Xtreme Educationalist Final Project

7/23/2019 Xtreme Educationalist Final Project

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/xtreme-educationalist-final-project 1/37

Running head: FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL 1

DESIGNING INSTRUCTION USING THE XTREME EDUCATION CYCLICAL MODEL OF

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

RiaMa!ia Na!"i#$ Ra"he%e &ag#'a((e$ Y)%ande Sa*ue%#$ Lee#ha R)+e!'#

Uni,e!#i'- )( 'he &e#' Indie# O.en Ca*.u#

C)u!#e: EDID/01: Lea!ning The)!- and In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign

C)u!#e C))!dina')!: D!2 L2 G!a-



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL3

C)n'en'#

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DESIGNING INSTRUCTION USING THE XTREME EDUCATION CYCLICAL

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Y)%ande Sa*ue%#: C)edu"a'i)na% .!i,a'e R)*an Ca'h)%i" .!i*a!- #"h))%2222222222222229

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FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL=

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A+#'!a"'

Tea"he!# need a "%ea! and #-#'e*a'i" <a- ') a##i#' 'he* <hen 'he- a!e de#igning in#'!u"'i)n2

Thi# .a.e! de#"!i+e# 'he "!ea'i)n )( a ne< in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign *)de% u#ing ()u! indi,idua%

*)de%# (!)* ()u! #e.a!a'e <)!7 en,i!)n*en'#2 The na*e )( 'he ne< In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign M)de%

i#: X'!e*e Edu"a'i)n C-"%i"a% M)de% )( In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign: E,a%ua'e? C!i'i"a%%- Thin7?

In'eg!a'e? De,e%).? Re(%e"' @ Re,i#e2 The *)de% i# 'a!ge'ed ') 'he 31#' "en'u!- %ea!ne! and i#

()"u#ed )n en#u!ing 'he in#'!u"'i)n i# #'uden' "en'e!ed +- a%igning ,a!i)u# #'uden' "en'e!ed

#'!a'egie# 'ea"he!# "an u'i%ie a# 'he- "!ea'e in#'!u"'i)n u#ing 'he *)de%2

Keywords: In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign? In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign M)de%? Tea"hing? Lea!ning? ICT

In'eg!a'ed In#'!u"'i)na% M)de%




DESIGNING INSTRUCTION USING THE XTREME EDUCATION CYCLICAL

MODEL OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

R)+-%e! B310 .!).)#e# 'ha' <hen +eginning ') de#ign an in#'!u"'i)na% .!)"e##? 'he!e

*u#' +e #)*e e##en'ia% "ha!a"'e!i#'i"# <i'hin 'he de#ign .!)"e## ') *ee' ')da-5# in#'!u"'i)na%

de#ign6de,e%).*en'#2 The#e "ha!a"'e!i#'i"# in"%ude ()"u#ing )n #)%,ing a .!)+%e*$ 'he de#ign

*)de% *u#' +e an )!de!ed +u' (%ei+%e a"'i,i'-$ i' #h)u%d in")!.)!a'e !e#ea!"hed +a#ed )n

e((e"'i,e 'ea"hing and %ea!ning ")*.)nen'#$ i' #h)u%d +e a+%e ') ")n(i!* 'ha' 'he in#'!u"'i)na%

#-#'e* <)!7#$ and .!),ide a##i#'an"e in u#ing ne< 'e"hn)%)gie# ()! %ea!ning2 Thi# .!)e"' i#

.!).)#ing an in#'!u"'i)na% *)de% ') +e u#ed <i'hin 'he ")n'e' )( 'he .!i*a!- #"h))% +- 'ea"he!#

"!ea'ing in#'!u"'i)n ()! 31#' "en'u!- %ea!ne!#2

Instructional Environmnt

Thi# #e"'i)n de#"!i+e# ea"h 'ea* *e*+e!5# in#'!u"'i)na%6<)!7 en,i!)n*en' a# )u'%ined in

a .!e,i)u# a##ign*en' Bi2e2 A##ign*en' =2 The de#"!i.'i)n# <i%% +e #'a'ed in 'he ()%%)<ing )!de!:

RiaMa!ia Na!"i#: 8)-# R)*an Ca'h)%i" .!i*a!- #"h))%$ Y)%ande Sa*ue%#: C)edu"a'i)na%

.!i,a'e R)*an Ca'h)%i" .!i*a!- #"h))%$ Ra"he%e &ag#'a((e: C)edu"a'i)na% G),e!n*en'

.!i*a!- #"h))% and Lee#ha R)+e!'#: C)edu"a'i)na% G),e!n*en' .!i*a!- #"h))%2

Dscri!tions o" ac# Tam Mm$r%s Instructional&'or( Environmnt

Ria)Maria Narcis* +o,s Roman Cat#olic !rimar, sc#ool*

Summary of Work Environment

The en,i!)n*en' RiaMa!ia <)!7ed in <a# a den)*ina'i)na% .!i*a!- #"h))% ()! +)-#?

%)"a'ed in 'he "a.i'a% )( T!inidad? P)!')( S.ain2 The #"h))%5# .).u%a'i)n <a# a..!)i*a'e%- ()u!

hund!ed and (i('- #'uden'# !anging (!)* In(an' One B(i,e -ea! )%d# ') S'anda!d Fi,e B'<e%,e ')

'hi!'een -ea! )%d#2 The #"h))% <a# )u'(i''ed <i'h a ")*.u'e! %a+ and %i+!a!- <hi"h <a#



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL/

a""e##i+%e )n a #"hedu%ed +a#i#2 S'uden'# !e"ei,e dai%- +!ea7(a#' and %un"he# (!ee )( "ha!ge

.!),ided +- 'he #'a'e ') en#u!e #'uden'# <e!e !ead- ()! 'he 'ea"hing%ea!ning .!)"e##2 The #"h))%

ha# a P!in"i.a% and a i"eP!in"i.a% a# #u..)!' #'a((? a%)ng <i'h ()u!'een a##igned 'ea"he!#? a

#"h))% ")un#e%%)! a##igned ') )u! #"h))% di#'!i"' <h) ,i#i'# +i<ee7%-? )ne #"h))% ad*ini#'!a')!?

'h!ee ani')!# and 'h!ee '<en'-()u! h)u! #e"u!i'- gua!d# <h) ).e!a'e )n a #hi(' #-#'e*2 The

#"h))% d)e# n)' ha,e an a##igned !e"!ea'i)na% (a"i%i'-? +u' #'uden'# u#e 'he #*a%% ")u!'-a!d a!ea#

') .%a- ga*e# and !e%a du!ing !e"e## and %un"h +!ea7#2 Thi# ")u!'-a!d a%#) d)u+%e# a# a "a! .a!7

()! 'ea"hing and an"i%%a!- #'a((2 The #"h))% i# )u'(i''ed <i'h #u((i"ien' ')i%e' and +a'h!))*

(a"i%i'ie# ()! #'uden'# and #'a(( and a #i"7+a-6!e")!d# !))* %)"a'ed ada"en' ') 'he ad*ini#'!a'i,e

)((i"e2 The #'a(( ha# a de#igna'ed a!ea ()! .e!#)na% u#e )n 'he (i!#' (%))! )( 'he +ui%ding$ i' i# )((

%i*i'# ') #'uden'#2

RiaMa!ia <a# 'he "%a## 'ea"he! ()! '<en'-eigh' +)-# +e'<een 'he age# )( 'en ') 'hi!'een

-ea!# )%d2 Ou! "%a##!))* <a# %)"a'ed )n 'he #e")nd (%))! )( a '<) #')!- +ui%ding2 I' <a# n)' a

%a!ge <)!7ing #.a"e? +u' i' <a# <e%% %i' and <e%% ,en'i%a'ed <i'h )ne en'!an"e6ei'2 S'uden'# <e!e

)u'(i''ed <i'h indi,idua% #ea'ing? +u' )!ganied in !)<ed .ai!#2 The!e <e!e '<) <!i'ing +)a!d# in

'he "%a##!))* and 'he <a%%# )( 'he "%a##!))* <e!e di,ided in') "a'eg)!ie# +a#ed )n #u+e"'

di#"i.%ine#: Ma'he*a'i"#? S"ien"e? A!' @ C!a('#? S)"ia%S'udie# and Language A!'#2 In#'!u"'i)n i#

u#ua%%- d)ne in a di!e"'ed *anne! <i'h #*a%% ,a!ia'i)n# )( .!)e"' <)!7 and g!)u. <)!72 The#e

a!ea# <e!e u.da'ed +a#ed )n 'he *)#' !e"en' ').i" +eing "),e!ed du!ing <ee7%- %e##)n#2

S'uden'# a!e 'a7en ') a nea!+- .u+%i" .a!7 ()! Ph-#i"a% Edu"a'i)n a"'i,i'ie# )! 'he ()-e! i# u#ed i(

'he a"'i,i'- .e!*i'#2




Yolan- Samuls* Co)-ucational !rivat Roman Cat#olic !rimar, sc#ool

Summary of Workplace Environment

S'2 Ce"i%ia5# Ca'h)%i" S"h))% P!i*a!- S"h))% i# a #i'- B/ -ea! )%d in#'i'u'i)n 'ha' (a%%#

unde! 'he +anne! )( #"h))%# !an +- 'he 8aha*a# Ca'h)%i" 8)a!d )( Edu"a'i)n2 S'2 Ce"i%ia5# "a'e!#

') #'uden'# (!)* inde!ga!'en ') G!ade / <i'h '<) "%a##e# .e! g!ade %e,e%2 The!e a!e "u!!en'%-

'<en'- '<) 'ea"he!#? )ne guidan"e ")un#e%)!? '<) ad*ini#'!a')!# B.!in"i.a% and ,i"e .!in"i.a%?

and ()u! ani')!ia% .e!#)nne% )n #'a((2 The #"h))% i# %)"a'ed in 'he hea!' )( 'he inne! "i'- in Ne<

P!),iden"e2 Thi# a!ea ha# i'# #ha!e )( "ha%%enge# and i# #)*e<ha' ")n#ide!ed a Ghe'')2 S'2

Ce"i%ia5# ha# +een du++ed? The Je<e% )( 'he G!),e2

The #"h))%5# +!)"hu!e #'a'e#? &e <)!7 ') "a.'i,a'e and in#.i!e )u! #'uden'#? ') en#u!e

'ha' 'he- de,e%). a"ade*i"a%%-? .h-#i"a%%-? #)"ia%%- and #.i!i'ua%%-2 Ou! g)a% i# ') .!)du"e high%-

*)'i,a'ed? <e%% !)unded .!)du"' "i'ien#? <h) <i%% ")n'!i+u'e *eaning(u%%- ') 'he inde%i+%e

(a+!i" )( )u! ")un'!-2 &e ai* ') '!an#()!* )u! #'uden'# in') "!i'i"a% 'hin7e!# +- e.)#ing 'he* ')

in'e!a"'i,e %e##)n# 'ha' inn),a'i,e? and .!)*)'e .!)g!e##i,e %ea!ning e.e!ien"e# 'h!)ugh

,a!i)u# *e'h)d# )( 'ea"hing2

The 'ea"he!# )( 'hi# in#'i'u'i)n hai% (!)* di((e!en' "u%'u!a% +a"7g!)und# <i'h *a)!i'- )(

'he #'a(( +eing 8aha*ian2 S'2 Ce"i%ia5# ha# #een a !e"en' #hi(' in ad*ini#'!a'i)n? 'he "u!!en'

.!in"i.a% <a# ")**i##i)ned 'he!e a# )( Augu#' 3102 C%a## #ie# !ange (!)* '<en'- '<) ') 'hi!'-

#'uden'# <i'h '<) "%a##e# a' ea"h g!ade %e,e% (!)* inde!ga!'en ') G!ade #i2 The!e i# )ne

C)*.u'e! La+ <i'h '<en'- <)!7ing ")*.u'e!# 'ha' a!e ")nne"'ed ') 'he in'e!ne'2 A .a##<)!d

.!)'e"'ed <i!e%e## ne'<)!7 i# a,ai%a+%e )n "a*.u# ()! 'ea"he!# u#e? .!)(i%e# a!e a%#) #e' u. ()!

.a!en'# and #'uden'# +u' 'he .a##<)!d# a!e "u!!en'%- una,ai%a+%e2 The!e a!e ()u! B4 %a.').#

a,ai%a+%e ()! 'ea"he!# ') u#e a%)ng <i'h )ne .!)e"')! and 'h!ee .!)*e'hean +)a!d#2



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL>

The #"h))% da- +egin# a' >:= a* and g)e# un'i% =: .* dai%-2 The!e i# a('e!#"h))% "%u+#

#"hedu%ed dai%-? 'ha' "a'e!# ') #'uden'#5 ,a!i)u# in'e!e#'2 The#e "%u+# in"%ude The C))7ing C%u+?

The S.e%%ing C%u+? 8!)<nie#? id#? Inn),a'i,e S"ien"e? Di#"),e!- C%u+ BEn,i!)n*en'a%

C%u+? Hand<!i'ing C%u+? Dan"e C%u+ and The Reading C%u+2 S'uden'# #.end *a)!i'- )( 'hei!

da- <i'h 'hei! h)*e!))* 'ea"he!# and ha,e ,a!i)u# #.e"ia% a!ea #u+e"'# BPh-#i"a% edu"a'i)n?

A!'? Mu#i"? In()!*a'i)n Te"hn)%)g-? S.ani#h and Re%igi)n a' %ea#' )n"e .e! <ee72

S'uden'# a' 'he G!ade# 'h!ee and #i %e,e% a!e !eui!ed ') 'a7e The G),e!n*en' *anda'ed

G!ade Le,e% A"hie,e*en' Te#' BGLAT a' 'he end )( 'hei! !e#.e"'i,e g!ade %e,e%#2 The G!ade

Th!ee ea*ina'i)n ()"u#e# )n Language A!'# BC!ea'i,e &!i'ing? Li#'ening C)*.!ehen#i)n?

Language S7i%%# and Reading C)*.!ehen#i)n and Ma'he*a'i"# BC)n"e.'# )( Nu*+e!#?

C)*.u'a'i)n and A..%i"a'i)n2 G!ade Si GLAT ea*ina'i)n# "),e! 'he #u+e"'# )( S"ien"e?

S)"ia% S'udie#? Ma'he*a'i"# and Language A!'#2 A# 'he GLAT ea*ina'i)n i# a Na'i)na%

Ea*ina'i)n 'he #"!i.'# a!e *a!7ed e'e!na%%- and 'he !e#u%'# !e'u!ned ') 'he #"h))%2

Tea"he!# a!e !eui!ed ') <)!7 <i'h 'hei! ")un'e!.a!'# <i'hin 'he #"h))% #-#'e* and a!e

e.e"'ed ') .!)du"e #"he*e# )( <)!7? <!i'e ea*ina'i)n# ')ge'he! ()! +)'h #e*e#'e!# a# <e%% a#

.!e.a!e Unde!#'anding +- De#ign BU8D Uni'# #e,e!a% 'i*e# .e! -ea!2 In a%% h)ne#'- 'he U8D#

a!e <!i''en +u' 'he- a!e !a!e%- u'i%ied +- "%a##!))* 'ea"he!# a# *)#' .e!#)n# a!e #'i%% #'!ugg%ing

<i'h <!i'ing 'hei! )<n U8D#2 The!e i# a%#) a 'e"hn)%)g- .h)+ia a*)ng )%de! *e*+e!# )( #'a((

a# 'he- a!e un#u!e )( h)< ') i*.%e*en' 'e"hn)%)g- in') 'hei! e,e!-da- "%a##!))* #e''ing2

Tea"he!# a!e !eui!ed ') in.u' 'hei! g!ade# )n%ine ? #u+*i' '-.ed %e##)n .%an# and a%#) e*ai%

di((e!en' d)"u*en'a'i)n ') 'he Cu!!i"u%u* O((i"e! B<h) %i,e# )n a di((e!en' i#%and (!)* 'i*e ')

'i*e2



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL;

Rac#l 'a.sta""* Co)-ucational mi/- Govrnmnt !rimar, sc#ool


One )( 'he *)#' i*.)!'an' 'hing# a #"h))% "an .!),ide ()! i'# #'uden'# i# a !i"h %ea!ning

en,i!)n*en' 'ha' i# ).en? !e#.e"'(u%? #a(e and "a!ing2 Thi# i# !e(%e"'ed a' 'he Re,i,a% P!i*a!-

S"h))% en,i!)n*en' <hi"h i# an e"i'ing? #'i*u%a'ing and <e%")*ing .%a"e2 A' .!e#en' 'he

#"h))% ha# an a"")**)da'i)n )( 30 #'uden'# BG!ade# )ne ') #i? 1/ +)-# and 119 gi!%#2 The

#"h))% .!),ide# an a%% !)unded e.e!ien"e ()! #'uden'#2 I' d)e# n)' )n%- "a'e! ') 'he a"ade*i"

de,e%).*en' +u' i' en#u!e# 'ha' 'he #)"ia%? "u%'u!a% and #.i!i'ua% de,e%).*en'# a!e enhan"ed2 The

#"h))% he%.# #'uden'# ') (ind 'hei! <a-? unde!#'and 'he*#e%,e#? and a..!e"ia'e 'hei! di#'in"'i,e

'a%en'# and in#igh'# and ') (ind 'hei! uniue .%a"e in #)"ie'-2

Tea"he!# 'a7e .!ide in 'he .h-#i"a% en,i!)n*en' )( 'hei! "%a##!))* and in,e#' a %)' )(

'i*e in "!ea'ing a .%ea#ing en,i!)n*en' 'ha' ()#'e!# %ea!ning2 A!!ange*en' )( 'he "%a##!))*

!e(%e"'# 'he 'ea"he!5# .hi%)#).h- )( 'ea"hing and %ea!ning2 The!e()!e 'he '!adi'i)na% "%a##!))*

<i'h (ied #ea'ing in !)<# i# n)' idea%2

In#'ead (u!ni'u!e i# a!!anged in g!)u.# ') (a"i%i'a'e g!)u. <)!7 a*)ng #'uden'#? <i'h

<e%%de#igned "en'e!# and di#.%a-# )( "hi%d!en5# <)!7 ') #'i*u%a'e idea# and .!)*)'e in'e!e#' in

%ea!ning2 In addi'i)n ') 'hi#? "en'e!# <he!e "hi%d!en "an g) ') !ead and <!i'e a!e e#.e"ia%%-

i*.)!'an' ()! 'he de,e%).*en' )( <!i'ing and %anguage #7i%%#2 The #'i*u%a'ing? a''!a"'i,e and

in'e!e#'ing #u!!)unding )( 'he "%a##!))* (ea'u!e .%a"e# a''en'i)n ()! inde.enden' <)!7 and

")%%a+)!a'i,e %ea!ning2

The .h-#i"a% .%an' )( 'he #"h))% i# in a #a'i#(a"')!- ")ndi'i)n and 'he #"h))%5#

en,i!)n*en' i# ")ndu"i,e ') 'he 'ea"hing and %ea!ning .!)"e##2 Fu!'he!*)!e a %i+!a!- i# %)"a'ed




)n 'he #"h))%5# .!).e!'- 'ha' h)#' a <ide ,a!ie'- )( !eading *a'e!ia%# and #e,en ")*.u'e!# <hi"h

a##i#' in a"ade*i" .e!()!*an"e2

Ls#a Ro$rts* Co)-ucational Govrnmnt !rimar, sc#ool


In T!inidad and T)+ag)? .!i*a!- #"h))%# !ange (!)* #*a%%? *ediu* ') %a!ge in 'e!*# )(

#"h))% #ie and "%a## #ie2 S)*e )( 'he .!i*a!- #"h))%# a!e ui'e )%d *anaged )in'%- +-

!e%igi)u# den)*ina'i)na% +)die# and 'he g),e!n*en'? <i'h 'he !e%igi)u# +)die# ha,ing 'he *a)!

#a- in 'he de,e%).*en' )( 'he #"h))%#$ 'he )'he! !e*aining #"h))%# a!e #)%e%- *anaged +- 'he

g),e!n*en'2 F)! 'hi# .a.e!? 'he 'ea"he!5# <)!7 i# #i'ua'ed <i'hin a *ediu* #ied g),e!n*en'

#"h))%2 The #"h))% i# #i'ua'ed <i'hin a #u+u!+an ")**uni'- )( Dieg) Ma!'in? 'he <e#'e!n .a!' )(

T!inidad and T)+ag)2 The Pa'na6Ri,e! E#'a'e G),e!n*en' .!i*a!- #"h))% i# a '<) %e,e%

#'!u"'u!e 'ha' h)u#e# 'hi!'- (i,e "%a##e#2 Ea"h "%a## %e,e% ha# 'h!ee "%a##e#? ()! ea*.%e (i!#' -ea!

in(an'# ha# = "%a##e#? 3nd -ea! in(an'# ha# = "%a##e# e'"2 The #"h))% i# a ")edu"a'i)na% #"h))%?

<hi"h *ean# 'he!e a!e +)'h +)-# and gi!%#? 'he!e i# a%#) a *i )( +)'h *a%e and (e*a%e 'ea"he!#?

in"%uding 'he .!in"i.a% and ,i"e .!in"i.a%2 H)<e,e!? 'he #"h))% i# #h)!' #'a((ed +- 'en 'ea"he!#2

Thi# *ean# 'ha' #)*e )( 'he "%a##e# ha,e +een *e!ged <i'h )'he! "%a##e#2 The "%a##!))*# a!e

#e%(")n'ained !))*# and ea"h 'ea"he! ha# a *ediu* #ied "%a##!))* 'ha' #ea'# a..!)i*a'e%- 30

') = #'uden'#2 The ()%%)<ing i# a (u!'he! +!ea7d)<n )( 'he "%a##!))* en,i!)n*en':

Orienting Context

The in'ended %ea!ne! <i'hin 'hi# en,i!)n*en' i# a 'ea"he! )( 'he Pa'na6Ri,e! E#'a'e

G),e!n*en' P!i*a!- S"h))%2 The 'ea"he! i# a*)ng )'he! 'ea"he!# a' 'he #"h))% 'ha' age !ange#

(!)* '<en'-'<) -ea!# ') (i('-#i -ea!#2 A%% 'he 'ea"he!# ha,e ei'he! an unde!g!adua'e deg!ee )!

a Tea"he!# Di.%)*a (!)* 'he Tea"he!#5 T!aining C)%%ege2 Man- )( 'he -)unge! 'ea"he!# ha,e




(u!'he!ed 'hei! ua%i(i"a'i)n# +- a''aining 'hei! .)#' g!adua'e deg!ee# in edu"a'i)n2 M)#' )( 'he

'ea"he!# a!e ")*.u'e! %i'e!a'e? e#.e"ia%%- 'he 'ea"he!# <i'hin 'he age !ange )( '<en'-'<) ')

()!'-(i,e2 The- a!e (u%%- a<a!e )( 'he %a'e#' '!end# in ICT and a%% )( 'he* ha,e u#ed ICT in )ne

<a- )! 'he )'he! ') "!ea'e 'ea"hing )! %ea!ning e.e!ien"e# ()! 'hei! "%a##2 The 'ea"he! i# )ne )(

'h)#e <i'hin 'he !ange )( +eing ")*()!'a+%e <i'h ICT u#e and a''ain*en' )( a .)#' g!adua'e

deg!ee in Edu"a'i)n2

The 'ea"he! )('en a''e*.'# ') ada.' 'he u#e )( ICT in') 'ea"hing and %ea!ning e.e!ien"e#

a# <e%% a# "!ea'e %e##)n# 'ha' "a'e! ()! a%% '-.e# )( %ea!ne!# in 'he "%a##!))*2 H)<e,e!? <i'h 'he

%i*i'ed #'a(( a,ai%a+%e #u"h a %a!ge #"a%e 'a#7 i# di((i"u%' ') a"")*.%i#h2 The!e()!e? <hi%e 'he

'ea"he! i# a<a!e )( 'he MOE ini'ia'i,e ') u#e ICT in 'he "%a##!))* ') 'a!ge' a%% %ea!ne!# and a# a

de%i,e!- *e'h)d <hen 'ea"hing 31#' "en'u!- %ea!ne!#? i' ha# +e")*e (!u#'!a'ing n)' +eing a+%e ')

*aneu,e! 'he Di!e"'ed A..!)a"he# )u'%ined in 'he "u!!en' "u!!i"u%u*2 The 'ea"he! )('en

#'!ugg%e# ') '!- and (i' in 'he *anda'ed u#e )( ICT in') 'he in#'!u"'i)na% *)de% u#ed +- 'he

#"h))%2

Instructional Context:

A"")!ding ') M)!!i#)n e' a%2 B31? "%ea!%- de(ining 'he in#'!u"'i)na% ")n'e' .!),ide#

!i"h da'a ()! de#igning2 The in#'!u"'i)na% ")n'e' )( Pa'na6Ri,e! E#'a'e a!e a# ()%%)<#:

Factor Consi-ration

• Ligh'ing The 'ea"he!5# "%a##!))* i# <e%% %i' and 'he %igh'# "an 'u!n )n and )(( +-

'he 'ea"he! i( .!e#en'a'i)n# ha,e ') +e d)ne ()! an a"'i,i'-2 H)<e,e!?

e,en i( 'he %igh'# a!e )(( 'he!e i# a (ai! a*)un' )( na'u!a% %igh' 'ha'

")*e# in') 'he "%a##!))* and 'he!e a!e n) #hade# )! +%ind# )n 'he

<ind)<#

• N)i#e The #"h))% i# #i'ua'ed )n a *ain !)ad <he!e ,ehi"%e# a!e d!i,ing u. and




Factor Consi-ration

d)<n 'he !)ad e,e!- da- !egu%a!%-2 The!e a!e a%#) !e#iden"e# a!)und

'he #"h))%2 H)<e,e!? a%% )( 'hi# i# *anagea+%e a# 'he #"h))% ha# a %a!ge

#u!!)unding ")*.)und and 'he n)i#e !a!e%- di#'u!+# 'he #'uden'# in

'hei! "%a##e#2 The #'a(( !))* i# #i'ua'ed a' 'he en'!an"e )( 'he #"h))%?

"%)#e ') 'he .!in"i.a% )((i"e and a (e< (ee' a<a- (!)* "%a##!))*#2

O,e!a%%? 'he!e i# n) *ain )+#'a"%e )( di#'u!+an"e 'ha' i*.ede# 'he

'ea"he! )n a dai%- +a#i#2

• Te*.e!a'u!e The!e i# n) ")n'!)% ),e! 'he 'e*.e!a'u!e in 'he !))*? a# 'he "%a##!))*#

u#e na'u!a% ai! (!)* 'he <ind)<# )! (!)* (an#2 De.ending )n 'he

#ea#)n and 'he 'i*e )( 'he da- 'he !))* +e")*e# e'!e*e%- h)' and 'he

(an# a!e u#ed2

• Sea'ing The #ea'ing in 'he "%a##!))*# a!e gene!a%%- ()! di!e"'ed 'ea"hing2 The

de#7# a!e in !)<# and #ea'# = #'uden'#2 Gene!a%%- a 'ea"he! ha#

+e'<een ()u! ') (i,e !)<# )( de#7# and '<) ")%u*n#2 The 'ea"he!5#

de#7 i# #i'ua'ed a' 'he (!)n' )( 'he "%a##!))*? "%)#e#' ') 'he +%a"7+)a!d

and 'he en'!an"e6ei' )( 'he "%a##!))*2 The 'ea"he!5# de#7 i# 4> 3;

and u#ua%%- i' i# (i%%ed <i'h <)!7+))7# u#ed ()! d!i%% and .!a"'i"e2

• A"")**)da'i)n# The "%a##!))* i# #.a"i)u# and 'he de#7# a!e e,en%- #.a"ed2 The

'ea"he! "an ea#i%- <a%7 +e'<een ea"h de#7 and ha# a*.%e #.a"e a' 'he

(!)n' )( 'he "%a## ()! <!i'ing )n 'he <hi'e +)a!d and ()! de*)n#'!a'i)n#

<i'h 'he 'e%e,i#i)n )! !adi)2 The!e i# a%#) a ")*.u'e! #i'ua'ed a' 'he

+a"7 )( 'he "%a##!))* a%)ng <i'h a +))7#he%( )( %i+!a!- +))7#2

The 'ea"he! a%#) ha# a""e## ') 'he #"h))% ")*.u'e! %a+ <i'h ha# =

de#7'). ")*.u'e!# a,ai%a+%e2

• Eui.*en' The "%a##!))* ha# <i'hin in i' 'he ()%%)<ing:



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL1=

Factor Consi-ration

• Cd6!adi) .%a-e!

• De#7'). ")*.u'e! : <ind)<# 9? M# O((i"e Sui'e 31? in'e!ne'

!ead-

• C)%)u!ed in7e' .!in'e! • C)*.u'e! %a+ <i'h = de#7'). ")*.u'e!#

• E%e"'!)ni" .!)e"')!

• Te%e,i#i)n #e'

• &i!e%e## in'e!ne'

• = And!)id 'a+%e'# Bd)na'ed

Transfer Context

The 'ea"he! <i%% u#e 'he ne< in#'!u"'i)na% *)de% ') de#ign ")n#'!u"'i,i#' %ea!ning

e.e!ien"e# 'ha' a!e ICT in'eg!a'ed? 'a!ge'ed a' a%% '-.e# )( %ea!ne!# and %in7ed ') 'he %)"a%

"u!!i"u%u*2 The 'ea"he! <i%% +e gi,en 'he )..)!'uni'- ') u#e 'hi# *)de% a# #he .%an he! dai%-

%e##)n# and a##e##*en'# <i'h he! de.a!'*en' ")%%eague#2

Di""rncs $t0n ac# Instructional&'or( Environmnt

8a#ed )n <ha' ea"h 'ea* *e*+e!5# <)!7 en,i!)n*en' de#"!i.'i)n en'ai%ed? 'he ()%%)<ing

di((e!en"e# <e!e ()und2

In a%% ()u! <)!7 en,i!)n*en'#:

• S"h))% #ie# di((e!ed: 'ha' i# 'he #"h))% #ie# ,a!ied a# <e%% a# 'he age )( 'he #"h))%#2

• S"h))% .).u%a'i)n <a# di((e!en': F)! in#'an"e RiaMa!ia5# #"h))% ")n#i#'ed )( ()u!

hund!ed #'uden'# <hi%e Ra"he%%e5# #"h))% had )n%- '<) hund!ed #'uden'#2

• G!ade %e,e%#: Gene!a%%- 'he!e <a# a di((e!en"e in 'he #'a!'ing age# )( ea"h "%a##?

<he!e ()! in#'an"e RiaMa!ia <)!7 en,i!)n*en' ()"u#ed )n #'uden'# aged 'en ')

'<e%,e <hi%e? Y)%ande "%a##e# #'a!'ed a' eigh' ') nine -ea!#2

• A!!ange*en' )( (u!ni'u!e B(ied #ea'ing? !)<# )( '<)? g!)u.# )( (i,e




• &)!7 en,i!)n*en'# <e!e di((e!en': ea"h #"h))% dea%' <i'h 'hei! ad*ini#'!a'i,e and

*ain'enan"e )( 'he #"h))% and #'a(( #ie# di((e!en'%-2

• De%i,e!- )( in#'!u"'i)n: A%% ()u! <)!7 en,i!)n*en'# u'i%ied di((e!en' in#'!u"'i)n#

<i'hin 'hei! #"h))%#? ()! in#'an"e Lee#ha5# en,i!)n*en' u#ed di!e"' in#'!u"'i)n? and

Y)%ande5# en,i!)n*en' u#ed Unde!#'anding +- De#ign2

• L)"a'i)n )( #"h))%#: 8)'h u!+an and !u!a% #"h))%# <e!e in"%uded2

• The #"h))%# <e!e %)"a'ed in di((e!en' Ca!i++ean i#%and# Bi2e2 T!inidad? Ja*ai"a and

8aha*a#2

• The!e <a# a%#) 'he i##ue )( di((e!en' "u%'u!a% #e''ing# +e"au#e )( 'he di((e!en' i#%and#2

Similaritis $t0n ac# Instructional&'or( Environmnt

The in#'!u"'i)na% en,i!)n*en'# !e,ie<ed <e!e %)"a'ed in 'h!ee di((e!en' Ca!i++ean

")un'!ie# na*e%- T!inidad B'<) #"h))%# <e!e %)"a'ed he!e? Ja*ai"a and The 8aha*a#2




• &i'h di((e!en' i#%and# "a*e di((e!en' "u%'u!a% #e''ing#? n)ne'he%e## a%% ()u!

en,i!)n*en'# <e!e .!i*a!- #"h))% +a#ed <i'h #'uden'# !anging (!)* g!ade# 1 ')

/2

• A%% #"h))%# #ha!ed #i*i%a! ).e!a'i)na% h)u!# <i'h n) #"h))% ha,ing a #hi(' #-#'e*2• The a"ade*i" and Ad*ini#'!a'i,e #'a(( ()! a%% %)"a'i)n had +)'h *a%e# and

(e*a%e#2

• Th!ee )u' )( 'he ()u! #"h))%# <e!e ")edu"a'i)na% e"e.' ()! Ria5# 'ha' had an a%%

+)-# .).u%a'i)n2

• C%a##!))* #.a"ing <a# #u((i"ien' in a%% *)de%# <i'h #'uden'# ha,ing indi,idua%

<)!7 a!ea# 'ha' ")u%d +e ")*+ined ()! g!)u. <)!72

• A%% 'ea"he!# a!e e.e"'ed ') .!e#en' a %e##)n .%an )! )u'%ine 'ha' #'a'ed <ha'

<)u%d +e 'augh' ea"h <ee7 and a##e##*en' #'!a'egie# ()! ea"h2

• The!e <e!e '<) G),e!n*en' (unded #"h))%# and 'he )'he! '<) <e!e Ca'h)%i"

#"h))%# 'ha' a!e a%#) g),e!n*en' aided2

• Te"hn)%)g- In'eg!a'i)n "an +e #een 'h!)ugh)u' a%% *)de%# and a%% #"h))% a!e

eui..ed <i'h #)*e ()!* )( in'e!ne' a""e##2

Strat.is Similaritis an- Di""rncs $t0n t# Environmnts

In#'!u"'i)na% #'!a'egie# 'ha' i# ")**)n and6)! di((e!en' +e'<een 'he en,i!)n*en'#:

In#'!u"'i)na%

S'!a'egie#

Ria Y)%ande Ra"he%%e Lee#ha

Fa"e ') Fa"e

Re.e'i'i)n

G!)u.

In#'!u"'i)na%6S*a%%

G!)u.

Di#"u##i)n6ue#'i)n

#

Guided P!a"'i"e

De*)n#'!a'i)n



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL1/

Inde.enden' P!a"'i"e

Feed+a"7

F)!*a'i,e

A##e##*en'

Su**a'i,e

A##e##*en'

D!i%% and P!a"'i"e

S'!u"'u!ed ),e!,ie<

Si*u%a'i)n

O!gania'i)n )(

C%a##!))*

C!ea'ing 'he !igh'

"%a##!))*

en,i!)n*en'

Inde.enden' #'uden'

.!)e"'#

A%% in#'!u"'i)na% en,i!)n*en'# u#e (a"e ') (a"e in#'!u"'i)n and .!),ide (eed+a"7 ')

%ea!ne!#2 Y)%ande u#ed 'he %e"'u!e? di#"u##i)n and !e"i'a'i)n *e'h)d#? <hi%e Lee#ha u#ed

di!e"'ed in#'!u"'i)n 'ha' ()"u#ed )n .!e#en'ing (a"'ua%? ")n"e.'ua% )! .!)"edu!a% 7n)<%edge <i'h

"%ea! g)a%#? !e,ie< and .!e#en'a'i)n )( ea*.%e#2 Ra"he%%e? #'!a'egie# ()"u#ed )n (eed+a"7?

ue#'i)ning? #'!u"'u!ed ),e!,ie<? de*)n#'!a'i)n? d!i%% and .!a"'i"e and #i*u%a'i)n2 Ria u#ed

'e'+))7# and !eading# ()! in()!*a'i)n? and a %)' )( h)*e<)!7 a##ign*en'# a%)ng <i'h "%a##

di#"u##i)n# and di!e"' in#'!u"'i)n#2




N0 Com$in- Instructional Mo-l

Dscri!tion o" t# N0 Mo-l

Cratin. t# N0 Mo-l

Thi# M)de% .!),ide# a *e'h)d ') "!ea'e ICT in'eg!a'ed in#'!u"'i)n +- 'ea"he!#2 The

*)de% en")*.a##e# a ")*+ina'i)n )( a%% ()u! 'ea* *e*+e!#5 *)de%#2 The in'en' )( 'he *)de% i#

') a%%)< 'ea"he!# ') +egin de#igning in#'!u"'i)n (!)* an- .)in'2 Thi# a%%)<# ()! (%ei+i%i'- <i'hin

*)de% a# 'he u#e! de#ign# +e"au#e a' 'i*e# a de#igne! *a- a%!ead- ha,e d)ne )ne )( 'he

")*.)nen'# and #ee7ing an e((e"'i,e? #-#'e*a'i" <a- ') ")n'inue de#igning in#'!u"'i)n2

The!e()!e 'hi# *)de% )((e!# 'ha' ).'i)n ') 'he e.e!' de#igne! a# <e%% a# 'he ne< de#igne!

<h) i# n)' (a*i%ia! <i'h 'he de#ign .!)"e## and <)u%d %i7e ') #'a!' (!)* 'he %ea!ne! ana%-#i# and

<)!7 'h!)ugh ') 'he e,a%ua'i)n ")*.)nen'2 O,e!a%%? 'he *)de% i# #-#'e*i" and n)n%inea! and i#

in'ended ') en")u!age de#igne!# ') <)!7 in a%% a!ea# a# a..!).!ia'e2 R)+-%e! B310 !e(e!# ') 'hi#

'-.e )( de#ign a# 'he S-#'e*a'i" de#ign )( in#'!u"'i)n? <he!e a #e' )( .!)"edu!e# )u'%ined ()!

.%anning and de,e%).ing 'ea"hing *e'h)d# and *a'e!ia%# ') he%. *a7e #u!e 'ha' 'he de#igne!

a"hie,e# 'he de#i!ed !e#u%'# in'ended +a#ed )n a #)und 'he)!e'i"a% ()unda'i)n2

The *)de% u'i%ie# a ")*+ina'i)n )( 'he)!ie#? in#'!u"'i)na% a..!)a"he# and in#'!u"'i)na%

*)de%# +a#ed )n <ha' ea"h 'ea* *e*+e! had <i'hin 'hei! )!igina% in#'!u"'i)na% *)de% Ki2e2 'he

*)de% de#igned (!)* a##ign*en' =2 The !a'i)na%e <a# ') 'a7e )u' 'he 7e- (ea'u!e# )( ea"h 'ea*

*e*+e!5# *)de% and u#e 'h)#e 7e- (ea'u!e# ') "!ea'e 'hi# ne< *)de%2 The!e()!e 'he g!)u.

u'i%ied 'he ()%%)<ing 'he)!ie#? in#'!u"'i)na% a..!)a"he# and in#'!u"'i)na% *)de%#:

• Gagne5# ; e,en'# )( in#'!u"'i)n

• C)n#'!u"'i,i#*

• P!)+%e* 8a#ed Lea!ning

• ASSURE M)de%

• 8a"7<a!d De#ign

• Di!e"'ed In#'!u"'i)n



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL1>

• ADDIE

• In'eg!a'i,e M)de%

Dscri!tion o" Mo-l Com!onnts

The "h)#en na*e ()! 'he g!)u.5# In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign M)de% i#: X'!e*e Edu"a'i)n

C-"%i"a% M)de% )( In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign: E,a%ua'e? C!i'i"a%%- Thin7? In'eg!a'e? De,e%).? Re(%e"' @

Re,i#e2 The 'ea* de"ided 'ha' an- in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign *)de% #h)u%d a%<a-# ")n'ain an ana%-#i#

)( 'he %ea!ne! and 'he ")n'e' ') <hi"h 'he %ea!ne! <i%% +e u#ing 'he in#'!u"'i)n2 In (a"'

M"L)ugh%in B1;;; #ugge#'# 'ha' %ea!ning #'-%e# and #'!a'egie# "an .!),ide in#'!u"'i)na%

de#igne!# <i'h in#igh'# in') indi,idua% di((e!en"e# in %ea!ning and .e!()!*an"e 'ha' "an +e

(a"')!ed in') 'he de#ign .!)"e##2 The!e()!e 'he ‘Evaluate’ ")*.)nen' ()"u#e# )n 'he %eane!? 'he

")n'en' and 'he in#'!u"'i)na% .!)+%e*2 ‘Critically Think’ a%%)<# 'he de#igne! ') ()"u# )n <a-# ')

de#ign in#'!u"'i)n in a #'uden' "en'e!ed *anne! 'ha' .!)*)'e# 'he in(%uen"e )( .!)+%e* +a#ed

%ea!ning? in'eg!a'i,e %ea!ning and )'he! ")n#'!u"'i,i#' '-.e %ea!ning2 Thi# ")*.)nen' a%#)

!eui!e# 'he de#igne! ') de,e%). ),e!a%% g)a%# ()! 'he in#'!u"'i)n a# <e%% #.e"i(i" )+e"'i,e#2

Gene!a%%- 'he %i'e!a'u!e )n in#'!u"'i)na% )+e"'i,e# indi"a'e 'ha' i' i# ne"e##a!- ') "!ea'e

in#'!u"'i)na% g)a%# +e"au#e i' .!),ide# a #e' )( #ha!ed e.e"'a'i)n# a*)ng a%% 'h)#e in,)%,ed in

'he %ea!ning e.e!ien"e and )+e"'i,e# a%%)< 'he %ea!ne! ') .in .)in' <ha' 'he- #.e"i(i"a%%-

%ea!ned <i'hin 'he in#'!u"'i)n BM)!!i#)n e' a%? 31$ Ma!an)? 3;$ Ma!an) @ enda%%? 3/2

The integrate ")*.)nen' a%%)<# ()! 'he de#igne! ') 'hin7 a+)u' and iden'i(- 'he ,a!i)u# ICT

'))%# 'ha' "an +e u#ed <i'hin 'he in#'!u"'i)n2 8ee'ha* @ Sha!.e B31= indi"a'e 'ha' %ea!ne!#

<i'hin an- %ea!ning #i'ua'i)n a!e n)< !eui!ing 'he u#e )( ICT 'h!)ugh)u' 'hei! ")n'en'2

Fu!'he!*)!e P!en#7- B31 .!edi"'ed 'ha' %ea!ne!# <i'hin "%a##!))*# <i%% !eui!e 'hei! 'ea"he!#

') "!ea'e %ea!ning e.e!ien"e# 'ha' a!e i**e!#ed <i'h ICT +e"au#e i' i# <ha' 'he- <e!e +)!n in')

and a!e a""u#')*ed u#ing in#ide and )u'#ide )( 'he #"h))% en,i!)n*en'2 The!e()!e 'he g!)u. (e%'



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL1;

'ha' 'hi# ")*.)nen' <a# "!u"ia% ') 'he de#ign )( 'he *)de%2 The de,e%). ")*.)nen' !eui!ed 'he

de#igne! ') a##ign #'!a'egie# 'ha' <)u%d a%%)< ()! 'he a"")*.%i#h*en' )( 'he g)a%# and )+e"'i,e#

)( 'he in#'!u"'i)n? a# <e%% a# h)< 'he u#e )( ICT <i%% +e .%a"ed <i'hin 'he %ea!ning e.e!ien"e a'

7e- .)in'# in )!de! ') a..!e"ia'e and i*.a"' )n 'he in#'!u"'i)n2 The %a#' ")*.)nen' i# 'he

‘Reflect & Revise’ 2 Thi# ")*.)nen' i# "!i'i"a% ') 'he *)de% and "an +e u#ed a' 'he end )( ea"h

")*.)nen' in )!de! ()! 'he de#igne! ') "he"7 'he in#'!u"'i)n ()! u.da'e# and i*.!),e*en'# a'

an- .)in' )( 'he de#ign2 I' a%#) a%%)<# 'he de#igne! ') "he"7 'he in#'!u"'i)n a('e! i' ha# +een

i*.%e*en'ed ()! !egu%a! u#e and ad).'i)n <i'hin 'he de#igne!5# in#'!u"'i)na% !)u'ine2

C)n#euen'%-? 'he u#e )( R)ge!5# Di((u#i)n )( Inn),a'i)n "he"7 %i#' <a# u'i%ied ') a%%)< 'he

de#igne! ') "he"7 <ha' #'age )( ad).'i)n 'he- a!e "u!!en'%- a' and h)< ') i*.!),e )n 'hei!

"u!!en' #'age in )!de! ') *),e )n ') 'he ne' #'age %e,e% #) 'ha' ),e!a%% ad).'i)n "an +e a"hie,ed2

A"")!ding ') R)ge!# B1;>= di((u#i)n )""u!# 'h!)ugh a (i,e#'e. de"i#i)n*a7ing .!)"e##?

<hi"h in,)%,e# a #e!ie# )( ")**uni"a'i)n "hanne%# ),e! a .e!i)d )( 'i*e a*)ng *e*+e!# )( a

#i*i%a! #)"ia% #-#'e*2 In 'hi# "a#e i' <i%% +e 'he en,i!)n*en' ') <hi"h 'he de#igne! ei#'#2

R)ge!# Di((u#i)n )( inn),a'i)n# )u'%ined 'he (i,e ")*.)nen'# and 'he g!)u. ha# ada.'ed 'he

")*.)nen'# ') 'he ")n'e' )( 'he de#igne! u#ing 'he in#'!u"'i)na% *)de%2 The#e ")*.)nen'# )(

'he ad).'i)n "he"7 %i#' a!e a# ()%%)<#:

Sta. D"inition

n)<%edge The de#igne! i# (i!#' e.)#ed ') an inn),a'i)n? +u' %a"7# in()!*a'i)n a+)u'

'he inn),a'i)n2 Du!ing 'hi# #'age 'he indi,idua% ha# n)' -e' +een in#.i!ed ')

(ind )u' *)!e in()!*a'i)n a+)u' 'he inn),a'i)n2

Pe!#ua#i)n The de#igne! i# in'e!e#'ed in 'he inn),a'i)n and a"'i,e%- #ee7# !e%a'ed

in()!*a'i)n6de'ai%#2

De"i#i)n The de#igne! 'a7e# 'he ")n"e.' )( 'he "hange and <eigh# 'he

ad,an'age#6di#ad,an'age# )( u#ing 'he inn),a'i)n and de"ide# <he'he! ')




ad).' )! !ee"' 'he inn),a'i)n2 U#ua%%- 'hi# i# 'he *)#' di((i"u%' #'age

+e"au#e i' i# +a#ed )n indi,idua% .e!"e.'i)n and e,iden"e2

I*.%e*en'a'i)

n

The de#igne! e*.%)-# 'he inn),a'i)n ') a ,a!-ing deg!ee de.ending )n 'he

#i'ua'i)n2 Du!ing 'hi# #'age 'he de#igne! a%#) de'e!*ine# 'he u#e(u%ne## )(

'he inn),a'i)n and *a- #ea!"h ()! (u!'he! in()!*a'i)n a+)u' i'2

C)n(i!*a'i)n The de#igne! (ina%ie# hi#6he! de"i#i)n ') ")n'inue u#ing 'he inn),a'i)n2 Thi#

#'age i# +)'h in'!a.e!#)na% B*a- "au#e ")gni'i,e di##)nan"e and

in'e!.e!#)na%? ")n(i!*a'i)n 'he g!)u. ha# *ade 'he !igh' de"i#i)n2



N Li#' and iden'i(- 'he ,a!i)u# '-.e#)( ICT# 'ha' "an +e u#ed ') a"hie,e'he gene!a% )u'")*e# and)+e"'i,e#2

N Iden'i(- #'!a'egie# ') a"")*.%i#hgene!a% )u'")*e# and in'eg!a'eICT5#

N In#'!u"'i)n *u#' +e #'uden'"en'e!edN P!)*)'e# .!)+%e* +a#ed %ea!ningN De,e%). gene!a% )u'")*e# and #.e"i(i"

)+e"'i,e#2

N De*)g!a.hi"#

N Gene!a% "ha!a"'e!i#'i"#N En'!- ")*.e'en"ie#N

Lea!ning #'-%e

Evaluat t#larnr $as- on

C r i t i c a l l , T # i n (

Int.rat ICT D v l o ! i n s t r u c t i o n


1usti"ication "or t# Dsi.n

Figure 1: Xtreme Education Cyclical Model of Instructional Design: Ealuate! Critically T"in#! Integrate! Deelo$! %eflect & %eise

e- (ea'u!e# (!)* ea"h )( 'he ()%%)<ing *)de%# BRe'!ie,e? Re,i#e? I*.%e*en' and

Re,ie< BRRIR ICT In'eg!a'i)n M)de%? C!i'i"a% Thin7ing M)de%? S'!i7e!5# C)**uni'- S)"ia%

In'eg!a'i,e In#'!u"'i)na% M)de% BSCSI and EDFER M)de% )( In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign ha,e +een

u#ed ') "!ea'e a ne< *)de%: Xtreme Education Cyclical Model of Instructional Design i# a#

()%%)<#:

• Evaluat: 'he %ea!ne!? 'he ")n'e' and 'he in#'!u"'i)n

• Criticall, T#in( : 'hin7 a+)u' <a-# 'he in#'!u"'i)n "an +e #'uden' "en'e!ed and .!)*)'e#

.!)+%e* +a#ed %ea!ning? de,e%). gene!a% )u'")*e# and #.e"i(i" )+e"'i,e#2




• Int.rat: %i#' and iden'i(- 'he ,a!i)u# '-.e# )( ICT# 'ha' "an +e u#ed ') a"hie,e 'he gene!a%

)u'")*e# and )+e"'i,e#

• Dvlo!: iden'i(- #'!a'egie# ') a"")*.%i#h gene!a% )u'")*e# and in'eg!a'e 'he %i#'ed ICT5#

'ha' "an +e u#ed2• R"lct 2 Rvis: Thi# i# '<)()%d:

1 Re,ie< 'he in#'!u"'i)n ()! u.da'e# and i*.!),e*en'#

3 Re,ie< 'he #'age# )( ad).'i)n "he"7%i#'2 Tha' i# <ha' #'age i# 'he 'ea"he! a' )n 'he

%i#'2 &ha' "an +e d)ne ') i*.!),e 'he 'ea"he! #) 'ha' 'he- "an *),e ') 'he ne' #'age

)! unde!#'and "%ea!%- 'he "u!!en' #'age 'he- a!e .)#i'i)ned2

o n)<%edge .%anning and .!a"'i"e )( 'he ICT in'eg!a'ed %e##)n

o Pe!#ua#i)n in'e!e#' in u#ing 'he *)de%

o De"i#i)n de"i#i)n ') ad).' )! !ee"' 'he *)de%

o I*.%e*en'a'i)n 'he nu*+e! )( 'i*e# u#ing 'he *)de% +e()!e (u%%- ad).'ingo C)n(i!*a'i)n 'he de"i#i)n ') ")n'inue u#ing 'he *)de% <i'hin in#'!u"'i)na%

.%anning2

Rational*

T"e Xtreme Education Cyclical Model of Instructional Design

• P!),ide# a ")*.!ehen#i,e guide ') "!ea'e a h)%i#'i" in#'!u"'i)na% *e'h)d 'ha' in")!.)!a'e#

'he 7e- a#.e"'# )( 'he ()u! )!igina% in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign *)de%# "!ea'ed +- indi,idua%

g!)u. *e*+e!# )( X'!e*e Edu"a'i)na%i#'#2

o C)*.)nen'# )( ea"h g!)u. *e*+e!5# *)de%:

LEESHA5S MODEL: RETRIEVE, REVISE, I!"EE#T $#% REVIEW RRIR'

ICT I#TE(R$TI)# I#STR*CTI)#$" )%E"

e- Fea'u!e#:

REISE:

• Li#' ICT Re#)u!"e# A,ai%a+%e a' 'he #"h))%

• Li#' 'he gene!a% )u'")*e#6)+e"'i,e# )( 'he %ea!ning e.e!ien"e

• Li#' 'he '!adi'i)na% !e#)u!"e# 'ha' "an +e !e.%a"ed <i'h ICT in a !ea%i#'i" <a-

• Li#' 'he '!adi'i)na% a##e##*en'# 'ha' "an +e !e.%a"ed <i'h ICT in a !ea%i#'i" <a-



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL3=

REIE&:

• Re,ie< 'he %e##)n ()! u.da'e# and i*.!),e*en'#

• Re,ie< 'he #'age# )( ad).'i)n "he"7%i#'

- n)<%edge .%anning and .!a"'i"e )( 'he ICT in'eg!a'ed %e##)n

-Pe!#ua#i)n in'e!e#' in u#ing 'he *)de%

- De"i#i)n de"i#i)n ') ad).' )! !ee"' 'he *)de%

- I*.%e*en'a'i)n 'he nu*+e! )( 'i*e# u#ing 'he *)de% +e()!e (u%%- ad).'ing

- C)n(i!*a'i)n 'he de"i#i)n ') ")n'inue u#ing 'he *)de% <i'hin in#'!u"'i)na%

.%anning2

RACHELE5S MODEL* CRITIC$" T+I#I#( )%E"

e- (ea'u!e#: Gagne5# nine e,en'# )( %ea!ning

YOLANDE5S MODEL* STRIER’S C)*#IT- S)CI$" I#TE(R$TIVE

I#STR*CTI)#$ )%E" SCSI'

e- (ea'u!e#: P8L @ Di!e"'ed In#'!u"'i)n

RIA)MARIA%S MODEL* E%.ER )%E" ). I#STR*CTI)#$" %ESI(#

e- (ea'u!e#:

• E,a%ua'e 'he %ea!ne!

• De(ine Ou'")*e# @ E,iden"e )( Lea!ning

• F)!*u%a'e @ De#ign Lea!ning E.e!ien"e#

• Ena"' De#ign @ C)ndu"' F)!*a'i,e A##e##*en'

• Re(%e"' and Re,i#e

• ADDIE? Di"7 @ Ca!e- M)de% ASSURE BGagne ; e,en'# )(

%ea!ning? ARCS M)de% )( *)'i,a'i)n @ 8a"7<a!d De#ign2

• The Xtreme Education Cyclical Model of Instructional Design a%%)<# in#'!u"'i)na%

de#igne!# ') ")**en"e a' an- .)in' in 'he de#ign .!)"e##? +u' #'i%% %ead ') 'he e,a%ua'i)n

)( 'he %ea!ne! a# i'# .!i*a!- ()"a% .)in' in 'he de#ign2




• 8a#ed )n 'he ()"u# )n #'uden'"en'e!edne## and 'he ICT ")*.)nen' )( 'he *)de% i'

a"")**)da'e# 'he '<en'-(i!#' "en'u!- and 'he a''ain*en'+a#ed .a!adig* BReige%u'h @

Ca!!Che%%*an? 3; .e!(e"'%-2

Instructional Strat.is

A"")!ding ') i%+ane @ Mi%*an B31= de(ine# Di!e"'ed In#'!u"'i)n a# a 'ea"he!

"en'e!ed a..!)a"h ()! add!e##ing (a"'ua%? .!)"edu!a% and ")n"e.'ua% 7n)<%edge in a%% ")n'en'

a!ea# and g!ade %e,e%# B.2>92 Tha' i# i' i# ")n#ide!ed a #'!aigh'()!<a!d? e.%i"i' 'ea"hing

'e"hniue# u#ua%%- ') 'ea"h a #.e"i(i" #7i%% +- a 'ea"he!2 The 'ea"he! #'and# in (!)n' )( a

"%a##!))* and .!e#en'# 'he in()!*a'i)n2 F)! in#'an"e? i' *igh' +e a %e##)n in <hi"h 'he 'ea"he!

,e!- "%ea!%- )u'%ine# 'he )!de! )( a%% 'he .%ane'# in 'he #)%a! #-#'e*? )! i' *igh' +e a #i*.%e

e.%ana'i)n and #)*e ea*.%e# )( 'he d)u+%e((%%## #.e%%ing !u%e2

H)<e,e!? 'hi# #'!a'eg- ha# +een #h)<n ') n)' +ene(i' a%% %ea!ne!# Bi%+ane @ Mi%*an?

31=$ 8ea!d @ Ha!.e!? 332 A# a !e#u%' ),e! 'he -ea!# edu"a')!# ha,e "hanged 'he a..!)a"h ')

%ea!ne!# in 'he "%a##!))* #) 'ha' a%% '-.e# )( %ea!ne!# "an +e e((e"'i,e%- 'a!ge'ed Ba*eenui e' a%?

1;;02 In e##en"e? 'ea"he!# n)< *a'"h 'he '-.e )( in#'!u"'i)n ') 'he 'a#7? 'ea"hing di!e"'%- <hen

i' #ui'# 'he #7i%% +eing 'augh'2 F)! ea*.%e? 'he )!de! )( 'he .%ane'# i# #)*e'hing +e#' %ea!ned

di!e"'%-? <hi%e 'ea"hing <ha' *a'e!ia%# a!e *agne'i" i# +e''e! %ea!ned? and *u"h *)!e engaging?

'h!)ugh e.e!i*en'a'i)n2

i%+ane @ Mi%*an B31= de(ine# P!)+%e* 8a#ed Lea!ning a# an a"'i,e %ea!ning *)de%

'ha' a%%)<# #'uden'# ') %ea!n and h)ne .!)+%e*#)%,ing #7i%%#? de,e%). ")*.e'en"e <i'h

a"ade*i" ")n'en' #'anda!d# and !ea%ie 'he !e%e,an"e )( a..%-ing ")n'en' a!ea %ea!ning ()!

.!a"'i"a% .u!.)#e# B.23>12 S)*e edu"a')!# indi"a'e 'ha' 'hi# *)de% ha# a 'enden"- ') %end i'#e%(

') di((e!en'ia'ed in#'!u"'i)n BD)"h-? 3=$ au"ha7 @ Eggen? 1;;=2 Thi# #'!a'eg- i# #.e"i(i"a%%-




de#igned ') +e #'uden'"en'e!ed? #'uden'd!i,en and gi,e# #.a"e ()! 'ea"he!# ') *ee' 'he need# )(

#'uden'# in a ,a!ie'- )( <a-#2 P8L "an a%%)< ()! e((e"'i,e di((e!en'ia'i)n in a##e##*en' a# <e%% a#

dai%- *anage*en' and in#'!u"'i)n2 P!)+%e*+a#ed %ea!ning i# an)'he! 'ea"hing and %ea!ning

#'!a'eg- 'ha' "ha%%enge# #'uden'# ') #ee7 #)%u'i)n# ') !ea%<)!%d .!)+%e*#2 The .!)+%e*# a!e

de#igned ') a!)u#e #'uden' "u!i)#i'-? a''e*.' ') engage #'uden'# in au'hen'i" and in'e!e#'ing '-.e#

)( a"'i,i'ie#? and .!e.a!e 'he* ') 'hin7 "!i'i"a%%- and ana%-'i"a%%-2

In'eg!a'i,e In#'!u"'i)na% M)de% #u..)!'# #'uden'# a# 'he- <)!7 ')<a!d# +e")*ing

inde.enden' 'hin7e!#? 'hi# i# a .u!.)#e d!i,en *)de% in <hi"h #'uden'#5 ana%-#i# i# #u..)!'ed +-

'ea"he!# and i# 'hen .!e#en'ed in an )!ganied ()!*2 C)%% e' a% B1;;/ indi"a'e# 'ha' 'hi# *)de%

!eui!e# "a!e(u% .%anning and in"%u#i)n )( +)'h ")n'en' and #'!a'egin )!de! ') .!)*)'e

#u""e##(u% i*.%e*en'a'i)n2 On"e 'he#e guide%ine# a!e ()%%)<ed 'hi# #'!a'eg- "an a%%)<# #'uden'#

.!)"e##ing in()!*a'i)n and idea# (!)* !i"h ")n'en' *a'e!ia%# in') ne< idea# and unde!#'anding#

<i'hin an- %ea!ning e.e!ien"e #i'ua'i)n2 In 'he .!)"e##? #'uden'# g!)< in 'hei! a+i%i'- ') 'hin7?

ana%-e? and d!a< ")n"%u#i)n# inde.enden'%-2 Thi# *)de% !e%ie# )n ()!*a% #'!a'egie# 'ha' 'ea"h

#'uden'# h)< ') ana%-e and in'e!.!e' in()!*a'i)n 'he- *igh' en")un'e! in #"h))% and in !ea% %i(e

#i'ua'i)n# Bi%+ane @ Mi%*an? 31=2 Th!)ugh engage*en' in 'he In'eg!a'i,e *)de%? #'uden'#

a"ui!e and de,e%). #7i%%# 'he- "an u#e !egu%a!%- ') *a7e *eaning (!)* e.e!ien"e# in #"h))%

and dai%- %i,ing2 The *)de% #u..)!'# #'uden'#5 %ea!ning a"!)## 'he a"ade*i" #u+e"' a!ea# <hi%e

a%#) e*.)<e!ing 'he* ') +e")*e inde.enden' %ea!ne!#2

A"")!ding ') i%+ane and Mi%*an B31= 'he!e a!e di((e!en' '-.e# )( ")).e!a'i,e %ea!ning

#'!a'egie#? in (a"' 'he#e au'h)!# indi"a'e 'ha' 'he!e a!e #e,e!a% #'!a'egie# )( 'ea"hing (a%% unde! 'he

C)).e!a'i,e Lea!ning *)de%# u*+!e%%a2 The#e a!e 'he Gene!a% C)).e!a'i,e Lea!ning *)de%?

'he Jig#a< *)de%? and 'he G!a((i'i *)de%2 The#e *)de%# a!e ")n#ide!ed ")).e!a'i,e +e"au#e 'he-



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL3/

#i*u%'ane)u#%- .!)*)'e #'uden'#5 de,e%).*en' )( #)"ia% #7i%%# and *a#'e!- )( a"ade*i" ")n'en'

and "!i'i"a% 'hin7ing <i'hin a %ea!ning e.e!ien"e? a%% )( <hi"h 'he X'!e*e Edu"a'i)n C-"%i"a%

M)de% )( In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign i# in'ended ') .!)*)'e <hen a de#igne! u#e# i' ()! de#igning

in#'!u"'i)n2 C)).e!a'i,e %ea!ning #'!a'egie# .%a- an i*.)!'an' !)%e in in"!ea#ing #'uden'#5 !e#.e"'

()! and unde!#'anding )( ea"h )'he!5# a+i%i'ie# in'e!e#'# and need#2 The#e a"'i,i'ie# en")u!age

#'uden'# ') 'a7e !e#.)n#i+i%i'- ()! 'hei! %ea!ning? <hi"h <a# 'he ),e!a%% in'en' )( u#ing 'hi#

#'!a'eg-2

Pa..a# B314 #'a'ed 'ha' Inui!- 8a#ed Lea!ning !e%ie# u.)n 'he idea 'ha' indi,idua%#

a!e a+%e ') %ea!n +- in,e#'iga'ing #"ena!i)# and .!)+%e*#? and 'h!)ugh #)"ia% e.e!ien"e#2 Ra'he!

'han ha,ing ') *e*)!ie in()!*a'i)n (!)* .!in'ed *a'e!ia%#? in#'!u"')!# en")u!aged 'hei!

#'uden'# ') ")ndu"' in,e#'iga'i)n# 'ha' <)u%d #a'i#(- 'hei! "u!i)#i'-? he%. 'he* +!)aden 'hei!

7n)<%edge +a#e and de,e%). 'hei! #7i%%# and *en'a% (!a*e#2

Discr!anc, Anal,sis

ie<ing 'he ne< *)de% a%)ng <i'h 'he indi,idua% *)de%# 7e- di((e!en"e# <e!e

!e")gnied and high%igh'ed 'ha' 'hi# *)de% <)u%d .e!*i' #'uden'# ') e.%)!e and +e a"'i,e

%ea!ne!#2

The X'!e*e Edu"a'i)n C-"%i"a% M)de% )( In#'!u"'i)na% De#ign .!),ide# an en,i!)n*en'

'ha' i# *)!e #'uden' "en'e!ed2 In 'hi# en,i!)n*en' #'uden'# a!e in#'!u*en'a% in "!ea'ing and

")n#'!u"'ing 'hei! )<n 7n)<%edge2 M"C)*+# and &hi#'%e! B1;;9 #'a'e 'ha' %ea!ne!# a!e '!ea'ed

a# ")"!ea')!# in 'he %ea!ning .!)"e##? a# indi,idua%# <i'h idea# and i##ue# 'ha' de#e!,e a''en'i)n

and ")n#ide!a'i)n2 Th!)ugh ")%%a+)!a'i)n and ")).e!a'i)n <i'h )'he!#? #'uden'# engage in

e.e!ien'ia% %ea!ning 'ha' i# au'hen'i"? h)%i#'i"? and "ha%%enging2 S'uden'# a!e en")u!aged ') u#e

.!i)! 7n)<%edge ') ")n#'!u"' ne< %ea!ning2 A%#) ')) i' .!),ide# #'uden'#5 <i'h 'he )..)!'uni'- ')




!e(%e"' )n 'hei! <)!72 M)!e),e! 'he #'!u"'u!e )( 'hi# *)de% en")u!age# and *a- i*.!),e

#'uden'#5 *)'i,a'i)n2

I' i# e##en'ia% ') 'ha' !e")gnied 'ha' ea"h "hi%d %ea!ning #'-%e i# di((e!en'2 The!e()!e? an

indi,idua%5# %ea!ning #'-%e !e(e!# ') 'he .!e(e!en'ia% <a- in <hi"h 'he #'uden' a+#)!+# .!)"e##e#?

")*.!ehend# and !e'ain# in()!*a'i)n2 F)! ea*.%e? <hen %ea!ning h)< ') +ui%d a "%)"7? #)*e

#'uden'# unde!#'and 'he .!)"e## +- ()%%)<ing ,e!+a% in#'!u"'i)n#? <hi%e )'he!# ha,e ') .h-#i"a%%-

*ani.u%a'e 'he "%)"7 'he*#e%,e#2 Thu#? 'hi# *)de% #ee7# ') "a'e! ') a%% 'he %ea!ning #'-%e#:

,i#ua%? audi')!- and 7ine#'he'i"2 Cu!!en'%- #'uden' +)die# a!e in"!ea#ing%- di,e!#e n)' )n%- in

e'hni"i'- and gende!? +u' a%#) in "u%'u!a% +a"7g!)und 7n)<%edge e'"2 Thi# di,e!#i'- "an a((e"' 'he

"%a##!))* in#'!u"'i)n2 8e%en7- e' a%2 B1;>/? ()und ")n#ide!a+%e e,iden"e ') #ugge#' 'ha' *an-

<)*en 'end ') a..!)a"h %ea!ning in *)!e ")nne"'ed <a-#? *eaning a #'-%e 'ha' e*.ha#ie#

e*.a'h-? ")%%a+)!a'i)n and "a!e(u% %i#'ening2 Fu!'he!*)!e? %ea!ning #'-%e# a..ea! ') +e

de,e%).*en'a%2 The %ea!ne!# #'!a'egie# "an "hange ),e! 'i*e a# 'he- gain *)!e e.e!ien"e in a

.a!'i"u%a! a!ea and 'he a..!).!ia'e %ea!ning #'-%e "h)#en +- 'he %ea!ne!# *a- a%#) de.end )n 'he

#.e"i(i" 'a#7 'he- a!e <)!7ing )n2 Thi# *)de% <i%% 'he!e()!e a%%)< #'uden'# ') unde!#'and

in()!*a'i)n in 'e!*# 'he- a!e ")*()!'a+%e <i'h hen"e in"!ea#ing 'hei! a"ade*i" .e!()!*an"e2

Un%i7e 'he indi,idua% *)de%# 'ha' )n%- "a'e!ed ') )ne )! '<) %ea!ning #'-%e# 'hi# *)de%

<i%% in'eg!a'e ea"h "hi%d5# *u%'i.%e in'e%%igen"e2 Ga!dne! de(ine# in'e%%igen"e a# 'he "a.a"i'- ')

#)%,e .!)+%e*# )! ') (a#hi)n .!)du"'# 'ha' a!e ,a%ued in )ne )! *)!e "u%'u!a% #e''ing BGa!dne! @

Ha'"h? 1;>;2 U#ing 'hi# +a#i# Ga!dne! ()!*u%a'ed a %i#' )( #e,en in'e%%igen"e#2 The#e

in'e%%igen"e# in"%ude:

• L)gi"a%*a'he*a'i"a% ")n#i#'# )( 'he "a.a"i'- ') ana%-e .!)+%e*# %)gi"a%%-?

"a!!- )u' *a'he*a'i"a% ).e!a'i)n#? and in,e#'iga'e i##ue# #"ien'i(i"a%%-2



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL3>

• Lingui#'i" in,)%,e# ha,ing a *a#'e!- )( %anguage2

• S.a'ia%gi,e# )ne 'he a+i%i'- ') *ani.u%a'e and "!ea'e *en'a% i*age# in )!de! ')

#)%,e .!)+%e*#2

• Mu#i"a% in,)%,e# #7i%% in 'he .e!()!*an"e? ")*.)#i'i)n? and a..!e"ia'i)n )(

*u#i"a% .a''e!n#2 I' en")*.a##e# 'he "a.a"i'- ') !e")gnie and ")*.)#e *u#i"a%

.i'"he#? ')ne#? and !h-'h*#2

• 8)di%-7ine#'he'i" en'ai%# 'he .)'en'ia% )( u#ing )ne5# <h)%e +)d- )! .a!'# )( 'he

+)d- ') #)%,e .!)+%e*#2 I' i# 'he a+i%i'- ') u#e *en'a% a+i%i'ie# ') "))!dina'e +)di%-

*),e*en'#2

• Pe!#)na% in"%ude# in'e!.e!#)na% (ee%ing# and in'en'i)n# )( )'he!#and

in'!a.e!#)na% in'e%%igen"e'he a+i%i'- ') unde!#'and )ne# )<n (ee%ing# and

*)'i,a'i)n#2 The#e '<) in'e%%igen"e# a!e #e.a!a'e (!)* ea"h )'he!2

The *)de% <i%% a%%)< in#'!u"')!# ') !e")gnie and 'ea"h ') <ide! ,a!ie'- )( #7i%%# and

'a%en'# <hi%e 'hin7ing a+)u' 'he in"%u#i)n )( ICT2 A# a !e#u%' *a'e!ia%# <i%% +e #'!u"'u!ed in a

*anne! <hi"h engage# *)#' )! a%% 'he in'e%%igen"e#2 Thi# "an +e i*.%e*en'ed 'h!)ugh in'eg!a'e

and de,e%). #'age# )( 'he *)de%2 Laea! B1;;3 ")n"%uded 'ha' 'ea"he!# "an a##i#' #'uden'# in

u#ing 'hei! d)!*an' in'e%%igen"e# ') gain unde!#'anding <i'h a di((i"u%' #u+e"' a!ea2

The !a.id 'e"hn)%)gi"a% "hange# in )u! <)!%d de*and 'ha' #'uden'# a!e (%ei+%e?

7n)<%edgea+%e a+)u' ne< 'e"hn)%)gie#? ")**uni"a'e <i'h an- ()!* )( *edia and ")%%a+)!a'e

<i'h )'he!#2 Thu# 'he u#age )( ICT5# <i%% ena+%e %ea!ne!# ') a..%- 'he ne< 7n)<%edge gained ')

ne< #i'ua'i)n#? ana%-e in()!*a'i)n? ")%%a+)!a'e? #)%,e .!)+%e*#? and *a7e de"i#i)n#

The AASL5# S'anda!d# ()! 'he 31#'Cen'u!- Lea!ne! B39? <i'h 'hei! e*.ha#i# )n

*u%'i.%e %i'e!a"ie# and 'he #)"ia% ")n'e' in <hi"h in()!*a'i)n #7i%%# de,e%).? e*+!a"e



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL3;

in#'!u"'i)n 'ha' engage# #'uden'#5 "!i'i"a% 'hin7ing a+)u' 'he "hanging ")**uni"a'i)n#

en,i!)n*en'2

Conclusions

O,e!a%%? X'!e*e Edu"a'i)na%i#' <a# gi,en 'he 'a#7 ') "!ea'e a *)de% +a#ed )n ea"h 'ea*

*e*+e!5# indi,idua%%- "!ea'ed in#'!u"'i)na% *)de%# (!)* a .!e,i)u# ee!"i#e2 Gene!a%%- 'he

'ea* u'i%ied 'he 7e- (ea'u!e# (!)* ea"h .e!#)n5# *)de% and ()"u#ed )n 'he *)de% +eing (%ei+%e

en)ugh <he!e a de#igne! "an +egin (!)* an- .)in' <i'hin 'he *)de%2 The *)de% "an +e u#ed +-

an e.e!' de#igne! a# <e%% a# a n),i"e de#igne! a# 'he- "!ea'e 'hei! in#'!u"'i)n in a #-#'e*a'i"

*anne! <i'h 'he ()"u# )n #'uden' "en'e!edne## and 31

#'

"en'u!- %ea!ning <i'hin 'he Ca!i++ean

"%a##!))*2

R"lctions o" t# 3rocss

Thi# .!)e"' <a# )ne 'ha' ()!"ed ea"h 'ea* *e*+e! ') !e(%e"' )n 'he .!)"e## )( de#igning

a ne< in#'!u"'i)na% *)de% +- *e!ging ()u! in#'!u"'i)na% *)de%# <i'hin a <)!7 en,i!)n*en'2 The

#e"'i)n i# ()"u#ed )n ea"h 'ea* *e*+e!5# !e(%e"'i)n )n 'he .!)e"'5# .!)"e## a# i' <a# +eing

")*.%e'ed2 I' #'a!'# )(( <i'h RiaMa!ia? 'hen Y)%ande? Ra"he%%e and ")n"%ude# <i'h Lee#ha5#

!e(%e"'i)n2

Ria)Maria Narcis

Thi# g!)u. .!)e"' #ee*ed a +i' %a'e ()! *e in 'e!*# )( a 'i*e%ine )( a##ign*en'#? h)<e,e! *-

g!)u. *e*+e!# !ea%%- #u..)!'ed ea"h )'he! in #.i'e )( %i*i'ed 'i*e? (a*i%- ")n#'!ain'# and

'e"hni"a% di((i"u%'ie# )n .!e#en'a'i)n nigh'2 Du!ing 'he <h)%e .!)"e## I 7e.' 'hin7ing 'ha' i' <a# a

%)' ') ge' d)ne in a ,e!- #h)!' #.a"e )( 'i*e <e had ') "!i'i"a%%- 'hin7 <hi"h .a!'# )( )u! *)de%#

<)u%d ge% ') "!ea'e a h)%i#'i" !e.!e#en'a'i)n )( )u! indi,idua% "!ea'i)n#2 A('e! #e,e!a% S7-.e

*ee'ing#? .h)ne "a%%# and g!)u. *e##aging i' (ina%%- +egan ') *a7e #en#e and .a!'# +egan ') (a%%



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL=

in') i'# !e#.e"'i,e .%a"e#2 I (e%' ha..- ') +e a .a!' )( 'hi# g!)u. +e"au#e )u! *e*+e!# <e!e

dedi"a'ed ') 'he #-#'e*a'i" de,e%).*en' )( )u! *)de%? <e di,ided 'he <)!7%)ad and <e!e a+%e ')

<)!7 indi,idua%%- ') *ai*ie )u! e(()!'# 2In hind#igh'? I <a# ani)u# a+)u' d)ing 'hi# ")u!#e )(

#'ud-? i' a%% #ee*# %i7e a %)' )( 'e"hni"a% #'u(( 'ha' <a# di((i"u%' ') ")*.!ehend and ui'e

e.an#i,e2 Su!.!i#eQ A' %ea#' I <a# <!)ng )n )ne a"")un'? i' i# n)' a' a%% di((i"u%' ') ")*.!ehend

+u' !eui!e# #-#'e*a'i" !e#ea!"h? de,e%).*en' )( idea# and 'he !ea%ia'i)n 'ha' 'hi# i# a

de,e%).*en'a% .!)"e##? u%'i*a'e%- 'he !e#ea!"h (inding# in 'hi# a!ea i# e'!e*e%- e.an#i,e2

C)n#euen'%-? in "!ea'ing 'hi# *)de% i' i# "%ea! 'ha' in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign i# #i*.%e ') unde!#'and?

n)' a' a%% ")n"i#e +u' !eui!e# .e!#e,e!an"e and 'ha' ea% ') %ea!n h)< ') a..!)a"h .!)+%e*# and

a..%- 7n)<%edge2And 'hen 'he!e <a# M)nda- 9'h De"e*+e! a' >ECT? a('e! *u"h .%anning?

#)u!"ing )( u#' 'he !igh' .i"'u!e#? 'i*ing 'he #%ide# and '<) #e!i)u#%- "!a- .!a"'i"e #e##i)n#? <e

a%% 'h)ugh'YESQ &e a!e !ead- Pe"ha u"ha d)e#n5' <an' an-'hing <i'h u#'i*e# <i'hin

'<en'- #e")nd# and a%%8LAST OFFQQQQQ Oh? +u' a%a# *- audi) <en' "!a-2*- ,ide) <a#

de%a-ed and I ")u%d n)' .!e#en'Q I *u#' ad*i'? I (e%' "hea'ed and <a# una+%e ') en)- #u+#euen'

.!e#en'a'i)n# a!e a#7 .e!'inen' ue#'i)n# )n *- )'he! ")%%eague#5 *)de%#2 Than7 g))dne## <e

had !ehea!#ed and Lee#ha ")u%d ")n'inue *- #e"'i)nui'e (%a<%e##%-222*igh' I addQ In 'he end?

)u! *)de% !e.!e#en'ed 'he +e#' )( )u! indi,idua% *)de%# and i' #e!,ed ') *)'i,a'e *e ()!<a!d

<i'h 'hin7ing )( *- )<n <)!7 and ")n'!i+u'i)n# I "an endea,)! ') iden'i(- and ad,an"e in 'he

(ie%d )( in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign in *- ")un'!- and 'he g!ea'e! edu"a'i)na% !egi)n2 &h) 7n)<# 'he!e

*igh' +e a !egi)na% ")%%a+)!a'i)n )( g!ea' Ca!i++ean *ind# in 'he (u'u!e ') .!)*)'e a n),e%

in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign .!)"e##

Yolan- Samuls



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL=1

Tea* <)!7? *a7e# 'he d!ea* <)!72 J)hn C Ma<e%%2 Thi# i# 'he 'h)ugh' 'ha' ")*e#

') *ind <hen I 'hin7 a+)u' 'he g!)u. )( %adie# <i'h <h)* I had 'he .%ea#u!e )( <)!7ing <i'h

'hi# #e*e#'e!2 The 'h)ugh' )( ha,ing a *a)! a##ign*en' ') ")*.%e'e a' 'hi# "!i'i"a% .)in' in 'he

#e*e#'e! #ee*ed daun'ing a' (i!#'? a# 'he!e a!e #) *an- 'hing# 'a7ing .%a"e +)'h a"ade*i"a%%-

and .!)(e##i)na%%- ()! a%% 'he *e*+e!# )( 'hi# g!)u.2

G!)u. <)!7 ")**)n%- +!ing# <i'h i' ui'e a (e< "ha%%enge#? +u' *- 'ea*? 'he X'!e*e

Edu"a')!# de#.i'e <)!7ing (!)* 'h!ee di((e!en' Ca!i++ean i#%and# <i'h ()u! di((e!en' he"'i" <)!7

#"hedu%e# *ade 'hi# 'a#7 *anagea+%e2 A('e! e"hanging and ,ie<ing a%% ()u! a##ign*en'# <e

a!!anged #e,e!a% S7-.e *ee'ing# 'ha' +e#' #ui'ed )u! di((e!en' #"hedu%e#2 Di#"u##i)n# <e!e he%d

)n 'he !eui!e*en'# ()! 'he 'a#7 and ea"h g!)u. *e*+e! <a# a#7ed ') "h))#e '<) a!ea# ') <)!7

)n2 &e <)!7ed )n )u! .a!'# and ga,e ea"h )'he! (eed+a"7 a# ') <ha' a!ea# needed (ine 'uning2

&e !e#ea!"hed Pe"ha u"ha a# 'hi# <a# 'he (i!#' 'i*e an- )( u# had hea!d a+)u' i'? and di#"u##ed

h)< +e#' ') .u' )u! 'h)ugh'# in') g!a.hi"#2 The .!)"e## )( .!e.a!ing ()! )u! )!a% .!e#en'a'i)n

<a# indeed a ")*i"a% ad,en'u!e (i%%ed <i'h +u''e!(%- (i%%ed #')*a"h#? dee. +!ea'h# and %)'# )(

%augh'e! a# <e +e"au#e ea"h )'he!5#5 ")a"h2 A('e! <e .!e#en'ed ') )u! "%a## <e +!ea'hed a #igh )(

!e%ie(? <e had *ade i' 'h!)ugh )ne #e"'i)n )( )u! .!)e"' #u""e##(u%%- de#.i'e 'he *an-

"ha%%enge# 'ha' 'e"hn)%)g- de"ided ') .!e#en' u# <i'h2

Thi# ha# +een an in#igh'(u% e.e!ien"e ()! *e a# I g)' ') <)!7 <i'h #)*e +!i%%ian' %adie#

<h) ha,e n)< +e")*e ,e!- g))d (!iend#2 Pe"ha u"ha a%'h)ugh #)*e<ha' )u'#ide )( *-

u#ua%%- '!)dden .a'h <a# a"'ua%%- n)' 'ha' +ad and i' i# de(ini'e%- a "ha%%enge I ")u%d #ee *-#e%(

a##igning ') )ne )( *- u..e! g!ade "%a##e# a# 'he- u#' %),e ') #.ea72 O,e!a%% i( I had i' ') d) a%%

),e! again? I <)u%d de(ini'e%- %),e <)!7ing <i'h 'he X'!e*e Edu"a')!#5 D!ea* 'ea*2




Rac#l 'a.sta""

T) a"")*.%i#h 'he 'a#7 gi,en <)!7ing in a g!)u. <a# ne"e##a!-$ i' "an a%#) +e a

"ha%%enge +e"au#e *e*+e!# ha,e ') e((e"'i,e%- ag!ee and ")).e!a'e2 I <a# .!i,i%eged ') ha,e

+een .a!' )( a g!)u. 'ha' <)!7ed a# a 'ea* and in d)ing #)? <a# ,e!- #u""e##(u%2 C)*+ining a%%

'he indi,idua% in#'!u"'i)na% *)de%# ') "!ea'e a ne< *)de% <a# n) ea#- (ea'2 &e *e' #e,e!a% 'i*e#

),e! S7-.e ') #'!a'egie 'he .a'h ()! 'he ne< *)de%2 A' 'i*e# i' <a# a (!u#'!a'ing .!)"e## +e"au#e

)u! idea# <e!e a%% ),e! 'he .%a"e2 8u' <e <e!e a ()"u#ed g!)u. and #) <e e,en%- di#'!i+u'ed

!)%e# 'ha' aided in %e##ening 'he <)!7 %)ad2 I' a%#) ()!"ed *e ') !e(%e"' )n *- )<n *)de% and

h)< i' ")u%d +e i*.!),ed2

The .!e#en'a'i)n <a# )u! de(ining *)*en'2 I <a# ")*.%e'ing una<a!e )( 'he Pe"ha

u"ha *e'h)d and had ') d) addi'i)na% !e#ea!"h ') +e (a*i%ia! <i'h i'2 I' <a# ui'e daun'ing ')

unde!#'and 'he ()!*a' and ne!,e !a"7ing ') !ea%ie <ha' <a# needed ()! 'he .!e#en'a'i)n2 Finding

'he !igh' .i"'u!e# ') ")*.%i*en' <ha' I <a# g)ing ') #a- <a# 'i*e ")n#u*ing2 M- g!)u. <a#

")**i''ed ') 'he +e#' .!e#en'a'i)n #) <e engaged in !e"u!!ing .!a"'i"e# ') a"")*.%i#h )u! g)a%

a# <e%% a# gi,e ea"h )'he! (eed+a"72 Thi# a#.e"' he%.ed *e in iden'i(-ing a!ea# <he!e *)!e e(()!'

<a# needed and in 'he .!)"e## +))#'ed *- ")n(iden"e2

I (ee% ()!'una'e ha,ing had 'he )..)!'uni'- ') +e a .a!' )( 'he X'!e*e Edu"a'i)na%i#'

+e"au#e i' <a# a .)#i'i,e g!)u. e.e!ien"e2 I +e%ie,e )u! 'ea* <a# #u""e##(u% +e"au#e )( )u!

")**i'*en' ') ea"h )'he!2

Ls#a Ro$rts

Thi# .!)e"' ha# a%%)<ed *e ') ,ie< in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign (!)* a di((e!en' .e!#.e"'i,e2 I

ha,e a%<a-# +een ")ndi'i)ned ') 'hin7 'ha' 'he '!adi'i)na% in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign *)de%# a!e 'he

)ne# 'ha' de#igne!# #h)u%d a%<a-# adhe!e ') and u'i%ie2 Thi# .!)e"' ha# de+un7ed 'ha' "%a##i"a%



FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL==

")ndi'i)n ()! *e2 I n)< 7n)< 'ha' de.ending )n -)u! <)!7 en,i!)n*en' -)u "an "!ea'e -)u!

)<n de#ign *)de% ') 'a!ge' %ea!ne!# in an e((e"'i,e and #-#'e*a'i" *anne! a# -)u de%i,e! -)u!

")n'en'2 Ou'%ining 'he ,a!i)u# di((e!en"e# and #i*i%a!i'ie# <i'hin ea"h 'ea* *e*+e!5# <)!7

en,i!)n*en' <a# '!u%- en%igh'ening ') *e a# I !ea%ied a# edu"a')!# <i'hin 'he Ca!i++ean <e

.!a"'i"e #i*i%a!%- a# <e%% a# )u! #)*e )( )u! di((e!en"e a!e e,en !e%a'a+%e2 I ha,e a%<a-# (e%' 'ha'

Ca!i++ean 'ea"he!# 'end ') ()%%)< a%)ng <i'h in'e!na'i)na% '!end# +e"au#e (i!#' <)!%d ")un'!ie#

#e' 'he '!end#2 H)<e,e!? <i'hin 'he Ca!i++ean <e a!e uniue <i'h !ega!d# ') 'he <a- )u! #"h))%#

a!e +ui%' and 'he <a- )u! 'ea"he!# .!a"'i"e gi,en )u! "u%'u!a% di((e!en"e#2 F)! in#'an"e du!ing 'he

.!)e"' I !ea%ied 'ha' Y)%ande5# #"h))% <a# ),e! #i'- -ea!# )%d and 'ha' i# 'he #a*e "a#e <i'h

)u! #"h))%# in T!inidad and T)+ag)? and 'ha' 'he age )( 'he #"h))% +ui%ding #)*e'i*e# i*.ede#

)u! e(()!'# ') in'eg!a'e ICT in 'he "%a##!))*#2 M)#' )( a%% 'hi# d)ing 'hi# .!)e"' ha# ).ened *e

u. ') .)##i+i%i'- )( ")n'inuing *- g)a% ') de,e%). an ICT in'eg!a'i)n *)de% ()! T!inidad and

T)+ag) .!i*a!- #"h))%#2

A# I ")n'inued ') !e(%e"' )n 'he .!)"e## )( ")*.%e'ing 'hi# .!)e"'? an)'he! 7e- a#.e"' )(

'he .!)e"' 'ha' I '!u%- a..!e"ia'ed <a# 'he a#.e"' )( g!)u. <)!72 I <a# ()!'una'e ') +e g!)u.ed

<i'h .ee!# 'ha' <a# de,)'ed ') en#u!ing a%% 'a#7# <e!e e((i"ien'%- and e((e"'i,e%- "!ea'ed )n 'i*e2

Ea"h .e!#)n <i'hin *- g!)u. ")n'!i+u'ed .!)du"'i,e%- and 'hi# <a# di#.%a-ed e,e!- 'i*e <e g)'

')ge'he! ()! )u! #7-.e *ee'ing# and Fa"e+))7 *e##enge! "ha'# a# <e de#igned 'he ne<

in#'!u"'i)na% *)de%? .%anned 'he .!e#en'a'i)n and *ade )u! .!e#en'a'i)n ') 'he "%a##2 I <a# #)

'han7(u% 'ha' <e .!a"'i"ed 'he da- +e()!e? and a (e< h)u!# +e()!e 'he .!e#en'a'i)n +e"au#e e,en

<hen 'e"hni"a% di((i"u%'- a!)#e <e <e!e a+%e ') ")n'inue )n <i'h )u! .!e#en'a'i)n2 Du!ing )u!

g!)u. <)!7 <e a"'ua%%- ()!*ed )u! (!iend#hi.# and ha,e ")n'inued ') !ea"h )u' ') ea"h )'he! ')

en#u!e 'ha' <e a!e a%% )n 'a!ge' <i'h )u! )'he! ")u!#e <)!7 and ")u!#e#2 Thi# <a# !ea%%-




a..!e"ia'i,e ()! *e +e"au#e I ha,e hea!d #) *an- h)!!)! #')!ie# a+)u' g!)u. <)!7 and I "an

.!)ud%- #a- 'ha' I didn5' ha,e 'ha' e.e!ien"e2 O,e!a%%? I en)-ed 'he e.e!ien"e )( de#igning a

ne< in#'!u"'i)na% de#ign *)de% and <)!7ing <i'h *- .ee!# du!ing 'he .!)"e##2




R"rncs

A*e!i"an A##)"ia'i)n )( S"h))% Li+!a!ian#2 392 AASL S'anda!d# ()! 'he 31#'Cen'u!-

Lea!ne!2 h''.:66a%a2)!g6a%a6*g!.#6di,#6 aa#%6guide%ine#and#'anda!d#6

%ea!ning#'anda!d#6AASL

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FINAL PROJECT: DESIGNING AN INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL=/

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Xtreme Educationalist Final Project

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