HARMFUL ALGAL STUDIES IN VIET NAM

Nguyen Ngoc Lam & Doan Nhu Hai Institute of Oceanography

Contains The HAB network Taxonomy

Potentially toxic species New records for Viet Nam

Toxicology (toxic species) Ecology & Autecology Future perspectives

• IMER, HUS, ION, ITB

•Tay Nguyen University (TNU)

• University of Da Lat (UDL)

• Institute of Biotechnology, IBT

• HCM - University of Science (HCMUS)

• Research Institute for Marine Fisheries (RIMF)

The HAB network in Viet Nam

Ha Noi

IMER

HUS

IO

ITB

HCM City

CHINA

LAOS

CAMBODIA

IBT

UDLTNU

HCMUNS

Taxonomy of HABs

A total of 70 species are recorded with distribution and seasonal abundance

One species was new to science and other two were renamed and emended A guide book for identification of HAB species has been published

List of potentially harmful species along Vietnamese coast, 2004

New record of HABs species in VN after 2004

Alexandrium 20 species were found in Viet Nam comparing with appr 31 species of the world, in which 5 species were firstly added for microalgal flora of Viet Nam; they are:Alexandrium foedum (Chu Van Thuoc, pers. Comm.)Alexandrium peruvianum (Nguyen-Ngoc, unbpl. data)Alexandrium satoanum (Nguyen-Ngoc et al. 2008)Alexandrium tamutum (Nguyen-Ngoc et al. 2008)Alexandrium taylori (Nguyen-Ngoc, unbpl. data)

Gambierdiscus 06 species were found in Viet Nam comparing with 10 species of the world, in which 6 species were firstly added for microalgal flora of Viet Nam; they are:Gambierdiscus belizeanus (Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc 2010)Gambierdiscus polynesiensis (Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc 2010)Gambierdiscus caribaeus (Ho & Nguyen-Ngoc 2014)Gambierdiscus pacificus (Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc 2010)Gambierdiscus carpenteri (Ho & Nguyen-Ngoc 2014)

New record of HABs species in VN after 2004

Pseudo-Nitzschia 13 species were found including 2 species were new recors for microalgal flora of Viet Nam; they are:Pseudo-nitzschia hasleana (Doan-Nhu et al 2012)Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima (Doan-Nhu et al 2012)

Other species (11 spp)Protoperidinium craspi Coolia tropicalisCoolia canariensisOstreopsis labensOstreosis siamensisProrocentrum arenarium, P. faustiae, P. fukuyoi, P. maculosum, P. sculptile, P. tropicalis(Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc, 2010; DMP unpubl data)

New records of HABs species in Viet Nam

Alexandrium peruvianum, found in Tra Vinh

Alexandrium tamutum, found in shrimp ponds

Alexandrium taylori found in coast of Phu Yen

Gambierdiscus belizeanus

New records of HABs species in Viet Nam

P. hasleana Lundholm 2012 P. pseudodelicatissima (Hasle) Hasleemend. Lundholm, Hasle & Moestrup2003

Taxonomy: fresh water- 51 cyanobateria species found in Tri An and Dau Tieng reservoirs in 2003-2004

(Dao et al 2008 and Do et al 2003)- 18 new records for Viet Nam: Coelosphaerium aerugineum, Merismopedia

cantonensis, Merismopedia hyalina, Microcystis botrys, Microcystis panniformis, Microcystis protocystis, Microcystis wesenbergii, Jaaginema sp., Pseudanabaena cf. moniliformis, Planktothrix isothrix, Planktothrix zahidii, Planktothricoides attenuata, Arthrospira massartii, Lyngbya sp., Anabaena viguieri, Anabaena laxa, Raphidiopsis mediterranea and Hapalosiphon cf. delicatulus (Nguyen TTL et al, 2007)

- New genus and new toxic species to scienceAnamia toxica Nguyen 2013

Nguyen TTL et al, 2013

Ecology and HABsLarge Scale Blooms Phaeocystis globosa (South Centre Viet Nam; North Viet Nam) Noctiluca scintillans (almost along the coast of VN, pink in the

north, green in the south) Trichodesmium spp. (offshore)

Small scale blooms Ostreopsis ovata Peridinium quinquecorne Alexandrium spp. Nitzschia sp.

Toxicology: Marine species

Species Toxins ReferencesGambierdiscus toxicus CTXs: P-CTX-3C; 2,3-di

OH P-CTX-3C; P-CTX-4A/B

Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc, 2010

Gambierdiscus pacificus P-CTX-3C; P-CTX-4A/B

Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Prorocentrum mexicanum OA, DTX1 Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc, 2010

Pseudonitzschia pungens Nontoxic (ELISA) Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Prorocentrum sp NT04 Toxic (MBA) Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Prorocentrum sp NT10 Toxic (MBA) Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Ostreopsis LHC01 Toxic (MBA) Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Coolia NT01 Toxic (MBA) Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Coolia NT01 Toxic (MBA) Doan-Nhu unpbl data

Toxicology: Freshwater species

Species Toxins ReferencesMicrocystis aeruginosa Microcystins Nguyen TTL 2007

Microcystis panniformis Microcystins Nguyen TTL 2007

Microcystis boltrys Microcystins Nguyen TTL 2007

Annamia toxica Microcystins Nguyen TTL 2007

Microcystis flos-aquae Non toxic but mcyA gene Nguyen TTL 2007

Arthrospira marssartii Non toxic but mcyA gene Nguyen TTL 2007

Cylindrospermopsis raciborckii Cylindrospermopsin Nguyen TTL 2007

Lake water (Tri An, Hue & north VN)

Microcystins Nguyen TTL 2007Thanh Son Dao (2010), Duong TT (2011)

Ecology and HABsModelling and ecology studies Phaeocystis globosa (Doan-Nhu etal 2010, Dipner et al, 2011;

Smith et al 2012; Xiao et al 2013, 2014, etc.)

Autecological studies

Alexandrium Pseudo-nitzschia

- Alexandrium affine- Coolia tropicalis; C. canariensis- Gambierdiscus belizeanus, G. pacificus, G. toxicus- Ostreopsis sp.- NT15- Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata, P. pungens; Pseudo-nitzschia spp.

References(Nguyen-Ngoc, 2004; Doan-Nhu et al, 2008; Ho et al 2010; Ho, Doan-Nhu & Nguyen-Ngoc, 2010; etc.)

Nguyen-Ngoc, 2004

Doan-Nhu et al, 2006

Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata

Future perspectives

Continuing the taxonomy work focus on applying molecular tecnology in identification of species

Isolating and culturing some potentially harmful microalgae for autecological, physiological and toxicity

Published (second edition) the monograph of benthic dinoflagellates (in English)

Publish (secon edition) the monograph of potentially harmful microalgae.

PROPOSE

Network of HABs for sharing the database of HABs Organizing the training course on taxonomy of Alexandrium