What is a bibliography?

A bibliography is an alphabetical list of any sources you consult in any language, including–

• books• magazines• newspapers• CD-ROMs• Websites• interviews• encyclopaedias• video clips• etc.

Why do we write bibliographies?

• To acknowledge our sources • To give our readers information to

identify and consult our sources

• And to make sure our information is accurate

What if we don’t include a bibliography?

We may be accused of plagiarism 瓢竊罪名 (that is, stealing another person’s ideas or writing); if so, we may lose some or all of the marks for an assignment or a course.

智慧財產權• 現代西方文化非常重視智慧財產權，而文章所有權是其中之一．凡是學術著作需要引用到前人著作或思想者，按習慣均需要在文章中註明出處，並且對於如何註明，英美學術界訂有極為繁瑣的引用規則．引用前人的著作時，如果是逐字引用，照例必須要加上雙引號（“ ”）且註明引用書籍或文章及頁數

• 如果是換句陳述（ paraphrasing）或取汲前人思想，則需要在文章的最後面按照不同的學術機構規定格式，列出引用的參考書目

Points to Remember

• Instead of typing the titles in bold face, you can underline them or use italics. (When handwriting you underline the titles).

• The final bibliography needs to be in alphabetical order.

• Get into the habit of writing down the bibliographic details on your Bibliography in Progress sheet, as soon as you decide that a resource will be useful.

Case 1 : If no author is given

In this case just enter the title and publishing details.

How science Experience works. London: Dorling Kindersley,1999.

Title of book. City of Publication: Publishing Company, Copyright Year.

Case 2 : Magazines and Other Periodicals

Smith, John. "Fast Food.” Good Diet 4 Oct. 2006: 4

Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Magazine Title Date of Magazine : Pages.

Case 3 : Encyclopedias With an Author

Jones, Peter." Chinese Food." World Book Encyclopedia. 2003 ed.

Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Encyclopedia Title. Edition.

Case 4 : Internet Sources with an Author

Edwards, Bruce L. “C.S. Lewis: A Modest Literary Biography.” Online Literary Criticism Collection. Internet Public Library. 14 Apr. 2003.

<http://www.ipl.org/cgi-bin/ref/litcrit/litcrit.out>.

[Author’s Last Name, First Name.] “Title of Article.” Title of Encyclopedia or Reference Book. Copyright Year. Online Publisher. Date of Visit to site <URL of article>.

Case 5 : Newspapers

Chan, Joseph. "Healthy Food" SCMP 16 November 2006: A6

Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” [if Letter to the Editor, include that

information]. Name of Newspaper [City if local and not in Newspaper name] Date of Newspaper : Section and Page, Columns.

ReferencesA guide to writing bibliographies. 4 July 2008. <http://203.

14.38.46/resources/AGQTP20034/WCA2003_AGuideToWritingBibliographies.doc>

解志強 . 20 Nov, 2006. 英國思灣西大學 . <http://www.swan.ac.uk/cals/staff/shei/publication/plagiarism-chinese.htm>.

Prepared by VSA P5 teachersEdited and expanded by VSA Librarians

June 2008