ALEX, SANTIAGO, MONIKA, KEN, MEINE, CHERYL, YIGEZU, TODD, LOTTE, BRUNO, PABLO

HARMONIZATION VERSUS DIVERSITY

Propositions

A: Yes, but…

B: Yes

Local learning (development)

Exte

rnal

lear

ning

(aca

dem

ic)

..

.

.. ..

.

.

e.g. ADSB reports 2007/8

NPV, $/Ha

Carb

on st

ock,

tC/H

aSlope indicates emissions per gain in $/ha

Tradeoff at land use system level

oppo

rtun

ity c

ost,

$/t C

O2e

,

Cumulative emissions

Emission reduction poten-tial for given C price

Opportunity cost at landcape scale

Rural income (increasing)

Rural income (declining)

C stock (increasing)

C stock (decreasing)

Dynamic land use scenario model

Agents with variation in resource base, moti-vation, live-lihood stra-tegies.interactingwith rules & policies Agent-based land use change model

e.g. ASB-II reports of 1990’s

e.g. FALLOW scenarios

I II

III

IV

Four levels of analyzing opportunity costs

SYSTEM PROPERTIES SYSTEM PROPERTIES + SPATIAL DETAIL

SYSTEM PROP. + SPATIAL + PEOPLE

SYSTEM PROP. SPATIAL PEOPLE

PRINCIPLES

CRITERIA

INDICATORS

METRICS

Specificity

A: Indicators

Context + Mechanisms = Outcomes

BUFFER = 1 – variance with/variance without

0

50

100

Scenario 1.2 Scenario 1.3

Value of AgriculturalProduction

Employment generation

Food (Grain) SelfSufficiency

Forage SelfSufficiency

Soil losses

Biocidesprayed

Value of Production variation with rainfall

Value of Productionvariation with prices

Value of Agricultural production in Dry years

Value of Agricultural production with low prices

Food (Grain) Self Sufficiencyin Dry years

0

50

100

Scenario 1.2 Scenario 1.3

Value of AgriculturalProduction

Employment generation

Food (Grain) SelfSufficiency

Forage SelfSufficiency

Soil losses

Biocidesprayed

Value of Production variation with rainfall

Value of Productionvariation with prices

Value of Agricultural production in Dry years

Value of Agricultural production with low prices

Food (Grain) Self Sufficiencyin Dry years

(López-Ridaura, 2005)

Evaluation

System 1 System 2