World War IIWorld War II

Chapter 18Chapter 18

Section One-The War BeginsSection One-The War Begins

Pages 393-398Pages 393-398

EQ: How did fascism contribute to EQ: How did fascism contribute to WWII?WWII?

Those who disagreed that the fascist Those who disagreed that the fascist government should control everything government should control everything were oppressedwere oppressed

Benito Mussolini, ItalyBenito Mussolini, Italy Adolph Hitler, GermanyAdolph Hitler, Germany Hideki Tojo, JapanHideki Tojo, Japan

All ran militaristic governments that All ran militaristic governments that had a supreme ruler whose extreme had a supreme ruler whose extreme nationalism led to racismnationalism led to racism

EQ: Why did Great Britain and EQ: Why did Great Britain and France enter WWII?France enter WWII?

Had promised to come to the Had promised to come to the defense of Poland if it was attacked, defense of Poland if it was attacked, so they declared war on Germany so they declared war on Germany starting WWIIstarting WWII

Stalin, leader of the USSR, had Stalin, leader of the USSR, had made a secret agreement with Hitler made a secret agreement with Hitler to divide Poland between themto divide Poland between them

EQ: How did Hitler start his EQ: How did Hitler start his blitzkrieg (lightning war)?blitzkrieg (lightning war)?

1939-Hitler invaded the Rhineland (area 1939-Hitler invaded the Rhineland (area between France and Germany) and between France and Germany) and declared it hisdeclared it his

1939-Attacked Poland-had promised to 1939-Attacked Poland-had promised to come to the defense of Poland if it was come to the defense of Poland if it was attacked, so they declared war on attacked, so they declared war on Germany starting WWIIGermany starting WWII

1940-Conquered Denmark1940-Conquered Denmark 1940-Conquered Norway1940-Conquered Norway

1940-Next came Belgium, Luxembourg, the 1940-Next came Belgium, Luxembourg, the NetherlandsNetherlands

1940-Invaded France-they surrendered 1940-Invaded France-they surrendered Started bombing Great BritainStarted bombing Great Britain

1941-Hitler invades his ally, USSR1941-Hitler invades his ally, USSR Almost one million deaths, mostly Almost one million deaths, mostly

starvationstarvation Deadly winterDeadly winter 2 years2 years They fight the rest of the war on the side They fight the rest of the war on the side

of the Allied Forcesof the Allied Forces

EQ: How did the Lend-Lease Act EQ: How did the Lend-Lease Act help the US enter the war?help the US enter the war?

1941-Congress gave Roosevelt the power 1941-Congress gave Roosevelt the power to lend military goods to any country he to lend military goods to any country he thought was important to our intereststhought was important to our interests

By war’s end, we had lent $50 billion in By war’s end, we had lent $50 billion in materialsmaterials

German subs (u-boats) sank American German subs (u-boats) sank American ships filled with supplies, making us ships filled with supplies, making us “unofficially” at war with Germany“unofficially” at war with Germany

EQ: What event propelled the US EQ: What event propelled the US into WWII?into WWII?

Attack on Pearl Harbor, HawaiiAttack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii December 7, 1941-a date that will live December 7, 1941-a date that will live

in infamy- Roosevelt declares war!in infamy- Roosevelt declares war! Killed over 2300 military personnel Killed over 2300 military personnel

and civilians and civilians Destroyed 19 shipsDestroyed 19 ships Damaged many warplanes Damaged many warplanes

Main Idea Question #3 a. b. c.Main Idea Question #3 a. b. c.page 398page 398

a.a. Why did fascism gain a hold in Why did fascism gain a hold in Europe?Europe?

b.b. What was so important about the What was so important about the outcome of the Battle of Britain?outcome of the Battle of Britain?

c.c. What was America’s reaction to What was America’s reaction to the Japanese attack on Pearl the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?Harbor?

WWIIWWII

Fighting the WarFighting the War

Section Two Section Two

Pages 399-403Pages 399-403

EQ: Why did the US decide to EQ: Why did the US decide to strike North Africa first?strike North Africa first?

1942-They wanted to secure an 1942-They wanted to secure an easy victory over Germany-able to easy victory over Germany-able to drive German and Italian forces outdrive German and Italian forces out

1943-Allied forces invade Italy and 1943-Allied forces invade Italy and they surrenderthey surrender

Allied forces bomb German targets Allied forces bomb German targets in Germany and Central Europein Germany and Central Europe

EQ: What occurred on D-Day?EQ: What occurred on D-Day?

June 6, 1944-600 ships (Allied June 6, 1944-600 ships (Allied Armada) carrying 175,000 Allied Armada) carrying 175,000 Allied soldiers landed on Omaha Beach at soldiers landed on Omaha Beach at Normandy, FranceNormandy, France

11,000 planes were used in the assault11,000 planes were used in the assault Paratroopers landed many miles inlandParatroopers landed many miles inland Liberated Paris, France on August 25Liberated Paris, France on August 25

Did Germany fight back?Did Germany fight back?

Germans pushed back in the Battle Germans pushed back in the Battle of the Bulgeof the Bulge

Allied goal was to reach Berlin, Allied goal was to reach Berlin, Germany from the westGermany from the west

Soviet Allied forces advanced from Soviet Allied forces advanced from the east-they entered Berlin firstthe east-they entered Berlin first

What happened on April 12, 1945?What happened on April 12, 1945?

FDR died of a brain hemorrhage in FDR died of a brain hemorrhage in Warm Springs, GeorgiaWarm Springs, Georgia

Harry S. Truman, Vice-President, Harry S. Truman, Vice-President, became Presidentbecame President

Allied troops were within reach of Allied troops were within reach of HitlerHitler

April 30, 1945April 30, 1945

Hitler committed suicide to avoid Hitler committed suicide to avoid capturecapture

May 8, 1945May 8, 1945

Germany surrenderedGermany surrenderedV-E Day (Victory in Europe Day)V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day)Truman now turned attention to the Truman now turned attention to the

PacificPacific

EQ: What was Hitler’s Final EQ: What was Hitler’s Final Solution?Solution?

““Purify” the German race by erasing Purify” the German race by erasing all Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, all Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, anyone with perceived abnormalitiesanyone with perceived abnormalities

First imprison them in concentration First imprison them in concentration campscamps

Then kill themThen kill them 11 million people were exterminated11 million people were exterminated

EQ: What was “island hopping”?EQ: What was “island hopping”?

The method US forces used to The method US forces used to retake the islands in the Pacificretake the islands in the Pacific

Move across the Pacific, then take Move across the Pacific, then take JapanJapan

EQ: What event ended the war EQ: What event ended the war almost immediately? almost immediately?

August 6, 1945, the Enola Gay bomber August 6, 1945, the Enola Gay bomber dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, JapanJapan

Truman asked for a surrender, they Truman asked for a surrender, they refusedrefused

Truman dropped a second bomb three Truman dropped a second bomb three days later on Nagasaki, Japandays later on Nagasaki, Japan

Over 110,000 died immediatelyOver 110,000 died immediately 100,000 later from radiation poisoning100,000 later from radiation poisoning

EQ: What is VJ Day?EQ: What is VJ Day?

Victory in Japan DayVictory in Japan DayAugust 14, 1945August 14, 1945Japan stopped fightingJapan stopped fightingThey officially surrendered on They officially surrendered on

September 2September 2

Main Idea Questions Main Idea Questions page 403 #3 a.b.c.page 403 #3 a.b.c.

a.a. Why was US industrial power so Why was US industrial power so important to winning WWII?important to winning WWII?

b.b. Why did the US enter the war in Why did the US enter the war in the European theater and wait to the European theater and wait to fight in the Pacific till later?fight in the Pacific till later?

c.c. Why did the US decide to use the Why did the US decide to use the atomic bomb against Japan?atomic bomb against Japan?

Sections Three and FourSections Three and Four

Georgia’s ContributionGeorgia’s Contribution

andand

The Impact of the War at HomeThe Impact of the War at Home

Pages 404-415Pages 404-415

Georgia’s ContributionGeorgia’s Contribution

We built airplanesWe built airplanes Bell Aircraft in Bell Aircraft in

Marietta built the Marietta built the B-29B-29• Employed more Employed more

than 6,000 than 6,000 womenwomen

We built shipsWe built ships Ports in Savannah Ports in Savannah

and Brunswick and Brunswick built Liberty shipsbuilt Liberty ships

• 16,000 men 16,000 men and women and women worked in worked in BrunswickBrunswick

BlimpsBlimps Glynco Naval Air StationGlynco Naval Air Station

• Now FLETC Now FLETC Housed blimps, jets, planes, helicopters: Housed blimps, jets, planes, helicopters:

largest blimp base in the world (pg 406)largest blimp base in the world (pg 406) AgricultureAgriculture

We grew crops other than cotton to feed We grew crops other than cotton to feed soldiers at home and overseassoldiers at home and overseas• FoodFood• DairyDairy• MeatMeat• Peanuts for oilPeanuts for oil

Georgia’s Training FacilitiesGeorgia’s Training Facilities

Camp Stewart: near Savannah, trained Camp Stewart: near Savannah, trained antiaircraft squadsantiaircraft squads

Camp (Fort) Gordon: used for infantry and Camp (Fort) Gordon: used for infantry and tank training, and housed German and Italian tank training, and housed German and Italian POWs (worked mostly as field hands)POWs (worked mostly as field hands)

Fort Benning: Airborne training and Officer Fort Benning: Airborne training and Officer Candidate SchoolCandidate School

Warner Robbins Air Force Base: trained Warner Robbins Air Force Base: trained soldiers in airplane maintenancesoldiers in airplane maintenance

EQ: How did people help the war EQ: How did people help the war effort?effort?

““Use it up, wear it out, make it do, Use it up, wear it out, make it do, or do without.”or do without.”

Planted Victory GardensPlanted Victory Gardens Federal government saved resources through Federal government saved resources through

ration cardsration cards Collected and donated items to be used to Collected and donated items to be used to

make weaponsmake weapons Scrap metalScrap metal RubberRubber NewspaperNewspaper Cooking oilCooking oil

Coca-ColaCoca-ColaWon a government contract with Won a government contract with

the military the military Set up bottling factories in Europe Set up bottling factories in Europe

and the Pacificand the PacificTaste reminded soldiers of homeTaste reminded soldiers of home

Carl Vinson and Richard RussellCarl Vinson and Richard Russell

Congressmen who helped attract Congressmen who helped attract defense contracts and military defense contracts and military facilities to the statefacilities to the state

This increased the economy and This increased the economy and population in many citiespopulation in many cities

Posttest QuestionPosttest Question

December 7, 1941, “a date which will December 7, 1941, “a date which will live in infamy” is significant becauselive in infamy” is significant because

a.a. Germany surrenderedGermany surrendered

b.b. Hitler conquered Denmark and Hitler conquered Denmark and NorwayNorway

c.c. The Japanese bombed Pearl HarborThe Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor

d.d. The Japanese surrenderedThe Japanese surrendered

Posttest QuestionPosttest Question

What did the Lend-Lease program involve?What did the Lend-Lease program involve?

a.a. The British were allowed to purchase arms The British were allowed to purchase arms from the US if they paid cash for themfrom the US if they paid cash for them

b.b. The British were allowed to use US military The British were allowed to use US military bases for their planesbases for their planes

c.c. Congress allowed the President to lend Congress allowed the President to lend arms, ships, supplies, and food to the Britisharms, ships, supplies, and food to the British

d.d. The Germans were allowed to borrow The Germans were allowed to borrow money from US banksmoney from US banks

Posttest QuestionPosttest Question

Which is NOT a reason Georgia had many Which is NOT a reason Georgia had many military bases located on it during WWII?military bases located on it during WWII?

a.a. We had the influence of Carl Vinson and We had the influence of Carl Vinson and Richard Russell in Congress.Richard Russell in Congress.

b.b. We had textile mills and farms to clothe We had textile mills and farms to clothe and feed soldiers.and feed soldiers.

c.c. We had the largest US population to We had the largest US population to provide soldiers and workers.provide soldiers and workers.

d.d. None of the above.None of the above.

Posttest QuestionPosttest Question

Why did Roosevelt spend so much time in Why did Roosevelt spend so much time in Georgia?Georgia?

a.a. The waters of Warm Springs helped The waters of Warm Springs helped his polio.his polio.

b.b. Roosevelt was a native of Georgia.Roosevelt was a native of Georgia.

c.c. Roosevelt had been a farmer and Roosevelt had been a farmer and loved farm life.loved farm life.

d.d. All of the above.All of the above.