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=== afFsL k[i7 & df

=== afFsL k[i7 & df

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j}zfv @^ ut] ;fF´ sl/a ^M)) ah] kf]v/fsf] 5f]/]kf6gaf6 kqmfp ul/Psf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ sf:sLsf ;]qm]6/L gGbk|;fb ltjf/L …hugÚ nfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sf:sLsf] lx/f;tdf /fv]kl5 h]7 @! ut] b}lgs tf/]vdf kfFr;o ?lkofF w/f}6Ldf l/xf u/]sf] lyof] .

h]7 @ ut] k[YjLrf]s -nvgrf]s_ sf:sLaf6 kf6L{sf lhNnf ;b:o ef]h/fh lqkf7L;lxt !% hgfnfO{ /fhgLlts sfo{qmddf hfgsf] nflu h'6\b} ubf{ PSsf;L k|x/Lsf] Eofgn] 3]/fxfn]/ ;a}nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L a}bfd k|x/L rf}sL nu]sf] lyof] . ;f] rf}sLaf6 /ftL sl/a (M)) ah]sf] ;do ( hgf dlxnf kf6L{sf ;dy{s Pjd\ z'elrGts hgtfnfO{ 5f8]sf] lyof] eg] afFsL % hgf ef]h/fh lqkf7L, dLgaxfb'/ kl/of/, k|]d/fh d;f{ªL, snd ljs, uL/axfb'/ ljs, cd[t a:ofnnfO{ eg] ;fj{hlgs ck/fwsf] d'2fdf km;fpFb} ef]lnkN6 g} 8f8fFsf] gf6 k|x/L rf}sLdf j}zfv @@ ut];Dd lx/f;tdf /fvL h]7 @# ut] hgxL % ;osf b/n] w/f}6Ldf c;f/ @@ ut]sf] ;fdfGo tf/]vdf l/xf u/]sf] lyof] .

ljleGg ;dodf /fHoåf/f lu/km\tf/Ldf kl/ lx/f;tsf s]xL lbg latfpFb} k'gM hgtfsf aLrdf cfOk'u]sf g]tf, sfo{stf{nufotnfO{ sf:sLdf Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr hg;d'bfosf] pkl:yltdf clegGbg tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmd ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;a}n] ;+lIfKtdf cfkm\gf] lu/km\tf/L / lx/f; a;fOsf] ef]ufO / cg'ej Pjd\ cfkm\gf] ;+3if{k|ltsf] l:kl/6 /fVg'eof], h;df lx/f;t a:g] of]4fx¿sf] a]hf]8 Pstf, c7f]6 / ;+3if{k|ltsf] k|lta4tf leq}b]lv kf]lvPsf] lyof] eg] kf6L{sf g]t[Tjn] ljz]if wGojfb;lxt cfufdL ;+3if{df yk rgfvf] x'b} lg/Gt/ lqmofzLn x'g clek|]l/t ug'{ePsf] lyof] . clegGbg sfo{qmddf Pp6f km/s If0f klg cg'ej ug]{ df}sf ldn]sf] lyof] hxfF hgtfsf] cfjfh, Pstf / ;+3if{af6 cft+lst ;Qfn] sfo{qmd c;kmn kfg{ egL s]xL ;'/Iff kmf];{nfO{ l;lendf k7fPsf] /x]5 . pgLx¿sf] pkl:yltn] sfo{qmd t layf]lnPg, a? ;ts{tfnfO{ Wofg lbb} sfo{qmd 5f]6f] ub}{ ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] .

lu/km\tf/Ldf ;+s6sfnsf] ´Nsf] M slyt r'gfj vf/]h cleofgsf qmddf :yfgLo ;+;b\jfbL d'VotM g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;'/fssf] cfwf/df ;'/Iff kmf];{n] cGgk"0f{ ufpFkflnsfsf] n'Dn]af6 cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ r9]sf] cfz+sfdf ;8sdf s'lb/x]sf] ofq' a; PSsf;L /f]Sg k'Ub5g\ . nuQ} l;6df /x]sf ofq'x¿nfO{ pqg pbL{ ub}{ pgLx¿n] cfz+sfsf] cfwf/df a;sf] ofq"x¿;Fu l6s6 hfrF;Dd ub{5g\ eg] ;f]xL qmddf k5fl8 l;6df ofqfdf /x]sf ljBfyL{;lxtnfO{ a;af6 cf]/fnL ;8s 5]pdf nfOg nufP/ vfgtnf;L u¥of] . pgLx¿n] vfgtnf;Ldf r'gfj vf/]hsf] krf{ kf]:6/afx]s c¿ vf; s]xL eg] e]6g ;s]]gg\, g t pgLx¿;Fu ad uf]nf / uf]nL u6\7f g} kfP . /fHosf] unt lgb]{zgsf] pGdfbdf /x]sf k|x/Ln] ljBfyL{sf % hgfdWo] k|foMh;f]nfO{ n5f/k5f/ ub}{ xftkft ug{;Dd kl5 k/]gg\ . o;}qmddf Pshgf eg] vfgtnf;Ls} aLrdf pDsg ;kmn ePsf] :d/0f ;'gfpFbf Pp6f 5'6\6} ;+s6sfnsf] b}lgsLsf] k'g:d}/0f ePsf] eGg] cg'ej lu/km\tf/Ldf k/]sf ljBfyL{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{n] ;'gfPsf lyP .

;fj{hlgs ck/fw d'2fsf] b'?kof]u M sf:sL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{Nfon] j}zfv @% ut] sf:sL lhNnfsf] n'Dn] / gofFk'naf6 lu/km\tf/Ldf lnPsf] ldng /fO{, sfhL td', lbnaxfb'/ tfdfª, ;'lgn s'dfn, lzj If]qL, k|jn e08f/L ljBfyL{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ / @@ ut] k"j{ n]vgfy gu/kflnsf, v'bLvf]nfaf6

lu/km\tf/Ldf lnPsf] /fhs'df/ ;'gf/nfO{ h]7 !* ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 l;l8cf]sf] k|oIf ;xeflutdf ;/sf/L jlsnsf] km};nfcg';f/ Ps–Ps xhf/ e/f}6Ldf l/xf u/]sf] lyof] . hlta]nf l/xfOsf] kxn / ko{j]If0f ul//x]sf dfgjclwsf/jfbL, kqsf/, kLl8tsf cfkmGt Pjd\ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf sfo{stf{ l/xfkl5sf] kvf{Odf /x]s} ;do k'g '́§f d'2fdf km;fpg] p2]Zo /Rb} k|zf;gsf] leqL u]6af6 k'gM /fdahf/ k|x/L PsfOsf] Eofg / kmf];{sf] k|of]u u/L k'gM lu/km\tf/ u/L sf:sL k|zf;gn] cfkm\gf] lg/Lxtf, sfg'gL /fHosf] lvNnL p8fpg'sf ;fy} kqsf/ / dfgjclwsf/jfbLnfO{ ;d]t nlHht agfpg] sfd uof] . ;f] ;do lhNnf k|zf;gn] 3l6of ts{ cl3 ;fb}{ pgLx¿sf] sk8f /fdahf/ rf}sLdf ePsfn] ;f] ;fdfg a'́ fP/ 5fl8lbg] eGb} /fdahf/ rf}sL nu]nuQ} sdfG8 ;Dxfn] . Ps k|x/Ln] dflysf] cfb]zcg';f/ csf]{ e'm§f d'2fsf] tof/L u/], h;df bf];|f] r'gfj layf]Ng] u/L pgLx¿s} lx/f;tdf /x]sf] ;do /+uzfnf glhs} a}7s a;]sf] eGg] k"/} '́6 Joxf]/f tof/ kf/]sf /x]5g\ . o;/L sf:sL k|zf;gn] ;fj{hlgs ck/fw Pgsf] xb};Ddsf] b'?kof]u ul/ ;+s6sfnsf] b}lgsL k|bz{g u/]sf] lyof] .

k|r08–afa'/fdsf] k|sfzgdf k|ltaGw M u0ftGq g]kfnsf] xfn}sf] slyt :yfgLo lgjf{rg vf/]h cleofgsf] qmddf /fHon] lu/km\tf/kl5 lx/f;tdf /x]sf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{nfO{ sDo'lg:6 k':ts k9g dfq aGb]h nufPgg\, pgLx¿sf] aGb]h tTsfnLg g]kfn ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL k|r08 / k"j{ k|wfgdGqL 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sf k':ts;d]t k9\gdf k"0f{tM /f]s nufOPsf] lx/f;tkl5sf] cfkm\gf] cg'e"ltdf lx/f;t a;]sf sfo{stf{n] cfkm\gf] k|ToIf cg'e"ltdf ljifo /fVb} ubf{ k|r08nufotn] b;xft pkm{b} pknlAw dfg]sf] u0ftGqsf] x}l;ot g/fd|f];Fu pbf+uf] ePsf], g]kfnsf] /fHo d]l;g/Lsf sfdbf/x¿ sDo'lg:6 k|efjsf] eoaf6 slt cft+lst 5g\ / pgLx¿n] h]n lx/f;tdf cfkm\gf] j}rfl/s kIfw/tfdf aGb]h nufpb} cWoog ug{ kfpg] /fhgLlts clwsf/ dfly kmfl;jfbL z}nLdf ul/g] bdgn] nf]stGqjfbL Pjd\ u0ftGqjfbL 7]s]bf/x¿sf] r]x/f kbf{kmf; ePsf] 5 . x'g t lxhf] g]kfndf qmflGtsf] cfjZostfdf tof/ kfl/Psf n]v /rgfsf] ;+slnt k':tsaf6 n]vsx¿ g} cft+lst x'Fb} sltn] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ g} kl/Tofu ug{ k'u]sf 5g\ eg] s]xLn] ´G8f / nf]uf]sf] Jofkf/ ub}{ ;f] x6fpFbf cGo k|ltlqmofjfbL kf6L{ / sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df vf; leGg cf}lrTo / cy{ g/xg]u/L ef/tLo ;fd|fHojfb / bnfn k'FhLjfb;dIf cfTd;dk{0f ub}{ g/fd|f];Fu ;+;b\jfbdf ktg x'g k'u]sf afa'/fd / k|r08sf] t'ngfdf k'/fgf] /fHosf] hglj/f]wL :s'n kfPsf ;'/Iff c+usf s]xL sdfG8/ / cfb]zkfns l;kfxLx¿sf] cft+s sDo'lg:6 k':ts Pjd\ cWoog ;fdu|L aGg' cf7f} cfZro{ eg] ePg .

pRr cbfntsf] km};nf M w/f}6Ldf l/xf x'g gkfp“b} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, sf:sLsf] kl/;/af6 k'gM /fdahf/ k|x/L PsfO Eofgdf lu/km\tf/Ldf k/]sf & hgf /fhgLlts aGbL hf] nfdf] lx/f;tkl5 d'Qm x'g] ;dodf k|ltlqmofjfbL ;/sf/n] clwsf/ vf];];Fu} kl/jf/sf] ;lqmotfdf aGbL–k|ToIfLs/0f l/6 bfo/ u/L @! / @@ ut]sf] ax;sf] km};nfkl5 ;–;Ddfg l/xf x'g'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] l/xfOsf] cfb]z pRr cbfnt kf]v/fsf dfggLo GofowLzåo afnrGb| zdf{ / s'nk|;fb >]i7sf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;n] u/]sf] lyof] . l/6sf] lgj]bsdf kLl8tsf cfkmGtx¿ sdnf s'dfn, s'naxfb'/ /fO{ / t]h u'?ª lyP eg] kLl8tsf] kIfdf ax;df clwjQmfqo uf]ljGb kf}8]n, ltns k/fh'nL / ;'/]Gb| yfkfdu/ /x]sf lyP .

lx/f;tdf /fhgLlt M /fHosf] lgzfgfdf lx/f;t a;fOsf] sl/a ! dlxgf kf/ u/]sf aGbL ;xof]4fx¿n] lx/f;tdf cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts wf/ pFrf] g} agfP, hxfF cg]sf}F d'2fdf lx/f;tdf k'u]sfx¿;Fu Jofks /fhgLlts cGt/lqmof, g]kfnsf] bnfn ;Qf h;sf] unt rl/q / sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] rfx]sf] kl/jt{gaf/]df k|x/Lx¿;Fu ePsf] 5nkmnn] cfkm\gf] cleofgnfO{ lx/f;tdf klg lg/Gt/tf lbPsf /x]5g\ eg] lx/f;tsf] u]6;Dd wfpg] ;+;b\jfbL bnfn g]tfnfO{ pgsf] cfTd;dk{0f vf/]h ub}{ cfjZos k/] aiff}{+ lbg h]nhLag latfpg] 5nkmndf lgrf]8 lgsfNb} /fhgLlts aGbLn] cfkm\gf] j}rfl/s kIfw/tf / b[9tfdf ;fdg nufPsf /x]5g\ eg] sltko vfhf–vfgfnufotsf ;Gbe{df cg'ejsf] sdLsf sf/0f vr{ s]xL a9L x'g k'u]sf] h:tf sdhf]/L /x]sf] dx;'; u/L l/xfkl5sf] cfkm\gf] cg'ej cfbfg–k|bfgdf ;a}n] /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . r'gfj vf/]h cleofgsf] qmddf sf:sL lhNnfdf lhNnfsf ;]qm]6/Lb]lv ;dy{s hgtf;Dd u/L #^ hgfn] lx/f;tsf] s]xL 3G6fb]lv nfdf] ;do cyf{t\ /fhs'df/ ;'gf/n] ## lbgsf] lx/f;tsf] cg'ej;lxt gofF lzIff, k|lta4tf, c7f]6 / j}rfl/s kIfw/tf Pjd\ b[9tf;lxt cfkm"nfO{ yk ;d[4 kfb}{ bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] labfOsf lglDt cfpg] cfufdL ;+3if{df v/f] pqg] k|:6 a'́ g ;lsGYof] .

b]pjf–bfxfn u7aGwg ;/sf/n] k6s–k6s ;f/]/ c;f/ !$ ut]sf nflu bf];|f] r/0fsf] :yfgLo txsf] r'gfj 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . /fhkfnfO{

r'gfjdf Nofpg / @ g+= k|b]zdf r'gfjL jftfj/0f

;xh kfg{ ;f] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . ;/sf/n] g /fhkfnfO{ r'gfjdf Nofpg ;Sof], g t @ g+= k|b]zdf r'gfj g} u/fpg ;Sof] . a? b]zsf] lglZrt e"–efu ljb]zLsf] k|efj If]q xf] eGg] efj ;Dk|]if0f u¥of] . of] lgs} vt/gfs dgf]lj1fg :yflkt ePsf] 5 . To;af6 ;/sf/ / u7aGwg bnx¿ stfaf6 / s'g zlQms]Gb|af6 kl/rflnt ePsf 5g\ clg pgLx¿n] b]znfO{ stf ws]Nb}5g\ < eGg] k|Zg p7]sf] 5 .

cfh c;f/ !$ ut] xf] . ef]ln cyf{t\ c;f/ !% ut] lxGb' wdf{nDaL ls;fgx¿sf] dxTjk"0f{ rf8 klg xf] . c;f/ !% nfO{ ls;fgsf] pT;jsf] lbg klg dflgG5 . To;} lbgdf r'gfj yf]k/]/ ;/sf/n] ls;fgnfO{ dgf]j}1flgs bafa dfq lbPsf] 5}g, ckdflgt;d]t u/]sf] 5 . !$ ut]sf] r'gfjL Jo:ttfn] !% ut] d'/L pAhfpg / kj{ dgfpg;d]t ;d:of x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] d'l:nd ;d'bfosf] rf8 k/]sf] eGb} r'gfjsf] ldlt k5fl8 ;fbf{ lxGb' wfld{s ;d'bfosf] rf8 kg]{ s'/fdf Vofn u/]g jf ug{ rfx]g . To;k|sf/sf] lg0f{o ubf{ ;du| ljifo / kl/l:yltk|lt x]Ssf /fVg'k5{ . Psflt/ 6fNbf csf]{lt/ Ejfª kfg]{ ;/sf/L z}nL cfnf]Ro 5 .

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5g\– klxnf], o; k|fGtdf @% k|sf/sf a;f]af; /x]sf 5g\ . h;df cGo k|fGteGbf ;dGjofTds / ;xof]uL /x]sf 5g\ . h'g pTs[i6 lrlgofF gd"gf xf] . oxfF ljleGg k|sf/sf hfthflt /x]sf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu s'lGdª / lrl8ª, h'g o'gfgsf] dWo efudf /x]sf 5g\ . ;x/L If]qdf tkfO{+ slxNo} ggfl;g] a;f]af; b]Vg ;Sg'x'G5 . of] klxnf] ljz]iftf xf] . bf];|f] ljz]iftf, ef}uf]lns leGgtf xf] . o'gfg ef}uf]lns leGgtf g} kmfObfhgs /x]sf] 5 . of] blIf0f–klZrd rLgdf kb{5 . o;n] leotgfd, nfcf];\ / Dofgdf/nfO{ 5'G5 . cGo l5d]sL b]z blIf0f / k"jL{ Pl;of /x]sf] 5, h;sf sf/0f xfdL ;lhn} ;f+:s[lts / cfly{s If]qdf k|j]z ug{ ;S5f}+ . o'gfg k|fGtsf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ kIf blIf0f / blIf0f / blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;of;Fu ;DaGw lj:tf/ ug]{ k|j]zåf/ xf] . lrlgofF /fi6«klt l; lhglkªn] Ps kf6f] Ps af6f] kl/of]hgf ;'? ug'{ePsf] 5 . of] kl/of]hgfsf] s]Gb|df o'gfg k|fGt 5 . blIf0f / blIf0f k"jL{ Pl;of hf]8\gdf o'gfg k|fGtsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg 5 . …rLg / blIf0f tyf blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;of d]nf rLg / blIf0f k"jL{ Pl;ofsf] ;xof]usf] cfsif{s ;'?cft xf] . rLg / Pl;of k|bz{gL d]nf /fHo:t/sf] dxTjk"0f{ 36gfsf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . h;sf] cfof]hgf s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/n] u/]sf] xf] . o;n] o'gfg k|fGtsf] blIf0f tyf blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;ofsf b]zx¿;Fusf] ;dGjofTds ;DaGw j[l4 ug]{5 . o'gfgsf] csf]{ ljz]iftf h}ljs ljljwtf xf] . xfjfkfgL, ;+:s[lt, ljsf; /x]sf jGohGt', jg:klt / ;d'b| ;txaf6 ^&)) ld6/ prfOdf /x]sf] :yfgb]lv

;d'b| ;txaf6 s]jn &) ld6/dfq prfOdf /x]sf] leotgfd glhssf] :yfg klg o'gfgdf 5 . cfh o'gfg k|fGt hLjhGt' / ag:klt /fHoh:t} ePsf] 5 .

 cfhsf] cj:yfdf tkfO{+ cWoIf dfcf] T;]t'ªnfO{ s;/L ;lD´g'x'G5 t < cWoIf dfcf] rLgsf dxfg\ g]tf x'g'x'GYof] .

dfcf] gePsf] eP gofF rLg aGg ;Sb}gYof] . gofF / ljsl;t rLg aGg ;Sb}gYof] . /, h'g ;+;f/df rLgsf] cfh ljz]if :yfg 5, Tof] klg ;Dej x'Fb}gYof] . d}n] eGg vf]h]sf] s] xf] eg] dfcf] T;] t'ªlagf rLg sDo'lg:6do aGg ;Sb}gYof] . To:t} pxfF dxfg\ bfz{lgs, /fhgLlts / hgufos klg x'g'x'GYof] . To;}n] lrlgofF hgtf pxfFnfO{ ;lD´/xG5g\ . pxfFsf] of]ubfgn] rLgdf ljsf; kQf nufpg ;xof]u k'¥ofof] . pxfF cfheGbf $! jif{cl3 laTg'eof] t/ lrlgofF hgtf pxfFnfO{ ;wF}el/ ;lD´/xg]5g\ .

 rLgn] e"d08nLs/0faf6 ;[lht ;d:ofsf] ;fdfwfg s;/L ug{ ;Snf < jf:tjdf rLgn] e"d08nLs/0fsf] ;d:ofnfO{

krfO;s]sf] 5 . ld:;f8fGrjLkl5 of] xfdLn] p7fO;s]sf 5f}F . of] k|x/Ln] cEof; ul/;s]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f rLgn] e"d08nLs/0faf6 k}bf ePsf] 7"nf] g/;+xf/nfO{ bafpFb} cfPsf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ eGbf e"d08nLs/0fsf] r'gf}tL cd]l/sfnfO{ a9L 5 . rLgn] o;nfO{ slxNo} r'gf}tL 7fg]sf] 5}g . xfdLn] b[9tfk"j{s o; r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ul//x]sf 5f}F . To;sf/0f rLg hl6neGbf hl6n ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;Ifd 5 .

 lrlgofF hgsf+u|];sf ;kmn g]t[Tjx¿ To; ljifodf s] eG5g\ t < d'Vo /fHo / 7"nf OG6/k|fOh]hn] lrlgofF

cy{tGqsf] lgoGq0f ug]{ ub{5g\ . ltgn] rLgsf] cy{tGqdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg lbPsf 5g\ . k|fOe]6 OG6/k|fOh]h / 7"nf OG6/k|fOh]hx¿n] rLgsf] cy{tGqdf /fd|f] e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ . 7"nf] dfqfdf rn]sf] Jofkf/n] /fd|f] k|bz{g u/]g eg] ;/sf/n] k|f]T;fxg ug]{ u/]sf] 5. h;n] ;dfhnfO{ /fd|f] k|efj kfg{ ;S5 . lghL Jofkf/ a9]df To;n] ;dfh / ;du| ;dfhsf] ljsf; /fd|f] x'g ;S5 . rLg dfq Pp6f o:tf] b]z xf], h;n] ul/aL 36fpg / pTkfbg a9fpg /fd|f] k|ult u/]sf] 5 . uPsf $ jif{df ^) s/f]8 hg;+Vof ul/aLsf] /]vfaf6 aflx/ cfPsf 5g\ . !=# s/f]8 hg;+Vofdf $ s/f]8 hg;+Vof rLgdf c´} ul/aLsf] /]vfleq 5g\ . /fi6«klt l; lhglkªsf cg';f/ ;g\ @)@)

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o'lgogx¿n] lnlvt ¿kd} ljw]os ;dy{g u¥of] . xfo/ P08 kmfo/, gf] js{ gf] k] h:tf dhb'/ lj/f]wL P]gsf] kIfdf ;+zf]wgjfbL 6]«8 o'lgogx¿ r'krfk a;] . dfs]sf] clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3 Pdfn] ;dly{t lhkmG6, sf+u|];sf] 6«]8 o'lgog sf+u|]; nufotsf ;+u7gx¿n] P]gsf kIfdf jsfnt ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;+;b\jfbL bnleq /x]sf clwsf+z g]tfx¿sf] sxL+ g sxL+ pBf]u tyf sn sf/vfgfdf nufgL /x]sf] 5, To;sf/0f Joj;foL /Iffsf] gfddf k'FhLjfbL xs{tx¿ k|bz{g ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;+;f/el/ g} k|rlng 6«]8 o'lgog clwsf/sf] ;Dd xgg\ u/fpg] k|k~rdf ;+;b\jfbL bnfn 6«]8 o'lgog nfu]sf] 5 . ;j{xf/f >dhLjL dhb'/ ju{sf] clwsf/sf] nflu ;dlk{t /x]sf] eGg] ;Qfsf] b'¿kof]u ug]{ v]ndf cEo:t 5g\ . g]kfnL >lds dhb'/x¿sf] cj:yf x]bf{ clxn];Dd ;+;b\jfbL ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts :jfy{sf] e¥ofªsf] ¿kdf dhb'/ ju{nfO{ vfnL k|of]u u/] dfq . dhb'/x¿sf] sfFwdf a'O{ r9L l;+xb/af/sf] ofqfdf tNnLg bnsf g]tfx¿sf] cfkm\gf] lgxLt :jfy{n] ubf{ g} dhb'/ ;+u7gn] ult |fKt ug{ g;s]sf] xf] . k6s–k6s >d P]g sfg'g dhb'/sf] kIfdf agfpg xfd|f] ;+u7gn] bafa l;h{gf ub}{ cfO/x]klg ;/sf/df /x]sf] 6«]8 o'lgogn] cj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . /fHon] dhb'/x¿sf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]if v8f u/L k|lt dhb'/ !Ü s/ sf6L hDdf u/]sf] c/af}+ k};f TolQs} /x]sf] 5 . ;f] /sdsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u eO/x]sf] 5}g . To; /sdsf] vf]hL ug{ / dhb'/ lxtdf k|of]u ug{ ;zQm bafa lbg h?/L 5 . ;+zf]wgjfbL lsQfdf v8f ePsf dhb'/ ;+u7gn] oxL bnfn Joj:yfleq d'lQm ;Dej 5 egL e|d 5l//x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] rf}tkmL{ e08fkmf]/ ug'{k5{ . u0ftGq cfPsf] b]zdf dhb'/ zf]if0fsf] e2f ¿kdf Hofnfbf/L, 7]s]bf/L, s/f/ k|yf sfod} 5 . o;sf] cGTosf] nflu dhb'/ cfGbf]ngn] lg0ff{os e"ldsf cfkm"nfO{ cuf8L a9fpg h?/L b]lvG5 . o;sf] nflu dhb'/ ju{n] ug]{ lg0ff{os ¿k lng ;+u7g, ;+3if{ / clwsf/sf] nflu a9L uDeL/ eO{ ;+u7gsf] ef}lts tfståf/f ;a} v/faLnfO{ lrg'{kb{5 . :jefljs ¿kdf s'g} lglZrt ljGb';Dd ljsl;t ePsf] dhb'/ ju{sf] Pp6f k"0f{ ;+u7gsf] ck]Iff /fVb5 . h'g 7fpFdf >dhLjL dhb'/ ju{n] zf;s ju{sf] ;fd"lxs zlQm cyf{t\ unt /0fgLlt ;Qfsf lj?4 lg0ff{os cleofg rnfpg ;Sg]u/L cfkm\gf] ;+u7g cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] x'Fb}g, pQm ;Qflj?4 lg/Gt/ cfGbf]ng ug{ To;sf] nflu >lds dhb'/x¿nfO{ x/ xfntdf k|lzlIft kfg'{kb{5 . oxfF u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yf / cGt/f{li6«o u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf u7g x'g]

6«]8 o'lgognfO{ dhb'/ ;+u7g eGg ldNb}g lsgeg] dhb'/sf] hNbfaNbf ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg ug]{ dxfg\ p2]Zosf] ;fy cufl8 a9\g] qmflGtsf/L ;+u7gsf] cfjZos /x]sf] 5 . dfcf]n] eGg'eP´}F qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtlagf qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ng x'g ;Sb}g . clxn]sf] dhb''/ cfGbf]ng / dhb'/ ju{sf] juL{o w/ftn r]tgfsf] :t/nfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] P]ltxfl;s ;j{xf/f dhb'/sf] 7fpFdf cfw'lgs >dhLjL dhb'/n] 7fpF lnPsf] 5 . lxhf]sf] o'udf k/Dk/fjfbL d]l;g cf}hf/sf] ;xof]udf >ldsx¿n] sfd ug'{kg]{ cj:yf lyof] eg] clxn] cTofw'lgs d]l;g cf}hf/ ljleGg pks/0fsf] ;xfotfn] ljZj ahf/df dhb'/x¿n] sfd ub}{5g\ . ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu} >dzlQm klg ljeflht x'g k'u]sf] 5 . zf/Ll/s >d, dfgl;s >d / af}l4s >ddf dflg; ¿kfGtl/s eO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] abln+bf] kl/j]zdf dhb'/ ;+u7gnfO{ k'/fgf] 9/f{af6 dfq ljZn]if0f ug]{ xf]Og, lg/Gt/tfnfO{ qmde+u u/L gofF lz/faf6 dhb'/ ;+u7gnfO{ p7fpg'kb{5 . dhb'/ ;+u7gx¿ ¿kdf x]bf{ pgsf ultljlw ;'wfjfb h:tf] b]lvP klg ;f/ kIf eg] cs}{ x'G5 . dhb'/ ;+u7gsf] ljz]iftf >d P]g sfg'g;Fu hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . a'h'{jf Joj:yfn] clVtof/L u/]sf] sfg'gL cfwf/df dhb'/ ;+u7g cufl8 a9fpg] b]lvPtf klg o;nfO{ qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngdf ¿kfGt/0f ug]{ dhb'/ g]tfx¿sf] s'zntfdf lge{/ /xG5 . g]kfnsf] pBf]u snsf/vfgfx¿ ;x/s]lGb|t /x]sf] x'Fbf dhb'/ ;+u7gn] ;x/L ;+3if{nfO{ a9L Wofg lbg'kb{5 . Wofg lbg] hf]8 ug]{ ;jfndf b]z}el/ 5l/P/ /x]sf dhb'/x¿nfO{ Pp6} fnfdf ufF:gsf] lglDt k]zfut dfu, k]zfleqsf cGt/lj/f]w;DdnfO{ Vofn /fvL dhb'/x¿sf] jf:tljstfnfO{ a'´\g'kb{5 . clxn]sf] @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf k'FhLjfbsf] a9\bf] k|efjsf] sf/0f pkef]QmfjfbL ;f]r lrGtg dhb'/ ;+u7gdf df}nfpg ;S5 . o:tf ;f]rnfO{ ;dod} lgd"{n kfg'{k5{ . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df k"0f{ cf}Bf]lus ¿kdf b]z ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f /fhgLlts cl:y/tf k'/fgf] k|0ffnL g} xf] . jt{dfg cj:yfdf dhb'/x¿sf] lj/f]wL sf] x'g\, ;r]t dhb'/x¿n] kQf nfpg cfjZos 5 . s'g /fhgLlts kf6L{n] ;fFRr}sf] dhb'/ lxtdf sfd u/]sf] 5 . s;n] rflxF u/]sf] 5}g . of] ljifodf uDeL/ x'gkg]{ cj:yf 5 . Oltxf; PSnf] jL/af6 lgdf{0f x'g ;Sb}g . ;fd"lxs k|oTgaf6 ;a} ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 . xfd|f] dxfg\ u'? cfb/0fLo dfS;{n] ljZn]if0f ubf{sf] dhb'/ ju{sf] cj:yf s:tf] lyof] eg] cf}Bf]lus ;j{xf/fsf] ljsf; ev{/} x'Fb} lyof] . Tof] qmflGtsf/L ;j{xf/f lyof] . dfS;{sf] kfnfdf dhb'/x¿ sd} lau|]sf x'Gy] eg] eg] dhb'/ g]tfx¿ yf]/} lau|]sf lyP t/ clxn] dhb'/x¿ klg ;+u7gsf] ;jfndf clwsf/sf] ljifodf ;r]t x'Fbfx'Fb} klg pbf;Lg aGg k'u]sf 5g\ .

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;+;f/sf] k|d'v cf}Bf]lus pTkfbs /fi6« aGg] bf}8df ef/tn] lgs} k|lt:kwf{ ub}{5 . hg;+Vofdf rLgsf] k|ltåGåL / s"n ! ca{ @) s/f]8dWo] cfwL hg;+Vof @^ jif{d'lgsf /x]sf] x'Fbf ef/tdf >d ;:tf] 5 .

cu:6 !% :jtGqtf lbj;sf] efif0fdf k|wfgdGqL g/]Gb| df]bLn] ljZjsf k|d'v Jofkf/Lx¿nfO{ ef/tdf k;n vf]Ng cfu|x u/] . df]bLn] eg]– æ;+;f/sf] h'g;'s} s'gfdf ;fdfg a]Rg" t/ ef/tdf pTkfbg ug"{ .Æ k|wfgdGqL df]bL ef/tnfO{ ;+;f/sf] csf]{ sf/vfgf agfpg lgs} cft'/ b]lvg'x'G5 . rLgsf] ljsf;nfO{ glhsaf6 lgofNg'ePsf df]bLn] pTkfbg If]qnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' :jefljs g} xf] . olb ef/t cfk\mgf] dxTjfsf+IffnfO{ k"/f ug{ rfxG5 eg] pgn] rLgsf] lj1tf vf]Hg] k|of; ug'{k5{ / lgdf{0fsf] s]Gb| agfpg ;xof]usf] af6f] klxNofpg'k5{ .

kl/jt{gsf] lålj3f ef/tdf rLgsf] s'cfË tf]Ë -Guang Dong_

sf] ¿kdf lrlgg] u'h/ftsf] ;kmntfnfO{ ef/tLo hgtf v'a} k|z+;f u5{g\ . u'h/ft ToxL 7fpF xf] hxfFaf6 df]bLn] gfd sdfP . ;d'b|;Fu hf]l8Psf] u'h/ftdf ;Dk"0f{ ef/tsf] % k|ltzt hgtfsf] a;f]af; 5 eg] s"n cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] !^ k|ltzt / lgof{tdf @) k|ltztsf] of]ubfg oxL /fHoaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . df]bLnfO{ ef/L ax'dtn] lhtfpg] ef/tLo hgtf gofF k|wfgdGqLn] cfk\mgf] k|zf;sLo cg'ejnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ /fi6«sf] enfO{sf] nflu nfu" ug]{af/] cfzfjfbL 5g\ .

lgdf{0fdf ef/tnfO{ kmfObf x'g] x'Fbf ef/tLo k|];n] ljZjJofkL ePsf] y]uf] …rLgdf ag]sf]Ú nfO{ …ef/tdf ag]sf]Ú df kl/jt{g ug{ cfx\jfg u/]sf] 5 . lrlgofF ;dsfnLg cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw cWoog ;+:yfdf ef/tLo cWoog -Indian

Studies_ af/] cg';Gwfg/t jfª xfO;L eG5g\, lgdf{0fsf] k|d'v zlQm aGg] ef/tsf] bf}8 :jfefljs 5 t/ r'gf}tL eg] plQs} 5g\ . jf:tjdf ef/tdf ;lqmo pd]/sf] hg;+Vof 7"nf] 5 t/ xfn}sf jif{x¿df o;sf] cfly{s j[l4 lgs} ;':t 5 / a]/f]huf/L b/ klg pRr 5 . æo:tf] hl6n If0fdf df]bLsf] nflu /f]huf/ j[l4 ug{ pTkfbg j[l4nfO{ k|j4{g ug'{ dgfl;j g} 5Æ jfª eG5g\ . o;sf] cltl/Qm alnof] pTkfbg If]qn] lgof{tnfO{ j[l4 u/L Jofkf/ 3f6fnfO{ k'gM ;Gt'ngdf Nofpg d2t u5{ . cª\u|]hL af]lng] b]z ePsf] x'Fbf ljz]if u/L klZrd]nL nufgLstf{sf] nflu ef/t pko'Qm 7fpF xf], To;}n] pTkfbgsf] nflu ljZjsf] s]Gb| aGg] ;DefJotf 7"nf] 5 .

oL pko'Qm jftfj/0f x'Fbf x'Fb} klg ko{j]Ifsx¿ ef/tdf nufgLsf] jftfj/0f c´} sd ePsf] dfG5g\ . lrlgofF jfl0fHo dGqfno;Fu

;DalGwt rLg cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ tyf cfly{s ;f´]bf/L Ps]8]dLdf sfo{/t cg';Gwfgstf{ d]O l;go' eG5g\– æef/t e|i6frf/ / sdhf]/ k|zf;lgs bIftf ePsf] d'n'ssf] ¿kdf lrlgG5 / e"ld clwu|x0f / k'gjf{; of]hgf hlxn] klg ;d:ofsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 .Æ

;g\ @))% df blIf0f sf]l/ofnL l:6n Dofug]6 kf]xfË kmnfd tyf l:6n sDkgLn] pl8;f /fHodf jflif{s ! s/f]8 @) nfv 6g l:6n pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u vf]Ng ef/t ;/sf/;Fu ;D´f}tf u/]sf] lyof] . sf]l/ofsf] ! ca{ @) s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ nufgL x'g]jfnf lyof] h'g ef/tdf clxn];Ddsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] k|ToIf j}b]lzs nufgL xf] . olb ;f] pBf]u :yfkgf ePsf] eP ;+;f/sf] t];|f] ;aeGbf 7"nf] l:6n pBf]u x'g] lyof] . ;D´f}tf ePsf] * jif{kl5 klg pBf]usf] nflu e"ld clwu|x0fsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg x'g g;Sbf sf]l/ofnL sDkgLn] ;g\ @)!# df nufgLsf] of]hgfaf6 xft l´Sof] . d]O eG5g\– æo:tf] ljjfb ef/tdf ;fdfGo xf] .Æ o:tf] /fhgLlts hf]lvd c¿ d'n'sdf eGbf ef/tdf a9L b]lvG5 . ef/tdf cf}Bf]lus nufgLdf cfpg] r'gf}tLnfO{ sd cfFSg' unt x'g]5 .

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nfg eG5g\– …rLgsf] k|ljlw / k'FhL;lxtsf] pTkfbg nfe ef/tsf] cfk\mg} ljsf;sf] af6f]df pko'Qm x'g ;S5 .Ú cg';Gwfgstf{ jfª xfO;L k]OlrË l/Do'nfO{ eG5g\– …rLg ef/tnfO{ k|r'/ ;+efJotf ePsf] ahf/ / nufgLsf] nflu pQd uGtJosf] ¿kdf lnG5 . cf}Bf]lusLs/0fsf] gofF r/0fdf k|j]z ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf c¿ d'n'sdf nufgL cj;/sf] vf]hLdf rLg nfluk/]sf] 5 .Ú

…Jofks k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf ef/t;Fu k'FhL / cg'ejsf] sdL 5 . To;}n] ef/tnfO{ cfk\mgf] nIo xfl;n ug{ rLg;Fusf] ;xsfo{ ;xof]uL x'g]5Ú– nfg k]OlrË l/Eo'nfO{ eG5g\ . s]xL jif{b]lv rLg / ef/taLrsf] ;DaGwdf k|ult ePsf] 5 . !@ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf klxnf]k6s

b'O{ b]zsf /fi6« k|d'vaLr e|d0fsf] cfbfg–k|bfg eof] . lrlgofF k|wfgdGqL ln v5\ofª sfo{ef/ ;Dxfn]b]lv klxnf] ljb]z e|d0f ef/taf6 ;'? u/]sf lyP . ;g\ @)!$ sf] la|S; lzv/ ;Dd]ngdf lrlgofF /fi6«klt l; lhªlkªn] ;g\ @)!$ df k]OlrËdf x'g] Pk]s ;Dd]ngdf ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL df]bLnfO{ cfdGq0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ef/tLo k|wfgdGqLnfO{ Pk]sdf cfdGq0f ul/Psf] of] klxnf]k6s xf] . o;}aLr /fi6«klt l; lhªlkªn] dWo–;]K6]Da/df gofF lbNnL e|d0f ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

gofF kxnrLgn] k|:tfj u/]sf] …Ps If]q Ps dfu{Ú

/0fgLltsf] /rgfsf] ¿kdf lrlgg] /]zddfu{ cfly{s If]q / @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] ;fd'lb|s /]zddfu{n] rLg / ef/taLr cfly{s ;DaGw a9fpgsf] nflu d~rsf] l;h{gf ug]{5 . ef/tLo klqsf …lb lxGb'Ú ;Fusf] cGtjf{tf{df lrlgofF ljb]z dGqfnosf cGt/f{li6«o cfly{s dfdnfsf kfif{b\ sfcf] rglyË -Gao Zhenting_ n] eg], ærLg / ef/t b'j} o; /0fgLltaf6 nfeflGjt x'g ;S5g\ / ef/tn] o;sf] cu'jfOdf k|d'v e"ldsf v]n"g\ eGg] rLg rfxG5 . xfdL rfxG5f}F, ljz]if cfly{s If]q tyf cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] :yfkgfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbFb} ;fd'lb|s /]zddfu{;Fu} ;a} aGb/ufxn] ;fd'lb|s ;xof]udf ;xeflutf hgfpmg\,Æ cGtjf{tf{df sfjn] eg] .

h'g dlxgfdf ef/tsf] nflu lrlgofF /fhb"t j]O j]On] ;lGw cj/f]wljxLg Pl;ofnL cfly{s ;d'bfo agfpg rLg, ef/t / c¿ If]qLo d'n'ssf] cfly{s ;d[l4 / cGt/;DaGwnfO{ k|j4{g ub}{ …lxdfnog cfly{s j[l4 If]qÚ k|:tfj /fv]sf lyP . ef/tsf] cf}Bf]lusj[Qn] klg rLg;Fusf] cfly{s ;xof]unfO{ alnof] agfpg pT;fx b]vfof] . of] jif{sf] clk|ndf ePsf] Pl;of af]cfcf] ;Dd]ngdf 6f6f u|'ksf cWoIf /tg 6f6fn] eg], …ef/tn] rLg;Fu cfly{s ;DaGw :yfkgf ug{ ;S5 / b'O{ d'n'saLr 7"nf] Jofkfl/s ;DefJotf /x]sf] x'Fbf xft]dfnf]af6 w]/} p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 .Ú k/:k/ ljZjf;nfO{ c´ alnof] agfpg a9\bf] cfly{s ;xof]u csf]{ af6f] x'g ;Sg]df nfg ljZjf; u5{g\ t/ b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ;Ldf ljjfbn] ubf{ plNnlvt ljifox¿ sfof{Gjog x'g Tolt ;lhnf] eg] 5}g . ev{/} b'j} kIf Ps–csf{sf] ahf/df k|j]z ug{ k|lt:kwf{Tds pBf]unfO{ k|j4{g ub}{5g\ t/ clxn];Dd k|lqmof eg] ;lhn} uO/x]sf] 5}g– pbfx/0fsf nflu tyfslyt ;'/Iff lrGtf / ef/taf6 lrlgofF j:t'nfO{ ahf/ l5g{ /f]sfj6sf ljifo . oL ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ gLlt lgdf{0f tx;Dd b'O{ ;/sf/aLr 3gLe"t ;+jfbsf cfjZostf 5 .

ljZj sf/vfgf aGg] bf}8

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km]jf ODkf]l/od e=d=g=kf=–!, k'nrf]s, lrtjg

oxfF sk8fsf ljleGg yl/sf l8hfOgsf sk8fx? z'ne d'Nodf kfOG5 .

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l5d]sL b]zx¿df ef/t / a+unfb]zsf cf0fljs e§Lsf sf/0f g]kfn cf0fljs ljls/0fsf] hf]lvdsf] ;+3f/df ws]lnPsf] 5 . wf/tn] p;sf] pQ/–k|b]zcGtu{t a'nGb ;x/df cf0fljs e§L :yfkgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ;f] :yfg dx]Gb|gu/af6 hDdf !%) lsld b'/Ldf kb{5 . To;}u/L sfs8le§faf6 @%) lsld b'/Ldf a+unfb]zn] kbdf gbL lsgf/df cf0fljs e§L :yfkgf ub}{5 . ;g\ !(*( df ;f]leot ;+3sf] r]gf]{ljn cf0fljs e§L ljikmf]6 x'Fbf g]kfn;Dd ljls/0f cfPsf] egL Pl;ofsf] kfp8/ b"w;lxt vfBkbfy{ cfoft /f]Sg cfjfh p7]sf] lyof] . o;cl3 g]kfnaf6 (%) lsld 6f9f kfls:tfgn] cf0fljs s]Gb| lgdf{0f ubf{ g]kfnnfO{ vt/f /x]sf] ;/sf/L l6Kk0fL lyof] . xfd|f] gfs};fd' :yfkgf x'g] cf0fljs e§Lsf] kmfObf l5d]sLn] lng] / ;Defljt Iflt g]kfnn] ef]Ug'kg]{ cj:yfdf klg ;/sf/ nf5L ag]/ df}g al;/x]sf] 5 . a+unfb]zsf] cf0fljs s]Gb| ljikmf]6 ePdf dg;'g;d]t ljls/0fo'Qm eO{ eofjx l:ylt k}bf x'g]5 .

g]kfndf cf0fljs ljls/0fsf] vt/f ;/sf/ df}g

…Jofks k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf ef/t;Fu k'FhL / cg'ejsf] sdL 5 . To;}n] ef/tnfO{ cfk\mgf] nIo xfl;n ug{ rLg;Fusf] ;xsfo{ ;xof]uL x'g]5Ú– nfg k]OlrË l/Eo'nfO{ eG5g\ . s]xL jif{b]lv rLg / ef/taLrsf] ;DaGwdf k|ult ePsf] 5 . !@ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf klxnf]k6s b'O{ b]zsf /fi6« k|d'vaLr e|d0fsf] cfbfg–k|bfg eof] .

blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] /fhwfgL ;f]ndf ;f]daf/ cd]l/sfn] h8fg u/]sf] PG6L ld;fOn k|0ffnL yf8 -Terminal High Altitude Area Defense

System_ sf lj?4 7"nf] k|bz{g ePsf] 5 . blIf0f sf]l/ofsf /fi6«klt d'ghfo Og

cd]l/sfsf] e|d0f ug]{ ePkl5 yf8 aGb ug{] ;Gb]z cd]l/sfnfO{

cd]l/sflj?4 sf]l/ofdf k|bz{g

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js{;{ klAns];G;åf/f k|sflzt u'Kt b:tfj]hx¿ (Secret Documents) s[lt k|sflzt ePsf] b'O{ jif{ x'g} nfu]sf] 5 t/ klg w]/} g]kfnL kf7ssf ;fd' c´} k'u]sf] 5}g . t/ x/]s sDo'lg:6 / cfnf]rgfTds r]t ePsf k|j'4 gful/sn] k9\gkg]{ s[lt xf] of] . h;n] ;f]leot ;+3 / tTsfnLg :6flng o'usf y'k|} /x:ox¿ /x:of]b\3f6g u/]sf] 5 . ljb]zLsf ?;L bnfn / ;fd|fHojfbn] :6flng / ;dfhjfbL ;Qfsf lj?4 u/]sf] if8\oGq clj:j;gLo t/ k|dfl0fs ;fdu|L;lxt k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . k':tssf] ;'?d} elgPsf] 5 æa]nfotsf /fhf l/rf8{ t[tLon] lgwgkZrft l/rf8{sf b/af/Lof pQ/flwsf/Lx¿sf] cfb]zdf vngfosx¿sf] k"/f 8km\kmfn] pgnfO{ …gsf/fTds kfqÚ sf ¿kdf JofVof u/L ´'7f] Oltxf; :yflkt u/] . To; 36gf;DaGwL z]S;lko/sf] gf6s k|f;+lus 5 t/ Tof] k"/} P]ltxfl;s klg xf] . ;g\ !(&) df ljlnod aL AnfG8n] klxnf]k6s hf];]km :6flngsf] ;Gbe{df klg o:t} unt k|rf/ ePsf] cf}+NofP . AnfG8sf cg';f/ ;dfhjfbsf] ab\gfd ug{ ;f]leot ;+3sf ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿n] :6flngsf] rf/}lt/ …JolQm k"hfÚ sf] xf] xNnf km}nfPsf lyP .

cfh :6flngsfnsf uf]Ko b:tfj]hx¿ ;fj{jhlgs ePsf 5g\ . if8\oGqsf/Lx¿n] ljb]zLsf] pS;fx6df :6flngsf] xTof ug{ rfxGy] t/ To;f] ug{ ;kmn gePkl5 :6flngsf pQ/flwsf/ s= ls/f]esf] xTof u/]sf lyP . Tof] s'/fsf] e]b v'Ng uof] . if8\oGqsf/L / xTof/fx¿n] ljb]zL /fhb"t / ljb]zL s"6gLlt1x¿sf aLrdf ck/fw :jLsf/ u/]sf lyP . To;kl5 sfg'gL¿kd} xTof/fx¿nfO{ kmf;Lsf] ;hfo lbOPsf] lyof] . h'g sfg'g;Ddt lyof] . JolQmut ¿kdf :6flngsf] xft

u'Kt b:tfj]hx¿ M k9\g}kg]]{ s[lt

…An' PGhnÚ pkGof;nufotsf @) s[ltsL cd]l/sL n]vs k|mflG;g k|f]h Go'of]s{ 6fOd;sf a]:6;]n/ n]vs dWo] Ps x'g\ . pgL k':ts ;Dkfbg ul5{g\ . …k]g cd]l/sg ;]G6/Ú sL k"j{ cWoIf k|mflG;gn] ;dLIff k/Dk/fdfly n]v]sf] of] l6Kk0fL g]kfnL ;dLIfs n]vs / kf7ssf nflu pkof]uL x'g ;S5 .

d s'g} a]nf gsf/fTds ;dLIff dfq n]Vy]F . tkfO{+ 7fGg'xf]nf, d To;a]nf s]6fs]6L g} lyPF . To:tf] t x'Fb} xf]Og .

gsf/fTds ;dLIff n]vgn] bfgj, c;'/sf] xfF;f]´}F pTs6 cfgGb lbg] ub{Yof] . d]/f ;Dkfbs ldq klg To:tf ;dLIff v"a ?rfpFy] . clg gofF k':ts cfof] ls ;dLIffsf nflu dsxfF s'bfOxfNy] . To:tf k':ts jf:tjdf vf;} ultnf x'Fb}gy] . k9\bf pN6} lbdfu 6lGsGYof] . s;}dfly lgb{oL x'gnfO{ s] 5 / Û Jo+UofTds n]vgdfkm{t\ p8fP k'luxfNof] . d To;} uy]{F .

;dLIff 5flkPsf] lbg ;fyLx¿ elglbGy] …cf]xf] Û ltdLn] Tof] kmnfgf] ;]lna]|6Lsf] ;+:d/0f s[ltnfO{ s:tf] bx|f] 7f]lslbPsf] ÛÚ

ha d s'g} s[ltaf/] k|z+zf u/]/ ;dLIff n]lvlbGy]+ . pgLx¿ r'FOSs af]Nb}gy] . s:tf] afgL Û ufnL u/]/ ;dLIff n]Vof] eg] dfq ;dLIff ug]{ Û

clg d /f]lsPF . h'g k':ts dg kb}{g, v'?Ss ;DkfbsnfO{

g} kmsf{Olbg yfn]F . ;f]r]+ hLjg 5f]6f] 5 . of] 5f]6f] hLjgleq d}n] dflg;nfO{ To:tf] k':ts dfq k9\g ;'´fpg'k5{, hf] dgkbf]{ xf]cf];\ . clg csf]{s'/f, ´'/ k':ts n]Vg' s'g} ck/fw t xf]Og lg, h;sf] n]vs ;fj{hlgs a]Ohltsf] eflubf/ xf]cf];\ . hf] xfd|f k'/ftg k'vf{x¿sf] aLrdf /fv]/ ´fFqmL dG5fP´}F dG5fOof];\ . s;}n] cfkm"nfO{ dg gkbf]{ n]Vof] eGb}df To;nfO{ lsg ;asf ;fd' g+Uofpg] <

t/ gfgLb]lv nfu]sf] afgL s] hfGYof] / <

kf]xf]/ ;fn km]l/ klg d}n] gsf/fTds ;dLIff n]lvxfn]5' . o;/L n]v]5', h:tf] ls #) jif{cl3 r'/f]6 5f8]sf] dfG5]n] cs:dft a'ªa'ª w'jfF p8fpg yfN5 . k':ts ´sf]{nfUbf] lyof] eGb}df d}n] lsg To;/L n]v]F x'Fnf Û

clg ;f]Rg yfn]F, olb s'g} s'/fn] dnfO{ lbSs nufof] eGb}df To;af/] k|ltlqmof lbOxfNg'x'Gg . hLjg t km]l/ klg 5f]6f] 5 . 5f]6f] hLjgnfO{ lsg o:tf sfddf vr{ ug]{ <

clg k|z+zf dfq} u/]/ ;dLIff n]Vg]sf] klg b'Mvb sxfgL 5 . kfg}lkR5] jfSof+z bf]xf]l/Psf x'G5g\ . k':tsel/ y]uf]sf yfs nfu]sf x'G5g\ . …p;sf cfFvf cf}+;Lsf] /ft´}F sfnf lyPÚ h:tf

jfSo bf]xf]¥ofO{ bf]xf]¥ofO{ n]lvPsf] e]l6G5 . olt klg uflDeo{ gx'g' eg]sf] kf7snfO{ x]k]h:t} ePg / <

t/ xfd|f y'k|} n]vs c´} klg o:t} jfSo n]]v]/ al;/x]5g\ . clg ;dLIfs klg p:t} 5g\ . hf] …p;sf cfFvf cf}+;Lsf] /ft´}F sfnf lyPÚ eGg] jfSo g} ;dLIffdf pb[t ul/lbG5g\ clg yK5g\ …cf]xf] Û of] n]vsn] kfg}lkR5] s:tf] snfTds sflJos efiff n]v]sf] ÛÚ

o;/L t's g tfnsf s'/f n]v]/ km'Sof{Olbg' xf] cy{ s] x'G5 < of] t ;f]x|} cfgf ´"6 ePg / < o:t} ;dLIfssf sf/0f clxn] k|sfzg pBf]u ;d:ofdf 5 .

elg/xg' k/f]Og, ;dLIff eg]sf] :jo+ ;dLIfssf] klg b[li6sf]0f atfpg] ljifo xf] . of] n]vs / s[ltsf] dfq} s'/f xf]Og . s;}n] cf}+;Lsf] /ft´}F sfnf cfFvf jfSonfO{ u]ofTds ld7f; ePsf] jfSo egL k|z+;f u¥of] eg] To;n] kSs} klg k':tssf k|To]s jfSonfO{ /dfO{–/dfO{ k9]sf] x'g'k5{ . To:tf klg ;dLIfs x'G5g\ .

cfnf]rgfsf] dfq} s'/f xf]Og . s;}n] …of] k':tsn] dnfO Psbd} 5f]of]Ú egL Psf]xf]/f] k|z+;f dfq} ul//Xof] eg] klg of] b'ef{Uo xf] . d o:tf] a]nf pgLx¿sf] k|ltjfb ug]{ u5'{ . sNkgf u/f}+– s'g} k':tsnfO{ a|]skmf:6sf] vf; cfO6d;Fu t'ngf u/f}+ . s'g} lglZrt vfgfnfO{ s;}n] elglbof] ls, of] cfh;Dds} ;a}eGbf dL7f] vfgf xf] . …Psbd /fd|/L /+ufPsf], dg} x// x'g]u/L ksfPsf]Ú s;}n] o:tf] lhls/ u5{ eg] d c;xdlt hgfpF5' . a? Tof] s'g} rlr{t a|fG8 eP klg laqmLefp 36\5 eg] 36f];\ .

km'Sof{P/ jf ufnL u/]/ ;dLIff n]Vg' eg]sf] d]/f nflu xfG; lqml:rog PG8/;gsf] …afbzfxsf] gofF n'ufÚ h:tf] xf] . pQm syf s;/L 6'+luG5 eGg] xfdLdWo] sltkonfO{ yfx} 5 . /fd|f] b]lvg] axfgfdf afbzfx gf+luPsf a]nf;d]t nf]sn] s'/f sf6\g ;Sb}g . of] clxn];Dds} uha n'uf xf] egL /}tLx¿ rfs8L ahfpF5g\ t/ ToxL a]nf Pp6f aRrf] lrRofpF5, …afbzfx t gf+u} 5g\ .Ú

j:t'lgi7 d"Nof+sg gu/L s]j/ ;sf/fTds jf gsf/fTds dfq} x'g' / afbzfxsf] n'ufnfO{ k|z+;f ug'{sf aLrdf cgf}7f] ;dfgtf 5 . k|Zg Odfgbf/Lsf] xf] . afbzfxnfO{ Psf]xf]/f] km'Sof{pg' h;/L a]OdfgL xf], s[ltsf] Psf]xf]/f] cfnf]rgf u/]/ cfkm"nfO{ dfq} hfGg];'Gg] b]vfpg' klg a]OdfgL g} xf] . /, ;dLIfsn] a]OdfgL u/] klg …aRrfx¿n] l9nf]l56f] ;To t atfOxfN5g\ .

cg'jfb M j;Gt

;dLIfsnfO{em'/ k':ts n]Vg' s'g} ck/fw t xf]Og lg, h;sf] n]vs ;fj{hlgs a]Ohltsf] eflubf/ xf]cf];\ . hf] xfd|f k'/ftg k'vf{x¿sf] aLrdf /fv]/ emfFqmL dG5fPem}+ dG5fOof];\ . s;}n] cfkm"nfO{ dg gkbf]{ n]Vof] eGb}df To;nfO{ lsg ;asf ;fd' g+Uofpg] <

hGdFb} k|Zg af]s]sf] d k|Zg af]s]/ afFlr/x]Fk|Zg af]s]/3/3/, ;dfh clg b]z;Fuy'k|} cfFwL rln;s]clg, e'FOrfnf]x¿nuQ}, o'ux¿ lalt;s]]o'u elTs;s] klghGdFb} k|Zg af]s]sf] dhafkmljxLg dlsgeg]b]z afFr]sf] 5 ls t <k|Zg af]s]/ ls t b]z af]s]/k|Zgxf] ToxL k|ZghGdFb} k|Zg af]s]sf] d x]/f}F,cfFwL rNg ;S5g\/, e'FOrfnf] klgo'ux¿, eTsg, k'gh{Gd x'g\ .

hafkmljxLg eP/ s] ef] <hGdFb} k|Zg af]s]sf] dcfFwLx¿ rNg ;S5g\/ e'FOrfnf]k|Zg af]s]/ afFlr/xF] dls t afFRg] 5 d]/f] b]zls t b]z af]s]/ k|Zg o'ux¿, aGnfg\ of eTs]nfg\ h?/cfFwL rNg ;S5g\ .

clg e'FOrfnf]hGdFb} k|Zg af]s]sf] dk|Zg af]s]/ hGd]sf] dhf/L 5 k|Zgsf] el/of hLjg hf/L t k|Zg;lxt hLjg

cfh :6flngsfnsf uf]Ko b:tfj]hx¿ ;fj{jhlgs ePsf 5g\ . if8\oGqsf/Lx¿n] ljb]zLsf] pS;fx6df :6flngsf] xTof ug{ rfxGy] t/ To;f] ug{ ;kmn gePkl5 :6flngsf pQ/flwsf/ s= ls/f]esf] xTof u/]sf lyP . Tof] s'/fsf] e]b v'Ng uof] .

lyPg . h;df !% cf]6f s[ltx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . bf];|f] ljZjo'4df :6flngsf] g]t[Tjdf lx6n/nfO{ k/flht ul/of] . :6flng t d:sf] 5f]8]/ efUg rfxGYof] eg]/ k|rf/ u/] . oyfy{df s] xf] eg] lx6n/sf lj?4sf] n8fOFdf :6flngsf k'q lu/km\tf/ eP :6flngnfO{ lx6n/sf ;}Go clwsf/L;Fu 5f]/f] ;f6\g] k|:tfj ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ :6flng To;f] ug{ d~h'/ ePgg\ . :6flngdf cåLtLo ;dk{0fefj / g}lts an lyof] . …ls/f]e xTofsf08af/] dnfO{ k"j{ hfgsf/L lyof]Ú of] n]vdf xTof/fx¿n] :6flng;Dd if8\oGqsf] ;"rgf k'Ugaf6 s;/L /f]s] eGg] oyfy{ ljj/0f v'nfOPsf] 5 . v'|Zrf]e d08nL s;/L gfhL u'Ktr/ ljefusf] xftaf6 gfr]sf] lyof] < o;df :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 . o:tf y'k|} k|;Ëx¿ s[ltdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . k|fSygdf s[ltsf] cf}lrTosf ljifodf elgPsf] 5 æ;f]leot ;+3df ;dfhjfb s;/L Wj:t eof] eGg] s'/f a'´\g' h?/L 5 . sf] lhDd]jf/ lyof] < ;g\ !(%# df ;f]leot ;+3df ;j{xf/f / ls;fgx¿n] c:yfoL xf/ lsg a]xf]g'{k¥of] < oL ;a} k|Zgsf] hjfkm vf]Hg]qmddf xfdL ljut dfq xf]Og a?, uf}/jk"0f{ eljioaf/] klg xfd|f b[li6sf]0f agfpg ;S5f}+ . o;af6 k|mflG;; km's'dfofn] eg]h:t} …Oltxf;Ú -oxfF km's'ofdfn] ;fDojfbtkm{ ;+s]t u/]sf 5g\_ dl/g;s]sf] k'li6 x'g]5 . To;}sf nflu of] k':ts k|sflzt ePsf] xf] .

;f]leot ;+3sf w]/} ldq / sd/]8x¿sf] ;xof]udf of] s[[lt k|sflzt ePsf] xf] . oL n]v / /rgfx¿ lst s'g} b'n{e hg{n -h:t} ;}lgs ;ª\u|xfno_ k9] cyjf pgLx¿n] lognfO{ d"n ;+u|xdf e]§fP To;kl5 w|'jtf/fsf ;+:yfks ;Dkfbs dfOsn n'sf;n] -Pp6f n]v dfS;{ l/lg;sf] ;xfotfdf_ si6k"0f{ cg'jfb ug'{eof] . of] s[lt g]kfnL efiffdf k|sflzt u/]/ kf7snfO{ k|sfzsn] 7"nf] u'0f nufPsf 5g\ .

sf7df8f}+÷c;f/ !@, ;+;bLo bnx¿ :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf x]lnPsf] / yafªsf] dfWolds ljBfnodf ePsf] a'ydf rxnkxn ul//x]sf] a]nf To;sf] ! ;o ld6/ k"j{ ufpFsf] aLrdf g]skfn] yafª ufpFkflnsf:t/sf] hge]nf u/]/ hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . g]skfsf :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o tyf hg;/sf/ k|d'v ;Gtf]if a'9f du/sf] k|d'v cfltYodf ePsf] e]nfn] yafªs} rlr{t chDa/L hgsDo'gsf k|d'v lstfa 3tL{ k|d'v, lhtaxfb'/ /f]sf–pkk|d'v, k|jQmf – lxtk|;fb /f]sf …ljKnjÚ / ;b:ox¿ bnaxfb'/ 3tL{, /fhaxfb'/ k'g, blnt k|ltlglw l;h{gf ldhf/, k'/g kl/of/, dlxnf k|ltlglw ljdnf ´fFqmL / $ hgf ;b:o l/Qm /x]sf] !& ;b:oLo yafª hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . e]nfn] hg;/sf/sf] gLlt / sfo{qmd ufpF clwj]zgåf/f l5§} 3f]if0ff ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . !) a'Fb] 3f]if0ffkq hf/L ub}{ ;dfkg ul/Psf] pSt sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf lstfa 3tL{, ;~rfng lhtaxfb'/ /f]sfn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

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;8]sf cf}ifwL === r'gfjsf] xf]Og ===

r'gfj vf/]hL ===

c/fhs oftfoft===

r'gfjsf] lj?4df ===

lxtdf 5 eg] o;n] Pslbg cfˆgf] uGtJodf ;a}nfO{ lnP/} 5f8\g]5 .

lhTg] eP/ r'gfjdf uPsf] eGg] t … sf] Gofgf] h:tf] dfq xf] lj/f]w ug]{x¿sf] . lhTg] / xfg]{;Fu r'gfjsf] s'/} 5f]8f}+, /fhgLltsf] s'g} t's x'Fb}g . d'Vo t ljrf/ / gLltsf] s'/f xf] . sf+u|];;Fu ;xsfo{ ug]{ t emg\ st} 5nkmn g} gePsf] ljifo xf] t/ oxfF xfd|f kf6L{sf] wf/0ff eg] v'Nnf 5, olb sf+u|];leqaf6 sf]xL ;Rrf nf]stGqjfbL qmflGts} ljifodf klg ;xsfo{ ug{ tof/ x'G5g\ eg] xfd|f] gLlt v'Nnf 5; r'gfjsf] ljifo t ;fdfGo eof] t/ of] ljifo yafªsf] r'gfj;Fu ;DalGwt 5}g .

xfd|f] rfxgf xf] yafªn] cfˆgf] qmflGtsf/L Oltxf; /Iff u/f]:, ToxfFsf] gofF g]t[Tjn] k'/fgf] qmflGtsf/L 5lanfO{ c¿ dfly p7fcf];\ . l;Ë} b]zsf] ck]IffnfO{ qmflGtsf/L tl/sfn] g} k"/f u/f];\ t/ of] t efjgf / ;lbR5fsf] s'/f eof], hf] cfˆgf z'elrGtsn] hlxn] klg /fV5g\ . ljrf/, /fhgLlt / qmflGtdf o;sf] vf;} lg0ff{os cy{ x'Fb}g . of] t ;a} dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/L eOlbPsf] eP x'GYof]], /f]Nkfsf ;a} ;fyLx¿ qmflGtd} cfPsf] eP x'GYof] eg]h:t} s'/f xf] hf] s'/f qmflGtdf ;Dej x'g klg ;S5, gx'g klg ;S5 . t/, Ps qmflGtsf/L h;n] cfbz{sf nflu qmflGtsf] af6f] /f]h]sf] 5, h] k/] klg em]Nb} cufl8 a9\g] s'/f xf] . Tof] t cfkmF}n] km};nf ug]{ s'/f xf] . slxn] sfxLF cfzf u/]sf] g]tf, 3'/fgsf] ;fyL / kl/jf/s} ;b:o t cfkm";Fu /xFb}g, To;sf] klg ;fdgf ug}{k5{ . yafªsf] s] s'/f eof] / Û

thabangyafªdf :jtGq pDd]bjf/L k/]kl5 /f]Nkf lhNnfn] kf6L{sf] lg0f{o xf]Og\ eg]/ jQmJo lgsfn]sf] 5, yafªsf] kf6L{n] klg lg0f{o xf] eg]sf] 5}g\ . Ao'/f]n] klg af]ln;Sof] . s]G› cleofgd} 5 t/ yafªsf s]xL ;fyLx¿n] b'ZdgnfO{ k|xf/ ug]{ xltof/ pknAw u/fOlbPsf]df eg] vNnf] cg'e"lt ;a}nfO{ ePsf] 5 . lj/f]wL / b'Zdgn] Psl5g ePkl5 v'lrª u/]; ldq / z'elrGtsx¿n] lrGtf / b'v];f] kf]v]; b]z}e/Laf6 lh1f;f / k|Zgx¿ cfP . yafªn] qmflGtsf/L k+lQmdf lr;f] kfgL vGofPsf] h:tf] eof] t/ o;df klg s'g} cfZro{ dflgxfNg'kg]{ b]lvFb}g . ;a} j:t' ult / ljsf;df ePh:t} yafªnfO{ klg gofF ;DaGwdf x]g{'k5{ . :yfgLo / /fli6«o kl/l:yltx¿n] k|efljt kfg]{ / To;sf] ;+rfng ubf{ slxn]sfxLF c¿n] ;f]r]eGbf gofF cj:yf aGg ;S5 . yf]/} dfq qmflGtsf] pRr lhDd]jf/LnfO{ a'‰g g;s]/ :yfgLotfdf km:g k'Ubf pN6f]kfN6f] klg x'g ;S5 t/ Tof] kf6L{sf] dfldnf x'Fb}g / kf6L{ km:g] s'/f klg cfpFb}g . /fd|f]df cfbzL{s/0f / sdhf]/Ldf ;'3fb}{ Pstf / cfnf]rgfsf] ;DaGwdf hfg] x'g ;S5 . slxn] sfxLF gofF cfbz{ cufl8 cfpg] / k'/fgfx¿ kl5 kg]{ klg x'g ;S5 . yafªnfO{ klg o;/L g} a'‰g'k5{ .

xfdLn] ;+rfng u/]sf] r'gfj vf/]h cleofgdf kf6L{ Ps dgsf ;fy 86]sf] 5 . g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿ hf] Odfgbf/ 5G, lbnf]Hofgn] v6]sf 5g\ . lu/ˆtf/ k/]sf 5G, oftgf kfPsf 5g\ . h]n k/]sf 5g\ t/ a8f] v';L / pT;fxsf] s'/f s'g} klg sd/]8df b'ljwf, z+sf / cljZjf; 5}g . lgs} /fd|f] ePsf] 5 . o;sf] prfO sflnsf]6–dfnsf]6sf hgtfn] lbP . pgLx¿ cfw'lgs sDo'gf8{ h:tf] eP/ ;lxb / 3fOt] aGb} hgo'4sf] cfˆgf] nufgL / ;dk{0fnfO{ ;r]ttfk"j{s /Iff u/] . b'ZdgnfO{ lgM;z:q hgtfn] k/flht ub}{ -ToxfF g]kfnL ;]gfn] k|z+;gLo k|sf/n] sfo{ u¥of]_ r'gfj vf/]h u/] . d'u' ;jfsf hgtfn] gofF Oltxf; agfP . bh{gf}+ lhNnfdf kf6L{sf ;zQm sf/afxLx¿ eP / eO/x]sf 5g\ . of] g} kf6L{sf] l:kl/6 / gLlt xf] . of] lg/Gt/ sfod x'g]5 .

yafª clxn] cndlnPsf] t x}g eGg] w]/}nfO{ k/]sf] 5 . yafªn] qmflGtsf nflu w]/} Tofu u/]sf] 5 / w]/} kfPsf] klg 5 . xfdLnfO{ cfzf 5 yafª km]l/ klg cfˆgf] cndnnfO{ lrb}{ qmflGts} kIfdf pleg]5 . h;n] yafªnfO{ qmflGtsf] lj?4df prfNg] sfnf] ;kgf b]v]sf 5G, ltgsf] slxNo} enf] x'g]5}g Û

5 . b'O{ ;ftfcl3 klg 8L8LPn] ;f] sDkgLnfO{ ljnfbL r"0f{, cldklqs/ r"0f{, chdf]bfbL r"0f{ / l;tf]kbfnL r"0f{ lkmtf{ nUg lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . kt~hnLsf tL cf}ifwLdf AofS6f]l/ofsf] dfqf lgwf{l/t dfqfeGbf w]/} ePsfn] k|f0f3fts /x]sf 5g\ . kt~hnLn] tL ;8]un]sf / c:j:ys/ cf}ifwL ahf/af6 lkmtf{ n}hfg c6]/ ul//x]sf] 5 .

ljZn]ifsx¿sf] cg'dfg / lrGtf /x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L klxnf] r/0fsf] r'gfjdf lhltPsf elgPsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] e|i6frf/ ;'? ul/;s]sf 5g\ . To;n] hgtf …h'g hf]uL cfPÚlg sfg} lr/]sfÚ eGg] pvfgsf] :d/0f u/fPsf] 5 . /, ;+;bLo n'6]/fx¿dWo] h'g cfPklg b]z / hgtf n'6\g] / ljb]zL bnfnL ug]{ t x'g\ eGg] k/]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f hgtfdf bf];|f] r/0fsf] r'gfjk|lt yk lg/fzf k}bf ePsf] cj:yf 5 .

…sxL+ gePsf] hfqf xfF8L ufpFdf eg]´}F dWo dg;'g kf/]/ r'gfj 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . h]7 @& ut]af6 g]kfndf dg;'g ;'? x'G5 eGg] yfxf x'Fbfx'Fb} hn tyf df};d k"jf{g'dfg zfvfnfO{ ;d]t ´"7f] aSg nufP/ c;f/ !$ ut] jiff{ gx'g] k|rf/ ub}{ r'gfj 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . k|fljws ljifo / ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;d]t r'gfjL :jfy{df b'¿kof]u u/]/ abgfd ul/Psf] lyof] . o;n] ;Dk"0f{ ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lk|lt g} cljZjf; k}bf ePsf] 5 . bn tyf df};d k"jf{g'dfg zfvfn] c;f/ !$ ut] sltko :yfgdf ef/L jiff{ x'g;Sg] cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 . 3/df nfz ePklg kG5fP/ v]tLkftLdf nfUg'k5{ eGg] ;do xf] ls;fgsf nflu . …dfgf] vfP/ d'/L pAhfpg]Ú ;do xf] of] . ;f/f ls;fgx¿ /f]kfO{df Jo:t ePsf 5g\ . u|fdL0f e]udf lbgel/ dfG5] 3/df xf]Og, v]t kfvfdf x'G5g\ . /ftLdfq dfG5]x¿ 3 ufpFdf cfOk'U5g\ . c;f/ !$ sf] r'gfj hgtfsf nflu dfgl;s bafasf] ljifo ;d]t aGg uPsf] 5 . To;}n] u|fdL0f e]udf r'gfjsf] eGbf /f]kfOsf] /f}gs b]lvG5 .

Nxf]T;]n] dxfgu/kflnsfnfO{ (@ nfv s/ a'´fPsf] lyof] . hfkfg ;/sf/sf] k|fljlws tyf ;x'lnot C0fdf a;kfs{sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . cfufdL @ jif{leq 7]s]bf/ sDkgL Nxff]T;]n] ns/;lxtsf] k|tLIffno, :gfgu[x, lgMz'Ns rkL{, k|tLIffno cflb lgdf{0f ug]{, l8lh6n k|0ffnLdf l6s6 laqmL ug]{, lkpg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] Nxf]T;]sf k|aGws ;'ne sfsL{n] atfPsf 5g\ . kfgLsf af]tn, Kof8, Knfl:6s, sfuh, kmnkm"nsf af]qmf cflb Joj:yfkgdf ofq'x¿n] klg ;xof]u ug'{kg]{, ofq'x¿ klg dof{lbt ofqf / cg'zfl;t eP e/kbf]{ / ljsl;t b]zs} h:tf] t/ ;'ne ;]jf lbg cfkm"x¿n] tof/L ul//x]sf] sfsL{sf] bfaL 5 .

clxn] Nxf]T;]n] x/]s a;sf nflu $* 3G6f kfls{ªsf nflu @&% ¿k}+of / r'ª\uLs/jfkt x/]s a;;Fu &% ¿k}ofF c;'Ng] u/]sf] 5 . dxfgu/kflnsfn] ;a} nfdf] tyf dWod b"/Lsf a;, dfOqmf] a;, lhk, s]Gb|Lo a; 6ld{gnaf6} 5'6\g'kg]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 t/ ofq'sf] ;'ljwfsf] nflu l6s6 sf6\g cGoq klg ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 t/ l6s6 sf6]s} :yfgdf u}/–sfg'gL ¿kdf ofq' r9fpg] sfo{ ePsf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f uf}zfnf, df5fkf]v/L, sn+sL, aNv', sf]6]Zj/, htfht} c3f]lift a;kfs{ rln/x]sf 5g\ . ljb]zL / u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yfn] c3f]lift ;Qf rnfO/x]sf] of] b]zdf c3f]lift a;kfs{ rNg'nfO{ 7"nf] ljifo agfOPsf] 5}g . c3f]lift / u}/sfg'gL a;kfs{ 6«flkms k|x/L / dxfgu/sf] n]gb]g / ;fF7ufF7d} rn]sf 5g\ . h;sf sf/0f 6«flkms hfd a9]sf] 5 . ofq'x¿ 7luPsf 5g\ . Pp6f a;sf] l6s6 lbP/ cs}{df r9fpg], b//]6eGbf w]/} ef8f c;'Ng] ePsf] 5 . To;f] x'Fbf s]Gb|Lo a;kfs{ 3f6fdf hfg], dxfgu/kflnsfn] s/ gkfpg], a; Joj;foLn] yf]/} kfpg], ofq'n] rsf]{ ef8f ltg]{ ePsf] 5 . t/ nufgL / ;DklQsf] :jfldTj gePsf afx'anL bnfnx¿n] gfhfoh kmfObf p7fPsf 5g\ .

a;sf] 5tdf ofq' r9fpg k|ltaGw nufPsf] 6«flkms k|x/Ln] o;} jif{b]lv 5tdf ;fdfg af]Sg ;d]t ofq'afxs a;nfO{ k|ltaGw nufpg] ePsf] 5 . gofF cfly{s jif{b]lv lana's gjLs/0f ubf{ afxgsf] 5t kmfn]sf] k|df0f k]; ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . c3f]lift a;kfs{df h:t} s}of}+ ;d:of s]Gb|Lo a;kfs{ uf]+ua'df klg gePsf xf]Ogg\ . dxfgu/kflnsfsf] g]t[Tjdf nf]T;], pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f d~r;lxtsf] cg'udg ;ldlt agfOPsf] ePklg ck]lIft ;'wf/ eg] x'g ;s]sf] 5|}g . c;f/ !^ af6 l8lh6n k|0ffnL nfu' ug]{, nf]T;]sf] of]hgf gePsf]n] s]xL ;'wf/ x'g;Sg] b]lvG5 . dxfgu/kflnsfn] ;a} ofq'afxs afxg s]Gb|Lo a;kfs{af6 ;~rfng ug{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/]sf] cj:yfdf To;sf] jlv{nfk ug]{ Joj;foLdfly k|x/Lsf] ;xof]udf sf/afxL ug'{sf] ;6\6f df}g a:g' g} d'Vo ;d:of b]lvG5 . xl/of] kmnssf ko{6ssf afxgsf] ;DaGwdf eg] lg0f{o

cfkm\g} k;naf6 j:ofnnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . To:t} l;l4dfg v8sf / wgaxfb'/ s'dfnnfO{ klg v8\sfsf] 3/af6 kqmfp u/]sf] 5 .

ptf zlgaf/ s}nfnLdf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf cWoIf k|r08 af; a;]sf] :yfg glhs} ad ljikmf]6 ePsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|s} g]tf n]v/fh e§sf] cQl/ofl:yt 3/df k|r08 al;/x]sf] a]nf ;f]xL kf6L{sf uf]bfj/L gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ kbsf pDd]b\jf/ tyf 7]s]bf/ uf]s0f{ e§sf] 3/df ad ljikmf]6 ePsf] xf] . ljikmf]6sf] sf/0f e§sf] 3/df Iflt k'u]sf] eP klg dfgjLo Iflt gePsf] s}nfnL k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf g]tf pg} n]v/fh e§sf efO;d]t /x]sf uf]s0f{ e§ 7]s]bf/L;Fu;Fu} ljleGg vfnsf wGbf / t:s/Ldf ;+nUg /x]sf]n] r'gfj vf/]hLsf] lgzfgfdf k/]sf] x'g;Sg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . hgo'4sfndf ;'/lIft x'g dfcf]jfbLaf6 Pdfn]df k|j]z u/]sf e§ ToxfFsf 7"nf wgf9\o klg x'g\ .

:yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rgdf :jtGq ¿kdf pDd]b\jf/ ag]sfx¿ klg r'gfj vf/]hLsf] lgzfgfdf k/]sf 5g\ . cfOtaf/ laxfg s}nfnLsf] wgu9L pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf d]o/ kbsf :jtGq pDd]b\jf/ uf]kfn xdfnsf] 3/df r'gfj vf/]hL cleofgdf /x]sfx¿n] sfnf] ´G8f uf8]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o;d]t /x]sf s'Voft Jofkf/L xdfnn] hgtfsf lj?4 k|ltudgsf/L ultljlw u/]sf]n] sfjf{xL:j¿k 3/df sfnf] ´G8f ufl8Psf] g]skf ;|f]tn] atfPsf] 5 . cfOtaf/ laxfg s~rgk'/df Pdfn] pDd]b\jf/ s0f{ xdfnsf] 3/ nlIft ad ljikmf]6 ePsf] 5 . s[i0fgu/ gu/kflnsfdf Pdfn]sf] tkm{af6 d]o/ kbsf pDd]b\jf/ ag]sf xdfnsf] $ g+ j8fl:yt 3/ 5]pdf pQm ljikmf]6 ePsf] xf] . o:t}, z'SnfkmfF6f gu/kflnsfsf pDd]b\jf/sf] 3/df ad km]nf k/]sf] 5 . ad sf+u|];sf] tkm{af6 d]o/ kbsf pDd]b\jf/ ag]sf lbnaxfb'/ P]/sf] 3/df e]l6Psf] xf] .

;'b"/klZrdsf] a}t8Ldf cfOtaf/ g} pDd]b\jf/x¿sf 3/x¿df sfnf] ´G8f ufl8P . sf+u|];, Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf pDd]b\jf/sf 3/df sfnf] ´G8f ufl8Psf x'g\ .

k"j{ d]rLsf] ´fkfdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf pDd]b\jf/ :yfgLosf] nv]6fOdf k/]sf 5g\ . kfyfdf/L ufpFkflnsfsf d]o/ kbsf pDd]b\jf/ sfn]Gb| /fhj+zLn] ufpFdf dtbftfnfO{ k};f afFl8/x]sf] a]nf :yfgLo hgtfsf] cu'jfO{df g]skf ;dly{t o'jfx¿n] nv]6]sf x'g\ . r'gfjL cfrf/;+lxtf ljk/Lt dtbftfnfO{ k|efljt kfg]{ u/L k};f afF8]sf]n] nv]6\g'k/]sf] qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\ ´fkfn] hgfPsf] 5 .

/fKtLsf] bfªdf r'gfj vf/]hL cleofgdf /x]sf o'jf / :yfgLo hgtfn] tLg 7"nf kf6L{sf r'gfj k|rf/df k|of]u ul/Psf uf8Lx¿ tf]8kmf]8 ul/Psf 5g\ . lhNnfsf] Jofkfl/s s]Gb| t'n;Lk'/df sf+u|];, Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|n] k|of]u u/]sf uf8Lx¿df tf]8kmf]8 u/]sf x'g\ . tf]8kmf]8sf] sf/0f tLgj6f uf8L Ifltu|:t ag]sf 5g\ . r'gfj vf/]hL cleofgdf /x]sf :yfgLo o'jfx¿n] uf8Ldf tf]8kmf]8 u/]sf] x'g ;Sg] g]skf, bfªn] hgfPsf] 5 .

zlgaf/ af/fsf] l;d/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf yfkfrf]sdf k"j{dGqL ljqmd kf08]sf] sflnsf sG6«S;gsf] af ! v &!#$ gDa/sf] l6«k/df cfuhgL ul/Psf] 5 . lgdf{0f Jofj;foLsf] 7"nf] /sd lxgfldgf u/]sf]n] cfuhgL ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . nuQ} cfOtaf/ k;f{, jL/uGh kfj/xfp;l:yt rf}w/L u'|ksf] d]3f png sf/vfgf kl/;/sf] df]6/ Uof/]hdf ul/Psf] cfuhgLaf6 rf/ s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 .

o:t} df]/ªsf] a'9Lu+uf !, 6ª\s]l;gjf/Ll:yt ef/tLo nufgLsf] sf/vfgf cf/tL OG6/g];gn lnld6]8df ad ljikmf]6 ePsf] 5 eg] cfOtaf/ lj/f6gu/df /x]sf] lgjf{rg sfof{nodf ad ljikmf]6 ePsf] 5 . ljikmf]6af6 sfof{nosf] ejgdf Iflt k'u]sf] 5 . lj/f6gu/d} l8u|L ;fOG; SofDk; glhs zlQmzfnL ad ljikmf]6 ePsf] 5 . sfg]kf]v/L ufpFkflnsfsf Pdfn]sf cWoIf kbsf pDd]b\jf/ tf/fk|;fb sfkm\n]sf] 3/df ad e]l6Psf] 5 eg] pnf{af/Ldf d]o/kbsf v8\sk|;fb kmfu"sf] 3/df ad km]nf k/]sf] 5 . pQm ad g]kfnL ;]gfsf] 6f]nLn] lgliqmo u/]sf] lyof] .

b]zJofkL lu/Ktf/L r'gfj vf/]hL cleofgsf] gLlt lnPsf] g]skf

/ p;sf ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf sfo{stf{nfO{ zflGt;'/Iffdf jfwf k'Ug] eGb} b]zsf ljleGg 7fpFaf6 kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 . w]/}h;f]nfO{ cfkm\g} 3/df al;/x]sf] / JolQmut sfddf lxFl8/x]sf] a]nf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] 5 . o;}aLr cg]d ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sL s]Gb|Lo ;lrj OlGb/f ld> …/rgfÚ nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ df]/ªaf6 ld>;Fu} g]skfsf lhNnf ;b:o bLks /fO{nfO{ klg kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 . kqmfpsf] lj/f]wdf cg]d;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf aGw' rGb / dxf;lrj lw/]Gb|f s'df/L pkfWofo …e[s'6LÚn] ;+o'Qm lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ lagfzt{ l/xfOsf] dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 .

clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o Pjd\ dxfsfnL ;+of]hs lji0f'k|;fb pkfWofonfO{ lu/ˆtf/ ul/Psf] 5 . cfOtaf/ laxfg s~rgk'/sf] z'SnfkmfF6f / b}hLsf] aLrdf kg]{ ch'{gL Aof/]sl:yt g]kfnL ;]gfsf] OG6«L–kf]:6n] kqmfp u/L k|x/LnfO{ a'´fPsf] xf] . JolQmut sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf df]6/;fOsndf lxFl8/x]sf] cj:yfdf pkfWofonfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ n] hgfPsf] 5 .

´fkf hgkl/ifb\ k|d'v ;'dgl;+x kf}8]nnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kf}8]nnfO{ ;f]daf/ laxfg lhNnfsf] ljtf{df]8af6 kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . JolQmut sfddf lxFl8/x]sf] a]nf lgjf{rg lj/f]wL kf]:6/ 6fF;]sf] cf/f]kdf kf}8]nnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;cl3 klg g]skfsf ´fkf OGrfh{ s[i0f clwsf/L …pd]zÚ nufotx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/L lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] 5 .

g]skfsf ;]tL Ao'/f] ;b:o ljj]s s'dfnnfO{ z'qmaf/ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . 8f]6L lhNnf OGrfh{;d]t /x]sf s'dfnnfO{ kf6L{ sfddf lxFl8/x]sf] a]nf aLkLgu/af6 kqmfp ul/Psf] g]skf, 8f]6Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

kfFry/af6 g]skfsf % hgf lhNnf:t/sf g]tf–sfo{stf{nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp kg]{x¿df ljho g]Djfª, slj/fh lnDa', lhtaxfb'/ lnDa', cd/ kl/of/ / ljzfn lnDa' /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ ;a}hgfnfO{ k|x/Ln] 3/–3/df k'u]/ kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . cfkm\gf g]tf–sfo{stf{nfO{ lagfsf/0f kqmfp u/]sf] eGb} g]skf, kfFry/n] lagfzt{ l/xfOsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 .

dxfsfnL Ao'/f] ;b:o Pjd\ bfr'{nf ;]qm]6/L /d]z g]kfnL …hLjgÚ nfO{ sf+u|];sf 7]s]bf/sf] ;'/fsLdf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] g]skfn] hgfPsf] 5 . kf6L{sf dxfsfnL OGrfh{ ;Demgf 3tL{n] Ps lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ a}t8Ldf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] tkm{af6 gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ kbsf pDd]b\jf/ OGb|axfb'/ P]/n] dhb'/sf] Hofnfsf] ljifodf s'/f ug'{ 5 egL kmf]g u/]/ af]nfO{ g]kfnLnfO{ lu/ˆtf/ ug{ nufPsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . 7]s]bf/ tyf lgdf{0f

tyf pkTosf Ao'/f] ;+of]hs /fdaxfb'/åf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfno ;+rfnsx¿n] eg] cfkm"x¿sf]] ;xdltlagf ;/sf/ / ljBfyL{ ;+u7x¿aLr ;D´f}tf ePsf] u'gf;f] ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . ut xKtfb]lv g} r/0fj4 cfGbf]ngdf /x]sf] clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ n] dfu k"/f geP yk ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ug]{ atfPsf] 5 .

clvn qmflGtsf/L ===

ePsf] 5}g . dxfgu/kflnsfdf cfPsf] gofF g]t[Tjn] of] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ Wofg b]nf t < k|Zg cg'Ql/t g} 5 .

Joj;foL;d]t /x]sf P]/n] s~rgk'/ 3/ ePsf g]kfnLnfO{ c;f/ % ut] a}t8Lsf] ;tafF´af6 lu/km\tf/ ug{ nufPsf] g]skf dxfsfnL Ao'/f]sf] cf/f]k 5 .

e]/Lsf] alb{ofdf g]skfsf lhNnf ;b:o rGb|jL/ ljs / csf{ ;dy{s v'dnfn lu/L kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . z'qmaf/ laxfg cfˆg} 3/df al;/x]sf] a]nf k|x/Ln] pgLx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] g]skf alb{ofn] hgfPsf] 5 . alb{of ;]qm]6/L o'4n] Ps lj1lKt hf/L u/L k|x/Ln] lagf–sf/0f cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ kqmfp u/]sf] eGb} l/xfOsf] dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 . :d/0fLo 5, o;cl3 klg alb{of lhNnf OGrfh{ b]jsnf clwsf/L;lxtsf] 6f]nLnfO{ k|qmfp u/L lx/f;tdf /flvPsf] 5 .

o:t}, s~rgk'/af6 clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf lhNnf ;–;lrj uf}/j wfdLnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . wfdLnfO{ z'qmaf/ lhNnfsf] eLdbQ gu/kflnsf ahf/af6 kqmfp ul/Psf] xf] . JolQmut sfdn] ahf/df lxFl8/x]sf] a]nf k|x/Ln] lagfsf/0f cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ kqmfp u/]sf] eGb} clvn -qmflGtsf/L_n] lagfzt{ l/xfOsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 .

tfKn]h'ª hgkl/ifb\ k|d'v ljho lnDa' / km]Da' lnDa'nfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 . b'j}hgfnfO{ 3/df al;/x]sf] cj:yfdf kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . kqmfpsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ lhNnf OGrfh{ cfzLifn] lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ lagfzt{ l/xfOsf] dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 .

o;}u/L d+unaf/ ck/fGx g]skf, dsjfgk'/

OGrfh{ lj/axfb'/ 3nfg …HjfnfÚ / ;f]daxfb'/

3nfgnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . o;}aLr

d+unaf/ ck/fGx gf/fo0fL Jo"/f] O~rfh{ lr/g

k'gn] Ps lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ lj/axfb'/ 3nfg …

HjfnfÚ sf] l/xfO{sf] dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 . otf

wgu9Laf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ !@ ut] /ftL

!) ah] a]jfl/;] j:t' kG5fpg vf]Hbf crfgs

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rGb|axfb'/ ;]]g …;g/fOhÚ sf] b'Mvb lgwg ePsf]

va/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ;]tL–dxfsfnL Ao'/f]n]

pxfFsf] lgwgk|lt ulx/f] b'Mv JoQm ub}{ pxfFnfO{

;lxb 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .

g]skfn] cfh bflh{lnªsf g]kfnLefifL hgtfn] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] uf]vf{N08 k|fKtLsf] cfGbf]ngsf] ;dy{g u/]sf] 5 . p;n] g]kfnL efifLsf] dfu k"/f ug{'kg]{ eGb} uf]vf{Nof08 zAb k|of]u g} gu/L uf]vf{Nof08sf] ;dy{g u/]sf] xf] . klZrd a+ufn ;/sf/n] u/]sf] bdgsf] lj/f]w ub}{ 3'dfp/f] efiffdf ;'uf}nL ;lGw vf/]h e};s]sf] k|;Ë klg p7fPsf] 5 . /fhwfgLsf] zflGt afl6sfaf6 ck/fGx @ ah] lg:s]sf] h'n'z n}grf}/l:yt ef/tLo b'tfjf;df k'u]/ b'tfjf; dfkm{t ef/tLo k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfPsf] xf] . kf6L{ :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o tyf ljb]z ljefu k|d'v wd]{G› af:tf]nfn] b'tfjf; cuf8L cfof]lht ;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ bflhl{\nªjf;L dfly ePsf] bdgsf] s8f zAbdf lgGbf ug{'eof] .

bflh{lnªjf;Lsf] ;dy{gdf sf7df8f}+df k|bz{g

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bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] gf}6ª\sL¿kL :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf ;+;bLo bnfn kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ eGg x'g] / hfg]hlt Joª\Uojf0f xfGb} Ps csf{sf] x'd{t lng nfluk/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnn] ef]u]sf] ;Ldf cltqmd0f, a]lrPsf gbLgfnf, o'jfx¿sf] ljb]z knfogh:tf ljifo s;}sf] efif0fdf b]lvFb}gg\ . oxLqmddf g]kfnsf] k"jL{e]udf ePsf] Ps ;efdf dfs]sf cWoIf k|r08n] a8f] uj{sf ;fy 3f]if0ff u/]5g\ ls æPdfn] sf+u|]; xfQL x'g\ eg] dfs] dfpt] xf] .Æ c¿nfO{ Joª\Uojf0f xfGbf cfkm\gf] wf]tL v':s]sf] ;d]t kQf] kfpFb}gg\ ;+;bLo g]tfx¿ . pgLx¿sf] Ps dfq p2]Zo x'G5 ls k|ltkIfsf] Ifl0fs ¿kdf s;/L pl5tf] sf9\g] / w]/}eGbf w]/} hgtfnfO{ e|ddf kf/L cfkm"lt/ cfslif{t u/L lgjf{rg lht]/ ;Qfsf] ef]urng ug]{ . k|r08n] cfkm"nfO{ dfpt]sf] pkdf lbP/ eLdsfo xfQLnfO{ p7a; u/fpg ;Sg] x}l;otdf 5' eGg vf]h]sf] k|:6} a'́ \g ;lsG5 . pko'{Qm egfOn] Psftkm{ dfs]sf] /fhgLlts rt'¥ofOF ePsf] / pg} ;+;bLo /ª\ud~rsf] k|d'v / lg0ff{os v]nf8L /x]sf] egL dfs]hgx¿nfO{ cfTd/lt lng / tfnL ahfpg s]xL d;nf t ldNof] xf]nf t/ pg}sf] egfOnfO{ dfGg] xf] eg] sf+u|];, Pdfn] xfQL x'g\ / dfs] dfpt] xf] eg] dflns sf] xf] < xfQL s'g} dflnssf] lghL ;DklQ xf]nfg\ eg] dfpt] t dflnss} gf]s/ g} xf] lsgeg] dflnsn] dfpt]sf] sfd ub}{g / cfjZostf / Ifdtfcg';f/sf] dfpt] /fVg] u5{ .

hlt n'sfpg / ldnfP/ eg] klg ;To s'/f t cufl8 cfOxfN5 . …9fF6]sf] / sf6]sf] df;' km]l/ ldNb} ldNb}gÚ eGg] pvfg To;} :yflkt ePsf] xf]Og . k|r08n] h] af]n] Tof] ;To g} af]n]sf 5g\ . k|r08sf] Tof] pb\3f]if ldl8ofdf k9]kl5 sl/a $) jif{ klxnf jgf/;df cWoog ubf{ SofDk;sf ;fyLn] ;'gfPsf] Pp6f 36gf ofb cfof] === SofDk;df cWoog ug]{ cToGt ldNg] ;fyL lyP t/ ltgL Pp6f d'l:nd lyP / csf{ lxGb' Pp6fsf] gfd O:nfd vfF lyof] eg] csf]{ ;'/]Gb| kf08] . ;'/]Gb| kf08]sf] ljjfx x'g] eof] . ljjfxdf hGtL hfg]df cfkm\gf] cToGt ldng;f/ ;fyL O:nfd vfFnfO{ a8f] pT;'stfsf ;fy hGt hfg] lgDtf] lbg uP t/ O:nfdn] ljjfxsf] xflb{s z'esfdgf t lbP t/ hGt hfg eg] Tolt pT;fx b]vfPgg\ . O:nfdsf] To:tf] dg;fo a'́ ]/ ;'/]Gb| clt lvGg eP / eg] æolb tkfO{+ hGt ghfg] xf] eg] d ljx] g} ulb{gFÆ eGg] c8\8L /fVb} ghfgsf] sf/0f ;f]w] . O:nfdn] eg] ls Tof] t 7"nf] s]xL sf/0f xf]Og . xfdL k9]n]v]sf lzlIft o'jfx¿n] hftLo e]befj 5'jf5't k|yfnfO{ 3[0ff ub}{ ;dfgtfsf] lglDt cfGbf]ng klg rnfO/x]sf 5f}F t/ xfd|f] ;dfhdf h/f uf8]/ a;]sf] ;fdGtjfbL ;+:s[lt / lrGtgnfO{ k/Dk/fsf gfddf c }́ klg ;dfhaf6 pGd"ng eO;s]sf]

5}g .k"hf–cfhf ljjfx j|taGwh:tf lxGb'sf sfo{x¿df t ´g\ a9L vf]hL gLlt u5{g\ . ToxfF d

ghfpFm eg]sf] dfq x'F . ;fyLsf] of] s'/f ;'g]/ ;'/]Gb| kf08]n] eg] ToxfF ltdLnfO{ s;}n] lrGb}g lsg d';ndfg x"F eGg k¥of] / a|fXd0f g} x"F eGg' d;Fu} a;fn]/ vfgf v'jfpg] afrf u5'{ / hGt t hfg}k5{ . To;f] eP hGt t hfpmFnf ;Fu} a;]/ kfg vfpmFnf, a|fXd0f x"F klg egf}Fnf t/ s'g a|fXd0f egL ;f]w] eg] s] egf}Fnf < O:nfdn] k|Zg /fv]5g\ . ;'/]Gb|n] v';L x'Fb} eg]5g\– kf08] x"F eGg", eOxfN5 .

;fyL O:nfd hGt hfg] ePkl5 v';L x'Fb} ;'/]Gb| 3/ kmls{P . csf]{ lbg ;a} tof/ eP . O:nfd klg cfOk'u]/ hGtL k|:yfg u/] . b'nxLsf] 3/df k'uL s]xL cf}krfl/s ;+:sf/ k"/f ePkl5 hGtLx¿nfO{ ef]hg v'jfpg] sfd ;'? eof] . ;'/]Gb|n] O:nfdnfO{ ;fydf lnP / efG;fdf k'u] / vfg]qmd ;'? eof] . vfg]qmddf O:nfdn] eg]5g\– æe08f/LhL tF lg yf]8f ;'?jf b]gf .Æ ;'?jfsf] s'/f ;'GbflalQs} efG;] kl08t h+luP5g\ lsgeg] bfn t/sf/Lsf] ´f]nnfO{ ef/tLo kl08tx¿ …/;Ú eGbf /x]5g\ . …;'?jfÚ eg]sf] df;'sf] ´f]n eGg] cy{ nfUbf] /x]5 . æa|fXd0fs] efG;fd] ;'?jf dfUg]jfnf t'd sf}g a|fXd0f xf] < efG;]sf] o:tf] 8f6 km6sf/;lxtsf] k|Zg ;'g]kl5 O:nfdn] s]xL cK7]/f] dfgLdfgL eg]5g\– æd} kf08] x"F .Æ km]l/ a|fXd0fn] ;f]w] æsf}g kf08] xf] <Æ ta s'g kf08] eGg] s]xL d];f] gkfPkl5 O:nfdn] cToGt b'Mlvt x'Fb} eg]5g\– x] cNnf Û kf08] d] eL kf08] sf}g kf08] o;/L 9fF6]sf] s'/f gldNbf ljjfx cln vNnf] ePsf] ;a}n] dx;'; u/] . ;fyLx¿n] a8f] hual;t of] 36gf ;'gfPsf lyP . d'l:nd efOn] kf08] x"F eg]/ hjfkm t lbP t/ cGttM pgs} egfOn] pgL d'l:nd ePsf] k'li6 eof] .

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