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Working in Groups

PART FOUR

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Working in Teams

Chapter Summary

Characteristics of Groups and TeamsTypes of Groups and TeamsApproaches to Working in Groups and

Teams

Pro!em"So!#ing Communication$ffecti#e Communication in Groups and

Teams

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Characteristics of Groups and Teams

Characteristics of Teams

Si%e &fi#e to se#en

peop!e'(nteraction

(nterdependence

)urationGoa! )irectedness

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Characteristics of Groups and Teams

What Makes a Group a Team?

C!ear and (nspiring Shared Goa!s

Resu!ts")ri#en Structure

Competent Team *emers

Unified Commitment

Continued...

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Characteristics of Groups and Teams

What Makes a Group a Team?

Co!!aorati#e C!imate

Standards for $+ce!!ence

$+terna! Support and Recognition

Princip!ed ,eadership

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Types of Groups and Teams

Face"to"Face Teams

-irtua! Teams

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Approaches to Working in Groups and

Teams Centralized Leadership

Trait Approach &physica! attracti#e. sociai!ity. inte!!igence.

desire for !eadership. and origina!ity'

Sty!e Approach &authoritarian. democratic. and !aisse%"faire'

Contingency Approaches &est !eadership sty!e is f!e+i!e'

&!eader memer re!ations/ task structure/ and !eader0spo1ers'

,ife cyc!e Approach

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Approaches to Working in Groups and

Teams Self!irected Work Teams

When to Use Se!f")irected Teams

Characteristics of Se!f")irected TeamsTechnica! or Functiona! $+pertisePro!em"So!#ing and )ecision"

*aking Ski!!s

(nterpersona! Ski!!s

Continued...

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Approaches to Working in Groups and

Teams Self!irected Work Teams

Shared Po1er in Groups

,egitimate 2 Position Po1erCoerci#e Po1er &po1er to punish'Re1ard Po1er$+pert Po1er

Referent Po1er(nformation Po1erConnection Po1er

Continued...

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Approaches to Working in Groups and

Teams,eadership $mergenceChosen y methods of residues. consisting of t1o

phases3

(f you are in a run for a !eadership position4Ta!k often)on0t push too hard3Sho1 your competence3

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"ro#lemSol$ing Communication

%eflecti$e Thinking Se&uence

)efine the Pro!em

Ana!y%e the Pro!em$sta!ish Criteria for a So!utionConsider Possi!e So!utions to the Pro!em)ecide on a So!ution

(mp!ement the So!utionFo!!o1 Up on the So!ution

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"ro#lemSol$ing Communication

Stages in Group "ro#lem Sol$ing

Orientation Phase

Conf!ict Phase$mergence PhaseReinforcement Phase

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"ro#lemSol$ing Communication

Stages in Group "ro#lem Sol$ing

Figure 8"54 Cyc!ica! Stages in an Ongoing Group

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Consensus

*a6ority -ote*inority )ecision$+pert OpinionAuthority Ru!eChoice of a )ecision"*aking *ethod

"ro#lemSol$ing Communication

!ecisionMaking Methods

Continued...

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Choice of a )ecision"*aking *ethod

What Type of )ecision is 7eing *ade9o1 (mportant is the )ecision9o1 *uch Time is A#ai!a!eWhat Are the Persona! Re!ationships Among

*emers

"ro#lemSol$ing Communication

!ecisionMaking Methods

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Sometimes an indi#idua!0s goa! in a group is

identica! to the shared goa! of the group3Pro!em0s occur 1hen an indi#idua!0s goa!

conf!icts 1ith the group3See Ta!e 8":4 Group Process -aria!es

Associated 1ith Producti#ity

'ffecti$e Communication in Groups and

Teams %ecognize (oth Group and "ersonal Goals

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$nforcing ;orms of the Group or Team

)e!aying Action9inting Aout the -io!ation)iscussing the Pro!em Open!yRidicu!ing and )eriding the -io!ator

Re6ecting or (so!ating the )e#iant

'ffecti$e Communication in Groups and

Teams "romote !esira#le )orms

Continued...

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Create )esira!e ;orms $ar!yComp!y 1ith $sta!ished ;orms

Whene#er Possi!e

'ffecti$e Communication in Groups and

Teams "romote !esira#le )orms

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'ffecti$e Communication in Groups and

Teams

Shared or Compati!e Goa!sProgress To1ards Goa!s

Shared ;orms or -a!ues*inima! Fee!ings of Threat Among *emers(nterdependence Among *emersCompetition from Outside the GroupShared Group $+periences

"romote an *ptimal Le$el of Cohesi$eness

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'ffecti$e Communication in Groups and

Teams(!!usion That the Group is (n#u!nera!eTendency to Rationa!i%e or )iscount ;egati#e (nformationWi!!ingness to (gnore $thica! or *ora! Conse

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'ffecti$e Communication in Groups and

Teams

Conduct a Warm"Up Session

Generate Possi!e So!utions$!iminate )up!icate (deas$#a!uate (deas

'ncourage Creati$ity