Www.ag-physics.org 1 The Origin of Mass: - Inertial Mass - München 2009 by Albrecht Giese, Hamburg...

www.ag-physics.org 1

The Origin of Mass: - Inertial Mass -

München 2009

byAlbrecht Giese, Hamburg

The Origin of Mass

1


Contents

1. The elementary particle is extended

- how do we know?

2. The inertia of an extended system

- the general mechanism

3. The inertial mass

- quantitative determination

4. The extended elementary particle

- the relation of this model to present particle theories

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The Origin of Mass


Particle Model

Arguments

Special Relativity: Cause of dilation

Magnetic moment in the presence of el. charge

Spin

“Zitterbewegung” of the electron

(consequence of the Dirac function)

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The Origin of Mass

Elementary particles are extended


“Zitterbewegung” (Schrödinger) Completed Structure of an Elementary Particle:

h/E

0m

cv

‘No conflict with the experiments

(de Broglie 1924)

(Dirac / Schrödinger 1928/30)

(Relativity)

2N (Momentum law)

orbit (Spin, mag. moment)

This is called here the Basic Particle Model valid for every elementary particle

The Origin of Mass

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Basic Mechanism of Mass

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The Origin of Mass

Every extended system has inevitably an inertial behaviour;

this is independent of any eventual mass of the constituents

Cause is the finite speed of light ‘c’

www.ag-physics.org /rmass 6

Static field of a point charge

‘

The Origin of Mass

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rU

1

U


Field of a moving charge

rU

1

rU

1

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The Origin of Mass

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rU

1

U


Static Bind of Two Particles

‘

302

r

rrqKF

Note: The binding force is the strong force

The Origin of Mass

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Bind of Particles at Distance

‘

302

r

rrqKF

The Origin of Mass

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Bind of Particles at distance in motion

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32

r

rqKF

Fr

rF

The Origin of Mass

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The Mass Equation

22 1

crkqCaF

‘

cRm

2cmE RcRchhE 2

The classical magnetic moment:

Rec 02

1

302

r

rrKqF

Or both equations combined:m

e

2

1 0 = Bohr magneton in case of the electron universally valid for all elem. particles

Radius R computed from the magnetic moment and then inserted above the correct mass m

universal for all elem. particles!

22 1

crkqC

a

Fm

2/rR

The Origin of Mass

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Or, the other way: from mel and µel Rel = 3.86*10-13 m; Dirac/Schrödinger: Rel 4*10-13 m


Mass and Increase of Mass

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Relativistic increase of mass: From R'RR mmm '

Spin:cR

m

cRm

Classical angular momentum

Putting the object to motion: 2cdmdE (popular ) 2cmE

is constant

The Origin of Mass

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cRm


The physical meaning of ħ and

22 1

crkqCm

‘

cRm

From the equations:

where

So Planck’s constant ħ is fully defined by the field strength of the Strong Interaction,and it defines the Strong Interaction

we get

which depends on the field constant of the bind and on natural constants (as ‘c’)

c

kqC

2

2

and

The fine structure constant is defined as follows:

20

04

1 e

0

20

4

e is the strength of the electric field

So, indicates the relation between the electric and strong field

The Origin of Mass

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Particle Model

Arguments

Special Relativity: Cause of dilation

Magnetic moment in the presence of el. charge

Spin

“Zitterbewegung” of the electron

(consequence of the Dirac function)

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‘

The Origin of Mass

Elementary particles are extended


Conflict with present particle

theories?

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‘

The Origin of Mass

Mainstream objections against this model:

1. Experiments at LEP (CERN) and HERA (DESY) have proven that elementary particles are

point-like

2. Basic Particle Model does not conform to QED and QCD. These theories have very precise

results and state point-like particles

3. The Higgs Model explains mass


Conflict with present particle theories?

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‘

The Origin of Mass

Objection 1:

“Experiments at LEP (CERN) and HERA (DESY) have proven that elementary particles are

point-like”

Argument: In case of an internal structure inelastic scattering would cause the particle to be

excited or decomposed.

Counter-argument:

A. With constituents without mass a decomposition is not possible

B. With constituents already moving at ‘c’ no excitation is possible



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The Origin of Mass

Objection 2: The Basic Particle Model is in clear conflict to QED and QCD. These theories have very

precise results and state point-like particles

So the model must be wrong.

Counter-argument:

Present theories (QED and QCD) are mathematical models with little physics within. They treat

an elementary particle as a black box – they describe certain properties of particles very

precisely, others not at all.

Historical example:

The Rydberg-Formula (1900) treated the atom as a black box

without an internal structure. Nevertheless it described the energy

levels of the atom very precisely

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mnRh


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The Origin of Mass


Objection 3: There is already a theory to explain mass: The Higgs Theory. – Nothing more is needed

Counter-argument:

A. The Higgs Theory assumes an a-priory mass for the Higgs boson. So it does not explain

mass from the scratch as is necessary

State 1: No mass State 2: Mass

Mass generating process

Higgs:

State 1:Higgs mass State 2: Mass??/New mass??

Mass generating process??

X


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The Origin of Mass


Objection 3 (cont.): There is already a theory to explain mass: The Higgs Theory. – Nothing more is needed

Counter-argument (cont.):

B. The Higgs Theory is only possible by use of the Standard Model and Supersymmetry

- The Standard Model has 19 free parameters for 12 independent particles

- Incl. SuSy there are 124 free parameters for 24 independent particles.

Is that a honestly usable theory??

C. No indication of the Higgs-Boson or of any SuSy particle was ever seen


Summary:

What is the explaining potential of this model?

The “Mass” of a particle The magnetic moment The constancy of the spin Newton’s law of motion Energy conservation (in mechanics)

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Special Relativity - Dilation - Increase of mass - Mass-Energy-Relation

The Basic Particle Model explains:

General Relativity / Gravity with - Dark Matter - Dark Energy - Quantum Gravity

The Origin of Mass

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www.ag-physics.org /gravity 21

The End

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The Origin of Mass

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