What is electromagnetic radiation? radiation moving at the speed of light.
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Transcript of What is electromagnetic radiation? radiation moving at the speed of light.
To a certain degree the stability of a nucleus can be correlated to its ratio of _________ to ________
• Protons, neutrons
_____________ of cadmium or boron are used to control the
fission process inside the reactor by absorbing neutrons during the
reaction.
• Control rods
List 2 of the 4 types of nuclear reactions.
• Radioactive Decay• Nuclear Bombardment• Fission• Fusion
How are nuclear reactions different from chemical reactions?
• Chemical = involve boding of valence electrons; same types & amounts of atoms on reactant side as product side• Nuclear = involve changes in
the nucleus (protons/neutrons); different atoms as reactant side as compared to product s
The spontaneous break-down of a nucleus into a slightly lighter nucleus,
accompanied by the emission of nuclear radiation is known as ____
• Radioactive decay
Radiation with NOT enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules is called
__________
• Non-ionizing radiation
Mass of fissionable material needed to sustain a nuclear chain reaction is called
________
• Critical mass
A general term for any type of energy that emanates or radiates outward in
all directions is called ______
• Radiation
Write the hyphen notation of an isotope of radium (Ra) with the mass number of 238 and atomic number of 88
• Radium - 238
A change in the identity of a nucleus because of a change in the number of its
protons is called ______
• Transmutation
Atoms of the same element having different numbers of NEUTRONS and, therefore, a different mass number and atomic mass are called ________
• Isotopes
During fission and fusion reactions, what is the relationship
between the MASS of the reactants and the products?
• The mass of the products is LESS than the mass of the reactants
What type of nuclear radiation consists of particles containing
two protons and two neutrons?
• Alpha
The time needed for the decay of one half the atoms in a sample of radioactive
material is known as______________
• ½ life
What type of nuclear reaction occurs when the nucleus is hit with alpha particles, neutrons,
protons or other particles?
• Nuclear Bombardment
Small amounts of mass are converted to HUGE amounts of energy according to Einstein's famous formula. What is this
formula?• E = mc2
What is a benefit of radiation?
• Medicine• Military• Anthropology• Food-microwaves• Energy- electricity
List an example of how radiation is BENEFICIAL.
• Medicine- tracers, cancer treatment• Military – bombs• Anthropology – carbon dating• Food – microwaves• Electricity - TMI
How long does it take one radioactive atom to decay?
• It is impossible to tell!!–Half-life is based on a sample of
radioactive atoms