World Population Ch. 4 Sec. 1. Demography The study of population -#’s -Ethnicities -Common...
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Transcript of World Population Ch. 4 Sec. 1. Demography The study of population -#’s -Ethnicities -Common...
Demography
The study of population- #’s
- Ethnicities
- Common characteristics
- Distribution/ Density
• The study of human populations, including their size, growth, density, distribution, and rates of births, marriages, and deaths.
Demography
Population Growth
• 1000-1800: 1 billion ppl• 1800-1950: 2 billion ppl
–Doubled in 150 yrs
• 1950-2000: 6 billion ppl–Tripled in 50 years
• By 2050: 9 billion ppl!!
Between 1800 and 1950, the world population doubled, reaching 1
billion.We reached 6 billion in
1999.
At its current rate, we will pass 9 billion by the year
2050.
Growth Rates• Death rate: # of ppl that die every
year per 1,000• Birth rate: # of ppl born every year
per 1,000
• Natural Increase (growth rate)= BR – DR
Growth Rates• Life expectancy- average number of
years ppl live w/ in a given population• Fertility rate- # of live births per 1,000
ppl (avg. amount of children/family)• Infant mortality rate- # of deaths of
infants under 1 yr. per 1,000 live births
• Child mortality rate- # of deaths of children ages 1-5 per 1,000
Growth Rates• How would death rates ?
–Better health care/ meds.–More food–Better technology–Better living conditions,
sanitation(think after Industrial Revolution)
Growth Rates
• Zero Population growth occurs when BR = DR–Usually happens only in wealthy
countries
–Most rural areas have tradition of many kids (farm work)
Growth Rates
• Doubling time:–# of yrs. it takes a pop. to
double in size
–Parts of Asia, Africa, Latin Am. = 25 yrs.
–Wealthy countries = 300 yrs.
Population Problems
• What would be problems of rapid growth?–Enough food to feed all
–Resource shortages (water, housing, clothing)
–Age distribution (too young)
Population Positives• What are good things that come
with growth?–Levels of technology/creativity rises
• Adv. in agriculture
help food prod.
–Enough workers to
keep economy going
Negative Pop. Growth
• Occurs when DR > BR–Not enough workers
–Labor must be brought in problems b/w different cultures
Population Distribution
• Pop. Dist. = pattern of human settlement
• Due to inhospitable land, ppl only live on 1/3 of Earth’s land
• Ecumene= portion of earth occupied by permanent human settlement
• Need 3 things:–Available water, fertile soil, & a good
climate
Which continents are the most densely populated?
What regions tend to be the least populated- think climate?
Which is more populated- urban areas or rural areas?
Population Density• Pop. Dens.= ppl per sq. mile
–Total population / total land area(arithmetic pop. dens.)
• Some countries have wide open areas= low pop. dens.
• Some are tinier countries= high pop. dens.–Ex: Belgium & Niger
Population Density• Uneven distribution- not all land is
usable–Egypt: 99% of pop. lives w/in 20
miles of Nile the rest is desert–Use physiological pop. dens. =
• Total population / total arable land
–181 ppl/sq. mile vs. 5,807 ppl/sq. mile
Based on total land = 181 people per square mile.
Egypt’s Pop.Density
Based on arable land = 5807 people per square mile. 99% of Egyptians live
within 20 miles of the Nile River.
Population Movement
• Migration: ppl move place to place–City to city,
suburb to suburb, rural to urban
Urbanization
• What are reasons to move to the city?–Jobs
–Education
–Land goes bad
–Health care/ social services
½ of world’s population lives in cities!