What is Sport Psych Presentation.ppt
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Contemporary Issuesin Sport and ExercisePsychology
Missouri Western State UniversityWilliam Russell, PhD, Dept. of HPER
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What is Sport Psychology?
2 main objetives!". #o un$erstan$ ho%
psyholo&ial fators affet in
in$ivi$ual's performane
2. #o un$erstan$ ho% partiipation
in sport an$ e(erise affetsone's psyholo&ial
$evelopment, health, an$ %ell)
bein&.
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What Sport and ExercisePsychologists Do: Researh role
#eahin& role
*onsultin& role Poliy Ma+in& a$voatin& role
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Global Sport Psychology
Specialties:1. Clinical Sport Psychology Have training in PSYCHOLOGY to learn about diagnose and treat
emotional disorders
Licensed by state boards to treat clinical conditions Have additional training in sports & eercise sciences
!. "ducational Sport Psychology# "tensive training in sport sciences $ have large bac%ground in
psychology
Serves as mental coach mental trainer $ 'or%s through
individualgroup sessions and teaches the development o(
psychological s%ills
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Sport and Exercise PsychologyOrientations:1. Psychophysiological
Orientation# )est 'ay to study behavior
during sport eercise is by
eamining physiological
processes in the brain* brain+body connections
",# using bio(eedbac% to train
biathletes to shoot bet'een
heartbeats* eamining
changes in serotonin as
eplanation (or psychological
bene(it o( eercise
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Sport and Exercise PsychologyOrientations:!. Social Psychological
Orientation -ssumption is behavior is
determined by interchange
bet'een person and their
environment ",# Ho' does leader behavior
in(luence team cohesion* -re
people 'ith high SP- more
com(ortable in same+gender
eercise settings
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Sport and Exercise PsychologyOrientations:/. Cognitive+)ehavioral
Orientation# "mphasis is on athlete0s
eercisers thoughts and
behaviors
",# s there a sel(+(ul(illingprophecy lin%ing sel(+tal% and
batting slumps
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ain Organi!ations in"ol"ed inSport and Exercise Psychology:
nternational Society o( Sport Psychology 2SSP3 '''.issponline.org
4orth -merican Society (or the Psychology o( Sport and Physical-ctivity 24-SPSP-3 '''.naspspa.org
5he Sport Psychology -cademy 2SP-3 '''.aahperd.org
-ssociation (or the -dvancement o( -pplied Sport Psychology 2---SP3 '''.aaasponline.org
-merican Psychological -ssociation 6iv. 78 2-P-9 6iv. 783
'''.psyc.unt.eduapadiv78 -merican College o( Sports :edicine 2-CS:3 '''.acsm.org
5he ;nited States Olympic Committee 2;SOC3 '''.usoc.org
http://www.issponline.org/http://www.naspspa.org/http://www.aahperd.org/http://www.aaasponline.org/http://www.psyc.unt.edu/apadiv47http://www.acsm.org/http://www.usoc.org/http://www.usoc.org/http://www.acsm.org/http://www.psyc.unt.edu/apadiv47http://www.aaasponline.org/http://www.aahperd.org/http://www.naspspa.org/http://www.issponline.org/ -
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embership Comparisons o#$$$SP and %$SPSP$:
nterest -reas
". & Sp Psych :otor Learning Control :otor 6evelopment
n < !=> n
/>@ /A@ !/@
Psychologists Sport Science Others#
4
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$pplied Sport Psychology: SportPsychology and It&s Gro'ing
Pains: Concerned 'ith etending theoryresearch to educate coaches9athletes9 and parents regarding goals (or (acilitating optimal sport
involvement and per(ormance9 ;sually involves individualgroup consulting and counseling
:any speci(ic concepts 2goal setting9 imagery9 concentration9 relaation9
imagery3 );5 General goal is teaching athletes mental s%ills necessary to per(orm consistently
and realie their potential as people and athletes.
Docal -reas o( -pplied Sport Psychology#
1. Per(ormance enhancement intervention
!. Social Psychology
/. Health and "ercise
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() Per#ormance Enhancement *Inter"ention: Docus is on per(ormance
improvements in anyany
achievement settingachievement setting
-lso concerned 'ith e((ects
o( interventions on 'ell+
being o( sport eercise
participants
"amples#
Stress noculation
5raining 2S53 'ith athletes -ttentional 5raining
e((ectiveness
Dlo' eperiences in sport
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+) Social PsychologyEmphasis ;ses theory research to (ocus on
group processes in sport & eercise
settings
Social (actors are eamined as they
relate to athletes9 coach9 team9 and
spectators
"amples o( special interests# -chievement motivation
2-chievement Goal 5heory3
:oral development through sport
Peer relationships in physical activity
and sport
Youth sports 25he reverse+dependency trap3
Social PhysiEue -niety in Sport and
"ercise Settings 2- problem at both
ends o( the spectrum3
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,) -ealth and Exercise:
Docuses on role o( psych. Dactors in
eercise* as they pertain to resistance
to disease development & remediation9
coping 'ith stress9 and health
promotion
Primary interest is lin% bet'een mentaland physical health.
"amples o( special interest areas# Problem+(ocused vs. emotion (ocused
coping and health
Hardiness and disease ris% 2Control9
Challenge9 Commitment3
"ercise and Psychoneuroimmunology
Psychological bene(its o( eercise
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a.or Splits in /ecent 0ears'ithin the 1ield:
Sport Psyholo&y
Health
Psyholo&y
E(erise
Psyholo&y
SportPsyholo&y
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Why the %eed #or ExercisePsychology?
Prevalence o( ris% (actors (or CH6 in the general;S population (or 1A>B + !BB=
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Why the %eed #or ExercisePsychology?
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Behaviors are easier to maintain inenvironments that are supportive of thatbehavior- for better .. Or worse
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Sample Interest $reas 'ithinExercise Psychology: 6esigning eercise programs to maimie
psych. )ene(its
"ercise addictions
"ercise adoption9 maintenance9 and
adherence
"ercise as a stress management techniEue
Gender Se+role in(luences on eercise
Overuse inFuries in eercise settings
5he runnerseercisers0 high
Psychotherapeutic in(luences o( eercise (or
depression
Psychological bene(its (or speci(ic
populations
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2he Certi3cation Issue:$$$SPRequired Coursework for becoming an AAAS certi!edconsu"tant"5H" SPO5 SC"4C" O PSYCHOLOGY CO;S"S
Courses 6escription
1. Pro(essional ethics 1 course
!. Sport psychology / courses in all subdisciplines
/. esearch 6esign9 Stats or 1 course in any o( these areas
psychological assessment7. )iological bases o( behavior 1 course in comparative
psychology* physio psychology
=. Cognitive -((ective bases Course in cognition9 motor
development or motor learning
?. Social )ases o( behavior 1 course in social psychology
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2he Certi3cation Issue:$$$SPRequired Coursework for becoming an AAAS certi!edconsu"tantP:-LY SPO5 SC"4C" CO;S"S#
Course 6escription
1. )iomechanical physiological bases 1 course in %inesio.9 ". Physio9)iomechanics
!. Historical9 philosophy9 sociology 1 course in this area o( sport sci
/. S%ills9 techniEues9 analysis 1 methods course in sport area
P:-LY PSYCH CO;S"S#
1. Psychopathology 1 course in abnormal
!. Counseling s%ills course 'or% to (oster basiccounseling s%ills
/. ndividual )ehavior 1 course in developmental9personality theory9 individualdi((erences
Supervised Consulting "perience#
eri(ication o( at least 7BB hours o( supervised eperience in eercise and sportpsychology
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$chie"ement Goal 2heory:
/ maFor (actors in determining the motivationlevels o( children in youth sport settings#
1. Goal Orientation 5as%+orientation $ success is de(ined as sel(+re(erent
improvement "go+orientation $ success is de(ined by social comparison and
out+doing others
!. :otivational Climate :astery climate $ (ocus is on learning9 e((ort9 cooperative strategies9 and
s%ill development Per(ormance climate $ competitive9 beating teammates9 demonstrating
superiority over others
/. Perceived ability High $ greater competence Lo' $ less competence
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Ego-oriented children seek competence through comparison
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Ego orientation may undermine the value attached to fairness and justicein
sport settings
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Who 'ould you most 'ant toha"e as a young athlete? Hi tas+hi e&o-
Hi tas+lo% e&o-
o% tas+Hi&h e&o-
o% tas+o% e&o-