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MENTAL DISORDERS & SUICIDE
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What is Mental Health
Is the way people think about and respond to events in their daily lives
Characterized by abnormal Thoughts Feelings Moods Ability to relate to others Daily functioning
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Emotions
A feeling produced into response to a life event
Emotional Health The way a person experiences & deals with
feeling
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Teens & Emotions Physical & Social
Changes in teens Freedoms,
responsibilities, and new experiences
Hormones Chemicals that help
control how the body grows and functions
Released into blood by brain and other organs called GLANDS
Affects:
Emotions
Mood Changes
Energy Level
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Emotional Spectrum A set of emotions arranged by how pleasant they are Emotions on spectrum are opposite:
Happiness & sadness Love & hate
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Triggers Situations, people
and events that cause a person to feel an emotion
Different emotional Triggers:Affect people
differently Allows you to
understand you emotions
Predict how a situation will affect youAvoid situations that
cause unpleasant emotions
Seek out situations that cause pleasant emotions
May not be able to avoid triggers
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Communication Skills Body Language
Expressing emotions with the face, hands, and posture Active Listening
Showing that you understand what a person is saying
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Coping with Emotions
Self Esteem Measure of how much you value, respect,
and feel confident about yourself Positive Self Talk
Thinking about the good part of a bad situation
Defense Mechanism Automatic behaviors used to reduce
uncomfortable stress
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Mental Illness
Disorder that affects a person’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
1 out of 6 people have a mental illness Causes :
Not completely understood Inherited Stressful Events Environment
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Mental Disorders in the US 1 in ___ Americans live with a serious
mental illness ___million Americans experience a
mental health disorder in a given year ___of children & adolescents suffer from
emotional and mental disorders Mental illness strikes people as
adolescents & young adults
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Mental Disorders in the US $100 billion dollars is spent in the US
each year to treat undiagnosed mental illnesses
70-90% of people have significant reductions in symptoms if treated
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Anxiety Disorders An illness that causes
unusually strong nervousness, worry, or panic
Affect 40 million Americans over 18
Women are 60% more likely to develop the disorder than men
8 % of adolescents have the disorder
Types of disorders Phobia Disorder Panic Disorder Obsessive-
Compulsive Disorder
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Specific Phobias
Phobia – a group of symptoms brought on by certain objects or situations
How might fears affect normal living? 5-12% of Americans have phobias Different types of phobias
Animal Phobias Situational Phobias Natural Environment Phobias Blood – injection-injury phobias Other phobias
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Animal Phobias Most common specific phobias Examples
Dogs Snakes Insects Mice
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Situational Phobias
Examples? Flying Riding in a car or bus Driving Going over bridges / through tunnels Being in a closed place ( Elevator)
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Natural Environment Phobias Examples?
Storms Heights Water
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Blood-Injection-Injury Phobias Examples?
Being injured Seeing blood Invasive medical procedures
○ Blood tests/injections
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Other Phobias Examples?
Falling downFear of loud sounds Costumed characters
○ Clowns
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Most Common Phobias Acrohobia Agoraphobia Algophobia Astrophobia Claustrophobia Cynophobia Hydrophobia Monophobia Nyctophobia Ophidophobia Thanatophobia Xenophobia Zoophobia Belonephobia
Heights Open or public places Pain Stars/space Small spaces Dogs Water Being alone Dark/night Snakes Death/dying Strangers Animals Needles
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Panic Disorder
Anxiety disorder that causes a person to have brief periods of extreme anxiety called Panic Attacks
Symptoms Extremely Scared Sweating Racing heart rate Difficulty breathing Shaking/ Trembling often last about 10 minutes
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( OCD) Obsessions
Anxiety that is triggered by repetitive thoughts Compulsions
Develop Rituals OCD
Combination of obsessions & compulsions Treatment
Medicines Counseling
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Common Obsessions of OCD Fear of dirt/ contamination by germs Fear of causing harm to another Fear of making a mistake Fear of being embarrassed or behaving
in a socially unacceptable manner Fear of thinking evil or sinful thoughts Need for order, symmetry, or exactness Excessive doubt and need for constant
reassurance
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Common Compulsions Repeatedly bathing Refusing to shake hands or touch doorknobs Repeatedly checking things Constantly counting Constantly arranging things in a certain way Eating foods in specific order Being stuck on words, images or thoughts that
won’t go away Repeating words Needing to perform tasks a certain number of times Collecting / hoarding items
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OCD Video Clip
http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/extreme-affliction-ocd-16046438
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Lifetime Prevalence of Selected Psychological Disorders Among Americans
Disorder Men (%) Women (%)
Anxiety DisordersSimple Phobia
6.7 15.7
Social Phobia 11.1 15.5
Panic Disorder 2.0 5.0
GAD 3.6 6.6
OCD 1.7 2.8
PTSD 5.0 10.4
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Mood Disorders
An illness in which people have uncontrollable mood changes
Kinds of Mood Disorders Bi-Polar Depression Schizophrenia
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Bi-Polar
Extreme changes in in mood, from mania to depression
Between these mood episodes, they experience normal moods
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Manic
Describes an increasingly restless, energetic, talkative, reckless, powerful period
At some point, this up feeling can change into something darker Irritation ConfusionAnger Feeling trapped
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Depression Describes sadness, crying, sense of
worthlessness, loss of energy, Can last for weeks / months Frequent and dramatic mood episodes
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Other affects of BMD
Hallucination Sensing something that is not real
Delusion False belief
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Schizophrenia
Person breaks from reality in several ways
Express little emotion; Unorganized thinking
Paranoia Belief that other people want to harm
someone
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Schizophrenia Symptoms Positive Symptoms
Delusions Thought disorders Hallucinations
Negative Symptoms Lack of desire / motivation to accomplish goals Lack of desire to form social relationships
Cognitive Symptoms Involve problems with attention and memory
I Hear Voices Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBRAC4acr7
0
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Depression
Mood disorder in which a person feels extremely sad and hopeless for at least 2 weeks
Major Depressive Disorder ( MDD) Symptoms
Extreme sadness Inability to cheer up Changes in sleeping & eating patterns Tiredness Thoughts of death / suicide
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Depression Facts
40% are identified & diagnosed Half of people with depression receive
proper treatment 80% of those who are treated respond
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Depression is Dangerous
Suicidal Thinking Is the desire to take one’s own life
15 % of people commit suicide One of leading causes of death for
teenagers
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Suicide Statistics Every year there are approximately 10 youth
suicides for every 100,000 youth Suicide is the 3rd leading cause of death for
teens 8.5% of students in grades 9-12 reported a
suicide within the last year For every adolescent that commits suicide,
there are between 50 and 200 attempts 1 in 5 high school students seriously considered
suicide 1 in 6 had plans to attempt suicide
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Helping a Suicidal person: What to do Trust your feelings if you think the
person is suicidal Tell the suicidal person how concerned
you are and how much you care Talk calmly with the suicidal person Find professional help Stay with the person until help arrives Be a listener
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Helping a suicidal person: What not to do Do not dare the person to make the attempt Judge the suicidal person Analyze the suicidal person’s motives Argue or try to convince the suicidal person why he / she
should not attempt suicide Keep the suicidal person’s self destructive thoughts a
secret Leave a suicidal person alone Do not delay dealing with the situation Do not tell them about someone who has it worse Do not say “ everything will be alright” or “pull it together”
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Suicide: Helping Yourself
1. You need to hear that people do get through this
2. Give yourself some distance 3. People often turn to suicide because
they want relief from pain 4. Some people will react badly to your
suicidal feelings 5. Suicidal feelings are traumatic
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Never the End
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uM9uJ0hHxII
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Treating Mental Disorders Most people wait too long to seek help Where to find help…
Teen Hotline ○ Phone number teens can call to talk to a person
privately about their problems Counselor
○ Professional who helps people through difficult problems by talking
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Where to Find Help..
PsychologistPerson who tries to change thoughts,
feelings, and actions by finding some reason behind them or by suggesting new ways to manage emotions
PsychiatristMedical doctor who specializes in illnesses
of the brain and body that affect emotions and behavior