World War I- Ch 30 P1 • Objective- Students will understand…

• 1) Identify and explain the 3 reasons the US

entered WWI?

• 2) Define propaganda and explain 2 ways

propaganda negatively influenced Americans

(to go against their beliefs).

• 3) Identify two ways the Government increased

it’s role in society (opposite of Laissez-Faire)

• 4) Explain one way that WWI positively effected

Af/Am and women

WWI (1914-1918)- Why did the war begin? • Nationalism- love for country turns

to hate for neighbor

• Militarism- glorification of war

• Imperialism- race for countries in

Africa and Asia

– Why go to war in Europe for

colonies in Africa?

• Alliances- countries promise to

protect each other

– Triple Entente- England, France,

Russia

– Central Powers- Germany,

Austria-Hungary, Ottoman

Empire

• What country is absent from

these alliances? Why?

• Isolationusm- US stays out of

European affairs

How the war begins • Archduke Franz Ferdinand- heir

to Austria-Hungary, shot by

Serbs wanting independence

from Aus-Hun

• Alliances- countries declare war

on each other over his death

– Aus-Hun vs. Serbia (ally

Rus.), Rus. Vs Aus (ally Ger),

Ger vs. Russia (ally France.)

Ger vs. France

– Germany invades Belgium to

get to France (ally Eng), Eng

vs. Ger (ally A/H) A/H v Eng

• Who is most responsible for

starting the war?

– US stays out of WWI

for 3 years

• ID- War! (697)

• Summary 1- What act by the Germans finally forced the US to join WWI?

– Submarine Warfare

• Act of War

• 1) Zimmerman Note

– Proposed alliance b/t Ger. And Mexico

• How does this change the US position in regards to it’s belief of isolationism?

• 2) German U-boats

– Lusitania- Br. Liner sank by Ger sub (1600 people die, 180 Americans)

• 3) Russia

– Surrenders in 1917 (Germany about to win war) Why?

– Russia has a Czar, then Communist) US can say it’s entering the war for democracy and Freedom

– *US declares war Apr 1917 (arrive May 1918)

• ID- Anti-German Propaganda (698)

• Summary 2- What is the image implying about how the Germans treated the Belgians?

– Germany was the aggressor and attacked Belgium

• Summary 3- Why do you think the US had to rely on such propaganda to get Americans to support the war?

– Many Americans were against fighting in Europe (US sovereignty was not at risk)

– Imperialism- Eur. is fighting for colonies in Africa (US does not need Africa)

• OI- Creel Manipulates Minds

• 4) What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Opinion

– Create propaganda to get Americans to support the war

– 1st Government propaganda agency

• 5) Give examples of how the German’s were portrayed

– Huns, barbarians, anti-Christian

• 6) What was a problem with the CPO?

– Convinced many Americans to hate all Germans?

• What problems might hating Germans lead to in the US in 1917?

• ID- Socialist Leader Eugene V. Debs (699)

• Summary 4- Why was Debs thrown imprison? What act allowed

him to be put in prison?

– For speaking out against the war (Espionage Act- made it a

crime to criticize the government)

• Summary 5- Why do you think supporting the poor and

opposing the war go hand in hand?

– The poor fight

– Selective Service Act- 1st military draft since Civil

War

• OI- Enforcing loyalty and Stifling Dissent

• 6) How did America try to change its Germanic legacies?

– German music not played (Beethoven, Mozart), Ger. books removed, food (Hamburgers=liberty steaks)

• 7) What right did the Espionage Act violate?

– 1st Amendment

• Trading w. Enemy Act- foreign language publications banned

• Sedition Act- unlawful to publish disloyal articles against Gov. Pres. War

-Should the government have the right to supress liberties during war for the safety of the country? Did the Gov. have to go this far?

• 8) What was the importance of Schenk v US?

– Court said Gov. had the right to ban freedom of speech

Role of the Government- the government takes more power

than ever before to help transform the US into a war machine

(opposite of Laissez-Faire)

• Lever Act- gave Gov. authority

to fix food prices

• Food Administration- (Herbert

Hoover) convinced Americans

to voluntarily save food

(Meatless Tue.)

• Overman Act- gave President

power to set prices of natural

resources during war

– ¼ of Us production went to the war

but food prices doubled and clothing

tripled

• Why was there a lack of goods for

Americans if the country produced

more?

• How did Americans react?

Labor Force- workers in short supply (Why?

Who will fill the need for more workers?)

• Women- 1 mil. Enter

workforce (take men’s jobs)

• Blacks- Great Migration-

blacks start to leave south

and move to northern cities

– Tension- blacks used as strike

breakers (Scabs)

• Mexicans- imm. increased

to work as farm laborers

– Gov. incentive- open imm, not

be drafted if they worked on

farms

• ID- Suppressing the Steel Strike (701)

• Summary 6- What was the goal of the workers and how was their dissent crushed?

– Workers wanted wages increased (because inflation has gone up). Police sent in

violently

• Why did the government want to get workers back to work so badly?

• OI- Workers in Wartime

• 9) What was the purpose of the War Industries Board?

– Gov. tell business what to make (Did business support this bill? Explain)

• 10) What was a major concern for workers during the war causing thousands to go

on strike?

– Earn decent wages while their hours and prices went up

– 11) Why were African-American workers often attacked by white workers?

• Business used blacks as SCABS when white workers went on strike

– ?Are white workers to be blamed for attacking black workers who broke

strike line?

• ID- In the Trenches (703)

• Summary 7-Who is shown walking in the trenches?

– Women nurses

• ID- Suffragists Picket the White House (704)

• Summary 8- What was the appeal women were trying to get

across to Pres. Wilson?

– Allow them the right to vote

• What was hypocritical about Wilson’s claims why the US

was at war and women not being able to vote

– War to bring Freedom and Democracy to Europe (women did

not have freedom at home)

• OI- Suffering Until Suffrage

• How did women participate in the war effort?

– Took the jobs men had while at war

• Why did Wilson change his mind and believe women earned the right to

vote

– Women did an incredible job helping to support the war with the work

in factories and replacing men at war

– What east coast state gave women the right to vote in 1917?

• New York

– That state giving women a right to vote was a turning point for women’s

rights. Why would that one state have so much clout (think)?

• Most populous state (large percentage of women could now vote)

– What amendment gave women the right to vote?

• 19th

CH 30 P2 Insights • Objectives- students will understand..

• Identify 3 ways the Treaty of Versailles failed to

solve Europe's problems and lead to WWII

• Analyze why the US refused to sign the (not

join the League of Nations) (putting America

back on a path towards isolationism) by…

– A. Identifying the two sides in the debate

– B. Why each side was so adamant (forceful) in

believing their side was right

– *How the end of WWI leads to WWII

• ID- Approximate Comparative Losses in WWI (708)

• Summary 1- What two countries lost the most troops? – Russia-1.7 mil

– Germany- 1.6 mil. (1 out of 32 people)

– France- 1.4 mil (1/28 people)

• Summary 2- Why were US casualties so much lower than everyone else? – US only fought for 5 months, other countries fought for 5 years

• OI- America Helps Hammer the Hun

• 12) Identify the importance of Chateau-Thierry

– 1st engagement of Us troops in WWI (30K US troops

stopped the advance of Ger. Troops only 40 mi. f. Paris

• 13) Identify how large the Battle of Meuse-Argonne was?

– 1 mil US troops in 24 mi. line pushed Ger. for 47 days and

broke German line

• 14) Who was Alvin York?

– American war hero, captured 132 Germans and killed 20 more

• ID- Wilson in Dover (712)

• Summary 3- How was Pres. Wilson viewed by the European

people? Why?

– As a hero b/c Americas involvement won the war for the

Allies

• Summary 4- From what group of people would he receive a

cooler reception from?

– From the American people and Congress

14 points- Pres. Wilson’s plan for peace in

postwar Europe • Self-Determination- create new

European countries based on

ethnicities

• Demilitarization- smaller Eur.

Militaries

– Why might France be skeptical of

reducing it’s Army?

• Colonization- free colonial

people in Africa and Asia

– Why would Fr and GB not want to

free there colonies?

• Fair Peace- Don’t punish

Germany

– What could happen if Ger. Is

punished?

• League of nations- int.

organization for countries to talk

and avoid war

• OI- An Idealist Battles the Imperialists in Paris

• 15) Who was the Big 4?

– Winning ally countries that will decide the terms of post-war Europe

• Great Britain, France, Italy, US (What countries are left out?)

• 16) What was Wilson’s #1 goal in Paris?

– Approval of the League of Nations (international organization for

countries to avoid war by talking)

• 17) What was Wilson’s fear in the peace conference that he tried to stop

in regards to conquered territory?

– That the other three would secretly divide Germany’s colonies among

themselves and leave the problem of colonization alive

• OI- Hammering out a Treaty, The Peace Treaty that Bred a New War

• 18) Identify something in the treaty that would have upset Germany?

– War guilt clause- Ger. Takes full blame for the war (Was Ger. To

blame?)

– Reparations- Ger. Forced to pay Allies (Fr.) for damages

– Lost land- Ger. Loses all colonies and vital areas of Ger.

• 19) How many of Wilson’s ideas were left in the Treaty?

– 4

• 20) What did Wilson hope would solve the inequalities in the Treaty?

– League of Nations

• What are the key problems with the Treaty of Versailles? Do you

think the T of V will lead to war? Explain

• ID- Contentious Nuptials (715) DBQ H

• Summary 5- Who is Uncle Sam marrying in the picture?

– Foreign Entanglements (Europe)

• Who is opposed to the marriage in the picture?

– US Senate

• From what book is the pastor reading from?

– League of Nations

• Summary 6- Why would members of the Senate (isolationists) be against

the Treaty of Versailles?

– Fear that joining the LofN would drag the US into war in Europe

• OI- Defeat Through Deadlock

• 21) Why were many Senators alarmed by Article X?

– Gave Pres. Power to send army to protect League member

• 22) What constitutional power did Congress want to protect for itself?

– War declaring power (Pres. Is in charge of military, but Senate gives Pres. authority to use military

• 23) How did Wilson order Democrats to vote in regards to the Treaty?

– Vote for Treaty as is and not to accept republican reservations (Rep res. was moderate Rep. wanted Article X taken out)

• 24) Did the Treaty pass in the Senate?

– NO (failed on party lines, every Rep. voted against, every Dem. Voted for TofV)

• 25) How did most Senators feel about the Treaty?

– Willing to accept compromises (Europe would have accepted compromises)

• 26) Why is Wilson credited for defeating his own Treaty which he wanted to see pass?

– Wilson refused to compromise and took an all or nothing attitude (US never joined the League of Nations)