What does a cell need to survive and how does it get that?
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Transcript of What does a cell need to survive and how does it get that?
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• What does a cell need to survive and how does it get that?
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Lipid Bilayer- a double-layered groupof lipids (fats) that protect the cell,allowing only some things in and outof the cell.
Semipermiable- A membrane that canselect what materials can movethrough.
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•All cells have a liquid inside•Reminder: liquid = solvent
other = solute•Concentration- the amount of solute in an area.
•When solutes move from areas of high to low concentration, across the cell’s membrane, the process is called diffusion.
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• In other words, things move across a membrane from areas of “a lot” to areas of “a little”.
• It’s all about size and shape• chemicals are too big or the wrong shape, they cannot pass through the membrane
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**This does not cost the cell energy!
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Most semipermiable membranes allowwater to cross.
When WATER moves from high tolow concentration, the process is called osmosis.
Animation: http://www.colorado.edu/eeb/web_resources/osmosis/
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Molecules need to get in, but can’tby diffusion.
Many proteins in the cell membraneact to let recognize these moleculesand allow them into the cell.
**This does not require energy!
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Many cells need certain chemicals inhigh concentrations.
Many small molecules are pumpedinto a cell by special proteins.
*This requires energy!**What makes that energy?
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•Endocytosis- Taking IN molecules by cell membranes folding into pockets.• Phagocytosis- When large particles
are taken in through endocytosis• Pinocytosis- Cell taking in liquid
•Exocytosis- Vacuoles fuse with cell membranes, forcing molecules OUT.
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Some Examples…
• Salt on a cell• What happens?
• If concentration of things in and out of cell are very different and remain that way, what does that tell you about the cell’s functioning?
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•Breaking down glucose to create energy in the form of ATP
•Aerobic• uses oxygen, makes 36 ATP
• Anaerobic• when oxygen is absent, makes 2 ATP
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• What are 2 factors that allow some things to cross a membrane while others cannot?