What was WWI called before it was called WWI?. Why is World War I called W.W.I?

What was WWI called before it was called WWI?

Why is World War I called W.W.I?

The Great War The War to end all Wars The Trench war 1914-1918

World War II 1939-1945

Essential Question: (EQ) What are some underlying factors that are going to help start the Great War? Nationalism (pride in your race or country. Wanting your own land for your people) Land /Border disputes (fights) in Europe Fighting around the world for colonies Militarism (building your army and navy, training soldiers) Military Alliances (agreements to help each other if war breaks out)

All these factors made Europe in 1914 a ( barrel of gunpowder ) Nationalism Land disputes Militarism Alliances

Closing Activity: In the summary box at the bottom of the paper Write at least 2 sentences answering this question: What are some causes of The Great War (WWI)

Austrian soldiers in W.W.I

Austria Hungary Empire

The Balkans: The powder keg of Europe The many regions of southeast Europe where there are lots of different ethnicities and religions- and they fight all the time

The Balkans

The Alsace -Lorraine

Backward Farmers Worried about Russia/Serbia Wants a navy Hates Germany Biggest Empire most Colonies around the world Ambitious wants power Diverse and drama/fighting Afraid of Russia and France Afraid of Germany wanting colonies and navy

Serbian Terrorist network who hated Austrian Rule Plotted terrorist acts against Austrians

Who are they? Worried about the German navy? Lots of different people groups Isolated Island Want back the Alsace- Lorraine Mostly backward farmers Worried about Serbia and Russia Want colonies and a strong navy

Prelude to the spark that blows the Powder Keg Franz Ferdinand Son of the Austrian/Hungary King Goes to Sarajevo, Bosnia to give a speech on June 28 th the most patriotic day in Serbian History

The spark 19 year-old Gavrilo Princip a Serbian living in Bosnia and member of The Black Hand a Serbian terrorist group shoots and kills both Franz Ferdinand and his pregnant wife Sofia

Huge country and army, farming not industry doesnt like Austria, supports Serbia Strong army and industry, wants colonies and bigger navy, hated by France Strong economy and navy, lots of colonies, isolated from continental Europe Decent army and economy, Lost land to Germany Huge unstable empire. Many unhappy people groups inside their empire France Austria Hungary Britain Germany Russia

The 2 sides in WWI Central Powers * Triple Entente (Allies) * * *

The short and skinny of how an assassination leads to a World War 1. Serbians living in Bosnia hate the fact that Austria rules them 2. A Serbian terrorist group plots and kills Franz Ferdinand 3. Austria wants to go to war against Serbia but are afraid of Russia because both Serbia and Russia are of the Slavic race 4. Russia tells Austria to not mess with Serbia 4. Germany tells its ally Austria to do what it needs to do and if Russia jumps in theyll take care of Russia 5. So Austria declares war on Serbia 6. Russia gets pissed and moves its troops to the Austrian border but does not cross 7. Germany (itching for a fight) says that moving troops to the border is an act of war so it attacks Russia 8. Germany knows that Russia is allied with France and eventually France will get in - so they decide to attack France 9. The easiest way to Paris is through Belgium so the Germans invade Belgium first to get to France 10. This angers Britain so Britain declares war on Germany and Austria GAME ON IN SUM : what shouldve been a war between Serbia and Austria becomes a World War due to Alliances

Serbians living in Bosnia hate the fact that Austria rules them * A Serbian terrorist group plots and kills Franz Ferdinand * Austria wants to go to war against Serbia but are afraid of Russia because both Serbia and Russia are of the Slavic race * Russia tells Austria to not mess with Serbia * Germany tells its ally Austria to do what it needs to do and if Russia jumps in theyll take care of Russia * So Austria declares war on Serbia * So Austria declares war on Serbia * Russia gets pissed and moves its troops to the Austrian border but does not cross * Russia gets pissed and moves its troops to the Austrian border but does not cross * Germany (itching for a fight) says that moving troops to the border is an act of war so it attacks Russia * Germany (itching for a fight) says that moving troops to the border is an act of war so it attacks Russia * Germany knows that Russia is allied with France and eventually France will get in - so they decide to attack France * The easiest way to Paris is through Belgium so the Germans invade Belgium first to get to France * This angers Britain so Britain declares war on Germany and Austria GAME ON IN SUM : what shouldve been a war between Serbia and Austria becomes a World War due to Alliances

Assignment: On a sheet of notebook paper answer the following question: What was the major factor that caused World War I? Nationalism Land disputes Militarism Alliances

Todays Submarine (summary) In the summary space of your Cornell Notes answer this question and support it What, in your opinion, was the major factor that caused World War I? Nationalism Land disputes Militarism Alliances Sentence starter: The major factor that caused WWI was __________ for these reasons ___________________________________________

German Schlieffen Plan Defeat France quickly and then shift troops to the east to defeat Russia which they thought was slow to mobilize Question: why did Germany attack France so early in the war?

Closure Activity : Finish these Sentences A factor that led to W.W.I was Another factor that helped lead to W.W.I was The incident or spark that got the actual war started was An assassination led to a world war because

ESSENTIAL QUESTION: (EQ) Why did the United States get into WWI? Key words: Neutrality Kaiser Propaganda Blockade Zimmerman Note

Western Front (France) 70% of the battles and 70% war deaths Trench Warfare

Huge Artillery Shells: Explode thousands of pieces of shrapnel (metal and lead)

Going over the Top out of the Trenches and on the offensive No mans Land: the area in between the 2 enemy trenches Casualties: both killed and wounded soldiers i.e., The battle of the Somme had 800,000 casualties

In WWI Machine guns could fire up 100 bullets a minute Machine guns killed more than any other weapon in WWI (millions)

Poison Gas The use of poison gas in World War I was a major military innovation. The gases ranged from disabling chemicals, such as tear gas and the severe mustard gas, to lethal agents like phosgene and chlorine. tear gasmustard gasphosgene chlorinetear gasmustard gasphosgene chlorine chemical warfare was a major component of the first global war and first total war of the 20th century. chemical warfareglobal wartotal war chemical warfareglobal wartotal war The killing capacity of gas, however, was limited only 4% of combat deaths were due to gas.

Closure Activity : Finish these Sentences The Schlieffen Plan was Soldiers were in the trenches because.. Life in the Trenches was No mans land Going over the Top. The machine gun. Poison gas

Look at the new weapons of WWI and then discuss with your group these questions: 1. List as many things as you can of things that the weapon could do 2. Rate the effectiveness of the weapon Low 1 2 3 4 5 high 3. What was the most important weapon of WWI and why? Huge artillery Cannons airplanes Tanks submarines Poison gas Machine guns

The Battle of the Somme (France) July-November 1916 Before: bombardment million shells fired Allied soldiers advanced along a 25 mile offensive 60,000 casualties in the first day (20,000 dead) Generals kept sending soldiers to a certain death Losses Britain 420,000 France- 200,000 Germany 500,000 Question: was this small piece of land gained worth the lives of a almost a million people?

War of Attrition is a military strategy in which a side tries to win the war by fighting and fighting and trading losses with the enemy because you have more men and supplies to trademilitary strategy

Tanks of WWI

Tanks of W.W.II

Airplanes Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen was a German fighter pilot known as the "Red Baron". He was the most successful flying ace of World War I, being officially credited with 80 confirmed air combat victories. fighter pilotflying aceWorld War Iair combatfighter pilotflying aceWorld War Iair combat

Planes of World war II

Submarines U boats (German unterseeboot)

ESSENTIAL QUESTION: (EQ) Why is the war going to come to an end? Key words:

UNRESTRICTED Submarine warfare (sinking both military and commercial ships) The Lusitania May 7 th 1915 1,198 dead (128 Americans) The World is outraged and Germany pledges to stop unrestricted warfare and only fire upon military craft

January 1917: Germany plans to blockade Britain and resume Unrestricted submarine warfare Blockade: Blocking any supplies from getting in or Out of a countrys harbors

Anti- German propaganda during W.W.I

Other factors that influenced Americans wanting Britain and France to defeat Germany The USA had loaned Britain and France way more than the had loaned Germany Helping Britain and France win would definitely help make sure USA would get paid back

Zimmerman Telegram

Doroteo Arranga more commonly known as (Francisco Pancho Villa)

Closure Activity : Finish these Sentences What happened in the trenches on Christmas 1914 . Tanks of W.W.I . Airplanes in W.W.I . U boats in W.W.I The Lusitania The 2 main reasons that the US is going to get into WW1 are

Kaiser Wilhelm German King and ruler during WWI

U.S. president Woodrow Wilsons speech asking Congress for a declaration of War against Germany April 2 nd 1917 Property can be paid for; the lives of peaceful and innocent people cannot be. The present German submarine warfare against commerce is a warfare against mankind. "It is a war against all nations. American ships have been sunk, American lives taken, in ways which it has stirred us very deeply to learn of, but the ships and people of other neutral and friendly nations have been sunk and overwhelmed in the waters in the same way. "But they played their part in serving to convince us at last that that government entertains no real friendship for us and means to act against our peace and security at its convenience. That it means to stir up enemies against us at our very doors the intercepted Zimmerman note to the German minister at Mexico City is eloquent evidence. Zimmerman

John Black Jack Pershing: General/leader of American troops in W.W.I

Vladimir LENIN leads the Bolsheviks in a Communist revolution to take control of Russia. The Country is renamed the Soviet Union (USSR). Lenin gets Russia out of World War I

Reasons that the GREAT WAR is going to come to an end All the nations were heavily in debt except for the U.S. Millions were dead Millions were wounded Economies were a wreck There were food shortages in Germany and Austria The British naval blockade was doing a good job starving Germany The Ottoman Empire had surrendered and was talking about peace terms with the Allies The last major German offensive to seize Paris was halted. A revolution in Austria-Hungary brought about a new government. The new government negotiated a peace treaty with the Allies There were a number of German and French mutinies (refusals to obey orders from the commanding officers) The U.S. had the money and men to keep the war going for a long time Many Europeans felt that American president Woodrow Wilsons 14-point peace plan offered a fair plan for peace and so were willing to talk of a ceases-fire

Armistice: Armistice: an agreement to stop fighting Nobody won WWI and nobody lost WWI They just decided to stop fighting It is not necessarily the end of a war, but just a stoppage of killing while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace.

So The involved countries agreed to stop fighting on the symbolic 11 th hour of the 11 th day of the 11 th month 1918 (November 11 th Veterans Day) They then agreed to meet in January in Paris to write a peace treaty

Closure Activity : Finish these Sentences The 2 main reasons that the US is going to get into WW1 are The US decided to get into the war in year WWI ended in year Vladimir Lenin Russia got out of WWI because The Countries of the Central Powers

Woodrow Wilson

Paris Peace Conference: 1919 to be held at Versailles (palace of French Kings) The Big 3 leaders Georges Clemenceau (France) Woodrow Wilson (USA) David Lloyd George (Britain)

Wants a fair and lasting peace Wants to hurt Germanys navy Wants a League of Nations to discuss world problems Wants to punish Germany uncompromising Idealist compromiser Realist

Idealist: a person who believes in the ideal (or way that things should be) not the real way things are Realist: a person who deals with the way things really are

Wilsons 14-point Peace Plan points 1-5 would address the issues that many believed started the war in the first place 1. end all secret treaties and alliances 2. Freedom of the seas 3. Free trade among nations 4 reduction in the number of troops and sizes of navies 5. the adjustment of colonial claims with fairness toward colonial people

Points 6-13 dealt with territorial changes and the creation of new nations creation of new nations in Russia that included Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, Belarus Creation of Czechoslovakia, Poland, and a new and reduced Austria-Hungary The break up of the Ottoman Empire and the creation of states like Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine

Woodrow Wilsons 14 Point peace plan was viewed by many as workable. Points 1-5 1. an end all secret treaties and alliances 2. Freedom of the seas no blockades, no hogging fishing areas 3. Free trade among nations 4. disarmament for all nations. Reduction in the size of everyones armies and navies 5. the adjustment of colonial claims with fairness toward colonial people in Africa and Asia Points 6-13 Self-determination or creation of new nations in Russia that included: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, Belarus Creation of Czechoslovakia, Poland, and a new and reduced Austria-Hungary The break up of the Ottoman Empire and the creation of states like Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine

Disarmament : to reduce the size of nations armies and navies France wanted a policy of disarmament for Germany Appeasement: to give someone what they want or not confront them to avoid a conflict Lloyd George appeased Wilson on the League of nations to get what he wanted

Europe before and after W.W.I

WWI came to an end on Who lost WWI? 3 of Wilsons 14 points were The 14 th point was The US never joined the. 3 new countries created by the Treaty of Versailles were 3 ways that Germany got screwed were Germany signed the treaty because The Treaty of Versailles

What was WWI called before it was called WWI?. Why is World War I called W.W.I?

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