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Transcript of World Wide Strontium Contamination 1990
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MatthewA. Monett
March 1996
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EML-579
Worldwide Deposition of Strontium-90 through 1990
Matthew A. Monetti
Environmental Measurements Laboratory
U.S. Department of Energy
New York, N Y 10014-3621
March 1996
DISCLAIMER
Thisreportwas prepared asan account of wo rk sponsored by a n agency of the United States Government. Neither theUnited Sta tes Government no r any agency thereof, nor an y of their employees, makes an y warranty , express o r implied,o r assumes an y legal liability o r responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of a ny information,apparatus, product, o r process disclosed, o r represents that its use would not infringe privately own ed rights. Referencehere in to an y specific commercial product, process, o r service by trad e name, trademark , manufactu rer, o r otherwise,
does no t necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recomm endation, or favoring by the United Sta tes Governmentor an y agency thereof. Th e views an d opinions of auth ors expressed herein d o not necessarily state o r reflect those of theUnited States Gov ernment o r an y agency thereof."
Thisreport has been reprodu ced directly from the best available copy.
Available from the N ational Technical Information Service, U. S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port R oyal Road,
Springfield, Virginia 22161.
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able of Contents
T
....................................................................ntroduction 1
Methods ....................................................................... 2
Data Quality and Validation ........................................................ 3
........................................................................esults 5
Discussion ..................................................................... 6
Acknowledgements .............................................................. 8
References ..................................................................... 9
..................................................................ables 1-18 12. 3
Figure 1-3 .................................................................... 54 . 6
..1.
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ntroduction
IAs a result of increased atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons, concerns over the fate of radioactivity
released €?om these detonations and related implications to national security during the ‘‘arms race”, the
Environmental Measurements Laboratory (EML) initiated a program known s the G lobal Fallout
Program (GFP) in 1958. This program has been operated via one of the largest global sampling networks
ever assembled in the world. The GFP had over 140 sampling stations during the 1960s (Hardy, 1977).
From 1987to 1990, the network consisted of the 6 6 sites shown in Figure 1, and listed in Table 1along
with other site characteristics. The intent of the GFP was to obtain radionuclide deposition idormatio n
which could be used to address factors related to the global transport and fa te of radionuclides following
an atmospheric release. Around the same time that this program was being developed several other
global studies on fission-produced radioactivity were being pursued. These studies included investi-
gations of atmospheric transport and residence times inboth the stratosphere and the troposphere, soil
burdens, and the subsequent assimilation nto food and the human body. An essentially complete
understanding of the processes affecting the fa te of released radioactivity resulted, which helped to
identify the significance of this material to human health.
Since it is considered important to maintain a record of the global deposition, distribution and
inventory of fallout radioactivity, the GFP has remained an active program. Initially, GFP data included
several of the radionuclides produced during weapons testing. Strontium-90 was chosen as the primary
radionuclide of interest due to its unique properties. To begin with, %r isproduced with a relatively high
fission yield (3.7 PBq MCi per Megaton) during the detonation of nuclear weapons. Strontium-90 is also
an beta-emitting radionuclide with a fairly long half-life (28 years). Finally, 90Sr s readily incorporated
into the biosphere as a result of chemical properties it shareswith calcium, an essential element formost
organisms including human. Together these properties have important implications on the effect that
nuclear weapons fallout 90Sr an have on human health. Strontium-90 was considered the most important
radionuclide released during the atmospheric weapons testing based on worldwide health hazards
(UNSCEAR, 1982). Em’s ? S r deposition databaseis the most extensiveof its kind in the world.
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This report has been prepared to present additional new data that has been added to E m ’ s database.
Numerous documents similar to this one have been published regularly since the GFP began to provide
the scient%c co munity, policy-makers and the general public with information on radioactive fallout.
Three compilation reports have been published to date (Hardy 1977; Larsen, 1984a; Larsen, 1985). The
database now serves as a direct source of fallout records for contemporary investigations addressingradiological concerns. These records have also proven extremely useful for studiesin several other fields
that have utilized the unique and well-defined sourceof radioactivity as tracers ofdifferent p rocesses.
efhods
MThere have been very few changes in the procedures for the operation of the GFP since the years when
the %r database was firstgenerated. The same sampling devices are being used since the beginning of
the program. These include two different open containers, a stainless-steel pot and a polyethylene bucket,
and an ion-exchangeunit (see Table 1). The open containers are simple devices that collect all the
material which is deposited in them. The ion-exchange sampling unit performs a fis t-order extraction of
the bulk deposition at the sampling site. It consist of a funnel connected in series to a column packed
with Dowex-50 ion-exchange resin. The ion-exchangecolumn emoves the ? 3 r from the precipitationas
itpasses hrough the column. The sampling devices are exposed to collect a sample each calendar month,
except for at the Australian stations where the samplers are exposed for a 3-month (quarterly) period. Thearea exposed to bulk deposition ranges from 640 to 760 cm2 depending on which device is used. The
samplers and their operation are described inmore detail in EML’s Procedure Manual, Section2 (Chieco
et al., 1992).
The samples are sent to EML and prepared for analysis. The samples collected in pots and buckets are
passed through on-exchange columns in the laboratory. One column is used for each 3-month quarter of
samples. The sam ples collected with the ion-exchangeunits are composted into quarterly samples by
combining hree months of samples. The ? S r analyses are then performed on quarterly samples (prior to1976 the monthly samples were analyzed) by either EML or contractor laboratories. The radiochemical
methods used to process, separate and count the samples for
EML’s Procedures Manual, Section4 (Chieco et aZ. 1992). Blind quality control blanks and spiked
analysis are similar to those described in
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reference samples are included with each se t of samples and represent about 10% of the totalsamples
analyzed. The contractors are required tomeet specified criteria regarding agreement with quality control
samples and counting errors for all samples.
Once the data is obtained it i s evaluated for adherence to the contract specifications, converted toobtain values of ? 3 r deposition per unit area (Bq m"), and added to the %r deposition database. The
database is then used to update estimates of the total annual deposition and global burden of?3r. The
method used to determine these values has been described by Volchok (1965). Represen tative%
deposition values (Bq m") are derived for each lo-degree latitude band based on the site data averages.
Deposition values are obtained for the unsampled regions (north of 70% and south of 70 s) by
exbapolatingto a deposition of zero at the poles. The total
latitude band and then summed for a global total.
deposition (TBq) is calculated for each
ata Q uality and Validation
DAs already mentioned, the contractors must meet estab lished criteria to ensure that EML's database
represents the best quality possible. Table 2 shows the results of blank samples submitted to four
laboratories that performed analysis of samples collected from 1987 hrough 1990. The laboratories are
identified by letters to maintain anonymity. The number of results reported in Table 2 is proportional tothe total number of samples analyzed by that particular laboratory. The mean blank values for each of the
laboratories was below the established criteria set at 17Bq. One result reported by laboratoryA and two
results reported by laboratory C were above this limit, but the remainder of the results were generally well
below this value. The blank result of48.3 0.8 Bq was obtained due to difficulties encounteredin
processinga batch of samples. There is no apparent explanation for the other two high blank values.
.
Results of spiked reference samples are shown in Table 3. The contract specifies that the reported
values must bewithin
20% of the known quantity added to the sam ple as suggested by Harley (1961) andHardy (1973). All four of the laboratories had mean percent recovery values within this range, but again
some individual analyses did not meet this criteria. Three, nine and three of the reported values analyzed
by laboratoryA, C and D, respectively, were outside the contract limit. One of the values reported by
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laboratory C was in the same problem batch mentioned above. The apparent difficulty encountered with
the analyses of four samples by laboratory C and the three by laboratory Dinvo lved ashing of the samples
prior to transfer to the contractor. There is no obvious explanation for the remaining seven results that did
not meet the established criteria.
Another set of criteria that was established o help ensure the high qualityof%Srdata was limits for
relative counting errors. The relative counting errorlimits set in the analytical contracts areasfollows:
30% for resu lts greater than 17up through 34 Bq; 15% for results greater than 34 up through 83 Bq; 8%
for results greater than 83 up through 167 Bq; and 4 for results greater than 167 Bq. No limit is defined
for reported results of 17Bq and lower since these values are anticipated to be at or below the detection
l i t s . The superscript letters following the data inTable4 ndicate the relative counting errors. Few of
the reported results exceeded the limits described above.
In addition to the criteria establishedto ensure the quality of the data, the database has been evaluated
by directcomparisons with other programs. The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA)
also had a global program to investigate the deposition of radioactivity. This program w as also based on
a global network similarinsize o EML's GFP. The primary radionuclideof nterest in he UKAEA
program was 137Cs,ut estimates of %Srdeposition were typically estimated by using a mean to %Sr
ratio. Table 5 presents the UKAEA global %Srdeposition data fiom 1958 through 1990 (Playford et al.,
1993), along with EML's GFP data. The largest difference between the annual %Srdeposition databases
is 58% in 1970, but overall the data are in good agreement. EML's annual %Sr deposition values aregenerally higher than he UKAEA values during the early period (1958 through 1992) of these programs,
and the opposite is true during the later years. This comparison also indicates that E m s methodology is
more sensitive than the UKAEA's for determining the global %Srdepositionsince he UKAEA program
could only report upper limit values fiom 1982 through 1990. The cumulative %Srdeposit data shows
even better agreement than the annuaI deposition. The largest coefficientof variation in the cumulative
"Sr depositis 6 . It is likely that the differences between the two annual "Sr deposition databases can
be accounted for as a result of varying meteorological conditions at the sampling locations between the
networks Hardy et al., 1968). Both programs calculate global averages values based on a few individual
locations. Such an approach, although theoretically practical (Volchok, 1965), is certain o have some
unlcnownerror associated with it. The comparison between these two independent programs would
indicate that thiserror isnot great.
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Since the release of radionuclides during atmospheric weapons testing was well studied, other data is
also available for com parison. Feely (1977) matched the GFP-derived estimates of %Srdepositionwith
%Srdeposition expected as a result of the net loss of %Sr n the stratosphere during 197 4 o 1976. The
GFP estimate was 18% higher than the stratosphericloss. This is a good agreement since both estimates
are subject to uncertainties. Larsen (1984b) made a similar comparison with stratospheric %Srdata fiom1976 hrough 1982. Again, the results indicate that there is good agreement between the loss of%Sr fiom
the stratosphere and the global deposition values estimated by the GFP. These results indicate that the
overall uncertainty of the annual estimates of global %Srdeposition may be as high as 20%. This evel of
uncertainty would not significantly affect the interpretationor use of the GFP data.
R””’”Quarterly%Sr deposition (Bq m”) and precipitation (cm) data fiom 1987 through 1990 are rzported for
the individual sam pling locations shown in Table 4. The sites are listed in order of increasing distance
fiom 90”N latitude. Annual totals of the quarterly results are provided in the last columnofTable 4.
Tables 6 to 9 list the average %Srdeposited (l3q m”) in each 10-degree atitude band and the entire
world for theyea rs 198 7,19 88,1989 and 1990, respectively. Averages are provided for each quarter
alongwithan annual average. The number of sites used to calculate the average deposition are given next
to the values. The letter “E’, indicates that no results were available o determineanaverage for the
latitude band, so the average was calculated by extrapolationasmentioned in the Methods Section. The
average deposition data isused to calculate the total % Sr deposits (TBq) in the latitude bands and the
world shown in Tables 10 to 13for the years 19 87,1988 ,198 9 and 1990, respectively. These tables
present total deposition values fo r each quarter and a summation for the year. In Tables to 17, the totaI
annual %Srdeposition is added to the previous global data to obtain the cum ulative (decayed) burden of
%Sr (PBq) n each latitude band and the world for the years 1987,1 988,1 989 and 1990, respectively.
The data shows the cum ulative deposit at the end of each quarter. Figure 2 is a histogram showingthe
latitudinal distribution of the global %Srburden a t the end of 1990. The percent of the total global burden
present ineach 10-degree latitude band is also provided in this figure.
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Thetotalannual deposition (PBq) and fission yieldsof atmospheric weapons testing (MT) for the
Northernand Southern Hemispheres are reported in Table 18. This table lists data from the inceptionof
the GFP (1958) to the end of 1990. Figure 3 also displays someof the historical da ta available in the
GFP Figure 3A is a plot of the annual global ?S r deposition(PBq) iom 1958 to 1990. A graph of the
annual fission yields fiom atmospheric weapons testing fiom 1945 to 1990 is shown in Figure 3B, and a
graph of the cumulative global depositof%Sr (PBq) from 1958 to L990 is shown in Figure 3C. The value
(85.1 PBq) indicated in Figure 3C as the pre- 1958 ?Sr deposit was estimated fiom the fission yields of
tests conducted prior to 1957 by assuming that each Megaton of nuclear explosive power generates 3.7
PBq of 5 r .
iscussion
DThe bulk of the data in the GFP database has already been presented and interpreted in numerous
reports over theyears (e.g., M onetti and Larsen, 1991). As more data becomes availableit is compared
and appendedto he h istoric database.
The site specific %Srdeposition data in Table4 shows that the majority of the 1987 through 1990
values were low and indicate that there was no significant atmosphericsource of%Sron a global scale.
This is in agreement with the fac t that there were no announced atmospheric detonations or large-scale
nuclear accidents. Also he presence of fission products in the surface air sam ples collected around the
world was generally below the detection limit as noted in EML’s SurfaceAir Sampling Program (Larsen
and Sanderson, 1991). Thirty-seven percent of the quarterly %r deposition results reported in Table4
had a value of zero, and another 37% of the data had a value below 0.1 Bq m-2. The remaining 26% of
the results generally were low values with high uncertainties. The %Sr deposition reported a t these
locations may simply have been due to the resuspensionof previously deposited material. Some of the
higher results are more interesting and require other explanations. lthough the highest quarterly%Sr
deposition, 7.4 Bq m”, was observed in the sample collected inPeru during the third quarter of 1989, this
data is subject tohigherrors due to analfical difficulties. The next few locations in a seriesofdecreasing
quarterly %r deposition are all in Australia (Darwinduring the fourth quarterof 1987, Tow nsvile during
the third quarterof 1989 and Perth during the fourth quarter of 1987, with 6.2,2.1 and 1.8 Bq m”,
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respectively). The counting errors for these results were all low, but there were some unresolved
problems with the quality control samples analyzed with several of the Australian samples. If there has
been any a tmospheric source of 90Srother than resuspension at any of the sampling stations duringthis
period itwould have been of limited quantity and extent. More detailed studies would be necessary to
verify and identify potential radionuclide sources at specific locations of concern.
The averaged %Srdeposition data reported in Tables 6 through 9 reflect the individual site data. The
few elevated values resulted fiom the increased deposition at the individual locations noted above. There
is no apparent temporal or spatial pattern to suggest that any event resulted in a global atmospheric
release of radioactivity. The total %Sr deposited (Tables 10 to 13) during thisperiod of time was
insignificantrelative to the burden of %Srpresent at the time (Tables 14 to 17). The quantityof%Sr
deposited from 1987 to 1990 was the lowest it ishas been over any other 4-year period since the GFP
began. Since the total %Srdeposition was less than the decay of the %Srburden, the cumulative %Sr
deposit decreased from 1987 to 1990. At the end of 1990, the global burden of %Sr 311.4 PBq) was
lower than it has been in 27 years.
The bimodal latitudinal distribution of the global %Srburden shown in Figure 2 is a result of factors
controlling the transp ortof radioactivity released into the atmosphere. Atmospheric weapons tests
injected most of the radioactivity into the stratosphere (Bennett, 1978). Thismaterial tended to remain in
the stratosphere until the spring of the following year when it passed through the disruptions in the
tropopause at midlatitudes in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (UNSCEAR, 1982). Once in the
troposphere, the material was carried around the world within Hadley cells. The fallout radionuclides
were then deposited onto the earth's surface by both wet and dry deposition. This circulation pattern
maintained latitudinal bands ofpeak radioactivity at the midlatitudes.
Nuclear weapons testing began in 1945, but the total fission yields produced were low until the early
1950's (Figure 2B). Over 90%of the weapons testing occurred n the Northern Hemisphere since 1958,
but only 76%of the %Srwas deposited in the Northern Hemisphere (Table 18). Most of the %Sr
deposited in the Southern Hemisphere was from Northern Hemisphere tests and was transported across
the equator while it was in the stratosphere (Juzdan, 1988). Additionally, many of the tests conducted in
the Northern Hemisphere were performed near the equator (Carter and Moghissi, 1977). The peak of
weapons testing in 1962 resulted in the peak annual %Sr deposition in 1963 (Figure 2A). Another minor
peak in the annual%Srdeposition database during 1959 followed the increased testing the year before.
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The cur;lulative %Srdeposit increased sharply during the early 1960s because of the extensivetesting
conducted duringthis period. A moratorium on atmospheric weapons testing was observed since 1963 by
all the countries involved except for China. *Sincehis time, the fission yields have been low com paredto
the earlier testingyields. The annual global ?Sr deposition sharply decreased as a result of the 1963
moratorium. The cumulativeglobal deposit reached amaximum value (451.4PBq)in 1966 and was
maintained at this level for 6 years. Since 1972the cumulative %Srdeposit has been decreasingsince he
radioactive decay of the global 90Srburden has been greater than the amount released into the atmosphere.
The last atmospheric weapons test was performed by China at the Lop Nor te st siteon October 16,1980.
Most of the =Sr associated with this test was deposited in 1981. The %Srdeposited dining 1986 was due
to the Chernobyl accidentin the Ukraine Republicof the former Soviet Union. Strontium-90 was
dishiuted throughout the Northern Hemisphere, but the event was primarily of regional importancewith
greatest effectsinEurope. TheGFPwas able to provide some interesting information on the transpor t
and fate of this release (Monetti and Larsen, 1991). There was no significant global %Srdeposit fiom
1987 hrough 1990, and the cumulative deposit continued to decrease.
cknowledgments
AEML is extremely grateful for the support of the s ite operators who maintain the deposition sampling
stationsaround the world. Their efforts are greatly appreciated but often not formallyrecognized. We
would also like to thank all of those who aided us in establishing and maintaining the network. This
includes those individuals or groups who served as contacts to ensure that supplies and information was
relayed to the appropriate locations. This program could not have been accomplished without the
assistance of all these people.
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eferences
RBennett, B. G.
“EnvironmentalAspects of Americium”USERDA Report EML-348, December (1978)
Carter, M. and A. Moghissi
“ThreeDecades ofNuclear Testing”
Health Physics,a75 -7 1 July (1977)
Chieco, N. A., D. C. Bogen and E. 0.Knutson .
“EML Procedures Manual”HASL-3OOy27thEdition, Vol. 1, November (1992)
Feely, H. W.
“Worldwide Depo sitionof %Sr hrough 1976”
USERDA Report HASL-328, pp. 1-85-1-103, October (1977)
Hardy, E. P., Jr.
“AnalysisofQuality Control Samples at HASL and a Contractor Laboratory - during 1972”
USERDA Report HASL-268, January (1973)
Hardy, E. P., Jr.
“Final TabulationofMonthly ? S r Fallout Data, 1954- 1976”
USERDA Report HASL-329, October (1977)
Hardy, E. P., Jr., M. W. Meyer, J. S. Allen and L. T. Alexander
“90-Sron the Earth‘s Surface77Nature, 584-587 (1968)
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Wzley; J. H.
%mors inMeasurement”
USAEC Report HASL-105, January (1961)
J&Z.R
‘WorldwideDeposition of%Srthrough 1985”
USDOE Report EML-515, July (1988)
Larsen,R J.
“Graphic Presentation of Quarterly ? 3 r Fallout Data, 1954-1982”
USDOE Report EM L-424, January (1984a)
Larsen, R J.
lWorldwideDeposition of %Srthrough 1982”
USDOE ReportEML-430, June (1984b)
Larsen, R J.
‘Worldwide Deposition of%Sr through 1983”
USDOE Report EML-444, July (1985)
Larsen, R J. and C. G. Sanderson“EML Surface Air Sampling Program, 1989 Data”
USDOE Report E m -5 4 1 , August (1991)
Monetti, M. A. and R J. Larsen
“WorldwideDeposition of %Sr hrough 1986”
USDOE Report EML-533, April (1991)
Playford, K., J. Toole and I. Adsley“RadioactiveFallout inAir and Rain:Results to the end of 1991”
U. K. Atomic Energy Authority Report AEA-EE-0498, May (1993)
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UNSCEAR
“U.N. ScientificCommitteeon the EffectsofAtomic Radiation - 198 2 Reportto the General Assembly,
withAnnexes. IonizingRadiation: Sources and Biological Effects”
UnitedNations, New York (1982)
Volchok, H. L.
‘Worldwide Deposition of ?3r through 1964“
USAECReport HASE245, pp. 268-284, July (1965)
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TABLE 1
SAMPLINGLOCATIONSOF THE GFP FROM 1987 TO 1990
Elevation
Sampling Site Latitude Longitude (m) sampling unit
Faibanks, Alaska
Nome, Alaska
Keflavik, Iceland
Anchorage, Alaska
Cold Bay, Alaska
Moosonee, Canada
Vienna, Austria
Munich, Germany
Klagenfurt, Austria
Vermillion, South DakotaArgonne, Illinois
Wooster, Ohio
New York, New York
Lajes Field, Azores
Seoul, Korea
Hiroshima, Japan
WestLos Angeies, California
Birmingham, Alabama
Nagasaki, Japan
Kindley AEB, BermudaHouston, Texas .
Miami, Florida
Taipei, Taiwan
Lihue, Hawaii
Mauna Loa,Hawaii
Wake slandSan uan, Puerto.Rico
Johnston Island
Clark AFB, PhiIippines
Bangkok, Thailand
Anderson AEB, GuamYap Island
Panama Canal Zone
Truk Island
Koror Island
. Chester, New Jersey
64:49%
64:30 N
63:58 N
61:lOW
55:12 N
51:16 N
48: 15 N
48:08W
46:39W
42:47W41:42 N
40:48W
40:47 N
40:40 N
38:44 N
37:30W
34:23W
34:04W
33:30W
32:45 N
32:22 N29:45 N
25:49 N
25:05 N
21:59W
19:32W
19:17 N
18326 N
16:45 N
15:llW
13 44 N
13335%9:3 1W
8:55 N
7:28W
7:21 N
147:52 W
165:30°W
22:36W
14959 W
162:43 W
80:89 W
16:22%
11:35%
14:20%
. 96:56 W88:OO W
74:40 W
81:50 W
74:OO W
27:04 W
127:00 E
132:27 E
118:27 W
86:55 W
12952%
64:3low95: 17 W
80: 17 W
121:31%
159:2 1 W
155:31 W
166:39 E
66:OO W
169:32 W
120:33%
100:30 E
144:55 E138:08 E
79;3 6 W
151:51 E
134:31%
143
7
56
27
31
10
203
1000
448
372192
268
367
56
112
50
23
125
183
61
822
4
50
35
3401
3
10
0
10
23
18518
10
2
31
Ion-Column Exchange
77
7Y
77
77
77
7)
7,
77
OpenPot
Open Bucket
Open Pot
Open Bucket
Ion-Exchange Column
Open Pot
77
Y7
77
77
Ion-Exchange ColumnY7
77
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange ColumnOpen Pot
Ion-Exchange ColumnY Y
77
77
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange Column77
7
77
77
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TABLE 1 (Cont'd)
SAMPLING LOCATIONSOF THEGFPFROM 1987 TO 1990
Elevation
Sampling Site Latitude Longitude (m) Samplingunit
Major0 Island
Ponape Island
Karawa, Zaire
Mbandaka, Zaire
Kikuyu, Kenya
Belem, Brazil
Guayaquil, Ecuador
Lima, Peru
Darwin, Australia
Tutuila, American SamoaChacaltaya, Bolivia
Harare, Zimbabwe
Suva, Fiji
Townsville, Australia
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Antofagasta, Chile
Pretoria, South Afiica
Easter Island, Chile
Brisbane, Australia
Durban, South Afiica
Perth, AustraliaSantiago, Chile
Sydney, Australia
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Adelaide, Australia
Me1bourne, Australia
Wellington, New Zealand
Puerto Montt, Chile
Hobart, Australia
Punta Arenas, Chile
Antarticia, Chile
07:05%
0658%
03:14%
00:03%
01:13 S
01 27 S
02: 10 s
12:Ol S
12:28 S
14:16 S16:21 S
17:48 S
18:09 S
19:18 S
2254 s
23 :37 S
25:45 S
27: 10 s
27:28 S
2952 s
3 157 s33:27 S
3352 s
34:37 S
3456 s
37:49 S
41:17 S
41:26 S
42: 53 "S53:OO S
6256 s
171:23%
1 8: 13 E
020: 17 E
01 8:28 E
036:3 8%
048:29%
079:52 E
077:07 E
130:51 E
170:43 W068:08 W
03 103 E
178:25 W
146:48 E
043:13 W
070:25 W
028: 14 E
109:26 W
1 53 :02 W
030:59 E
1 15:51 E070:42 W
151 12 E
058:26 W
138:35%
144:58%
174:46 E
073:07 W
147:ZO E
07O:5O0W
060:36 W
3
38
750
350
2074
8
7
30
30
775222
1495
11
4
9
30
1369
41
42
156
64520
42
20
43
47
34
110
54
74
16
Ion- ExchangeColumnY
Y
YY
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange ColumnYY
YY
YY
Open BucketIon-Exchange Column
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange Column
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange Column
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange Column
Open Pot
Ion-Exchange Column
YY
YY
YY
YY
YY
YY
YY
>Y
YY
YY
Y Y
Y
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TABLE 2
RESULTS OF QUALITY CONTROL BLANK SAMPLES SUsIvQTTED WITHSAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1987TO 1990
(ml3q %Sr per Samplef Standard Deviation)
Laboratory A" . Laboratory Bb Laboratoryc Laboratory Dd
0.0 f 1.7 2.2k 6.0 0.Of 6.7 . 0.OA 1.7
0.0 .7.0 f 1.7 3.7 .0 1.7f 8.30.0 .3 7.8f 2.9 1.7 f16.7 0.0f 1.73.3 .7 5.0f 4.2 1.7 .7
0-Of 5.8 0.0 .7143.3 .70.0f 5.0 1.7f 1.73.3 .70.3f 4.2 0.0f 1.76.7 .7
11.73~ .7 0.0f 3.3 0.0f 1.70.0f 1.7 3.3f 2.5 1.7f 3.3
0 0f 1.7 6.7* 3.3 6.7 .30 0 .7 0.Of 9.2
1O.Of 3.3
8.3f 3.3
16.7f 2.50.Of 5.8
1.7f 1.70.Of 4.20.Of 7.50.0f10.80.Of 2.50.Of 1.7
5.0f 1.71.7f 5.8
0.Of 6.748.3 f10.83.3 1.73.3f 8.3
1.7f 3.3
1.7f 5.05.0f 1.71.7f 1.70.Of 5.8
25.0f 2.50.Of 0.8
0.0 .7 8.7f 2.8 16.7f 3.3 3.3 3.3
a Mean Blank Value= 12.5f 40.7bMeanBlankValue= 5.6f 3.1
Mean Blank Value = 4.9f 9.4Mean Blank Value = 1.3f 2.0
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TABLE 3
RESULTS OFQUALITYCONTROLREFERENCE SAMPLES SUBMETEDWITHSAMPLES COLLECTEDFROM 1987TO 1990
(mBq ?3r per Sample tandard Deviation)
Added Reported Recovered Added Reported Recovered
55.0
60.0
53.3
98.3
53.3 f 1.7
56.7f 5.0
43.3f 5.0
75.0 .7
Mean Recovery= 117 0
60.5
82.7
55.0 .0
78.3 .4
Mean Recovery = 92
bboratorv - C
41.7
75.0
46.7
68.351.720.0
83.3
33.3
70.0
60.0
61.7
23.3
120.0
61.7
51.790.0
25.0
45.0f 12.5
80 O f 5.0
45.0% 5 0
65.0f 6.761.7f 5.0
23.3f 5.0
88.3 8.3
36.7f 5.0
61.7f 4.2
63.3 8.3
76.7f 5.8
30.0f 4.2
131.7f 12.5
60.03~ .2
58.3 5.881.7f 3.3
2O.Of 4.2
95
95
81
76
91
95
108
107
90
91116
116
106
110
88
106
124
129
110
97
11391
80
106.7
108.3
80.0
85.7
58.5
25.0
46.7
60.0
78.335.0
53.3
75.0
23.3
70.0
43.3
21.7
66.7
25.0
28.3
41.751.7
55.0
88.3 f 1.7
161.7f 1.7
193.3f 1.7
76.5 .9
54.2 .7
23.3 5.0
45.0f 5.0
51.7f 2.5
78.3f 4.245.0f 5.0
63.3 5.8
73.3 0.0
45.0 2.5
76.7zk 5.0
50.0A 3.3
30.0f 3.3
56.7f 3.3
2O .Of 6.7
11.74~ 1.7
13.3 3.321.7f 1 7
23.3f 1.7
84
149
242
89
93
93
96
86
100129
119
98
197
110
115
138
85
80
41
3242
42
Mean Recovery = 100
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TABLE3 (Cont’d.)
Added Reported Recovered Added Reported Recovered
70.0 60.0 3.3 86 30.0 31.7 .7 113
40.0 36.7f 3.3 92 43.3 40.0 .3 93
40.0 28.3 .3 73 58.3 60.0 .3 101
41.7 26.7f 3.3 63 76.7 71.7 .3 94
51.7 51.7f 6.7 100 120.0 126.7 .0 107
103.3 95.0 It10.0 91 45.0 35.0 .3 75
75.0 65.03~ .7 87
Mean Recovery = 90f 14
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TABLE 4
INDIVIDUAL AMPLING LOCATIONS FROM 1987 TO 1990
QUARTERLY 0 ~ rEPOSITION pq m-2) AND PRECIPITATION ( ~ m )DATAFOR
’4
. g3d
Quarter A n n U d
TotalYear First Second W i d Fourth
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . .
90SrDeposition , . . .
Precipitation . . . . .
1988
1989
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . . . .987
90SrDeposition , . . .Precipitation . . .90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation . . . . . .90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . , .Precipitation . . . . . .90SrDeposition , , . .Precipitation . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . , .
Precipitation . . . . .
11990
1987
1988
1989
1990
1987
1988
1989(d
1990
0.0
5.5
0.0
1.5
0.1
4.1
0.0
3.4
e0.1
5.0
0.3 e
6.9
0.2
8.5
0.15.4
0.6
39.3
0.1
29.3
f
f
C
f
0.0 g
34.5
0.0
26.2
f0.0
3.3
0.1
10.1
0.0
9.1
0.0
5.6
e
f
f
e0.1
2.7
0.0
6.7
0.0
10.3
0.0 .
f
10.8
f0.0
18.8
0.0
25.5
0.0
31.3
0.0
22.3
0.0 e
7.2
0.3
9.4
0.0
6.1
0.1
25.9
d
h
f
0.0
13.6
0.1
14.5
0.2
25.9
f
0.2 e27.0
e0.3
14.0
0.0
12.6
0 0 g
29.8
0.0
32.2
0.2 e
3.9
0.0
5.2
0.0
7.5
0.1
12.1
f
f
e
0 0
9.4
0.0
5.3
0.1
8.0
0.113.2
f
e
0.2 e
37.1
0.1
41.1
0.0
25.6
0.1
41.7
f
e
0.2
19.9
0.4
26.2
0.1
26.8
0.2
47.1
0.2
30.7
0.4
33.4
0.5
52.6
0.356.3
1.1
109.2
0.1
108.5
0.0
121.2
0.1
122.3
Notes: - ndicatesthat no data is availableItalized numbers indicate the data s estimatedthrough extrapolationorappro-onRelative errorsof 90Sranalyses are givenas: a = 0 to 1 , b = >1 to 5 , c= >5 to 10%,d = >10 to 20 ,e = >20 to SO , f = >50 to loo , g =>loo , h = can not be determinedsince reported value is zero.
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
cd
Bi
25
U6a3e
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
f0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . . 5.8 4.5 10.7 14.2 35.2
0.1 0.0 0.3.00SrDeposition . . . , 0.3
Precipitation . . . . . . 3.4 4.3 14.4 14.2 36.3
0.2 0.0 0.2
70.5
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1
f:li:90SrDeposition , . . . - 0 f
Precipitation . . . . . . 1.7 10.8 42.1 15,91989
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0 0.0 - - 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 8.5 6.5 15.9 29.7 60.5 .
0.3.00SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 24.1 22.3 25.5 26.8 98.7
0.1 0.0 0.3.00SrDeposition . . . , 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . . 19.7 15.8 20.5 34.6 90.4
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.3
Precipitation . , . . . . 15.9 17.5 31.4 27.4 92.3
0.1
1990
e0.0 e 0.3
1987
e
1988
f0.090SrDeposition . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 20.3 14.7 29.5 31.1 95.51990
0.5o~r~eposi t ion . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 10.8 18.7 29.8 19.9 79.2
0.30SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . 7-5 7.4 23.8 19.5 58.2
f0.10.20.2
1988
e - e0.0 0.2 0.1
,1989
f e e0.0 0.2 0.2 0.40SrDeposition . . . , 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 5-5 14.6 35.4 14.5 70.0
g.T 987
0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . . 10.1 25.1 25.5 15.3 76.0
e0.190SrDeposition . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.11 1990
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TABLE 4 Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
- d90SrDeposition . . . , 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . . 20.71987
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . 15.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 6.7
1988
1989
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 10.9
1990
d90SrDeposition . . . . 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . 19.41987
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation , . . . . . . 24.2
90SrDeposition . . , . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 10.0
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0Precipitation . . I . . . 14.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 16.7
90SrDeposition . , . . 0.2 e
Precipitation . . . . . . 12.4
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1m 1989
Precipitation . . . . . . 8.0M
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0i Precipitation . . . . . . 38.1
1988
h1'a 1989
f
1990
d
1987
1988
f
-
1990
f0.0
24.4
0.0
10.4
0.1
26.9
0.1
19.9
e
e
e
e0.1
29.3
0.2
23.3
0.1
26.9
0.0
31.5
e
f
0.0
23.5
0.1 e
21.3
0.1
15.8
0.1
27.2
e
e
f0.3
18.8
0.2
21.4
0.1
24.8
0.1
13.4
d
e
e
e0.2
34.4
0.0
27.8
0.4
29.9
0.127.1
f
e
e
0.0
26.5
0.0 f
36.7
0.1
101.7.
0.1
20.8
e
e0.3
12.1
0.1
13.0
0.5
5.6
0.1
12.8
f
e
f0.1
14.5
0.1
16.4
0.0
19.6
0.122.7
0.1
24.9
0.2 e
7.3
0.0
10.5
0.2
31.3
f
0.8
76.0
0.5
60.3
0.9
63.9
0.3
57.0
0.7
97.6
0.4
91.7
0.5
86.5
0.295.9
0.2
91.6
0.4
77.6
0.3
136.0
0.4
117.4
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
f0.4.00SrDeposition . . . . 0.3
Precipitation . . . . . . . 4.1 14.7 24.9 4.3 48.0
0.80SrDeposition . . . . 0.5
17.3 21.9 3.7 48.9recipitation . . . . 6.1
0.30SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . 3.0
90SrDeposition . . , . 0.0
Precipitation . 5.5
0.10.01987
f0.10.0 e 0.1
1988
h
l0.0 0.2 0.0.3 38.6
23.41989
10.9
0.0
I0.1.0 0.0
28.7 20.6 6.0 60.7
f
1990
0.5.30SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 10.7 17.1 56.5 20.5 104.8
f0.20.0T 987
0.2.20SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 13.6 11.0 25.0 39.8 89.4
0.10SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 8.3 8.6 43.4 15.5 75.8
0.2.10SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 18.6 33.4 26.9 29.5 108.4
f0.00.0
h0.0 0.0 0.0
1989
f0.1 0.01990
0.40SrDeposition , . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 25.0 23.4 46.8 25.6 120.8
f0.0 0.00.4T 987
0.2.00SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 22.6 23.7 41.9 26.1 114.2
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1 0.1 0.0 e 0.3.1
Precipitation . . 15.7 57.9 55.6 16.9 146.1
0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . . 23.2 44.7 39.2 39.3 146.4
f0.1 0.1
f
egOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1
1990
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
0
20
er
8
2
Quarter Annual
TotalYea r First Second Third Fourth
d90SrDeposition . , , . 0.4
Precipitation . . . . 14.9
90SrDeposition . . . , 0.1
1988
Precipitation . . . . . . 17.81989
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 9.51 1987
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 16.5
11990
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 27-1
I 90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 21.31988
g90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 15.51989
90SrDeposition . . . . -Precipitation . . . . . . 28.71
1990
e90SrDeposition . , . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 68.9987
90SrDeposition . . , . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 22.2
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 19.4
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 28.3
1989
f
1990
d0.5
26.2
0.0
11.8
0.1
35.0
0.1
28.0
f
f
f
0.0
31.2
0.1
20.9
f
-
59.2
0.142.5
e
0.0
27.5
0.0
19.9
0.0
27.7
0.0
21.7
d0.2
20.0
0.1
32.3
0.0
17.2
0.0
43.5
e
h
0.0
31.6
0.3
30.3
d
-
52.0
0.146.0
e
f0.0
26.1
0.0
7.1
0.0
10.8
0.0
18.5
h
d0.5
8.6
0.1
16.8
0.1
68.6
* h0.0
36.9
f
e
0.0
22.3
0.1
29.3
f
-
28.2
0.137.5
e
0.1
36.4
0.0
49.4
0.0
52.9
0.2
37.7
f
e
1.3
64.3
0.5
75.8
0.2
138.6
0.1
124.8
0.0
112.2
0.6
101.8
0.0
154.9
0.4154.7
0.2
158.9
0.0
98.6
0.0
110.7
0.3
106.1
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$
2
*..l
d90SrDeposition . . . . 0.4
Precipitation . . . . 13.7
90SrDeposition . . . , -
1988
Precipitation . . . . . . 26.6989
TABLE 4 Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
Total
Year First Second Third Fourth
0.0 0.0 0.1 0.10SrDeposition . . . , 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 10.5 27.6 115.7 21.2 175.0
f
f 987
0.4
121.3
-
26.0
-
52.8
0.0
41.6
0.0
112.8
h
-28.8
0.1
19.1
0.1
48.9
f
0.0
36.0
0.1
123.3
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 18-2
11990
e0.1
47.7
0.2
227.6
f90SrDeposition . . , . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 26.3987
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 28.3988
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 31.9
c
l-.-n 1989
e0.1
52.0
0.0
54.4
e0.2
85.3
0.1
3 8.2
0.1
70.9
0.151.6
f
f
f
0.0
23.8
0.3
8.3
e
0.3
187.4
0.4
129.2
0.0
15.6
0.066.2
f
0.0
45.4
0.137.1
e
0.2
163.8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0Precipitation . . . . . 40.2
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
' 1 ' 7 988 90SrDeposition . . . . 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . 8.8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
a Precipitation . . . . . 10.0
11990
e
Precipitation . . . . . . 10.5
e
rn0-
1989
Y
0.2195.1
f0.0
0.4
0.0
7.4
0.1
0.1
f
e0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
20.1
0.0
15.2
f
0.0
31.3
0.2
31.5
0.0
0.6
e0.1
2.7
0.3
13.4
f0.1
5.3
f90SrDeposition , . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 16.7- i 1990
e0.1
0.1
0.0
4.1
0.2
26.2
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
m3
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 46.91988
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 41.81987
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 23.51988
e90SrDeposition . . . , 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 39.11989
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 50.61990
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 32.3
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 23 €
3 90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0% 1989z Precipitation . . . . . . 39.2
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 44.1
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 55.2
1987
1988
f
1990
f
g87
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 20.5
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
1989
Precipitation . . . . . . -990
e0.0
27.9
0.0
15.6
0.0
52.7
0.0
22.2
e
f0.0
59.8
0.0
69.0
0.0
48.6
0.1
74.0
e
f
0.0
22.7
0.0
36.5
0.0
25.4
0.0
f
U
-
h0.0
17.8
0.3
32.4
0.0
40.2
0.0
14.7
d
f
0.0
121.0
0.0
48.7
0.0
98.8
0.0
44.2
0.0
49.1
0.1
29.1
0.0
6.8
0.0
e
h
-
f0.2
17.5
0.0
32.2
0.1
24.9
0.0
31.7
0.1
13.7
0.1
10.1
0.0
38.0
0.1
21.7
f
e
0.0
20A0.1
30.3
f
-
-
e0.1
-
0.2
105.0
0.5
103.6
0.2
156.9
0.1
119.3
0.1
226.8
0.1
151.4
0.0
224.6
0.2
184.0
0.0
147.4
0.1
142.9
0.0
52.6
0.1
0.0
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . 20.7987
d90SrDeposition , . . . 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . . . 18.9988
90SrDeposition , , . , 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 25.6989
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 31.41990
d90SrDeposition . . . , 0.1
Precipitation . . . 18.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.2
Precipitation . 7.3
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.2
Precipitation . . 5-8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
1987
f
1988
e
1989
f
precipitation . . . . . . . 9.4990
-
d90SrDeposition , . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 17.4T 987
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 45.2988._
egOSrDeposition . . . . 0.2
Precipitation . 20.0
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.3
1989
d
precipitation . . . . . . . 47.51990
d0.1
38.6
0.1
11.6
0.0
80.4
0.0
26.0
f
f
f
e0.0
27.6
0.0
42.1
0.1
35.5
0.0
54.8
f
-
-
0.2 e
87.4
0.0
54.6
0.0
64.4
d0.0
24.8
0.1
20.2
0.0
32.5
0.0
22.0
e
h
0.0
22.2
0.1
55.6
0.0
58.2
0.0
48.0
f0.1
-f
0.1
117.6
0.0
125.7
-
90.0
d0.2
17.9
0.1
7.5
0.0
16.5
0.0
21.8
f
e
h
0.0
34.4
0.1
6.0
0.2
13.7
0.1
19.1
e
e
f0.2
48.7
0.2
28.2
0.0
27.0
0.1
11.6
f
f
e
0.3
102.0
0.4
58.3
0.1
155.0
0.0
101.2
0.1
102.8
0.3
111.0
0.4
113.1
0.2
131.3
0.0
66.1
0.4
278.3
0.2
227.2
0.4
213.4
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
a
3-rn
4
Quarter A n n U a l
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 5.11988
90SrDeposition . . . . -
Precipitation . . . . . . 6.71989
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 16.91987
90SrDeposition , . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . 35.31988
e90SrDeposition . . . , 0.2
Precipitation . . . . . 50.7
90SrDeposition , . . . 0.0
1989
Precipitation . . . . . . . 36.7
990
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . a . 3.7
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.2f
Precipitation . . . . . . . 12.5988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 18.3
90SrDeposition . ., .
0.0Precipitation . . . . . . . 54.5
1989
1990
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 4.6f 9 8 7
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0 g
Precipitation . . . . . 28.21 1990
e0.1
17.8
0.0
15.1
0.0
11.5
0.0
14.5
C
e0.0
9.1
0.0
5.7
0.0
25.5
0.0
0.3
e
f
0.0
11.8
0.0
14.3
-
17.5
0.0
21.4
f
0.0
21.2
0.0
16.1.
0.0
27.6
0.0
12.2
0.0
10.6
0.0
6.4
0.1
13.9
0.17.5
f
e
0.2 e
21.5
0.1
20.0
f
-
13.6
0.1
37.4
e
0.0
55.3
0 0
43.0
0.1
35.6
0.0
36.6
f
f
e
0.0
38.6
0.0
17.0
0.0
9.9
0.0
44.9
f
0.2 e
0.2 e
26.0
17.3
0.0
4.4
0 0 g
30.9
0.1
111.2
0.1
109.4
0.3
125.5
0.1
100.0
0.0
62.0
0.2
41.5
0.1
67.6
0.1107.2
0.4
63.9
0.2
56.7
0.0
42.1
0. I
117.8
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
Total
Year First Second Third Fourth-
carn
0.0 0.0 0.1.10SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 2 1.7 73.4 18.7 45.4 159.2
e
1987
90SrDeposition . . . , 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 20.0988
90SrDeposition , . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 26.0
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
1989
Precipitation . . . . . . 27.2990
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 5-6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
1987
e
Precipitation . . . . . . . 15.61988
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 18.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0Precipitation . . . . 9.7
90SrDeposition . . . , 0.0
Precipitation . . . 0.1
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
1= 1989
c
1990
e
1987
Precipitation . . . . . . . 9.6988
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 6.7
90SrDeposition . . . , 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 1.6
19892a-
g
1990
0.0
45.4
e0.0
40.8
0.1
19.8
f
0.0 ~
9.9
0.0
9.3
0.0
23.5
0.06.6
h
0.0
39.2
0.0
56.7
0.0
89.6
0.1
69.8
f
0.1
52.8
0.1
77.7
0.1
29.0
e
0.0
9.7
0.0
23.8
a0.0
19.0
0.114.7
f
e0.2
84.9
0.0
63.0
0.1
86.9
0.1
136.9
f
e
0.1
35.2
-- --29.9
0.1
47.7
f
0.1
33.0
0.1
33.O
0.0
54.4
0.023.9
f0.0
24.0
0.1 g
51.4
0.0
29.5
0.1
22.9
f
e
0.1
153.4
0.1
174.4
0.4
123.8
0.1
58.2
0.2
81.7
0.1
115.5
0. I54.9
0.2
148.2
0.1
180.6
0.1
212.8
0.3
231.2
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 7.41987
90SrDeposition . , , . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 9-91988
f90SrDeposition . . , , 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 11.21989
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 0 4
1990
-e
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation 29-1
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.2e
precipitation . . . . . . . 24.9
gOSrDeposition , . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 30.8
90SrDeposition. .
..
0.0Precipitation . . . . . 47-8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . 32.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . 25-6
1990
f
1987
gSg
1988
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . 70.81989
90~r~eposit ion . . . , 0.0 g
Precipitation . . . 29.811990
f0.1
48.6
0.0
64.0
0.1
38.2
0.1
29.6
f
f
e
e0.0
8.9
0.1
32.5
0.0
53.5
0.030.7
f0.1
50.3
0.0
55.0
0.2
40.2
0.0
105.0
e
f
e0.1
51.4
0.0
98.0
e0.1
76.7
e0.1
59.1
e0.0
80.8
0.0 l2
86.3
0.8 l2
103.7
0.1102.6
e
0.1
113.8
0.2
85.7
e
e0.8
127.4
0.0
125.9
0.2 e
32.3
0.1
40.6
e
f0.0
31.3
0.1
42.4
e
f0.2
70.8
0.1
57.4
0.0
66.5
e
0.179.4
f0.1
40.0
0.2
101.8
f
f0.0
74.4
0.1
48.8
e
0.4
139.7
0.1
212.6
0.3
157.4
0.4
131.4
0.2
189.6
0.3
201.1
0.8
254.5
0.2260.5
0.2
236.7
0.4
268.1
0.9
312.9
0.1
309.5
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0
83se
ue
%PC
90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation . . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation . . . . . .
1988
1989
TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 9.5T 9870.0 0.0
61.0 70.6
0.1
47.7 86.8
0.0 0.0
24.3 38.1
f0.2
0.0
47.2
0.1
50.3 191.4
f0.1
0.0
2.1
0.0
9.7
.o.o
66.3
0.3
202.9
0.0
38.6
0.0
110.8
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . . . .1990
0.0
2.3
e0.1
57.1
e0.1
58.9
0.2
165.4
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 45.2'-f- 987
f0.2
81.4
0.0
99.2
0.1
71.4
f
0.0
90.8
0.0
78.0
0.2
3 16.6
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 33.11988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 67.01989
90SrDeposition .. .
. 0.0Precipitation . . . . . . 62.9
1990
0.1
106.2
0.4
288.7
f0.0
76.1
e0.1
116.7
0.089.9
a0.0
97.8
0.182.4
e
0.1
357.5
h
0.063.4
0.1298.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . . 52.81987
-.0.0
100.6
0.0
107.6
0.0
170.3
0.0
105.7
f0.1
90.2
0.1
92.2
0.1
413.9
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . . 54.11988
90Sr Deposition
Precipitation1989
0.2
359.6
. . . . o . o g
. . . . . . 93.9
e0.1
69.5
0.0
116.4
f
e0.0
115.1
0.0
72.4
0.1
86.2
e
0.1
350.9
0.0 g
107.7
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 52.5999
0.1
362.7
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
og
4.dd
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation . . . . . . .
988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation 54.51987 . . . . . . .
90SrDeposition f. . . . 0.1
Precipitation 58.41988
. . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation 52.9
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
1989. . . . . .
Precipitation 54.81990
. . . . . . .90SrDeposition . , . ,
Precipitation . . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . . . . .
1987
1988. . . . . . .
1989. . . . . .
1990
90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation
T 1987. . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .Precipitation . . . . . .
1989
1990
0.0 e
124.4
0.0
59.2
0.0
157.3
0.0
93.3
f
--
--
-
-
--
e0.0
66.3
0.0
55.6
0.1
72.8
0.0
84.8
0.0
145.7
0.1
129.1
0.1
150.5
0.1
138.6
d
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
e0.2
103.2
0.0
98.5
0.1
109.6
f
-78.9
0.1
137.9
0.0
93.2
0.0
139.3
0.1
140.8
f
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.0
86.8
0.1
98.3
0.0
109.2
- f0.1
81.8
0.2
129.9
0.1
136.7
0.0
160.5
0.0
117.8
f
h
-
-
-
-
e0.2
22.2
--
0.2
3 10.8
0.2
310.8
0.3
344.5
0.1
300.3
0.3
537.9
0.1
418.2
0.1
607.6
0.2
490.6
--
--
0.2
22.2
--
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.36
%
H
-0
5
90SrDeposition . . . ,
Precipitation . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . .
Precipitation - . . . .
1988
1989
-'=m
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . 1 15.31988
E
f
0c
e90SrDeposition . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 124.41989
TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
Total
Year First Second Third Fourth
90SrDeposition . . , , - - - - -T 987 Precipitation . . . . - - - - -
h0.0
11.6
d0.2
20.5
f0.0
27.0
0.0
74.1
0.2
133.3
90SrDeposition .. . . .
Precipitation . . . . . .1990
d0.5
42.5
0.0
79.7
0.0
47.2
0.0
5.2
0.0
8.7
f
0.0
21.2
0.2
18.9
e
gOSrDeposition. . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 11.6
90SrDeposition . , . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 27.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 28.7
1987
e
1988
fa
1989
0.5
80.5
0.2
134.9
0.0
14.9
0.0
113.6
-22.8
h0.0
24.390SrDeposition . .
, , 0.0Precipitation . . . . . . 33.5
1990 0.049.9
0.14.8
0.1
112.4
f0.0
41.5
0.1
63.1
0.0
60.9
0.6
53.6
d
d90SrDeposition , . . . 0.3
Precipitation . . . . . . 128.2T 987
e0.1
65.1
0.2
93.5
d
1.4 e
30.0
0.3
86.7
e
1.7
264.8
0.6
358.5
0.0 g
128.4
0.1
82.0
f
d0.5
64.1
0.6
377.8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 85.11 1990
e0.1
43.3
0.9
264.0
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 160.81987
0.0
44.5
0.2 e
28.8
0.1
0.3
0.0
33.1
0.1
0.7
0.0
0.0
f
f
f0.0
6.1
0.2
4.6
e
0.1
211.7
e90SrDeposition . . . , 0.1
precipitation , . . . . . . 51.11988
0.6
117.5
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 127.81989
0.0
12.0
0.0
11.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
140.6
d90SrDeposition . . . . 1.2
Precipitation . . . . . . 47.9
11990
0.1
1.7
1.3
60.7
T 90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 0.01987
f0.1
0.5
0.1
0.9
7.4
0.7
0.0
0.6
e
f
0.0 e
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
f
0.0 g
0.4
e0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
e
0.2
0.7
0.3
1.3
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 0.21988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 0.11989
0.0
0.3
7.4
1.1
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 0.011990
0.0
0.2
0.1
1.2
90SrDeposition . , . . 1.3 b
precipitation , . . . . , . 109.91987
b1.3
a6.2.3
2.2 45.2
0.1 -
11.2 80.9
0.0 1o
0.0 26.1
0.1.4
0.0 45.4
d
e
C
d
9.1
180.22.9
b0.790SrDeposition . . , . 1.2
Precipitation . . . . . . 85.4
90SrDeposition . . . . -1989
n Precipitation . . . . . . 99.3
90SrDeposition . . . . 1.8
Precipitation . . . . . . 68.3
b
1990
2.0
200.63.0
1.0
144.5
-
19.0
d0.5 2.7
135.21.5
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
Total
Year , . First Second Third Fourthe
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 84.9* 1987
d90SrDeposition , . . . 0.4
precipitation . . . . . . 60.41988
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 104.8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 50.31990
e90SrDeposition . . , . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . . 27.91987
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
-988
. Precipitation . . . . . .
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . 0.8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . . 1.71990
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 31.6
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
1987
e
precipitation . . . . . . . 59.81988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 49.31989
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation . . . . . . 27.31990
0.0
48.4
0.0
49.6
0.0
56.4
0.0
57.8
f
-2.6
0.0f
-
f0.0
102.8
0.069.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.7
0.1
0.9
0.0
6.9
e
e0.0
12.5
0.1
45.4
0.0
21.2
0. I
28.7
e
e
-3.9
0.1
-
f0.2
34.5
0.042.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.8
0.1
0.0
e
e
0.0 e
40.9
0.1
119.9
0.1
101.8
0.1
69.7
f
e
e
f0.0
19.3
--
0.0
15.0
0.0
0.6
h
e0.2
39.3
0.1
26.4
0.0
20.0
0.0
23.4
f
0.0
186.7
0.6
275.3
0.3
284.2
0.2
206.4
0.0
53.7
0.I
-
0.2
153.2
0.0113.4
0.2
71.1
0.3
92.1
0.1
71.0
0.1
57.6
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
.:=,c4
m
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.01988
Precipitation . . . . . . . 67.2
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 99.6T 987
>a* 90SrDeposition , . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . 72.71989
3
.1al
5--2.d
90SrDeposition . . . . -
Precipitation . . . . . . . 108.0
1990
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 65.5988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 30.01989
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
precipitation . . . . . . . 34.9.-
e90SrDeposition , . . . 0.1
precipitation . . . . . . . 47.9y 1988Uf 1987
-Ie
90SrDeposition . . . . -
Precipitation . . . . . . 68.81989
e
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0Precipitation . . . . . . 79.31
1990
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0If 987 Precipitation . . . . . . . 28.2
90SrDeposition . . , . -Precipitation . . . . . . 16.51 1990
0.1
34.9
0.2
28.1
0.0
88.0
f
f
-
53.9
h0.0
3.5
0.1
8.2
f
-34.6
0.048.1
f
e0.2
50.0
0.2
44.6
0.0
8.7
0.0
36.0
e
0.0
10.2
0.0
11.3
0.0
26.9
-
64.3
d0.2
1.8
0.1
4.8
2.1
4.0
0.11.3
C
b
e
f0.1
16.1
0.1
29.7
0.0
16.6
0.0
24.6
f0.1
47.5
0.2
36.9
e
-
43.9
0.0
67.8
e0.1
11.9
-28.6
0.1
16.4
0.238.0
e
e
0.0
28.0
0.0
186.7
0.0
18.7
e
-
31.7
0.1
192.2
0.4
143.5
0.0
231.5
0.0
294.0
0.4
52.1
0.2
89.5
2.3
123.8
0.3166.8
0.2
122.3
0.3
326.5
0.0
74.0
0.0
108.7
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
..
0
zs1
Quarter Annual
Total
Year First Second Third Fourth
d90SrDeposition . . . . 0.5
Precipitation . . . . . . . 24.41988
90SrDeposition . . . . -
Precipitation . . . . . . 0.0
90SrDeposition , . . . . 0.1
1987
f
Precipitation . . . . . . . 0.0988
90SrDeposition . . , , 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 0.0
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 0.0
I989
1990
zm
%I
en4
d90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . 38.5f 987
90SrDeposit'ion , . . . 0.0 g
Precipitation . . . . . . 19.61989
0-CJ
a
s
L.
2
w
--)
f90SrDeposition , . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . 32.01988
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 28.71989
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation .. . . . . 8.51 1990
e90Sr.Deposition , . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 13.8t 1987
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 32.81 1990
d0.3
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.7
0.0
1.1
0.0
13.0
0.0
0.5
e
f
f
0.0 e
41.2
0.1
20.7
0.0
42.5
0.0
43.8
f
0.0
0.8
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
e
h
0.0
3.4
0.1
3.4
0.0
0.6
0.2
0.8
e
f
d
f0.1
19.3
0.0
24.9
0.2
24.7
0.0
34.7
e
f
e0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
e
e
e0.1
24.3
0.0
20.8
0.0
3.0
0.1
8.2
f
e
0.1
5.7
0.0
12.8
0.0
25.9
0.1
11.0
h
e
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.3
70.9
0.6
49.6
0.0
36.2
0.2
18.0
0.2
80.0
0.2
90.3
0.2
121.7
0.1
122.3
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TABLE 4 Cont'd)
c-
Eal
Quarter Annual
Fourth TotalYear First Second Third
-
90SrDeposition . . . . -1989
Precipitation . . . . . 5.0
C90SrDeposition . . . . 0.6
Precipitation . . . . . 36.21987
b90SrDeposition , . . . 0.3
Precipitation . . . . . . . 31.91988
90SrDeposition , . , . -1989
Precipitation . . . . . . 26.0
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . 57.4
e
1990
t
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 24.8
e90SrDeposition . . . , 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 48.9
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 15.1
'd 1989
%n
90SrDeposition, , .
.0.0
Precipitation , . . . . 19.611990
h90SrDeposition . , . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . 0.8
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . 2.1
1987f , 1988
f
f90SrDeposition . . . . 0:O
Precipitation . . . . . . . 11.O1 1990
C1o
22.7
0.2
55.6
b
-74.1
0.1
54.9
e
0.0
10.1
0.0
13.3
0.0
21.6
0.012.8
h0.0
39.5
0.1
44.2
d
-
25.0
0.1
29.0
e
C0.8
14.6
0. I
28.8
0.1
10.6
0.1
4.7
d
e
C
0.0
16.0
0.0
13.0
0.0
11.4
0.04.9
0.1
30.2
0.1
40.7
f
f
f
d
0.0 g
33.1
0.0
29.5
h
b0.5
33.9
-
27.3
0.1
14.0
0.1
17.9
f
e
0.1
33.5
0.1
25.8
0.0
15.2
0.113.1
e
b1.8
7.2
-
6.1
0.0
1.6
0.0
9.1
h
2.9
107.4
0.6
143.6
0.2
124.7
0.3
134.9
0.1
84.4
0.1
101.0
0.0
63.4
0.150.4
I .8
77.7
0.2
93.1
0.0
64.8
0.1
78.6
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
E.E
zd
2
g
5
I
Quarter Annual
Total
Year First Second Third Fourth
d90SrDeposition . . . . 0.7
Precipitation . . . . . . . 66.7988
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation ... . 23.4
1989
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . -
Precipitation I . -
1987
e90SrDeposition , , . . 0.1
1988
90SrDeposition , . . . 0.01989
Precipitation -
e90SrDeposition , . . . 0.3
Precipitation . . . . . 0.01990-
hgOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 18.8987
egOSrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . 42.31988
90SrDeposition . . . . -
'{Precipitation . . . . . 31.9
3 1989EA
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 76.81 1990
egOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 46.1
d90SrDeposition . . . . 1.4
Precipitation . . . . . . . 64.91 1990
f0.0
10.3
0.2f
-
0.0
14.7
0.0
0.0
h0.0
24.5
0.2
66.4
d
-69.0
0.0
48.0
h
0.0
10.4
0.0
2.3
0.0
27.7
0.6
29.8
--
f0.0
-
f0.2
-
e0.1
3.8
f0.I
27.9
0.1
28.5
0.0
6.4
0.0
38.3
e
h
e0.1
21.9
0.1
6.0
0.0
9.3
0.1
11.5
f
e
--
e0.5
-
f0.0
-
e0.2
1.6
d0.2
37.9
-
27.8
0.0
14.9
0.0
8.8
f
f0.0
33.0
0.1
13.9
0.1
15.7
0.2
50.8
e
e
0.0
10.3
0.8
-
0.2
14.7
0.6
5.4
0.3
109.1
0.3
165.0
0.0
122.2
0.0
171.9
0.1
111.4
0.9
88.9
0.2
76.1
2.3
157.0
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
d90SrDeposition . , . . 0.1
Precipitation . a a 6-21987
90SrDeposition . . . . -
gOSrDeposition . , . . -
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
90SrDeposition . . . . -
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.3
90SrDeposition . . . . -
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
precipitation 5.81988
. . . . . . .Ir
1989Precipitation 0.6
e
Precipitation 2.0
1990
. . . . . .
precipitation 14.4987 . . . . . . .
C
Precipitation 12.91988
. . . . . .
Precipitation . . . 19-11989
f
Precipitation . . . 11.31990
egOSrDeposition . , . . 1.2
Precipitation 22.7
gOSrDeposition . . , . 0.0
Precipitation 22.8
gOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . 15.3
1987. . . . . .
1988. . . . . .
1989
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation 52.31990
. . . . . .
- 3 7 -
h0.0
21.6
0.2
17.4
d
18.3
f0.1
9.8
d0.3
15.3
0.0
12.1
e
-
23.2
0.0 e16.5
0.0
33.5
0.1
15.2
f
0.0
41.4
0.0
52.8
e0.1
15.1
0.1
14.0
e
0.1
15.5
0.0
19.1
h
e0.1
11.7
0.0
16.6
0.4
13.8
0.018.1
d
d
h
0.0
18.6
0.1
30.7
0.0
25.1
0.0
36.9
e
e0.1
8.1
-
8.1
0.0
3.0
0.1
7.4
f
e
C0.3
19.7
-
29.2
0.0
5.6
0.117.1
e
e0.1
30.1
0.1
3.7
0.0
28.1
0.0
24.3
0.3
51.0
0.3
45.2
0.1
37.4
0.2
38.3
0.6
61.1
0.3
70.8
0.4
61.6
0.263.0
1.3
104.9
0.3
72.4
0.0
109.8
0.0
166.3
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Q&
0
?i5gSa
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 20.41988
e90SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation I . . . . . 27.31989
-z
mi
a
mG
EI
Deposition
Precipitation
90SrDeposition
Precipitation
1988
1989
TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
Total
0.0 0.2 0.0 0.20SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 20.0 43.1 53.4 26.1 . 142.6
Year First Second Third Fourthf e
f 987
0.0
40.6
0.0
31.9
0.1
67.3
f
0.0
37.3
0.2
55.0
0.2
49.5
f
e
0.2
29.3
0.2
35.1
0.1
32.0
d
e
0.2
127.5
0.5
149.2
0.4
170.8
9 0 ~ reposition
Precipitation
90SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . . . . 10.8
11990
-h
1987
f. . . . 0.0
. . . . . . 22.0
h0.0
11.8
0.2
15.8
d
e0.1
11.0
0.7
20.9
0.0
12.7
d
C0.2
14.5
0.3
48.1
cd.-E.cI
4
b90SrDeposition . . . . 0.5
Precipitation . . . . . . . 71.41988
1.4
129.2
-
21.2
90SrDeposition
Precipitation1989
0.0
5.0
0.113.1
f
0.0
40.3
. . . . -
. , . , . . 12.3
-10.3
h
0.09.2
h
0.023.8
90SrDeposition . . ..
0.0Precipitation . . . . . . . 1 1 . 1
1990
90SrDeposition . . . ,f gS7 Precipitation . . . . . . .
0.157.2
0.0
8.8 .
f0.0
10.4
0.1
10.1
f
0.1
13.5
0.1
4.1
e
e0.2
7.0
0.1
10.1
0.3
39.7
0.3
30.7
. . . . o . o g
. . . . o . o g
. . . , . . 6.4
. . . . , . 11.0
0.0
11.0
0.0
16.4
1.6
6.9
0.1
17.3
e
0.0 1.6
11.6 40.5
0.2
14.5 , 58.9
e0.1eposition
Precipitation1 1990. . . . o . o g
. . . . . . 10.7
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TABLE 4 (Cont'd)
Quarter Annual
TotalYear First Second Third Fourth
f0.0 e 0.2 0.1 0.40SrDeposition . . . . 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 17.4 13.8 3.9 12.0 47.1
0.3
Precipitation . . . . . . . 9-5 14.9 3.8 9.0 37.2
0.30SrDeposition . . . . 0.0
Precipitation . . . . 20.9 13.4 18.2 20.3 72.7
0.1
f
1987
e0.10.190SrDeposition . . . . 0.0 0.1
1988
e0.0 0.2 0.1
1989
egOSrDeposition . . . . 0.0 g . 0.0 0.0 0.1
Precipitation . . . . . . . 24.8 24.9 18.5 23.8 91.9990
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TABLE 5
COMPARISON OFESTIMATES OF wSr DEPOSITION MADE BY
EMLANDUKAEA
Year
Annual Deposition Cumu lative Depo sit
PBq 9osr (PBq wsr)
EML UKAEA EML UKAEA
195819591960196119621963
196419651966196719681969197019711972 1973 1974
1975 1976
-19771978 1979 1980 19811982 1983 1984 1985
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
32.645.915.919.263.3
108.4
77.041.820.010.411.1
10.712.612.66.72.35.9
3.41.8
3.84.41.50.91.90.70.50.40.2
1.70.30.20.20.1
315415
21
75107
8 138
191011
108
965
6
62.544.52.5
2-3
<2.5<3<2<2
<3<2<2<2<2
115
159170185244344
41 144445 145 1
44845 145 145 1448440433
426418411
407400392381374366357349
3433363263 19311
110158170190260360
430460460460460460460460450440440
430430420410400400390380370360350
3403353253 193 12
- 4 0 -
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TABLE 6
:
;f::
AVERAGE ?Sr DEPOSITS IN 10"LATITUDEBANDS DURMG 1987 (Bq m 3
~~~~ ~-
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
Latitude 1987
Band Average Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Annual
Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Average
80-9O"N 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0
7 0 - 8 0 3 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.1 E 0.06 0 - 7 0 3 0.0 3 0.1 3 0.0 3 0.1 3 0.150-6O N 0.0 2 0.0 2 0.1 2 0.3 2 0.1
40-503 0.1 8 0.2 8 0.1 8 0.2 8 . 0.1
30-40% 0.0 7 0.0 7 0.0 7 0.1 7 0.0
20-3O"N 0.2 5 0.0 4 0.1 5 0.1 5 0.1
10-2O"N 0.0 7 0.0 7 0.1 7 0.1 7 0.00- 10"N 0.0 6 0.0 6 0.0 6 0.1 6 0.0
0-10"s 0.1 3 0.2 3 0.0 3 0.5 3 0.2
10-20 s 0.2 7 0.2 6 0.1 6 0.9 7 0.4
20-30"s 0.2 5 0.3 6 0.2 6 0.2 6 0.2
30-40"s 0.0 5 0.0 6 0.1 5 0.5 5 0.2
40-50"s 0.4 3 0.0 3 0.1 3 0.1 3 0.1
50-60 s 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.2 1 0.1
60-70"s 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.2 1 0.1 1 0.1
70-80"s 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.1 E 0.0 E 0.1
80-90"s 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0
Global Average 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
*E indicates that no sampling sites are in the latitude band, and the data was obtained by extrapolating
the results to a value of zero at the poles.
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TABLE 7
AVEMGE 90SrDEPOSITS IN 10 LATITUDEBANDS DURING 1988(Bq m-2)
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1988
Annual
Band Deposit .of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Average
Latitude Average Number Average Number Average Number Average Number
I
PE3
I
80-SOW
70-80%
60-70W
50-60W
40-50W
3040%
20-30%
10-2OW
0-low
0 10 s
10-20 s
20-30 s
30-40 s
40-50 s
50-60"s60-70 s
70-80 s
80-90 s
Global Average
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.10.1
0:o0.0
0.0
0.3
0.20.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
E
E
3
2
8
7
5
7
6
3
7
6
5
3
1
1
E
E
0.00.00.00.1
0.1
0.00.0
0.00.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.10.1
0.1
0.0
0.00.1
E
E
3
2
8
6
57
6
3
7
6
6
3
1
1
E
E
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 .
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
E
E
3
2
8
6
57
6
3
4
4
2
2
1
1
E
E
0.00.0
0.00.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.I
.o.o0.1
E
E
3
2
8
6
5
7
6
34
4
2
2
1
1
E
E
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.00.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.00.1
*E indicates that no sampling sites are in the latitude band, and the data was obtained by extrapolating the results toa value ofzero at the poles.
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TABLE 8
8I
AVERAGE ?3r DEPOSITS N O LATITUDEBANDS DURING 1989 (Bq m-9
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1989
Annual
Band Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Average
Latitude Average Number Average Number Average Number Average Number
80-9OW 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0
70-80W 0.1 E 0.0 E 0.1 E 0.0 E 0.0
60-70% 0.1 2 0.0 3 0.1 3 0.0 3 0.1
50-6O"N 0.1 2 0.0 2 0.2 2 0.0 2 0.1
40-50W 0.1 7 0.1 7 0.1 7 0.1 7 0.1
30-40W 0.1 6 0.0 7 0.0 6 0.0 6 0.0
20-3O N 0.1 5 0.0 5 0.0 4 0.1 4 0.1
10-20W 0.0 6 0.0 6 0.2 6 0.0 7 0.1
0-10 N 0.0 7 0.1 7 0. I 7 0.0 8 0.1
0-10 s 0.0 3 0.0 3 0.0 3 0.3 2 0.1
10-20"s 0.0 5 0.0 7 1.4 7 0.2 6 0.4
20-30 s 0.0 5 0.0 5 0.0 6 0.0 6 0.0
30-40 s 0.0 2 0.0 2 0.1 6 0.0 6 0.1
40-50"s 0.0 2 0.0 2 0.1 3 0.1 3 0.1
50-60"s 0.0 1 0.0 1 1.6 1 0.0 1 0.4
60-70 s 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.2 1 0.1 1 0.170-80 s 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.1 E 0.1 E 0.0
80-90 s 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0Global Average 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1
*E indicates that no sampling sites are in the latitude band, and the data was obtained by extrapolating he results toa value ofzero at the poles.
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TABLE 9
I
PPI
AVERAGE ?Sr DEPOSITS IN 10 LATITUDEBANDS DURING 1990(Bq m-7
Latitude
Band
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter
Average Number Average Number Average Number
Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites* Deposit of Sites*
Fourth Quarter
1990
AnnualAverage Number
Deposit of Sites* Average
80-9OW 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0
70-80W 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.1 E 0.0 E 0.0
60-70% 0.0 3 0.0 3 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1
50-60% 0.0 2 0.0 2 0.1 2 0.0 2 0.0
40-50% 0.0 7 0.1 8 0.1 8 0.1 8 0.1
30-40"N 0.0 7 0.0 7 0.0 7 0.1 7 0.0
20-3O"N 0.1 4 0.0 4 0.0 3 0.1 4 0.0
10-20% 0.0 7 0.1 7 0.1 7 0.1 7 0.1
0-10% 0.0 6 0.0 6 0.0 5 0.1 6 0.0
0-10 s 0.4 3 0.0 3 0.3 3 0.0 3 0.2
10-20 s 0.3 6 0.1 6 0.1 6 0.1 7 0.1
20-30"s 0.0 5 0.0 6 0.1 6 0.1 5 0.0
30-40"s 0.3 6 0.1 ' 6 0:0 6 0.1 6 0.1
40-50 s 0.0 3 0.0 3 0.1 3 0.1 3 0.0
50-60 s 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.060-70 s 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.1 1 0.0
70-80 s 0.0 ' E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0
80-90 s 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0 E 0.0
Global Average 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1
*E indicates that no sampling sites are in the latitude band, and the data was obtainedby extrapolating he results to a valueof
zero at the poles.
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TABLE 10
TOTAL 90Sr EPOSITS IN 10" LATITUD E BANDS DURING 1987 (TBq)
1
I
First Quarter Second Quarter ThirdQuarter Fourth Quarter1987
Band Deposit Deposit Deposit Deposit TotalLatitude Total Total Total Total nnual
80-9O"N 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.170-8O"N 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.8 1.560-7O"N 0.5 1.4 0.0 2.2 4.150-6O"N 0.2 0.0 2.4 6.6 9.240-5O"N 3.5 5.4 2.7 5.0 16.630-4O"N 0.8 0.7 1.7 1.9 5.120-3O"N 6.6 1.9 2.9 4.4 15.810-2O"N 0.4 1 o 3.5 3.4 8.40- 1O"N 0.0 1.0 2.2 5.4 8.60-10"s 4.0 8.6 0.8 20.4 33.9
10-20"s 8.8 8.2 4.8 40.0 61.920-30"s 6.1 10.2 6.6 6.5 29.430-40"s 0.9 1.7 3.1 16.6 22.340-50"s 12.3 0.0 2.8 3.6 18.750-60"s 0.0 0.0 1.4 6.3 7.7
60-70"s 1.1 0.0 4.1 1.5 6.770-80"s 0.4 0.0 1.5 0.6 2.580-90"s 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2
Global Total 45.9 40.6 40.8 125.4 252.7
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TABLE 11
TOTAL, ? S r DEPOSITS M 10" LATITUDE BANDS DURING 1988 (TBq)
I
P
I
Third Quarter Fourth Quarterirst Quarter SecondQuarter1988Annual
TotalLatitude Total Total Total Total
Band Deposit Deposit Deposit Deposit
80-9O"N 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
50-6O"N 2.8 2.4 3.1 1.7 10.1
30-4O"N 4.0 0.6 2.7 2.9 . 10.2
70-SOON 1.3 0.1 1.0 0.0 2.5
60-7O"N 3.6 0.3 2.7 0.0 6.7
40-5O"N 5.6 2.6 3.1 3.0 14.3
20-3O"N 4.4 1.9 1.6 3.8 11.710-2O"N 2.0 0.7 1.0 4.6 8.20-1O"N 1.4 2.8 2.2 4.2 10.6
10-20"s 11.1 6.7 3.1 5.8 26.720-30"s 6.4 6.3 2.9 2.7 18.330-40"s 8.6 4.0 2.0 11.9 26.6
50-60"s 0.0 2.1 3.5 2.8 8.4
0-10"s 2.0 5.1 3.0 9.9 20.0
40-50"s 4.9 2.4 8.6 4.3 20.2
60-70"s 0.0 1.5 1.5 2.6 5.770-80"s 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.9 2.180-90"s 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Global Total 58.0 40.2 42.9 61.3 202.5
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TABLE 12
TOTAL %Sr DEPOSITS IN 10" LATITUDE BANDS DURING 1989(TBq)
I
3I
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter1989
TotalLatitude Total Total Total Total Annual
Deposit Deposit Deposit Depositand
80-9O"N 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.070-8O"N 1o 0.3 0.7 0.2 2.360-7O"N 2.8 0.7 2.0 0.6 6.250-6O"N 1.7 0.0 4.4 0.9 7.140-5O"N 2.3 2.2 4.4 2.8 11.730-4O"N 2.0 0.9 0.4 1.0 4.3
0- 10"N 0.4 4.7 5.9 0.0 10.9
20-3O"N 5.2 1.0 0.2 2.3 8.710-2O"N 1.6 0.9 8.0 1.1 11.6
0- 10"s 1.9 1.7 1.5 11.8 16.910-20"s 1.1 0.7 59.8 8.7 70.420-30"s 0.2 0.7 1.8 0.4 3.130-40"s 1.5 0.4 4.3 1.5 7.740-50"s 1.4 0.0 2.5 2.4 6.350-60"s 0.0 0.0 41.1 0.0 41.1
60-70"s 0.0 0.0 4.0 1.9 5.970-80"s 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.7 2.280-90"s 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2
Global Total 23.2 14.2 142.5 36.6 216.5
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TABLE 13
TOTAL, %SrDEPOSITSIN 10" LATITUDE BANDS D W G 990 (TBq)
1
P3
I
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
1990Annual
. Deposit TotalLatitude Total Total Total Total
80-9O"N 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
70-8O"N 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.5 1.860-7O"N 0.5 0.5 2.6 1.3 4.950-6O"N 0.2 0.3 1.7 1 o 3.340-5O"N 1.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 7.530-40"N 1.2 1.2 0.9 2.9 6.120-3O"N 3.2 0.5 0.5 2.8 7.010-2O"N 1.1 2.6 3.3 2.9 9.80-1O"N 1.1 1.1 1.9 2.4 6.50-10"s 18.3 1.5 11.6 2.0 33.3
10-20"s 12.7 3.8 4.5 2.6 23.620-30"s 0.6 0.7 2.1 2.8 6.330-40 s 10.5 4'9 1.0 4.1 20.540-50"s 0.6 0.5 2.0 1.7 4.950-60"s 0.3 1 o 2.1 1.4 4.860-70"s 0.0 0.7 0.4 1.5 2.6
70-80"s 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.6 1.080-90"s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
Global Total 51.5 21.8 38.0 32.7 144.0
Band Deposit Deposit Deposit
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TABLE 14
I
Po
CUMMULATIVE %SrDEPOSITS IN 10" LATITUDEBANDS DURING 1987 (PBq)
First Quarter . Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
Total Total Total TotalDeposit Deposit Deposit Deposit
LatitudeBand
80-9O"N70-8o"N60-7O"N50-6O"N40-5O"N30-40"N20-3O"N10-2O"N0-1O"N0- 10"s
10-20"s20-30"s30-40"s40-50"s50-60"s60-70"s70-80"s80-90"s
Global Total
0.74.8
18.242.457.848.238.627.119.510.79.9
15.716.416.48.04.01.50.2
340.0
0.74.7
18.142.257.447.938.327.019.410.79.8
15.616.316.37.94.01.50.2
338.0
~~
0.74.7
18.041.957.147.638.126.819.310.69.7
15.516.216.27.93.91.50.2
336.0
0.74.7
17.94 1.756.747.437.926.719.110.69.7
15.516.116.17.83.91.50.2
334.1
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TABLE 15
CUMMULATIVE DEPOSITS M 10" LATITU DE BANDS D W G 98 8(PBq)
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
Latitude Total Total Total Total
80-9O"N 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.770-8O"N 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6
60-7O"N 17.8 17.7 17.6 17.4
50-6O"N 41.4 41.2 . 41.0 40.7
30-4O"N 47.1 46.8 46.5 46.2
20-3O"N 37.7 37.4 37.2 37.0
10-2O"N 26.5 26.3 26.2 26.0
0- 10"N 19.0 18.9 18.8 18.7
0- 10"s 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.3
20-30"s 15.4 15.3 15.2 15.1
30-40"s 16.0 16.0 15.9 15.8
40-50"s 16.0 15.9 15.9 15.8
50-60"s 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.6
60-70"s 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.870-80"s 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4
Global Total 332.2 330.2 328.3 326.4
Band Deposit Deposit Deposit Deposit.
40-5O"N 56.4 56.1 55.7 55.4
10-20"s 9.7 9.6 9.6 9.5
80-90"s 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1
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TABLE 16
I
21
CUMMULATIVE ? 3 r DEPOSITS IN 10"LATITUDEBANDS DURING 1989 (PBq)
First Quarter Second Quarter ThirdQuarter FourthQuarter
Total Total Total Totalatitude '
Band Deposit Deposit Deposit Deposit
80-9O"N70-8O"N60-7O"N50-6O"N40-5O"N30-4O"N20-3O"N10-2O"N0-10"N0-10"s
10-20"s20-30"s30-40"s40-50"s50-60"s
60-70"s70-80"s80-90"s
Global Total
0.74.6
17.340.555.146.036.825.918.610.3.9.515.015.715.77.6
3.81.40.2
324.4
0.74.5
17.240.254.745.736.625.718.510.29.4
14.915.615.67.5
3.81.40.2
322.5
0.74.5
17.140.054.445.436.325.618.410.29.4
14.815.515.57.5
3.81.40.2
320.7
0.74.5
17.039.854.145.136.125.418.310.19.4
14.715.415.47.5
3.71.40.2
318.8
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TABLE 17
CUMMULATIVE ? 3r DEPOSITS IN 10" LATITUDE BANDS DURING 1990 (PBq)
~
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
Latitude Total Total Total Total
80-9O"N 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6
70-8O"N 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.460-7O"N 16.9 16.8 16.7 16.650-6O"N 39.5 39.3 39.0 38.840-5O"N 53.8 53.5 53.1 52.830-4O"N 44.9 44.6 44.3 44.120-3O"N 35.9 35.7 35.5 35.310-2O"N 25.3 25.1 25.0 24.80-1O"N 18.2 18.1 17.9 17.80- 10"s 10.1 10.0 10.0 9.9
10-20"s 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.220-30"s 14.7 14.6 14.5 14.430-40"s 15.3 15.2 15.1 15.140-500s 15.3 15.2 15.1 15.050-60"s 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.360-70"s 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.770-80"s 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.480-90"s 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Global Total 317.0 315.1 313.3 311.4
Band Deposit Deposit Deposit Deposit
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TABLE 18
ANNUAL FISSION YE LD S OF ATMOSPHERIC WEAPONS TESTSAND %rDEPOSITION FOR THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN HEMISPHERES
Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere
Fission Yields 90SrDeposition Fission Yields ?3r Deposition
W T ) (PBd W T ) (?Bdear
19581959196019611962196319641965
1966196719681969197019711972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977
1978 1979 1980 1981
1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
1990
29.00.00.1
25.077.0
0.00.0
0.0
0.61.71.22.02.00.0
0.11.60.50.02.40.0
0.00.00.50.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
0.0
0.0
23.338.99.6
13.053.396.961.428.5
12.26.37.45.67.87.03.21.24.52.21.03.0
3.71.1
0.61.60.50.30.30.11.50.10.10.1
0.0
0.00.0
0.00.0
0.00.0
0.0
0.0
0.70.24.10.0
2.62.00.10.11.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.00.00.00.00.0
0.00.0
0.00.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.6.6.76.36.39.6
11.515.513.3
7.84.13.75.24.85.63.61.21.41.30.80.8
0.70.40.30.30.2
0.20.10.10.20.20.1
0.2
0.1
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0
0-
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03 80 r 60 50 40 30 20 10
Degrees North Latitude
0 10 2 1 ) 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0
Degrees South Latitude
80 93
Figure 2. Latitudinal distribution of global 90Sr burden at the end of 1990
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Year -
Figure 3. Tempo ral patterns of atmospheric weapons testing and 90Srdeposition:
(a) annua l global 9OSr deposition from 1958 to 1990(b) annual fission yield from atmospheric weapons testing
c )cumulative global deposit of 9oSr fiom 1958 to 1990
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