Wind Power : the way forward in India

Dr.S.GomathinayagamExecutive Director

Centre for Wind Energy TechnologyChennai 600100ed@cwet.res.in

• History and Status of W.E• Road Map for 15 years• Gaps in existing systems• Issues of supply chain, manpower,

and grid stability

History of wind energy in India

• Two Oil Shocks of 1970s gave CASE-1981 (Commission on Alternate Sources of Energy) under DST

• DNES-1982 (Department of Non-conventional Energy Sources) MoEnergy

• First Demonstration wind farm in IndiaMullaikadu, Tuticorin, 1984 55kW (BHEL) 1986 10x55kW (WindMatic)

History of wind energy in India

• 1985- Veraval Gujrat

• Demonstration wind farms in 11 states 73MW ( 0.4%)

• MNES – 1992 Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources

• MNRE – 2006 Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MoState-Independent charge)

• MNRE- 2009 (Independent Cabinet ranked Ministry)

What can we Design ? in HAWT

4 10/4/2013

Power (translation) = Force x Velocity = (P=F V)

Power (rotation) = Torque x rotational speed = (P=T x Ω)

Power(Energy) = Kinetic Energy x mass flow rate= (P= KE*m)

Pwind = Cp 1/2 pAV3

Cp efficiency (“Betz” max. = 16/27) = 0.59

Pwind = Cp 1/2 ρAV3

Cp

A

1871.2052478.885

3593.5

5341.66

7119.92

8704.175

10188.18

11752.83

14097.48

17277.255

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Cumulative Installed Capacity in India (MW)

STATUS of wind energy in India , 19GW

(July 2013)

238.955

607.68

1114.615

1748.16 1778.26

1584.2551484.005

1564.65

2344.65

3179.775

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Annual Capacity addition in India (MW)

STATUS of wind energy in India , Annual 1.7GW

in 2012-13 ACCELERATED

DECREASE in

CAPACITY

ADDITION

3.2 GW to 1.7GW

??????

594

651680

801 797

867902

932

998

1140

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Average rated capacity of wind turbines (last ten years)

STATUS of wind energy in India , Average Rated Capacity/WTG

Cumulative Rated Capacity/WTGDemo = 184 kWPrivate= 843 kW

CUF increases

With MW class

Turbines

Development in Size

Year MaximumCapacity

2001 900 kW

2002 950 kW

2003 1500 kW

2004 1650 kW

2005 1650 kW

2006 2100 kW

2007 2100 kW

2008 2100 kW

2009 2100 kW

2010 2500 kW

2011 2500 kW

2012 2500 kW

Andhra Pradesh

Goa

Gujarat

Karnataka

Kerala

Madhya Pradesh

Maharastra

Orissa

Rajasthan

Tamilnadu

STATUS of wind energy in India WTG-capacity

STATUS of wind energy in India WTG-capacity Old & New

Global Technology Trends in SIZES

Enercon E126 7.5MW Repower 6M Series Siemens SWT-6.0 150

10. GE 4.1‐113

9. Gamesa G10X

Sinovel SL6000Areva M5000 XEMC 5MW

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Statewise Cumulative Installed capacity (MW)

Andrapradesh

Gujarat

Karnataka

Kerala

Madhyapradesh

Maharastra

Rajasthan

Tamilnadu

STATUS of wind energy in India

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Statewise Cumulative Generation (MW)

Andrapradesh

Gujarat

Karnataka

Kerala

Madhyapradesh

Maharastra

Rajasthan

TamilNadu

Private profit to power Public Grid

STATUS of wind energy in India NO “AD”

Effect

anymore

AD is welcome For small investors

Let IPPsSell WTGslike RealEsttUrban Flats ?

10%

19%

25%

31%

15%

225-500 kW 501-1000 kW

1001-1500 kW 1501-2000 kW

2000-2500 kW

11%

81%

8%

Lattice Tubular Steel Combination

4%

42%35%

19%

Class I Class II Class III Class S

10%0%

6%

15%

4%15%29%

21%

<30m 31-40m 41-50m 51-60m 61-70m 71-80m 81-90m 91-100m

43%

9%15%

33%

Induction Generator

Synchronous Generator with Electrically exicted

Synchronous Generator with Permanent Magnet

Double Fed Induction Generator

STATUS of wind energy in India WTGs

• Nacelle 100% Indian By GoI policy Assembly

• Gear 37.5% Indian ,( US, Finland, SpainUK, China, Germany)

• Generator 44.2% Indian ,( US, France, SpainSwiss, Italy, China, Germany)

• Controls 42.9% Indian (Denmark, Germany, US)

• Blade 38.9% Indian ( Finland, SpainDenmark, China, Brazil)

GREAT OPPORTUNITIES TO BE No.1 in WTG Manufacturing overtaking China in Quality and in Reliability ; ARAI did gave affordable but usable CAR

STATUS of 18 Manuf. 43 WTGs in India ; Is there a WTRAI ?

STATUS of wind energy in India WTGs

0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00

100.00120.00

225

250

250

500

600

600

1500

Rotor Diameter (m)

Rotor Diameter (m)

020000400006000080000

100000

225

250

320

500

600

1500

Nacelle Weight (Kg)

Nacelle Weight (Kg)

05

10152025

0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00

Rotor Weight/m2

Rotor Weight/m2Linear (Rotor Weight/m2)

0500

1000150020002500

0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00

Tower Weight/m

Tower Weight/m

Linear (Tower Weight/m)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

0 1000 2000 3000

Nacelle Weight/kWTotal Weight/kW

Infirmity ? Nature + man made design of power curve

LESS OR NO WIND Wind below

rated capacity

Excess WIND Good TURBINEOperating GRID

POWER and ENERGY, RESEARCH NEED

for Site Specific of WTG operation

WIND

WIND M/C POWER

SITE-SPECIFIC

MACHINE-SPECIFIC

INDIA SPECIFIC

DESIGNS ?

12-17m/s

6-7 m/s

WE-Road Map for 15 years

• Investment Grade Wind Resource for large 225kW+ and Small WTGs

• National Wind Mission atleast till 2020• Consortium mode cost reduction• Higher Wind power with forecasting & Energy storage

techniques (Wind Must)• Evacuation and tariff payment Guarantee• Offshore Wind Power realisation (Multi-purpose Projects)• Offgrid Wind-solar Hybrids • Focussed Exclusive R&D to address issues• Full exploitation of Manuf.Capacity 5000MW/year• Consolidation and sustaining Supply Chain • Effective and barrier less Policy support (with WRPO/REC)

Plug&Charge EOV urban parking AREAS & Wind to Water/Hydrogen

in remote off grid locations

Excess Wind USAGE

• No Land issues • 20-30% more• No noise

Opportunity : offshore wind power

New Solar /Wind on your Roof top will cut your EB bill :

Net-metering in Tamil Nadu

Identify Gaps in current systems

• Critical Component supply / FOREX• Standards for Grid Connection of WE• Issues of Power Quality • Lack/Attrition of Skilled Manpower • Fly by Night Operators /Quality&AMC• Threat of updated technology denial over

long term in the absence Indigenous R&D• Land costs and Governmental procedures

www: Win With Wind is NEED of HOUR to Power All, Ever

• Wind is not mined & use needs MINDSET• Wind to hydrogen for mobile-energy• Wind is not transported • Wind need not be stored • Wind is abundant, giving Green Power• Wind is freely owned • Wind power sustains drinking water• Wind is completely renewable by NATURE

• No threat of cost escalation• No threat of hoarding• No threat of transport-driver/ miner’s Strike• No threat of depletion as it is renewable• No threat of Pollution to environment• Wind is sustainable with infirmity managed

with Focused Political and societal WILL

Wind certainly Works

2610/4/2013

NATIONAL WIND MISSION NEEDED • Wind farm cooperatives with farmers as owners

(rural corporate) as in Denmark• Societal Will and awareness of long term

sustainability and energy security • Sustained Political Will for wind onshore/offshore• Sustained Policy directives for extended period

for self-sustained green energy devp.• Promotional measures for Capacity building in

India for (offgrid/Wind solar/Grid-tied ) roof top or hill top ( net metering seriously)

• Augmented Clean energy fund from CSR stream & Citizens

NATIONAL WIND MISSION 2020WHY NOT A “WTRAI” LIKE THE “ARAI” ?

THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION

WEB SITE : CWET.RES.IN