso#(tion o" $er

marria+e to Had


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T$e divor'e *e'omes irrevo'a*#e a"ter o*servan'e o" a period o" 7aitin+ 'a##ed idda

rt. 5/, -& 10>/2 t$e d(ration o" 7$i'$ is mont$#y 'o(rses a"ter termination o" t$e

marria+e *y divor'e rt. 5BC*D, -& 10>2. Under rti'#e 1>B, -& 10>, t$e ivi# ode o"

t$e -$i#ippines, t$e R(#es o" o(rt and ot$er eistin+ #a7s, inso"ar as t$ey are not

in'onsistent 7it$ t$e provisions o" t$is ode t$e ode o" M(s#im -ersona# La7s2, s$a##

*e app#ied s(pp#etori#y.

Even (nder t$e ivi# ode, t$e (se o" t$e $(s*and%s s(rname d(rin+ t$e marria+e rt.

B0, ivi# ode2, a"ter ann(#ment o" t$e marria+e rt. B1, ivi# ode2 and a"ter t$e

deat$ o" t$e $(s*and rt. B, ivi# ode2 is permissive and not o*#i+atory e'ept in

'ase o" #e+a# separation rt. B;, ivi# ode2. T$(s, rti'#es B0 and B1 o" t$e ivi#

ode provides3

rt. B0. married 7oman may (se3

12 Her maiden "irst name and s(rname and add $er $(s*and%s s(rname,

or

;2 Her maiden "irst name and $er $(s*and%s s(rname, or

2 Her $(s*and%s "(## name, *(t pre"iin+ a 7ord indi'atin+ t$at s$e is $is

7i"e, s('$ as Mrs.

rt. B1. In 'ase o" ann(#ment o" marria+e, and t$e 7i"e is t$e +(i#ty party,

s$e s$a## res(me $er maiden name and s(rname. I" s$e is t$e inno'ent

spo(se, s$e may res(me $er maiden name and s(rname. Ho7ever, s$e

may '$oose to 'ontin(e emp#oyin+ $er "ormer $(s*and%s s(rname, (n#ess3

12 T$e 'o(rt de'rees ot$er7ise, or

;2 S$e or t$e "ormer $(s*and is married a+ain to anot$er person.

''ordin+ to To#entino3

. . . Under t$e present arti'#e o" o(r ode, $o7ever, t$e 7ord may is

(sed, indi'atin+ t$at t$e (se o" t$e $(s*and%s s(rname *y t$e 7i"e is

permissive rat$er t$an o*#i+atory. Ae $ave no #a7 7$i'$ provides t$at t$e

7i"e s$a## '$an+e $er name to t$at o" t$e $(s*and (pon marria+e. T$is is

in 'onsonan'e 7it$ t$e prin'ip#e t$at s(rnames indi'ate des'ent. It seems,

t$ere"ore, t$at a married 7oman may (se on#y $er maiden name and

s(rname. S$e $as an option, *(t not a d(ty, to (se t$e s(rname o" t$e

$(s*and in any o" t$e 7ays provided *y t$is rti'#e. To#entino, ivi# ode

o" t$e -$i#ippines, o#. I, p. B;?, 19> ed.2

A$en a 7oman marries a man, s$e need not app#y andKor see8


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In vie7 o" t$e "ore+oin+ 'onsiderations, Ae "ind t$e petition to res(me t$e (se o"

maiden name "i#ed *y petitioner *e"ore t$e respondent 'o(rt a s(per"#(ity and

(nne'essary pro'eedin+ sin'e t$e #a7 reF(ires $er to do so as $er "ormer $(s*and is

a#ready married to anot$er 7oman a"ter o*tainin+ a de'ree o" divor'e "rom $er in

a''ordan'e 7it$ M(s#im #a7s.

#t$o(+$ t$ere is no #e+a# pro$i*ition a+ainst o*tainin+ a C19>;D3 (is(m*in+ v. , 1;0 SR B0 C19>D2.

AHERE4ORE, t$e petition is RNTE& and t$e orders o" respondent 'o(rt dated 6(#y

?, 1990 and (+(st 10, 1990 are $ere*y SET SI&E. -etitioner is a(t$ori@ed to res(me

$er maiden name and s(rname.

SO OR&ERE&.

Narvasa, !"!, #eliciano, $adilla, Regalado, Davide, "r!, %ellosillo, &elo, 'uiason,

$uno, (apunan, &endo)a, and #rancisco, ""!, concur!


6/13

Separa"e +p&!&o!

R+M*R+, J., 'on'(rrin+3

4rom *irt$, a person%s identity is esta*#is$ed *y $is name. #t$o(+$ o"tener (sed *y

ot$ers in addressin+ $im, $e identi"ies $imse#" 7it$ t$is name, s('$ t$at in $is mind, $e

not on#y has a name *(t $e is t$at name.

T$(s, to set $im apart "rom t$e rest o" man8ind, $e ma8es 'ertain t$at peop#e 8no7 $im

*y t$e name $is parents $ave +iven $im "rom *irt$. Re'o+ni@in+ t$e imp#i'ations o"

'on"(sed identities, t$e #a7 reF(ires t$e re+istration o" a ne7#y*orn in"ant%s name a#on+

7it$ t$e "a't o" *irt$ re"#e'tive o" $is 'ivi# stat(s. s a *ad+e o" identity, one%s name is

prote'ted *y #a7 "rom (s(rpation1or (na(t$ori@ed or (n#a7"(# (se *y ot$ers. 2Not on#y

t$is, a person is pro$i*ited *y #a7 "rom (sin+ di""erent names and s(rnames. 3n a#ias

or ass(med name may *e (sed "or *(siness p(rposes provided t$is is d(#y

re+istered. 4In t$e event t$at one emp#oys pen names or sta+e names, t$is m(st *e

done in +ood "ait$ and t$ere s$o(#d *e no in


7/13

A$at%s in a nameJ

rose *y any ot$er name sme##s as s7eet.

So "ra(+$t 7it$ 'omp#i'ations is t$e (se o" an individ(a# o" anot$er name t$at, in 'ase

$e de'ides to '$an+e it, t$e #a7 reF(ires $im to see8


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+ranted to t$em, s('$ as t$e ri+$t to enter into 'ontra'ts 7$i'$ s$a## in every respe't

*e eF(a# to t$at o" men (nder simi#ar 'ir'(mstan'e,eF(a# mem*ers$ip in

'#(*s,8admission to mi#itary s'$oo#s,9vo#(ntary -I=I, SIS and SSS

overa+e 1and ot$ers.

No7 t$at doors $it$erto '#osed to t$em $ave *een "#(n+ open 7it$ t$e appro*ation and

a'tive 'o##a*oration o" men, s$o(#d 7e re"(se to re'o+ni@e t$eir ri+$t to t$e 'ontin(ed

(sed o" t$eir maiden2 name and s(rname even a"ter marria+e, 7it$o(t do(*t a

'omparative#y minor 'on'essionJ Ot$er t$an t$e *r(isin+ o" t$e ma#e e+o, t$ere 'an

$ard#y *e any #e+a# in


9/13

Interestin+#y, in one o" t$e de#i*erations o" t$e ivi# ode Revision

ommittee at t$e U.-. La7 enter parti'ipated in *y 6(sti'e 6ose =.L.

Reyes, 6(sti'e Ri'ardo . -(no, 6(sti'e Ed(ardo a+(ioa, 6(sti'e #i'ia

Sempio&iy, tty. O"e#ia a#'etesSantos, &ean 4ort(nato (pit and &ean

6ose . it(+2, a proposa# to a##o7 a married 7oman to (se $er maiden

name and s(rname a"ter notin+ t$e provision o" Se'. 1?, rti'#e II, o" t$e

onstit(tion 7$i'$ epresses t$e "(ndamenta# eF(a#ity *e"ore t$e #a7 o"

7omen and men2 7as t(rned do7n *y t$e ommittee.

;2 In 'ase o" legal separation, t$e 7i"e m(st 'ontin(e (sin+ $er name and

s(rname emp#oyed *e"ore t$e de'ree o" #e+a# separation rt. B;, ivi#

ode2, i

.e., s$e may not at 7i## revert to $er maiden name and s(rname

Lapera# vs. Rep(*#i', / SR 5B2.

=. +n the event of annulment of marriageG

12 I" t$e 7i"e is ad


10/13

R+M*R+, J., 'on'(rrin+3

4rom *irt$, a person%s identity is esta*#is$ed *y $is name. #t$o(+$ o"tener (sed *y

ot$ers in addressin+ $im, $e identi"ies $imse#" 7it$ t$is name, s('$ t$at in $is mind, $e

not on#y has a name *(t $e is t$at name.

T$(s, to set $im apart "rom t$e rest o" man8ind, $e ma8es 'ertain t$at peop#e 8no7 $im

*y t$e name $is parents $ave +iven $im "rom *irt$. Re'o+ni@in+ t$e imp#i'ations o"

'on"(sed identities, t$e #a7 reF(ires t$e re+istration o" a ne7#y*orn in"ant%s name a#on+

7it$ t$e "a't o" *irt$ re"#e'tive o" $is 'ivi# stat(s. s a *ad+e o" identity, one%s name is

prote'ted *y #a7 "rom (s(rpation1or (na(t$ori@ed or (n#a7"(# (se *y ot$ers. 2Not on#y

t$is, a person is pro$i*ited *y #a7 "rom (sin+ di""erent names and s(rnames. 3n a#ias

or ass(med name may *e (sed "or *(siness p(rposes provided t$is is d(#y

re+istered. 4In t$e event t$at one emp#oys pen names or sta+e names, t$is m(st *e

done in +ood "ait$ and t$ere s$o(#d *e no in


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same even as s$e (ses $er $(s*and%s "ami#y name d(rin+ matrimony, as #on+ as t$ere

is dis'#os(re and no "ra(d(#ent intent.

In re'o+nition o" t$e in'reasin+ '#amor o" 7omen 7or#d7ide "or eF(a#ity, t$e 19>B

onstit(tion #aid do7n t$e *asi' po#i'y 7it$ respe't to t$e standin+ o" 7omen and men

in t$e eyes o" t$e #a7, t$(s3

Se'. 1?. T$e State re'o+ni@es t$e ro#e o" 7omen in nation*(i#din+, and

s$a## ens(re t$e "(ndamenta# eF(a#ity *e"ore t$e #a7 o" 7omen and men.

I" it means anyt$in+ at a##, it si+ni"ies t$at 7omen, no #ess t$an men, s$a## en


12/13

T$e a''epted r(#e is t$at a person may on#y (se $is o7n name and s(rname. One

e'eption invo#ves a married 7oman. A$en a 7oman marries, t$e #a7, or 7$at I *e#ieve

to *e its intendment, 7o(#d appear to mandate, in *rie" o(t#ine, t$(s#y G

. During the e*istence of the marriage, s$e may '$oose to (se any o" t$e

"o##o7in+ names3

12 Her maiden "irst name and s(rname and add $er $(s*and%s s(rname,

or

;2 Her maiden "irst name and $(s*and%s s(rname, or

2 Her $(s*and%s "(## name *(t m(st pre"i a 7ord to indi'ate t$at s$e is

$is 7i"e rt. B0, ivi# ode2.

Notes3

12 It is mandatory t$at t$e $(s*and%s s(rname s$o(#d, in any o" t$e a*ove

options, *e some$o7 (sed.

Interestin+#y, in one o" t$e de#i*erations o" t$e ivi# ode Revision

ommittee at t$e U.-. La7 enter parti'ipated in *y 6(sti'e 6ose =.L.

Reyes, 6(sti'e Ri'ardo . -(no, 6(sti'e Ed(ardo a+(ioa, 6(sti'e #i'ia

Sempio&iy, tty. O"e#ia a#'etesSantos, &ean 4ort(nato (pit and &ean

6ose . it(+2, a proposa# to a##o7 a married 7oman to (se $er maiden

name and s(rname a"ter notin+ t$e provision o" Se'. 1?, rti'#e II, o" t$e

onstit(tion 7$i'$ epresses t$e "(ndamenta# eF(a#ity *e"ore t$e #a7 o"

7omen and men2 7as t(rned do7n *y t$e ommittee.

;2 In 'ase o" legal separation, t$e 7i"e m(st 'ontin(e (sin+ $er name and

s(rname emp#oyed *e"ore t$e de'ree o" #e+a# separation rt. B;, ivi#

ode2, i

.e., s$e may not at 7i## revert to $er maiden name and s(rname

Lapera# vs. Rep(*#i', / SR 5B2.

=. +n the event of annulment of marriageG

12 I" t$e 7i"e is ad


13/13

T$e r(#e $as *een $e#d to *e a8in to Item deat$ o" $(s*and2, i

.e., s$e

may (se $er $(s*and%s s(rname To#entino vs. o(rt o" ppea#s, 1/;

SR //2 or res(me $er maiden name and s(rname +enera# r(#e2.

Note3 It 7o(#d seem pre"era*#e to $ave t$is sit(ation +overned instead *y

t$e r(#es on ann(#ment 7$ere 7e 7o(#d distin+(is$ *et7een a 'ase 7$ere

t$e 7i"e +ives 'a(se "or divor'e ann(#ment2 and t$e instan'e 7$en s$e is

t$e inno'ent party.

E. +n case of declaration of nullity of marriage G No marria+e $avin+, or

*ein+ deemed to $ave, te'$ni'a##y eisted, t$e +enera# r(#e, i

.e., t$at s$e

may on#y (se $eron name and s(rname, s$o(#d app#y, *(t i" s$e $as, in

"a't, t$ereto"ore (sed t$e $(s*and%s s(rname, s$e o*vio(s#y s$o(#d 'ease

"rom s('$ (se (pon t$e "ina#ity o" t$e de'ree o" n(##ity.

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Yasin vs Shariah Full Text

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