Welcome to CJ 101!! Kaplan University Professor Chad Rosa Unit 6.
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Transcript of Welcome to CJ 101!! Kaplan University Professor Chad Rosa Unit 6.
Welcome to CJ 101!!
Kaplan UniversityProfessor Chad Rosa
Unit 6
Kaplan University
Once again, a few reminders………
Your Professor – Me
Minnesota – southern metro area
Over 18 years of criminal justice experience including: private security, state patrol, municipal patrol officer and school resource officer
Online Learning at KU
KU stands for Kaplan University
Each class is 10 weeks long
Each week is called a Unit
Each unit has several graded items – check the gradebook!!
Online Learning at KU
Each unit/week starts on Wednesday & ends at 1159 pm EST on Tuesday
Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work
Online Learning at KU
Want to be successful in my class?
The following are the secrets…
Reading
Each unit has a reading link – which tells you which chapter(s) to read
Electronic book/chapters in docsharing
PowerPoints – Read both Start your work for each Unit early
– DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work
Discussion Questions
Each unit has a discussion board question
Always answer the question with at least a 100 word response
Always “reply” to one other student for each question. Must give good input and thought – not “good post” etc
Quizzes
Many units will have a quiz You can always retake a quiz
to get a better grade – most recent score is kept
However, quizzes are only open during the unit, never accepted late
Seminars
EASTERN TIME No seminar during units 5 or
10 Participation & quality input
If you miss a seminar – alternate assignment to DocSharing, NOT Dropbox
Seminars
If you miss a seminar – Review the instructions in the
seminar link of each unit. To receive credit for the seminar if you are
unable to attend, you are required to write a 1 page paper summary on what we covered.
Review the seminar archive for additional information.
Submit your assignment using the Doc Sharing tab.
Select the option to send to your instructor only.
More Success
Go in to DocSharing and print out my example paper and EXACTLY follow that format
MUST write all papers in a Microsoft Word document
MUST write in Times New Roman size 12 font and double space
Cover/title page, body of text and reference page
Gradebook
Always check your grade book Click on each individual grade so you
can read my comments You can always redo and resubmit any
work for a better grade – BUT only within ONE week
For example, you receive a low grade on your Unit 2 paper – you have until the end of Unit 3 to resubmit it if you want to
Late Work
Late work will only be accepted one week late – for up to full credit
After one week – no credit will be given
Unit 5 Recap!!
Graded items:Midterm PowerPointComplete the StrengthsQuest Assessment
What do I have to do to complete this unit?
Read Chapters 9 Discussion Board – discuss SQ
results Attend the Seminar Complete the Quiz
StrengthsQuest (SQ) Results
Lets talk about your SQ results
Everyone please list some of your strengths
StrengthsQuest (SQ) Results
How can you use those strengths for your schooling and/or career?
StrengthsQuest (SQ) Results
Everyone please give some examples of how a courtroom participant could use 1 or more of your strengths in their job……..
Unit 6
The Courts: Structure and Participants
We examine the role of the judge in court proceedings and the responsibilities and
jurisdiction of state, federal and appellate courts. The prosecutor and defense attorney serve
different, but equally important functions in the administration of justice.
Unit 6 The development of the American court system
The differences between the state and federal court systems
About indigent defense, and how it is applied in the United States
The roles of expert and lay witnesses in a criminal trial, and describe how their testimony might differ
How professional and nonprofessional courtroom participants work together to bring most criminal trials to a successful close
Unit 6Unit 6
Court System
Explain the concept of the dual-court system in America
America’s Dual Court System
The United States has courts on both the federal and state levels.
This dual system reflects the state’s need to retain judicial autonomy separate from the federal government.
Most criminal cases originate within state courts.
America’s Dual Court System
Identify some of the differences between the state and federal court systems
Everybody give it a shot!!
The State Court System
Many differences among state courts Most use the three-tiered structure
Trial courts of limited jurisdiction Trial courts of general jurisdiction Appellate courts
Court reform movement seeks to simplify and unify court structures
Most criminal cases originate within state courts
Typical State Court System
The State Court System
Where criminal cases “begin.” Bail hearings Arraignments Enters pleas Conducts trials Sentences
Two types of trial courts: Courts of limited, or special, jurisdiction (lower
courts) Courts of general jurisdiction
The State Court System
State Trial Courts: Courts of Limited Jurisdiction
Authorized to hear: Misdemeanors Family disputes Traffic violations Small claims
The State Court System
State Trial Courts: Courts of Limited Jurisdiction
Lower courts: Rarely hold jury trials Do not maintain detailed records of
proceedings (just charge, plea, finding, and sentence)
Less formal than higher courts
The State Court System
State Trial Courts: Courts of General Jurisdiction Also called: high courts, circuit courts, or
superior courts. Formal courts that make full use of juries,
witnesses, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and other actors.
Authorized to hear: Any criminal case Lower court appeals
Trial de novo (New trial)
The State Court System
State Appellate Courts
39 states have intermediate and high-level appellate courts (courts of last resorts)
All states have supreme courts
The State Court System
Appeals
Appeals are requests by a defendant to a higher court asking it to review the actions of a lower court
Some cases (involving death penalty or life sentences) are automatically appealed
The State Court System
Appeals – the Results Most convictions are confirmed Some decisions are reversed and
cases remanded Recourse may be to a state supreme
court Generally, state supreme court is the
court of last resort
The Federal Court System
Established by the U.S. Constitution
Article III, Section 1
“One Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.”
The Federal Court System
Article III, Section 2
Federal courts are to have jurisdiction over cases arising under the Constitution, federal law, and treaties.
Federal courts are to settle disputes between states and to have jurisdiction in cases where one of the parties is a state.
The Federal Court System
What at the three Levels of federal courts?
The Federal Court System
What at the three Levels of federal courts?
U.S. Supreme Court U.S. Courts of Appeals U.S. District Courts
The Federal Court System
U.S. District Court
There are 94 judicial districts At least 1 district court per state District courts in Puerto Rico, the
District of Columbia, and other U.S. Territories
U.S. District Court
The trial courts of the federal system
Original jurisdiction over all cases involving alleged violations of federal statutes
U.S. District Court
There are 650 district court judges. Appointed by the President and confirmed by
the Senate Serve for life
District court judges are assisted by magistrate judges, who: Conduct arraignments Set bail Issue warrants Try minor offenders
U.S. Supreme Court
How many justices serve on the U.S. Supreme Court??
How does one become a U.S. Supreme Court Justice?
U.S. Supreme Court
The U.S. Supreme Court consists of nine justices:
Eight Associate JusticesOne Chief Justice
Justices are nominated by the President, confirmed by the Senate, and serve for life.
U.S. Supreme Court: Appeals
Of 5,000 annual requests for review, only about 200 are heard
Four justices must vote in favor of a hearing for a case to be heard
Usually the Court only reviews cases that involve a substantial federal question
The Court issues a writ of certiorari (order by a higher court) to a lower court
The Court reviews transcripts and hears brief oral arguments
U.S. Supreme Court: Appeals
Opinions of the Court Supreme Court decisions are rarely
unanimous
Types of opinions: Majority—Justices agree in outcome and
reasoning. This is the opinion of the court. Concurring—Agree with outcome, but for
different reasons Dissenting—Disagree with outcome
Courtroom Work Group
Identify and explain the roles of the professional members of the courtroom work group?
Nonprofessional courtroom participants?
Courtroom Work Group
Professional Judge Prosecuting
attorney Defense attorney Bailiff Court reporter Clerk of the court Expert witnesses
Non-Professional Lay witnesses Jurors Defendant Victim Spectators Press
Courtroom Work Group
The Judge Primary duty to ensure justice
Responsibilities include: Ruling on most matters of the law Weighing objections Deciding the admissibility of evidence Sentencing offenders Disciplining disorderly courtroom attendees Deciding guilt or innocence (for bench trials)
Courtroom Work Group
The Prosecutor
Present the state’s case against the defendant State has the burden of proof
Supervise staff of assistant district attorneys Serve as quasi-legal advisor to police Files appeals on behalf of the state Makes presentations to parole boards
Courtroom Work Group
Explain the roles of expert and lay witnesses in a criminal trial, and describe how their testimony might differ
Courtroom Work Group
Expert Witness
a person who has special knowledge and skills in an established profession or technical area. This person is usually a paid professional
unlike lay witnesses, they may express opinions and draw conclusions in their testimony
Courtroom Work Group
Lay Witness Non-expert witness
May be: Eye witness Character witness Victim
Are subpoenaed to appear Testify to that which they have direct
knowledge of
Courtroom Work Group
How do professional and nonprofessional courtroom participants work together to bring most criminal trials to a successful close?
Unit 6 Requirements
Read Chapter 9 Attend the Weekly Seminar Respond to the Discussion Board –
100 word answer and respond to at least one other student
Take the Quiz Complete everything by Tuesday at
1159pm EST
Good Night
That is all I have for tonight!! Have a great upcoming week!!