Minerals Building Blocks of Rocks Minerals Building Blocks of Rocks 1.
What are minerals and rocks
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Transcript of What are minerals and rocks
What are the properties
minerals and rocks?
Solid, natural material formed from non-living things in .
Minerals
GoldDiamond Graphite
Minerals are made of:
1 Element (a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances)
or more
Example of elements:Oxygen
GoldIron
In nature
Minerals can be found:
Ex. Iron can be found in a rock called ore.
But:Steel is combination of iron and
carbon (made by people)
So, it is not a mineral
Properties of minerals
1) Streak 2) hardness 3) Luster
1 )StreakColor of the powder left behind when a mineral
is rubbed against a rough surface
2 )Hardness(Mohs scale)
Copper
Talc Quartz Diamond
3 )Luster(The way the mineral reflects light from its
surface)
Luster can be 2 types.
Metallic luster(Shiny)
Non-Metallic luster(Dull)
Metallic luster(Shiny)
Non-Metallic luster
FractureWhen the mineral has rough surface
Breaks in minerals can also help identify them
CleavageWhen the mineral
has smooth surface
Rocks are put into groups according to how they are formed (made)
Types of rocks
1) Sedimentary
rocks
2) Igneous rocks
3) Metamorphic
rocks
Sedimentary rocks1
- Formed when materials settle into layers.
Example:
Sandstone Limestone
Wind and water break the rocks into small pieces.
Wind and water carries bits of rock and soil away.
Bits of rock and soil settle into layers.
After a long time, layers harden into rocks.
Igneous rocks2
- Formed when rocks melt and then cool.
1) Sedimentary rocks are pushed under the earth crust where heat and pressure turns them to magma.
2) Magma comes out of a volcano and cools to form Igneous rocks.
IfIgneous rocks cool
down quickly
Look like glassExample:Obsidian
Igneous rocks cools down slowly
Has large grainsExample:Granite