Women Empowerment Case Studies

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Case Studies of Womens Empowerment

Activities at Grass Root Level

Indonesia National Family Planning Population Board (BKKBN), May 2010

Muhammad Dawam

How Can We Improve Women Income?


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Buying foods

or pills for

birth control.?


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Indonesia family norm: NKKBS (Small familysize and prosperity)

Prosperity through productive economy

activities The are 30 percent poor families in

Indonesia (34 million, Central Statistics

Board, 2008) Most of poor family planning acceptors

have no income generating activities.

INTRODUCTION


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What Does this Mean for Indonesia

Policy ?

Needs of these women are so

great that the present, women

empowerment program should be

strengthened from central

government.


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1976 Income Generating Project focused onFamily Planning Performance (RegionalApproach)

1979 Family Planning Group Acceptors (UPPKA)1996 Family Welfare Group (UPPKS)

More support from Central and LocalGovernment Budget, International Donor

Agencies such as UNFPA, USAID, etc.;Private Sectors/Companies1997 2003 Family Welfare Fund Foundation -

(YDSM)

CENTRALIZATION PERIOD:


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2006 2009: Social assistance Rp. 5 million per

Income Generating Group2010 Household Industry Credit from Rp. 5 25

million (KRISTA) per group by MortgageCompany (accessed in 19 provinces)

Current other supports from: Financial Institution(State/private Banks, Local GovernmentBudgets, Foundation, Companies)

DECENTRALIZATION PERIODE:


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THE GOAL OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY:

TO INCREASE FAMILY EMPOWERMENT

[GOVERNMENT WORKING PLAN 2009]

PLAN OF ACTION:

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM

THE LEGAL ASPECT


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Women empowerment program through income

generating activities purposes:

1. New family planning acceptors contribution

(low contraceptive prevalence rate regions)2. Family planning acceptor supervision (high

contraceptive prevalence rate regions).


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FAMILY ECONOMY EMPOWERMENT MODEL

FATHER MOTHER

CHILDREN

FAMILY

SOCIAL

Environment

NaturalResources

Economic

Resources

Productive Economy Business

Empowerment

MG Ana Budi Rahayu,

Bina Swadaya Website, 2008


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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INCOME

GENERATING

PROMOTIONS

ACHIEVEMENT

MOTIVA

TION

TRAINING

ACCESS TO:

INFORMATI

ON &

SERVICES

FAMILIESINCOME

GENERA

TING

WOMEN EMPOWERNMENT PROGRAM

[Letter NO.332/HK.010/F3/2008, Income Generating Group

Guidance BKKBN, 2008]

PARTNERS:

RELATED SECTORS

FINANCE INSTITUTIONS

ASSOCIATION

PRIVATE


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UPPKS MANAGEMENT

Human resources (training, technical assistance,

internship, study tour).

Partnership (human resources, product, capital,

business management, marketing).

Networking (parties or individual supports).

Product development (SNI/Indonesia National

Standard).

Group facilitation to access more capital. Marketing facilitation through join market,

promotion on local/national events.


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WHY DO WE CARE OF INCOME GENERATING

GROUP (UPPKS) ?

Beyond Family Planning As a media to

motivate reproductive age couples and to

keep the continuation of contraceptive users

The impact: to increase family stage started

from Pre Prosperous Family Prosperous

Family (PF) stage 1 PF stage 2 PF stage 3PF stage 3 plus


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HOW DO INCOME GENERATING GROUP

ACTIVITIES WORK?

Local Family Planning Board motivates, facilitate(funds, training), and developing the local human skilland natural resources.

Partnership with sectors concern.

Supervising along with local sectors

Managed by Family Planning Field Workers (in thevillage level) operational, monitoring andevaluation.

As a learning process at the family level


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TRADITIONAL BUSINESS

Harvesting

Processing

Packaging

Selling


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INCOME GENERATING GROUP (UPPKS):

CYCLIS MODEL

PLAN OFACTION

PROCESSING

PACKAGINGMARKETING

COSTBENEFITS


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INCOME GENERATING GROUP (UPPKS):

HIERARCHICAL MODEL

GROUPLEADERS

INDIVIDUAL BEAUTICIAN

INDIVIDUAL STAPLE FOOD

INDIVIDUAL HANDICRAFT


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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF FAMILY BUSINESS

50

34

16

Age Groups

41 Plus

31-40

30 Below

Source: Indonesia MiddleDevelopment Plan Survey, 2008

Total of 5.4

thousand

families


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Source: Indonesia Middle

Development Plan Survey, 2008


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Source: Indonesia MiddleDevelopment Plan Survey, 2008


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CURRENT PROFILE OF INDONESIA

INCOME GENERATING GROUP (UPPKS)[The Percentage of Group Levels]

Source: Family Economy Directorate website,UPPKS Baseline, May 2010

Total of: 65

thousand

groups


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INCOME GENERATING GROUP (UPPKS)

[The Percentage Type of Businesses]

Total of: 65

thousand

groupsSource: Family Economy Directorate website,UPPKS Baseline, May 2010


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INCOME GENERATING GROUP (UPPKS)[The Percentage of Current family Planning Acceptors]

Total of: 1.2

million

membersSource: Family Economy Directorate website,UPPKS Baseline, May 2010


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THE CASE STUDY OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

Title: Factors Affecting on Credits Installment Problems, 2000

[Management Aspect]

Results: Lack of business motivation

Wrong type of business (not market oriented) Did not have entrepreneurship behaviorWithout skill (traditional) Unqualified product

Locations: West Java and Lampung Provinces

Recommendations: Achievement motivation training intervention. Provide appropriate technological tools/machinery. Saving habit.


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Recommendations: Advocacy and facilitation to develop soft loan from the

local funding sources (BRI, Cooperation, Companies).

Provide technical assistance on group management(making proposal, access to local financial institutions).


Title: Income Generating Group Development, 2002

[Management Aspect]

Locations: West Java, Cental Java, Bali Provinces

Results: The end of Prosperous Family Credit (YDSM) MOU

Many business uncertainty continuing. The new credits scheme inappropriate for the poor.

Lack of coordination with partners (sectors and orfinancial institutions).


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Title: The Impact Of Family Welfare Credit, 2003

[Management Aspect]

Locations: West Sumatera and Yogyakarta Provinces

Results: Province program Managers lack of supervision on

economic productive techniques (paid more attentions

on credit management revolving funds, reporting). Limited managerial and technical training to Family

Planning Field Workers and Village CommunityInstitutions

Lack of community leaders and local partners

participations.

Recommendations: Province propose capacity building on management and

technical training to program managers. Provide technical guidance on economic productive up to

village level.


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Group activities continuations:

Existing supervision

Providing technical support

Group Leaders pioneering (Transparencies, building

trust, closeness).

Group product continuations:

Self motivations

Entrepreneurship Capital (internal capital collection a plus)

Technical skills

Products quality (output)

One Group Pilot Project in a sub district policy.


Title: The Evaluation on Income Generating Group (UPPKS)

Performance, 2008 [Management Aspect]

Locations: Central Java, South Sulawesi, and BangkaBelitung Provinces


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Results: Various strategies implementation among districts

(approach: community, and family level).

The activities tend to be income generating project itself.

Family planning group activities were not integratedyet.


Title: Income Generating Group (UPPKS) Reposition, 2009

[Management Aspect]

Locations: Papua, South Sulawesi, and North SulawesiProvinces

Recommendations:Back to beyond family planning through:

Focusing on the affected target (reproductive ageacceptors)

Developing integrated family planning group activities

across related components in all managerial levels


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OPERATIONAL RESEARCH ON INCOME GENERATING GROUP

MODEL INTERVENTION

Building a dream

Capability and self reliance

A succeeded entrepreneur (exposure)

Choosing business type (market observation)

Increasing quantity and quality of the products

Marketing

Budget management

Group management Business supervision

Products skills (practice)

Integrated family planning activities and services

DEVELOPED IN 1998 REPLICATED IN: 2000, 2008 AND 2009


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LESSON LEARNED

BASED ON THE WOMEN EMPOWERMENT CASE

STUDIES:

Indonesia NFPCB/BKKBN:

During three decades most of Income GeneratingGroup are at basic level.

The intensity of information and commitment to

access the local capital sources needed by BKKBNinstitution at districts (BRI, PT Pegadaian, etc).

Provincial supervision strengthen the womenempowerment program at district level.

Districts BKKBN commitment and support keep

the program continuation. The Family Planning Field Workers hold a key

position to maintain the group development andquality.


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LESSON LEARNED


STUDIES:

Income Generating Group (UPPKS):

The group should be managed professionally

The group Cyclic Model are recommended (managable:

organization dynamic, administrative and finance, product).

Group achievement motivation training is a prerequisite. The group initiative on internal saving guarantee the group life

and development:

principal deposit

compulsory saving

voluntary savingIslamic day saving

recreational saving


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LESSON LEARNED


STUDIES FOUND THAT:

Women empowerment contribution/ outcomes:

Decision making on the economic activities

More women get involved in the productiveeconomy activities

Family expenditures support (e.g.: schoolexpenses, extra meals, charity, etc.)

Social status impact (invitation for the UPPKSleader champion to meet The President)

Basic family health contribution


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LESSON LEARNED FROM THE WOMEN

EMPOWERMENT CASE STUDIES

Succeeded indicators: the increase number of

members, groups, types of products, group

level.

Recruitment level: should be focused on

reproductive age group (20-35 years old), and

not the beginner entrepreneurs.


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Please remember

that these women

need our help to

have more

empowerment.

Let us act now.


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Reposition/strengthen the Women EmpowermentProgram with more coordination Between Head of

BKKBN and Ministry of Trade and Industry.

Changing mind set to distribute more local

operational budgetary (Specific Allocation Budget).

Ensuring that the 65,000.00 groups meet the

capitals they need through the central government

commitments (Executive and Legislative). Stronger commitment and support to Districts

BKKBN.

What Needs to be Done:


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Estimating Cost for Capital Support

By the year 2011:

65,000.00 groups x $ 500.00 US=

$ 32,500,000.00 U.S.A


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NEEDED MORE CAPITALS SOURCES

ALTERNATIVES:

Local budgets (districts/municipalities)Finance institutions: banks, mortgages

Association for Family Planning Income Generating

Groups

Private: companies, charity board (YDSM)


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Women Empowerment Case Studies

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