World War I - Edl€¦ · World War I- Ch 30 P1 ... (1914-1918)- Why did the war begin? ......
Transcript of World War I - Edl€¦ · World War I- Ch 30 P1 ... (1914-1918)- Why did the war begin? ......
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World War I- Ch 30 P1 • Objective- Students will understand…
• 1) Identify and explain the 3 reasons the US
entered WWI?
• 2) Define propaganda and explain 2 ways
propaganda negatively influenced Americans
(to go against their beliefs).
• 3) Identify two ways the Government increased
it’s role in society (opposite of Laissez-Faire)
• 4) Explain one way that WWI positively effected
Af/Am and women
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WWI (1914-1918)- Why did the war begin? • Nationalism- love for country turns
to hate for neighbor
• Militarism- glorification of war
• Imperialism- race for countries in
Africa and Asia
– Why go to war in Europe for
colonies in Africa?
• Alliances- countries promise to
protect each other
– Triple Entente- England, France,
Russia
– Central Powers- Germany,
Austria-Hungary, Ottoman
Empire
• What country is absent from
these alliances? Why?
• Isolationusm- US stays out of
European affairs
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How the war begins • Archduke Franz Ferdinand- heir
to Austria-Hungary, shot by
Serbs wanting independence
from Aus-Hun
• Alliances- countries declare war
on each other over his death
– Aus-Hun vs. Serbia (ally
Rus.), Rus. Vs Aus (ally Ger),
Ger vs. Russia (ally France.)
Ger vs. France
– Germany invades Belgium to
get to France (ally Eng), Eng
vs. Ger (ally A/H) A/H v Eng
• Who is most responsible for
starting the war?
– US stays out of WWI
for 3 years
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• ID- War! (697)
• Summary 1- What act by the Germans finally forced the US to join WWI?
– Submarine Warfare
• Act of War
• 1) Zimmerman Note
– Proposed alliance b/t Ger. And Mexico
• How does this change the US position in regards to it’s belief of isolationism?
• 2) German U-boats
– Lusitania- Br. Liner sank by Ger sub (1600 people die, 180 Americans)
• 3) Russia
– Surrenders in 1917 (Germany about to win war) Why?
– Russia has a Czar, then Communist) US can say it’s entering the war for democracy and Freedom
– *US declares war Apr 1917 (arrive May 1918)
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• ID- Anti-German Propaganda (698)
• Summary 2- What is the image implying about how the Germans treated the Belgians?
– Germany was the aggressor and attacked Belgium
• Summary 3- Why do you think the US had to rely on such propaganda to get Americans to support the war?
– Many Americans were against fighting in Europe (US sovereignty was not at risk)
– Imperialism- Eur. is fighting for colonies in Africa (US does not need Africa)
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• OI- Creel Manipulates Minds
• 4) What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Opinion
– Create propaganda to get Americans to support the war
– 1st Government propaganda agency
• 5) Give examples of how the German’s were portrayed
– Huns, barbarians, anti-Christian
• 6) What was a problem with the CPO?
– Convinced many Americans to hate all Germans?
• What problems might hating Germans lead to in the US in 1917?
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• ID- Socialist Leader Eugene V. Debs (699)
• Summary 4- Why was Debs thrown imprison? What act allowed
him to be put in prison?
– For speaking out against the war (Espionage Act- made it a
crime to criticize the government)
• Summary 5- Why do you think supporting the poor and
opposing the war go hand in hand?
– The poor fight
– Selective Service Act- 1st military draft since Civil
War
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• OI- Enforcing loyalty and Stifling Dissent
• 6) How did America try to change its Germanic legacies?
– German music not played (Beethoven, Mozart), Ger. books removed, food (Hamburgers=liberty steaks)
• 7) What right did the Espionage Act violate?
– 1st Amendment
• Trading w. Enemy Act- foreign language publications banned
• Sedition Act- unlawful to publish disloyal articles against Gov. Pres. War
-Should the government have the right to supress liberties during war for the safety of the country? Did the Gov. have to go this far?
• 8) What was the importance of Schenk v US?
– Court said Gov. had the right to ban freedom of speech
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Role of the Government- the government takes more power
than ever before to help transform the US into a war machine
(opposite of Laissez-Faire)
• Lever Act- gave Gov. authority
to fix food prices
• Food Administration- (Herbert
Hoover) convinced Americans
to voluntarily save food
(Meatless Tue.)
• Overman Act- gave President
power to set prices of natural
resources during war
– ¼ of Us production went to the war
but food prices doubled and clothing
tripled
• Why was there a lack of goods for
Americans if the country produced
more?
• How did Americans react?
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Labor Force- workers in short supply (Why?
Who will fill the need for more workers?)
• Women- 1 mil. Enter
workforce (take men’s jobs)
• Blacks- Great Migration-
blacks start to leave south
and move to northern cities
– Tension- blacks used as strike
breakers (Scabs)
• Mexicans- imm. increased
to work as farm laborers
– Gov. incentive- open imm, not
be drafted if they worked on
farms
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• ID- Suppressing the Steel Strike (701)
• Summary 6- What was the goal of the workers and how was their dissent crushed?
– Workers wanted wages increased (because inflation has gone up). Police sent in
violently
• Why did the government want to get workers back to work so badly?
• OI- Workers in Wartime
• 9) What was the purpose of the War Industries Board?
– Gov. tell business what to make (Did business support this bill? Explain)
• 10) What was a major concern for workers during the war causing thousands to go
on strike?
– Earn decent wages while their hours and prices went up
– 11) Why were African-American workers often attacked by white workers?
• Business used blacks as SCABS when white workers went on strike
– ?Are white workers to be blamed for attacking black workers who broke
strike line?
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• ID- In the Trenches (703)
• Summary 7-Who is shown walking in the trenches?
– Women nurses
• ID- Suffragists Picket the White House (704)
• Summary 8- What was the appeal women were trying to get
across to Pres. Wilson?
– Allow them the right to vote
• What was hypocritical about Wilson’s claims why the US
was at war and women not being able to vote
– War to bring Freedom and Democracy to Europe (women did
not have freedom at home)
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• OI- Suffering Until Suffrage
• How did women participate in the war effort?
– Took the jobs men had while at war
• Why did Wilson change his mind and believe women earned the right to
vote
– Women did an incredible job helping to support the war with the work
in factories and replacing men at war
– What east coast state gave women the right to vote in 1917?
• New York
– That state giving women a right to vote was a turning point for women’s
rights. Why would that one state have so much clout (think)?
• Most populous state (large percentage of women could now vote)
– What amendment gave women the right to vote?
• 19th
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CH 30 P2 Insights • Objectives- students will understand..
• Identify 3 ways the Treaty of Versailles failed to
solve Europe's problems and lead to WWII
• Analyze why the US refused to sign the (not
join the League of Nations) (putting America
back on a path towards isolationism) by…
– A. Identifying the two sides in the debate
– B. Why each side was so adamant (forceful) in
believing their side was right
– *How the end of WWI leads to WWII
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• ID- Approximate Comparative Losses in WWI (708)
• Summary 1- What two countries lost the most troops? – Russia-1.7 mil
– Germany- 1.6 mil. (1 out of 32 people)
– France- 1.4 mil (1/28 people)
• Summary 2- Why were US casualties so much lower than everyone else? – US only fought for 5 months, other countries fought for 5 years
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• OI- America Helps Hammer the Hun
• 12) Identify the importance of Chateau-Thierry
– 1st engagement of Us troops in WWI (30K US troops
stopped the advance of Ger. Troops only 40 mi. f. Paris
• 13) Identify how large the Battle of Meuse-Argonne was?
– 1 mil US troops in 24 mi. line pushed Ger. for 47 days and
broke German line
• 14) Who was Alvin York?
– American war hero, captured 132 Germans and killed 20 more
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• ID- Wilson in Dover (712)
• Summary 3- How was Pres. Wilson viewed by the European
people? Why?
– As a hero b/c Americas involvement won the war for the
Allies
• Summary 4- From what group of people would he receive a
cooler reception from?
– From the American people and Congress
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14 points- Pres. Wilson’s plan for peace in
postwar Europe • Self-Determination- create new
European countries based on
ethnicities
• Demilitarization- smaller Eur.
Militaries
– Why might France be skeptical of
reducing it’s Army?
• Colonization- free colonial
people in Africa and Asia
– Why would Fr and GB not want to
free there colonies?
• Fair Peace- Don’t punish
Germany
– What could happen if Ger. Is
punished?
• League of nations- int.
organization for countries to talk
and avoid war
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• OI- An Idealist Battles the Imperialists in Paris
• 15) Who was the Big 4?
– Winning ally countries that will decide the terms of post-war Europe
• Great Britain, France, Italy, US (What countries are left out?)
• 16) What was Wilson’s #1 goal in Paris?
– Approval of the League of Nations (international organization for
countries to avoid war by talking)
• 17) What was Wilson’s fear in the peace conference that he tried to stop
in regards to conquered territory?
– That the other three would secretly divide Germany’s colonies among
themselves and leave the problem of colonization alive
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• OI- Hammering out a Treaty, The Peace Treaty that Bred a New War
• 18) Identify something in the treaty that would have upset Germany?
– War guilt clause- Ger. Takes full blame for the war (Was Ger. To
blame?)
– Reparations- Ger. Forced to pay Allies (Fr.) for damages
– Lost land- Ger. Loses all colonies and vital areas of Ger.
• 19) How many of Wilson’s ideas were left in the Treaty?
– 4
• 20) What did Wilson hope would solve the inequalities in the Treaty?
– League of Nations
• What are the key problems with the Treaty of Versailles? Do you
think the T of V will lead to war? Explain
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• ID- Contentious Nuptials (715) DBQ H
• Summary 5- Who is Uncle Sam marrying in the picture?
– Foreign Entanglements (Europe)
• Who is opposed to the marriage in the picture?
– US Senate
• From what book is the pastor reading from?
– League of Nations
• Summary 6- Why would members of the Senate (isolationists) be against
the Treaty of Versailles?
– Fear that joining the LofN would drag the US into war in Europe
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• OI- Defeat Through Deadlock
• 21) Why were many Senators alarmed by Article X?
– Gave Pres. Power to send army to protect League member
• 22) What constitutional power did Congress want to protect for itself?
– War declaring power (Pres. Is in charge of military, but Senate gives Pres. authority to use military
• 23) How did Wilson order Democrats to vote in regards to the Treaty?
– Vote for Treaty as is and not to accept republican reservations (Rep res. was moderate Rep. wanted Article X taken out)
• 24) Did the Treaty pass in the Senate?
– NO (failed on party lines, every Rep. voted against, every Dem. Voted for TofV)
• 25) How did most Senators feel about the Treaty?
– Willing to accept compromises (Europe would have accepted compromises)
• 26) Why is Wilson credited for defeating his own Treaty which he wanted to see pass?
– Wilson refused to compromise and took an all or nothing attitude (US never joined the League of Nations)