Matter – Properties and Changes Chap. 3. Can you think of anything that is pure?
What is Matter? Physical Science Chapter 2 Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space All the...
-
Upload
mia-henderson -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of What is Matter? Physical Science Chapter 2 Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space All the...
What is Matter?
Physical ScienceChapter 2
Matter
• Anything that has mass and takes up space
• All the materials you can hold or touch
• Examples– You– This computer– The air you are breathing
Atoms
• Atoms are matter
• Atom = smallest particle that has the properties of an element
• Atoms make up elements
Elements
• Element = a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
• An example of an element is carbon
• So, carbon is an element and elements are made of atoms
Elements
• Each element has a one or two letter symbol
• Each are unique and behave differently
• What element is shown here?
Compounds
• Most substances exist on Earth and in the human body as compounds, not free elements
• A compound is a substance made of more than one element bound together
Carbon = black
Oxygen = red
Hydrogen = white
Compound Properties
• Specific compounds always combine in the same proportions– Every water molecule has 2 hydrogens and 1
oxygen
• Compounds have properties very different from their individual elements
+ =
Chemical Formulas
• Contains the symbols for each element in a compound and the numbers for each atom of each element
• H2O
• CO2
• CH4
• NaCl
Pure Substances
• Matter with a fixed composition and definite properties
• Examples are atoms, elements, and compounds
• Cannot be separated by physical actions
Mixtures
• NOT PURE SUBSTANCES
• Made of pure substances, but composition is not fixed
• Can be separated by physical actions
+ + =
Types of Mixtures
• Heterogeneous = substances are not uniformly mixed throughout, you can see the layers
• Homogeneous = evenly mixed throughout– Layers are not visible– Also called a solution
More Mixtures
• Gases can also mix with liquids
• Gases are usually dissolved in water
• Examples are carbonated drinks– Homogeneous mixtures (solutions)– Contain sugar, flavorings and carbon dioxide
dissolved in water