WIGOS-Vision-2040 wksp, Oct 2016 Web viewFinal Report from WIGOS-Vision-2040_Oct-2016
WIGOS & WIS Sub-regional Workshop Date, Venue Name of the presenter
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Transcript of WIGOS & WIS Sub-regional Workshop Date, Venue Name of the presenter
WIGOS & WIS Sub-regional Workshop Date, Venue
Name of the presenterTitle, name of the national organization
Email address (AAA@XXX)
WIGOS WIS – AFRICA Sub-regional workshop
(name of the country) Presentation
Outline of the presenttaion
1. Introduction
2. Organizational Chart
3. Mission and Basic Info of (full name of your NMHSs)
4. Network of Observations within NMHS (current status)
5. Network of Observations outside of Met Services (current status)
6. Data collection, transmission and management
7. Data application status and examples
8. Key achievements, opportunities & challenges (strength, weakness, major difficulty areas, potential risks, etc)
9. Future plans (new challenges and opportunities-forward looking)
10. Key recommendations
11. Conclusion
1. Introdution1. Basic information of the country
1) Geography 2) Climate zones and meteorological extremes (rainfall, etc)3) Population
2. Major historical meteorological disaster events1) Disaster type and distribution (Ref Amos presentation)2) Life and economic loss (Ref. Senegal presentation)
3. Major National Economic sectors relying on Met Services
1) Agriculture2) Transporation3) …
Example: RA I Sub-Regional Workshops for WIGOS and WIS for West Africa
Geografical location
An island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands, locate in athalantic ocean, about 640 km of Western Africa ( Senegal )
Most reported events in Africa
Drought Floods, incl.
flash floods Severe
storms and Tropical
cyclons Sandstorms Bush fires
Flash floods in Zvishavane, 22/ 11/ 2012, 09:43hrs, after a short lived intense storm.(Photo by Elisha N Moyo Meteorological Services Department Zimbabwe
2. Organizational Chart
• Examples of Senegal, Ghana (GMET),– i.e.: Governance structure– Reporting lines (from NMHS to government)– Partner parallel organization relevant to Met
Services– Internal structures (observing and
telecommunication division/unit within your Met Services)
Meteorology
OVERVIEW:ORGANOGRAM
Department of Water Resources
Communication Data AnalysisHydrologyWater Quality
Rural Water Supply
Surface Water Discharge
Salinity Monitoring
Forecast
Atmosphere –Land - Ocean Observation &
Monitoring
Climate
Research & Applications
Water Sampling Monitoring
Data Bank
Monitoring & Repair of
Instruments
Maintenance of computer equipment
Planning,design & siting water point
Planning, design & drilling of Borehole
Supervision of well construction
Ground Water Level Monitoring
The Gambia: www.mofwrnam.gov.gm
ANACIM :National Agency for Civil Aviation and Meteorology
Director General (PR?)
Navigation Meteorology Air Transportation
Quality and Norms
ACPPrincipal
Accountant
Secretary General
Ministry in charge of Air Transportation
Dep. R&D
Dep. Operating
and Forecasting
Service of Observing networkM. Aero and General Forecasting
Marine Meteorology
3. Mission and Basic Info of NMHS
1) Historical development2) Current Mission (ToR, Mandate, for example,
climate services, aviation services, hydrological, marine, environmental, air pollution, etc)
3) Vision statement (if have)4) Major service clients (agriculture, fishery,
transporation, aviation, climate adapation…5) Staff, composition (mainly observers,
technicians for observations, instruments and telecommunications) and competence..
6) Budget & Finance status (optional)
Introduction (example..)
• Three (3) climatological stations were established in
1886
• By 1937 a modest meteorological service was in
West Africa
• In 1957 the Ghana Meteorological Services
Department (MSD) was born
• Then in December 2004, Ghana Meteorological
Agency was established (Act 682)
4. Network of Observations within Met Services (current status)
• 4.1 Surface stations– Maps with legend (ex. Guinea, Nigeria,
Senegal.)– Tables with more details (type-manual or AWS,
observing frequency,etc)– History of these stations (including those silent
stations)– …..
RA I Sub-Regional Workshops for WIGOS and WIS for West Africa
6 ( six ) standard stations
Instruments :
- Shelter with dry, wet, maximam and minimam thermometers - Heliograph - Rain gauge - Evaporation basin - Rain gauge
Collected data in a booklet, and after stored in a data base.
Classical ( Standard ) Stations
RA I Sub-Regional Workshops for WIGOS and WIS for West Africa
Climatological Automatic Weather Stations
Sensors: - Ultrassonic wind - Temp / RH - Pressure - Radiation - Rain GaugeComunication : - Modem ( GPRS Protocol )Power : - Solar Panel - Charger controller - Battery
Data stored at central station in Sal
RA I Sub-Regional Workshops for WIGOS and WIS for West Africa
Fifteen stations around the islands
One central station (receive the datas from
all the fifteen AWS, via the modem configured for a SIM card with GPRS protocol)
10 minute and daily files
Climatological Automatic Weather Stations
Example: RA I Sub-Regional Workshops for WIGOS and WIS for West Africa
Aeronautical Automatic Weather Stations
Sensors: - Ultrassonic wind - Temp / RH - Pressure
- Rain Gauge - Visibility - Cloud ( Ceilometer )Comunication : - VHF Radio - Modem ( direct link )Terminals: - TWR - METEO
Example: National Met Stations Network
-16.5 -16 -15.5 -15 -14.5 -14
13.2
13.4
13.6
13.8
B anju lK erew an
K aur
Fatoto
JanjanburehS apu
Jenoi
S ibanor
K untaur
S aresofi
K arantaba
Y alla l
Jam banje lly
Y undumB asse
Day light stations 24 hr. stationsStations closed
The Gambia: www.mofwrnam.gov.gm
25 Agro-met Rainfall stations6 Terrestrial AWSs1 Marine AWS + Tide gauge
Data void area , need to densify the networkFew Automated stations purchased
but problem of maintenance, operations, vadalism
RW
RW
W
W
R RadiosondeW Radiowind
+350
Example for improvement
• Need improve to include legend
GMet’s Achievements
• Observation station network
Type of stations QTYNumber of Parameters measured
Automatic OR Manual
SYNOPTIC STATION 22 6 11 Automatic
AGRO-METEOROLOGICAL 52 4 1 Automatic
CLIMATOLOGICAL 61 4 12 Automatic
RAINFALL 225 1 30 Automatic
RESEARCH 2 5 Manual
54 Automatic Weather Stations installed since 2011
GMet’s Achievements (example for improvement)
• Observation station network
Type of stations QTYNumber of
Parameters measured
Example Manual
(obs frequency)
ExampleAutomatic
(obs. Frequency)
SYNOPTIC STATION 22 6 (T,P,R, W..) 11 (3 hourly) 11 (hourly)
AGRO-METEOROLOGICAL
52 4 51 (3 hourly) 1 (hourly)
CLIMATOLOGICAL 61 4 49(6 hourly) 12 (hourly)
RAINFALL 225 1 195(??) 30 (hourly?)
RESEARCH 2 5 2 (6 hourly?) 0
54 Automatic Weather Stations installed since 2011
EXISTING STATION NETWORKTable 1: Synoptic Weather Stations (use this table gives more detailed info)
S/N State Station Latitude.
Longitude.
altitude variables
Manual/AWS
Frequency(hour1)
Data collect means
…..
1 Ogun Abeokuta 07.17 03.33 100 T,U,P,W,R M 1
2 Ijebu-Ode 06.83 03.93 R A 3
3 Ondo Akure 07.28 05.30 A 6
4 Ondo 07.10 04.83
5 Osun Oshogbo 07.78 04.48
6 Oyo Ibadan 07.43 03.90
7 Iseyin 07.97 03.60
8 Shaki 08.67 03.38
9 Ekiti Ado-Ekiti 07.65 05.20
10 Lagos Ikeja 06.58 03.33
11 Lagos Roof
06.45 03.40
12 Abia Umuahia 05.48 07.55
13 Anambra
Awka 06.20 07.05
14 Ebonyi Abakaliki 06.33 08.10
15 Enugu Enugu 06.47 07.55
Marine Stations
• Marinemet
Case of March 2013 ~ 20 death4-day forecast Wave Hs
Figure: 3 REPARTITION DES ACCIDENTS SUIVANT LES CAUSES
(2008)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
fortehoule
obstacle fauss.man.
avariemat.
panneess.
Mauv.Manip.
Distribution sources of accidents(2008).
Source DPSPo
Carabane
Saint-Louis
Dakar
Transmitted by GPRS to a Central Server Transmitted by ARGOS to the GTS
4. Network of Observations within Met Services (current status)
• 4.2 Upper air stations (Number, type, distribution, observing cycle, etc)– Maps with legend– Tables with more details – History of these stations (including these silent
stations)
Remote observations
Radar
+ RETIM, AMESD: environmental data
Not operating after one year, since 2006
Difficulty of maintaining RadarIn the process…
Upper Air Stations
8
• Location(s): Kano, Abuja, Calabar, Yola, Jos, Enugu, Lagos and Maiduguri
Doppler Weather Radars
• Locations:
Completed sites: Lagos, Abuja and PHC
On-going sites:
Kano,Maiduguri, and Yola.
4. Network of Observations within Met Services (Indicating number, type, distribution, obs. cycle, history of
stations etc, of the stations, one slide for each type of station)
• 4.3 GAW stations– Map with legent
– Table with more details (Instrumentation, mode-operational or research, etc)
• 4.4 Hydrological Stations • 4.5 Marine observing components (if have)• 4.6 Weather Radars• 4.7 other remote sensing observing systems (wind
profiles, lightning detection, etc)• 4.8 Satellite receiving stations
S/N State Station Status
1 Lagos Oshodi Functional
2 Ekiti Usi-Ekiti Functional
3 '' University of Jos Functional
4 '' Gindiri Coll. of Education Functional
5 Imo NRRI/Uni. of Agric Umudike Functional
6 Ebonyi College of Agric. Ishiagu Functional
Table 2: Agricultural Meteorology (Agromet) Stations
NIMET also has 2 AGROMET stations and collects data from 4 others, located within institutions of higher learning.
Plateau
• The several rainfall stations are also presently at the stage of resuscitation• These rainfall stations are manned by voluntary observers, who send their data to NIMET national collection centre for archiving and quality control.
S/NO STATION NO. NAME
1 65205 Lagos
2 65262 Eket
3 65233 Aiyetoro
4 65256 Bonny
5 65266 Calabar
6 65238 Warri
7 65258 PortHarcourt
MARINE STATIONS
5. Network of Observations outside Met Services (current status)
• 5.1 Name of the Partner Organization 1– Relationship with NMHS
– Maps of station distribution with legend
– Tables with more details (type of observations, instrumentation, observing frequency, history of those station, etc)
– Data sharing and exchange status
– Status of collaborations (MoU, agreements, coordination mechanism, data exchange, etc)
– Compliance with WMO standards and practice
– ……
XXX organization Observing Network (example for improvement)
• Overview of XX Observation station network
Type of stations QTYNumber of
Parameters measured
Example Manual
(obs frequency)
ExampleAutomatic
(obs. Frequency)
SYNOPTIC STATION 22 6 (T,P,R, W..) 11 (3 hourly) 11 (hourly)
AGRO-METEOROLOGICAL
52 4 51 (3 hourly) 1 (hourly)
CLIMATOLOGICAL 61 4 49(6 hourly) 12 (hourly)
RAINFALL 225 1 195(??) 30 (hourly?)
RESEARCH 2 5 2 (6 hourly?) 0
5. Network of Observations outside Met Services (current status)-cont.
• 5.2 Name of the Partner Organization 2– Relationship with NMHS
– Map of station distribution with legend
– Table with more details (type of observations, instrumentation, observing frequency, history of the station,etc)
– Data share and exchange status
– Status of collaborations (MoU, agreements, coordination mechanism, data exchange, etc)
– Compliance with WMO standards and practice
– ……
National Hydro Stations Network
The Gambia: www.mofwrnam.gov.gm
S/N Location State LGA Long Lat Parameter measured Status
1 Government Secondary School, Kubwa
FCT Bwari Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
2 Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
Ogun Abeokuta 3o20’54” 7o9’39” Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
3 FUT Owerri Imo Owerri North
06o59’848” 05o22’800” Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Not functional
4 Waziri/Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi
Kebbi Birnin Kebbi
4.2003 12.4536 Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
5 College of Education, Katsina-Ala
Benue Katsina-Ala
Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
6 Federal University, Dutse
Jigawa Dutse 9o20’31” 11o42’04” Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
7 Federal University, Afikpo
Ebonyi Afikpo North
7o56’ 5o53’ Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
8 Federal University of Technology, Yola
Adamawa Jimeta 12o27’36” 9o13’48” Precipitation, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature
Functional
Table 5: Automatic Weather Observation Stations (AWOS) Owned by Nat. Hydrological Agency
DWD September 2012
Stations operated by Deutscher Wetterdienst (main stations) 4 Regional Oberserving Network Groups
Hamburg, Potsdam, Offenbach, Munich
68 Stations with professional Observers, 38 occupied 00-24 UTC, 30 only daytime48 measuring radioactivity (air+precipitation)
28 RBSN Stations 12 Climate Reference (conventional Equipment)
4 GSN-Stations (GCOS) 1 GUAN Station 1 GAW Station
112 Automated Weather Stations with full equipment
17 Weather Radar Stations
9 Aerological Stations (4 autolaunchers, 1 ozone)
4 Wind Profilers
+35 Stations of Bundeswehr Geoinformation Service
DWD September 2012
Additional Stations operated by DWD and Partners
1787 Voluntary Stations (climate; wind; precip), 1367 reporting online (24/1 reports per day)
Ship-based:
844 Voluntary Observing Ships (VOS)
19 Ship (AWS) (24 reports/day)
Last but not least …:
1304 Phenological Stations (observing plants)
1500 (approx) Partner stations (motorways, fed.states, wind energy, (nuclear) power-plants, university, military)
6. Data collection, representative, exchange, and management
• 6.1 Data collection means (manual or auto)
• 6.2 Data representative (BUFR, or ..)
• 6.3 Data exchange (vis GTS, or others, timeliness, etc)
• 6.4 Data management
• 6.5 Historical data rescue
• 6.6 …..
DATA TRANSMISSION
e-Met Message Transmiter
Located at 22 stations
For transmission of real time data to collection centre
Other stations transmit their data through GSM
The national collection centre sends all messages through Niamey to world collection centre.(Toulouse)
Presently, we are planning to pass through Nairobi for more effective transmission.
Zonal Data Center Intranet
Zonal Data Center Intranet
Zonal Data Center Intranet
Zonal Data Center Intranet
Zonal Data Center Intranet
Zonal Data Center Intranet
National Data Center Intranet
AMDS ClientA
MDS Server
7. Data applications & examples
• 7.1 observational data utilization in real time disaster monitoring
• 7.2 data assimilation in NWP model
• 7.3 data utilization in climate monitoring
• 7.4 data utilization in met services (for info
• 7.5 data utilization in economic sectors
• 7.6…
8. Key achievements, opportunities and challenges
• 8.1 Key achievements– Strength– Recent developments…
• 8.2 New opportunities– Your understanding of WIGOS/WIS as a opportunity– Other WMO Priorities as new opportunity (GFCS, DRR,
Capacity Development,etc)– Your National Societal and economic development as New
development opportunity• 8.3 Major challenges
– Weakness– major difficulty areas– potential risks– Etc..
Example: GMet’s Strengths
GMet’s operations are carried out within the
framework of a Corporate Strategic Plan. That Plan
shows that the GMet possesses a number of
operational resources. These include:
• A basic national network of weather monitoring
facilities
• A competent technical and professional staff
• A dynamic Workers Union that is highly desirous of
witnessing an improvement in the service delivery capacity of
GMet and in the working conditions of the Workers
•Increase in the number and type of Stakeholders and
complex service requests
GMet’s Challenges and Weaknesses
The constraints are of an infrastructural, logistical and human resource kind. Their removal requires greater stakeholder support and collaboration, and, above all, imaginative ways of generating funds.• Inadequate budget and difficulties in Cost Recovery from service delivery for implementation of Strategic Plans•Inadequate Professional staff especially in the Operational areas. •Non existent marine observation network•Poor Producer-User interface for effective Climate Info use. •Non existent Feedback networks to raise skill levels in weather and climate information and prediction•Lack of outreach programs for weather and Climate information and prediction.
Example of NIMET
9. Future plans -5-10 year horizon
• 9.1 New opportunities (like GFCS, UNFCCC, sustainable development) for new observational requirements
• 9.2 New national economic sectors development• 9.3 Existing or potential future plans for
improving observation and telecommunication networks
• 9.4 planned collaborations with partners• …
PROPOSED WEATHER MONITORING NETWORKS
S/N STATES NO. OF LGACURRENT
NUMBER OF STATIONS
NIMET STATIONS
RECOMMENDED NEW
GSM ENABLED
AWS
REMARKS
1 ABIA 18 1 UMUAHIA 182 ADAMAWA 21 1 YOLA 21 To cover many parts of the state
3 AKWA IBOM 31 2UYOEKET 31
4 ANAMBRA 21 1 AWKA 215 BAUCHI 19 1 BAUCHI 19 To cover many parts of the state6 BAYELSA 8 1 YENOGOA 8 To cover many parts of the state7 BENUE 23 1 MAKURDI 23 To cover many parts of the state8 BORNO 26 1 MAIDUGURI 26 To cover many parts of the state
9 CROSS RIVER 18 5CALABAR 1CALABAR 2
IKOM, OGOJA, &
OBUDU
18
10 DELTA 25 5ASABAWARRI 25
Table 6: Synoptic Stations at 774 Locations (Automatic Weather Observing Stations (AWOS))
Cooperation with our stakeholders
• Water Resources Commission -Development of Guidelines for National Dam Safety Unit - Climate change adaptation project (Northern Ghana)- Dev’t of Flood Forecasting Model over White Volta Basin MOFA: Seasonal Forecasts and Dekadal data for Agric use.• VRA : provision of vital weather and climate information for
monitoring of Volta Lake for hydropower generation. • NADMO/HSD: GMet provides expert support for Disaster Risk
Reduction and a 24/7 weather alert services. • GCAA: Services for safe and secure Air Navigation• GACL: Safe landing and airport capacity including pre-departure
weather briefs to pilots.• GIZ: Agric Crop Insurance for farmers.
10. Key recommendations
10.1 Political level recommendation (see example) (to WMO, RA I, Government, etc)
10.2 Policy and management level recommendations– recommendations for promoting synergy within Met
Services– Recommendation for promoting collaboration with
partners within Nation (mechanism, )– Recommendation for improving collaborations within sub-
region or whole region (mechanisms, feasible changes)
10.3 Technical recommendations10.4 Recommendation for promote communication &
outreach10,5 Recommendation for capacity development….
Recommendations and Way Forward• Urgent need to amend Act 682 to address key issues like legal framework on funding and resource
mobilization for the Agency.• The development of relevant and adequate human capital in the Agency especially in areas such as:• Public Weather Service and Disaster risk reduction Climate change studies and research Aeronautical Meteorology Climate modelling and downscaling Extreme value analysis for Weather parameters Marine and Agro Meteorology Numerical Weather Prediction to meet emerging Industry needs.• Provisioning of adequate infrastructural facilities.Engineering a platform for accurate and timely delivery of Climate and weather information for planning and
policy formulation and feedback loops
World Meteorological Organization
• WMO support continues to be needed urgently
• Bilateral networking to be constructed facilitated by WMO
• Learning from best practices from other WMO MEMBER COUNTRIES
Costs – Benefits of meteorological investments – CBS TECO
• An estimate in China: a benefit-cost ratio between 35 and 40 (G. Zhang and Wang 2003).
• Mozambique Met Service: estimated to have a benefit-cost ratio of 70 (World Bank 2008).
• Some European and Asian countries: The ratio of the economic benefits vs costs of met-services modernization programs vary between 2.1 to 14.4 for (World Bank 2008).
• U.S. National Weather Service benefits vs modernization more than threefold (Lazo, Teisberg, and Weiher 2007).
• A Canadian study: gross value of weather forecasting and services to be approximately $1.2 billion/year (Ekos 2007) .
11. ConclusionIn Conclusion (example of Nigeria)• Nigeria has: 54 Synoptic stations 2 Agromet stations 8 Upper air stations 7 Marine stations 6 Radar stations
• has MOU with other stakeholders having: 4 Agromet stations 8 AWOS 70 Hydrological stations
To address the critical gaps:• To add 1000 stations • Resuscitate 500 rainfall stations• Resuscitate 1 GAW station• Resuscitate 1 ozone station• And collaborate with more stakeholders on meteorological data sharing.