Wireless Communication Systems - TU Berlin · PDF file2 Overview of the Wireless Communication...
Transcript of Wireless Communication Systems - TU Berlin · PDF file2 Overview of the Wireless Communication...
Wireless Communication Systems
Walter Konhäuser VL-Nr. 0432 L 615
Institut für Telekommunikationssysteme Fachgebiet Theoretische Grundlagen der Kommunikationstechnik
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Content overview: 1 Basics of Mobile Communication 2 Overview of the Wireless Communication Systems 3 Broadband Access 4 GSM 5 Enhanced GSM 6 3G Systems 7 Beyond 3G – 4G 8 Industry Applications 9 Economics 10 Health aspects 11 References
Migration of mobile Networks towards the vision of an EVERNET
Circuit switched CS voice / packet data IP core
GSM
UMTS
UWC-136
CDMA
2G HSCSD
end to end IP
GPRS EDGE
WLAN WIFI/Wimax 802.11a ....
802.16
IMT-2000 CDMA Multi-Carrier
EVERNET
Ad hoc Networks
HSPA LTE
LTE Advanced
Bluetooth
2G 3G and 4G 9.6-14.4 kbps
evolved 2G
64-144 kbps 384 kbps-2 Mbps 1000 Mbps? 384 kbps-20 Mbps
3GPP Rel 0x IMT-2000 CDMA
Direct Spread + TDD
D-AMPS
IS 95
GPRS/EDGE IMT-2000 TDMA
Single-Carrier
GPRS EDGE
CDMA 2000
Includes Vertical Handover between
Technologies
PDC 2G PDC
PDC Packet
3GPP Rel 99
5G
?
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TDMA FDMA CDMA OFDMA
f f
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f
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• Time Division • Frequency Division • Code Division • Frequency Division • Orthogonal subcarriers
Multiple Access Methods
User 1 User 2 User 3 User ..
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Re-use of • Sites and
infrastructure • Backhauling • Frequency bands
Key benefits for operators and end-user
User experience à ARPU
Scalable bandwidth Low cost per Mbyte
Investment Protection
3G HSPA HSPAevo LTE …
Cost per Mbyte Optimized spectrum usage
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
900 MHz
900 MHz GSM
or
GSM UMTS
LTE
HSPA HSPA LTE evo
Throughput Latency
Low Costs
HSPA HSPA LTE evo
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The Beauties of LTE
Channel only changes amplitude and phase of subcarriers
Fast Link Adaptation
due to channel
behaviour
Short TTI = 1 ms Transmission time interval
Advanced Scheduling Time & Freq.
TX RX
Tx Rx MIMO
Channel
DL: OFDMA
UL: SC-FDMA
scalable
ARQ Automatic Repeat
Request
64QAM Modulation
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Uplink – Single Carrier FDMA
SC-FDMA: PRB‘s are grouped to bring down Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) > better power efficiency at the terminal
1.4 MHz = 72 Tones 20 MHz = 1200 Tones
Subchannels / Tones (each 15 kHz)
1 TTI = 1ms
1 PRB (Physical Resource Block) = 12 Subcarriers = 180 kHz
1 PRB = 2 Slots = 2 * 0.5 ms
User 1
User 2
User 3
User ..
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Downlink - OFDM Subchannels / Tones (each 15 kHz)
1 TTI = 1ms
1 PRB (Physical Resource Block) = 12 Subcarriers = 180 kHz
1 PRB = 2 Slots = 2 * 0.5 ms
1.4 MHz = 72 Tones 20 MHz = 1200 Tones User 1
User 2
User 3
User ..
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Mobility
HLR/HSS (AAA)
IMS Operator Services
DNS: Domain Name Server GTP: GPRS Tunnel Protocol MIP: Mobile IP SGSN*: upgraded 2G/3G SGSN ( LTE capable)
UE Identifier Global IP Address
MME
Serving GW
DNS
SGSN* BTS/NB
RNC/
BSC
eNode B
I-WLAN CDMA2000 WiMAX ……
PDN GW (HA)
ePDG for I-WLAN PDSN for CDMA2000 ASN-GW for WiMAX
…….
Service Layer Access Independent
Global Mobility
Access Specific Local Mobility
UE Global IP PoA
UE 3GPP IP PoA
BS
GTP
GTP
MIP
Internet / Corporate Services
GTP
(FA)
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• 1 Touch deployment : • Flexi Multimode BTS pre-
configuration in factory • Shipping to site • Site preparation and eNB installation by
field service – plug & play: • eNB gets automatically connected and
configured from NetAct • eNB gets automatically integrated into the
access-, core- and network-management networks
Self-Configuration
V
Factory Assembly & Pre-Configuration
On-site installation (Field service)
Auto connection & configuration, remote commissioning
SAE-GW / PDN-GW
MME
Network Management
eNB
How to decrease Radio Network energy consumption and CO2 emissions?
• Reduce energy consumption per BTS site – Use more energy efficient BTS – Reduce site power consumption
• Increase site temperature • Use Outdoor BTS
– Optimize energy consumption versus traffic
• Reduce the number of BTS sites – Increase cell coverage – Share networks
• Use renewable energy sources – Solar cells, wind and hybrid solutions on site – Green energy: hydro, wind and bio generated grid
electricity
Source:NSN
LTE introduction
1st worldwide trials Berlin, Nov. 2007
Upcoming key technologies
Bandwidth Extension
Relaying
MIMO 8x 4x
IMT-A / LTE-A
Backwards compatibility LTE
Smooth evolution
IMT-A
LTE-Advanced - (3GPP Rel. 10) A technology candidate for IMT-advanced
Global platform for the next generations of mobile services
Cooperative Systems
5G: Extended Areas of Applications with Data Exchange
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Mobility Industry
Energy
Real Estate
New Areas: - Future Cars (car-to-car communication, realtime navigation, etc, - Industry 4.0 (plant of the future) - Energy (decentralized energy production and energy storage - Real Estate (Metering, consumption control)
Technology Issues 5G
• New Chip Technologies • New Network Architecture with distributed Service Platforms • New Hirachy of Cloud Platforms, e.g. Mobile Edge Clouds for • Basestations, Mini Clouds on local level and less central Clouds • New Operating Systems and Network Protocols • Tactile Internet
– High Availability – High Reliability – High Security
• New Diversity Concept for Frequency, Place and Infrastructure • Future Machine to Machine Communication with new
Authentification techniques to support Applications with high Security and Realtime Requirements
• New Antenna technique with controlled and intelligent beaming 14