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RELATIONSHIPSThe Heart of

Infant Toddler Caregiving

OBJECTIVESDiscuss the centrality of relationships in development for infants and toddlersDescribe the impact of relationships on the social-emotional development of infants and toddlersExplain concepts of relationship-based practice as part of infant and toddler caregiving

QUOTE 1All learning takes place in the context of

relationships and is critically affected by the quality of those relationships.

~ Norman-Murch

THE DANCE

PICKING A PARTNER

TEMPERAMENTTEMPERAMENT

* Thomas & Chess, 1990 *Program for Infant/Toddler Caregivers

(PITC), 1993

Description

EASY FLEXIBLE Child is regular in biological rhythms, adaptable, approachable, generally positive in mood of mild intensity.

DIFFICULT FEISTY Child is irregular in feeding and sleep schedules, not easily adaptable, withdrawing, negative, intense.

SLOW TO WARM-UP

FEARFUL Child is low in activity, withdrawing in new situations, slow to adapt, mild in intensity, shy

WHERE AM I FROM?

• Cultural InfluencesFeeding and nutritionSleep patternsPositioning of infant/toddlerLanguage and communicationValues, goals, prioritiesExtended family

THE THEORY

ERIKSON• Trust vs. Mistrust

Birth to 1 yearResponsive care to build trust

• Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt1-3 yearsIncreasing independence

BARRIERS

Scenario 118-month-old Juan is new to the program. He cries when his mother leaves after dropping him at the center.

What is a potential barrier to developing trust in this situation?

What is a caregiver response that can help to promote trust?

Scenario 2Andrea is intently engaged in the sandbox. It is time for the group to go inside to begin preparing for lunch.

What is a potential barrier to developing trust in this situation?

What is a caregiver response that can help to promote trust?

Scenario 3In an infant/toddler room, Ms. Sally is leaving to attend a class. Ms. Tara enters to cover for her and has brought a new book that she is excited about sharing with the children. Ms. Tara loudly asks the children to come to the reading area so she can read them the new book. The children are not interested.

What is a potential barrier to developing trust in this situation?

What is a caregiver response that can help to promote trust?

QUOTE 2A secure attachment occurs when the child

perceives the attachment figure as available and responsive when needed.

~ Cassidy

THE TIES THAT BIND• Secure vs. Insecure attachments

• Foundation for life

• Criteria Provision of physical and emotional careContinuity or consistencyEmotional investment

ATTACHMENT QUOTES“Virtually all infants develop close emotional bonds, or attachments, to those who regularly care for them in the early years of life.”

“Infants and toddlers in child care form attachment relationships with their non-parental caregivers.”

“…Relationships are the organizing focus of all early development.”

THE CHILD’S FIRST TEACHER

CAREGIVER and PARENTContinuity across settings

Caregiver and parent

Parallel process

Strengthening families

QUOTE 3Young children’s relationships with their primary

caregivers have a major impact on their cognitive, linguistic, emotional, social and moral

development. These relationships are most growth promoting when they are warm, nurturing, individualized, responsive in a contingent and reciprocal manner, and

characterized by a high level of ‘goodness of fit’.~ National Research Council

RELATIONSHIP BASED PRACTICE

7 PRINCIPLES1. Respect2. Sensitivity3. Commitment4. Mutual Goals5. Open Communication6. Reflection7. Setting Standards

WAA

WATCH-observe the child

ASK-what do these observations mean?

ADAPT-respond to the child

THE GREAT DEBATE

PROSLike families

Learn from older children

Learn empathy

Leadership

CONSToddlers w/infants

We’ve never done it this way

Challenging environment

EVALUATION

PD CERTIFICATEThis Professional Development session will appear on your PD History on the PA Key website within 2-4 weeks.

You will be able to print your certificate after we have received the Reflection Tool and Survey Monkey evaluation.

SURVEY MONKEYPlease complete the Reflection Tool and email it to me at slcohick@stepcorp.org within 5 business days.

Additionally, please complete the following evaluation on Survey Monkey to provide feedback regarding this session.http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/DZCFLSH