World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.
-
Upload
jasmine-tate -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
0
Transcript of World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.
![Page 1: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World History
Section 1
THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15TH & 16TH CENTURY
![Page 2: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
BACKGROUND
15th Century Achievements
-Century Rise of Nation-ism among the New Nations
-States of Europe emergence of powerful new nation
-States with assertive Monarchs
-Invention of the Printing Press
-Expansion of Trade & Business Activity
-Renaissance quest for knowledge
-Reconquista completed in Spain- 1492
![Page 3: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MOTIVATING FACTORS FOR EUROPEAN EXPANSION
• Desire to enhance National Prestige (Nationalism)
• Nation Wealth & Territory Prestige for Monarchs.
• Possibility of Personal Wealth, Fame, & Social Prestige.
• Quest for New Geographical knowledge.
• Desire to spread Christianity.
• Intensifying International competition among the powerful Nations.
• States of Europe desire to find new Trade Routes to the East.
• Increase Profits.
![Page 4: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
NEW TECHNOLOGIES THAT IMPACTED EXPLORATION
• Better & faster Ship design
• Printing Press
• More reliable Magnetic Compass
• The invention of the Clock (allowed for new navigational methods- Eventually Longitude)
• Astrolabe- Latitude Navigation
• More accurate Maps
• Gun Powder & New Weapons
-Cannons and Muskets
![Page 5: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SHIPS
![Page 6: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ARMED VESSEL
![Page 7: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PRINTING PRESS
![Page 8: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ASTROLABE
![Page 9: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
NEW WEAPONS 15TH-16TH CENTURY
![Page 10: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
IMPROVED COMPASS
![Page 11: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Section 2
MAJOR NATION- STATES INVOLVED IN EXPLORATION
![Page 12: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PORTUGAL
• Claimed parts of:
-West Africa
-Parts of Asia
-Large Portion of South America (Brazil)
“Treaty of Tordesillas”
Major Emphasis
-Trade & Gold
Slave Trade= West Africa
This created New Products & Spices
![Page 13: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR OF PORTUGAL
• National Policies strongly supported exploration and trade.
• Portugal had a long tradition of navigation and trade.
![Page 14: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
SLAVE TRADE (WEST AFRICA)
• African slaves were brought to the New World to primarily work in agriculture.
• Portugal was the major slave trading European nation.
![Page 15: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SPAIN
Claimed=
(Caribbean Islands)
(Central America) – Except *Brazil
(Mexico)
(South West North America)
(Philippines)
![Page 16: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
FERDINAND & ISABELLA OF SPAINSUPPORTED, “EXPLORATION” & “EXPANSION”
![Page 17: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
KING FERDINAND & QUEEN ISABELLA OF SPAIN
![Page 18: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
MAJOR EMPHASIS
• Accumulation of Gold & Silver
• Expansion of Trade
• Farming- Sugar Plantations
• Some Slave Trade- “Limited” -Spain outlawed the slave trade in the 1700’s
• Active in the Spread of Christianity
-(Jesuits Missionaries)
• Enhance personal Prestige & Social Standing
-Strict Social Hierarchy in Spain
-(Feudal in many respects)
![Page 19: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
LINE OF DEMARCATION 1493
• Official agreement that divided the territories claimed by Spain & Portugal in the New World.
• Imaginary line drawn by Pope Alexander VI
• Lands East of the Line (Portugal)
• Lands West of the line (Spain)
![Page 20: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
LINE OF DEMARCATION
![Page 21: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
LINE OF DEMARCATION
![Page 22: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
ENGLAND
• East Coast of North America
• Canada
• India
![Page 23: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
MAJOR EMPHASIS
• Expansion of Territory
• Trade
• New Opportunities for Middle Class
• Fleeing Religious persecution
![Page 24: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
MAJOR EUROPEAN EXPLORERS • Vasco De Gama- first to sail around the Cape of Good
Hope.
• Magellan- first voyage to circumnavigate the globe .
• Columbus- first European voyage to arrive in the New World.
• Cortez- conquest of the Aztec Empire in Mexico.
• Pizarro- conquest of the Incan Empire in Peru.
• Balboa- first to see the Pacific Ocean- Crossed Panama (isthmus)
• Ponce De Leon- explored Florida.
• Coronado- first European to see the Grand Canyon and explore the southern U.S.
![Page 25: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
VASCO DE- GAMA (PORTUGUESE)
![Page 26: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
MAGELLAN (PORTUGUESE)
• Magellan did not survive the voyage.
• Of the 270 men who began the voyage around the Globe, only 18 finished and returned to Europe.
• Magellan died April 27th, 1521
![Page 27: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
MAGELLAN TIME LINE
![Page 28: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
MAP OF MAGELLAN’S VOYAGE
![Page 29: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ANOTHER LOOK AT MAGELLAN’S TRIP
![Page 30: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
COLUMBUS- (ITALIAN)LED 3 VOYAGES TO THE NEW WORLD
![Page 31: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
NINA, PINTA, SANTA MARIA
![Page 32: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
CORTEZ (SPANISH) DEFEATED “AZTEC EMPIRE”
![Page 33: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
AZTEC EMPIRE DEFEATED
![Page 34: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
PIZARRO (SPANISH)
![Page 35: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
PIZARRO- CONQUEST OF THE INCAN EMPIRE (PERU)
![Page 36: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
INCAN EMPIRE IN PERU(THE ANCIENT INCAN CITY OF “MACHU PICCHU”)
![Page 37: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
BALBOA• Crossing the
Isthmus of Panama (Pacific Ocean)
• First European to cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Oceans.
![Page 38: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
CORONADO EXPLORED THE SOUTHWEST U.S.(GRAND CANYON)
![Page 39: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Section 3
LABOR & INDUSTRY IN THE NEW WORLD
![Page 40: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
“ENCOMIENDA”
• Tribute Labor System= native peoples were required to give labor to the European settlers.
![Page 41: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
MINING• Silver Mines @
POTOSI.
• Vast amounts of (Gold) & (Silver) were sent to Spain from the New World.
• Primary Labor Force was “Indigenous Population”
![Page 42: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
PLANTATIONS- SUGAR BECAME A MAJOR EXPORT CROP.NATIVE PEOPLE & AFRICAN SLAVES WORKED THE FARM AND PLANTATIONS.
![Page 43: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
15TH & 16TH CENTURY ECONOMIC MODEL“MERCANTILISM”
• Based on the accumulation of Gold & Silver (precious metals)
• Gold and Silver were the measure of Wealth (not Business of Production)
• The PURPOSE of the economy was “Serve the State”
• Trade was focused on primarily on Exporting and selling goods in the new colonies.
• Little Capital investment in business.
• Colonial holdings were seen as:
-A source of Raw Materials
-Markets for European Goods
![Page 44: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Section 4
THE IMPACT OF EUROPEAN EXPANSION- AGE OF EXPLORATION
![Page 45: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
TRIANGLE OF TRADE
![Page 46: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
ECONOMIC
• Rapid economic growth and increase in business activity.
• Vast amounts of Gold & Silver flooded into Europe.
• Prices of Good rose due to INFLATION and MERCANTILIST economic policies.
• Expanded opportunities for the rising middle class.
• Majority of Europeans saw little improvement in their “Standard of Living.”
• CAPITALISM began to emerge –(exception was in Spain)
![Page 47: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
POLITICAL
• Western Europe began to Dominate the Globe
-(New land were claimed and colonized)
-(Western political models were installed)
• The “Rivalry” between the Nation-States of Europe intensified.
• International tension grew.
![Page 48: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
SOCIETAL
• Social values began to be more focused on MATERIAL WEALTH and SOCIAL STANDING.
• Growing SECULAR trends.
• Rising MIDDLE CLASS benefitted from New economic & social opportunities.
• POWER & WEALTH in the colonies came to be concentrated in the hands of few.
-(Social & Economic issues have continued to PLAGUE these regions as a result of this trend.)
![Page 49: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
RELIGIOUS
• Christianity spread across the Globe
-(The Americas)
-(Parts of Asia)
• Christian Missionaries worked to Convert Native populations
-(The Jesuits were very active)
-(Started Missions)
-(Established Schools)
• Very often Conversations were forced and or coerced; however, many truly converted to Christianity.
• Christianity of blended with traditional religious beliefs and practices
-(Know as Syncretism)
![Page 50: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
GLOBAL
• Millions of Africans were imported to the New World as Slaves.
• Animals were brought to the Americas
-(Horses & Cattle)
• New Plants and Crops were Exchanged
-Tomatoes
-Potatoes
-Corn
-Early forms of pain killers (developed by Natives)
![Page 51: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS
• Native populations in the New World were “Decimated.”
-Estimated that from (1500)-(1600) the populations shrank from 20 million to 2 million.
Causes:
~Disease & Malnutrition
~War & Conflict
~Harsh Labor
![Page 52: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS MIXED WITH EUROPEANS & AFRICANS
~New Cultural and Racial Groups
~Blending of Cultures
Language
Religion
Customs
Music
Art
![Page 53: World History Section 1 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION 15 TH & 16 TH CENTURY.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649cec5503460f949b86e7/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The End.
THE AGE OF EXPLORATION WAS IN MANY WAYS A REFLECTION OF THE
IDEALS AND VALUES OF THE RENAISSANCE.