What You Do Not Know
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What you don’t know…
Richard BakerAssociate Professor
Department of CommunicationsKansas State University
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Increasing Importance of Intercultural Communication
• Technological advancements• General global interconnectivity
• Globalization of markets
• Intercultural workforce
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Understanding Culture
Cultural has characteristics!Culture has dimensions!
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Cultural Characteristics1. Culture is learned.2. Cultures are inherently logical.3. Culture forms our self-identity and community.4. Culture combines the visible and the invisible.5. Culture is dynamic.
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Cultural Dimensions• High context versus low context • Monochronic vs Polychronic• Future vs Present vs Past Orientation• Power Distance• Individualism vs. Collectivism• Gender roles• Protocol• Persuasive Argument• Basis of Trust• Uncertainty Avoidance/Risk Taking Propensity• Short-Long Term Orientation
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Key North American Beliefs…Dimensions:
–Individualism–Informality–Direct communication style–Importance of time
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Foreigners’ views of us• Undisciplined• Insensitive to status• Aggressive, rude• Self-Absorbed• Untrustworthy, weak
Informal, friendlyEgalitarianDirectIndividualisticOpen
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High versus Low ContextHigh-context cultures rely on nonverbal cues and the
total picture to communicate. Meanings are embeddedat many social levels.
Low-context cultures emphasize words, straightforwardness, openness. People tend to beinformal, impatient, literal.
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High-Context CulturesJapaneseArabLatin AmericanSpanishItalianFrench
RelationalCollectivistIntuitiveContemplative
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Low Context CulturesAnglosGermanicsScandinaviansNorth American
IndividualisticLogicalAction-oriented
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Past Orientation
ChinaBritainJapanMost Spanish-speaking Latin
American countries
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Future Orientation
United StatesBrazil
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Quantity of Time
Time is a limited resource and must not be wasted!
versus
Time is plentiful, if not infinite!
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Power Distance
How do people deal with theinequalities among themselves?
What kind of a distance is therebetween superiors and subordinates?
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Power Distance
High power distance cultures tend toBe agrarian.
Low power distance countries includethe United States, northern Europeans,Israel.
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Individualism vs. CollectivismCollectivist
Asian culturesIndividualist
Anglo cultures
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What does all this mean to you?
The 25 percent of the India populationwith the highest I-Q totals more than theentire population of North America.
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What does all this mean to you?
It means they have more Honors kidsthan we have kids!
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What does all this mean to you?
In 2005, minorities accounted for 42percent of this nation’s elementary,middle, and high school students.
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Diversity Demographics Quiz
From 2006 estimates of population, what is the numberone English-speaking country in the world?
a. India c. Chinab. United States d. Russia
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India
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Diversity Demographics Quiz
What country in the world has the highest percentageof people who would like to emigrate to the UnitedStates?
a. India c. Mexicob. France d. Russia
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India
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Diversity Demographics Quiz
The most dramatic workforce change since the 1960sis the growing number of_________ in the workforce.
a. Hispanics c. African-Americansb. seniors (65 or over) d. women
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Women
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Diversity Demographics Quiz
By 2050, close to _________ of the U.S. population will
be made up of Asians, Hispanics, African-Americans,
and other nonwhite groups.
a. one quarter c. one half
b. one third d. two thirds
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One-half
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Diversity Demographics QuizAmong individuals with a work-limiting disability, 44
percent hold college degrees and 75 percent are
computer literate. How many of these disabled
people are NOT part of the workforce?
a. one quarter c. one half
b. one third d. two thirds
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Two-thirds
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Diversity Demographics QuizDiversity Demographics QuizThe Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that
between 2000 and 2025 the number of over-55
workers will___________.
a. decrease by 13 percent
b. decrease by 23 percent
c. increase by 53 percent
d. increase by 83 percent
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Increase 83%
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Diversity Demographics QuizWhat percentage of the U.S. populationover 5 years of age speaks a languageother than English at home?
a. 8% c. 18%b. 28% d. 38%
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28%
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Diversity Demographics Quiz
Based on the latest census figures, what are the two
MOST racially and ethnically diverse states in the
continental United States?
a. Florida, New York c. California, Texas
b. Florida, California d. New Mexico, California
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Florida & California
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Diversity Demographics QuizBased on the latest census figures, what are the two
LEAST racially and ethnically diverse states in the
continental United States?
a. Rhode Island, Delaware
b. Maine, Vermont
c. North Dakota, South Dakota
d. Maine, New Hampshire
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Maine & Vermont
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Diversity Demographics Quiz
The most profound challenge for managers,
administrators, and employees of all organizations
striving for diversity will center on _____________?
a. recruiting c. management style
b. promotion d. communication
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Communication
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Three Basic problems!
1. interpretation
2. prediction
3. conflict
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Dealing with DiversityCreate zero tolerance for bias and
stereotypes.Understand the value of differences.Learn about your cultural self.Broaden your view of other cultures.Make fewer assumptions.
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Project Implicit?